A Framework of Dynamic Environmental Risk Assessment and its Evolution Forecast of Hazardous Chemicals Accidents
|
|
- Teresa Price
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 A Framework of Dynamic Risk Assessment and its Evolution Forecast of Hazardous Chemicals Accidents Shuxia LI School of Business, East China University of Science & Technology; Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan Shanghai, , China; Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA Jie LI School of Business, East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai, and Hongbo SHAN * College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University Shanghai, ABSTRACT Once hazardous chemicals accidents occur, the damage to the society is often enormous, as well as the threat to our living environment. risk and its dynamic evolution process should be scientifically assessed and predicted to effectively control and prevent the enlargement of accident risk. A framework for dynamically assessing and predicting evolutionary environmental risk and prediction of hazardous chemicals accidents is presented. Considering the intrinsic complexity, strong mobility and high uncertainty of hazardous chemicals accidents, the challenge of key environmental risk factors analysis and uncertain environmental risk modeling in term of environmental vulnerability, exposure intensity and uncertainty are presented firstly. Then, the need and associated problems of dynamic assessment of environmental risk from the viewpoint of natural and controlled diffusion is proposed. And three-level risk evaluation scheme, namely, unit level, space level and system level is put forward, which depends on different affecting space and evolution mechanism. Furthermore, environmental risk evolution track and prediction model under this framework are discussed. This study will provide useful decision support and theoretic and methodological guidance for environmental control and emergency planning of hazardous chemicals accidents. Keywords: Hazardous Chemicals, Risk, Risk Model, Risk Assessment, Risk Evolution Prediction. 1. INTRODUCTION According to European Chemicals Bureau, the current European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) contains 100,204 substances, including nearly 2500 high production volume chemicals. The production and * Corresponding author, hbshan@dhu.edu.cn. development of chemicals have vastly improved the status of modernists. However, the hazardous property of chemicals pose threat to human s living environment, especially the accidents that occur during the production, administration, storage, use and handling of hazardous chemicals. Although efforts have been made to address the security issues in each phase in the whole lifecycle of chemical producing, chemical accidents still occur frequently. With the high speed economic development, China is experiencing high chemical accidents occurrence, which due to China s manufacturingoriented economic development model. During 2000~2006, 11,706 chemical accidents causing environmental pollution and destroy in China were reported, among which the amount of accidents in 2006 reached 842 [1]. When the chemical accidents occur, much attention should be paid to the emergency response and cutting losses. Besides, the control of environmental hazard urgently needs more attention. risk and its dynamic evolution process should be probably assessed and predicted to prevent the enlargement of accident risk, thus keep hazardous chemicals from entering into the environment, which does harm to people s health and the whole environment. It is no doubt that dynamic environmental risk assessment and evolution prediction of hazardous chemicals accidents is the basis of safety transportation decision and the key of accident warning and emergency rescue. More importantly, it is the significant means to minimizing the risk and losses, and protection our environment. 2. THE STATUS OF CURRENT RESEARCHES Current researches of risk assessment and prediction on accidents caused by hazardous chemicals mainly focus on such aspects as the description, assessment method, dynamic analysis and diffusion simulation of the environmental risk. However, current literatures put more attention to the polluting features of the chemicals themselves, and researches focusing on the range of pollution or the hazard assessment to the environment including the eco system are insufficient. Moreover, key points
2 of most of the researches are toxicity of chemical pollutants, rather than the risk of the accidents caused by hazardous chemicals with high polluting power and randomness [2][3][4][5][6][7]. In China, the risk management of hazardous chemical accidents is still leaning on the quantitative assessment, pre-warning and the formulation of contingency plan on personal risk, social risk and ecological security. The quantitative assessments of the environmental risk are conducted primarily at municipal and regional level, being imperfect in systematic methods [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The former two (the aspects of the description and the assessment method of the environmental risk) are more systematic no matter in theory or practice than the other two aspects, and they do give hints for us to conduct researches relevant with environmental risk assessment in China. For example, Bryant assessed the danger of chemical accidents on human beings and the environment with GIS techniques and established further a risk index model [16]. Additionally, with the support of the database of properties of the chemicals and environmental resource information, the model conducts analysis on features of the local pollution of spilling chemicals on land to the human health, underground water, surface water and soil resource, and provides relevant decision support for different decision makers. Taking the dynamic complexity of accident into account, Goh, Brown et al. proposed to conduct assessment of accident risk from the angle of systematic consideration, utilizing the method of causation circuit and basing on the mutual actions of roles of different spatial and temporal dimensions [17]. Zhang, Wu et al. used four kinds of event trees to set up models for most release accidents of chemical factories in design stage and conducted assessment of accident risk through uncertainty analysis, model transformation and mathematical computation [18]. Fortunately, more attention has been paid on the latter two fields, namely, the dynamic analysis and diffusion simulation of the environmental risks. However, the researches on them are usually conducted independently. For example, relative researches have been conducted aiming at the toxic gas in static facilities and in transport process, and considering factors such as release level, wind direction atmospheric stability, temperature, time and region, which include establishing random dynamic diffusion model and developing risk assessment software pack that capable of computing safe distance and personal and social risk [19]. Also, I and Cheng proposed a method to combine calculable fluid dynamics and 3D simulation, which is different from the traditional diffusion modeling and consequence analysis method that need complex computation and tend to exaggerate the risk [20]. With the support of relevant chemical and geographic databases and GIS technique, Bryant conducted dynamic computation and demonstration on environmental risk under different conditions using the overall consideration of the pollution property and transferability of the chemicals themselves [16]. All above shows that researchers have offered various useful modules and methods for reference. However, current researches have not identified enough the critical risk factors of hazardous chemical accidents. Compared with the researches of dynamic risk assessment with the purpose of the precaution against hazardous chemical accidents, the researches of dynamic assessment of environmental risk after accidents occur are relatively less, not to mention the researches on uncertainty risk with the combined methods of risk assessment and evolution prediction. Apparently, one of the reasons is that after hazardous chemical accidents occur, the intervention of human emergency rescues are uncertain, and are difficult to be included into risk assessment. On the other hand, environmental system is a complex one, how risk develops and evolves under the mutual action of other subjects is yet to be discussed thoroughly. It can be seen that effective environmental risk assessment should integrate evolution analysis and risk assessment together to focus on the dynamic of the environmental risk. So, it is of great significance to conduct research on dynamic risk assessment and evolution prediction of hazardous chemical accidents. Accordingly, centering on the issue of the environmental risk assessment and evolution prediction of hazardous chemical accidents, this paper gives a multiple-factory analysis on environmental risks first. Then, multiple-dimension environmental risk assessment system is established, and the dynamic evolution rule of environmental risk of hazardous chemical accidents and its dynamic assessment method are investigated as well. In this way, the systematic framework of environmental risk assessment and evolution prediction of hazardous chemical accidents is formulated at last. This framework and the proposed relative methods will provide detailed model construction and analysis process of risk conditions to different decision-makers and support them with the key elements they really care. 3. THE FRAMEWORK OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT AND ITS EVOLUTION PREDICTION OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS To establish the system of environmental risk assessment and evolution prediction of hazardous chemical accidents, the following aspects should be considered: 1) The model construction of environmental risk of hazardous chemical accidents; 2) The dynamic environmental risk assessment of hazardous chemical accidents; 3) The model of environmental risk evolution prediction of hazardous chemical accidents. There exists a problem that the environmental risks are difficult to be integrated in a quantitative assessment model because the data of environmental disaster in hazardous chemical accidents is hard to acquire, and environmental risk factors are multiple. As a result, researchers tend to get conservative assessment results and couldn t provide the decision-makers with the adequate risk evaluation, which cause great difficulty in communication inconvenience. Along with the perfection of relevant systems of accident report and the execution of environmental protection strategy, it is necessary and feasible to integrate the hazardous chemicals, the population surrounding, relevant ecological environment and facilities as a whole system to establish multiple-dimension environmental risk assessment system of hazardous chemical accidents and conduct process-oriented environmental risk assessment from the viewpoint of risk evolution analysis. Figure 1 is a rudimentary design of the framework of this system.
3 Uncertain Information Adequate and Accurate Acquisition of Information Resource Model Construction of Uncertain Risk Toxicity of Chemicals The vulnerability of the Ecological Environment intensity Probability Subjective Uncertainty of Human Beings Natural Diffusion The Diffusivity and Permeability of Chemicals Dynamic risk assessment based on Cell and Space Dynamic Risk Assessment Controlled Diffusion Human Emergency Rescue Activity System Dynamic risk assessment integrating human risk decision making Risk Evolution Prediction Risk Evolution Track Model Transform Factor Sensitivity Analysis Risk Evolution Prediction Model Level vulnerability Control Level Evolution Track Risk Manager Grounds for Preventive Decisions Visibility Transparency Figure 1. The framework of environmental risk assessment and its evolution prediction of hazardous chemical accidents The identification of uncertain factors The influence of uncertain factors is prominent to increase the difficulty of the assessment of environmental risk. The uncertainty lies in the following aspects: The uncertainty of source information acquisition. Many environmental disasters and risks are not immediately discovered after accidents occur. There is a process of continual evolution of risk. The environmental risk assessment system requires a high accuracy and adequacy information acquisition. Only comprehensive control information resource can strengthen the handling ability after accidents occur. More importantly, the environmental risk prediction ability will be increased to win precious time to control further development of the accidents and perform effective handling. Therefore, with the precondition of uncertain acquirable information, current risk assessment framework could not support dynamic assessment of environmental risk after accidents occur. The dynamic evolution characteristics of risk. After accidents occur, the environmental risk dynamically changes along with the advancement of time. Out of mutual actions of multiple factors such as human beings, the evolution features and rules of hazardous chemicals in environmental protection become complex and uncertain. The complexity of multi-media and changeable environment risk. The diversity and changeability of the environment including living beings brings intrinsic complexity to the environmental risk assessment. When disposing this aspect of uncertainty, issues of the public, the society and the morality must be considered comprehensively. And, the dynamic evolution process of the environmental risk under the interaction of multiple subjects, especially human beings, should be investigated in order to provide proper grounds for preventive strategy decision of risk managers. The environmental risk modeling of hazardous chemical accidents There are multiple types of chemicals that bring harms in hazardous chemical accidents, and they differ a lot in influencing scope and levels on human beings and environmental subjects. As a result, the identification and description of the environmental risk of hazardous chemical accidents is the foundation for its assessment and prediction. However, current risk assessment models have difficulty in addressing the uncertainty information of the environmental risk and consequently need additional considerations in handling the description of environmental risk. In this paper, several aspects are considered in risk modeling as the follows: The analysis of key environmental risk factors in the hazardous chemicals accidents. With the support of the
4 database of hazardous chemicals and their accidents, a method combining Delphi with AHP should be used to systematically analyze not only the environmental risk factors such as air, sediment, soil, surface water, groundwater, animals and plants, human beings and their weights, but also the vulnerability of several typical hazardous chemicals accidents. The model of environmental risk exposure in the hazardous chemicals accidents. Through the identification of uncertain factors and the information of geographic environment, the aftermath of different accidents should be analyzed to establish a model of environmental risk exposure. Giving the emergency and the randomness of the accidents, the model should include the different intensity of environmental risk exposure. The multi-dimension uncertain environmental risk model. Basing on the diversity of hazardous chemical accidents and the complexity of environmental subjects, the environmental risk model needs to consider uncertain risk information (especially the subjective uncertain information of human beings) including such factors as the intrinsic toxicity of the chemicals, the vulnerability of the ecological environment system, the exposure level, exposure probability and so on. Then, a multidimension uncertain environmental risk model of hazardous chemical accidents is built accordingly. The dynamic environmental risk assessment of hazardous chemical accidents Due to the intrinsic mobility of the chemicals (such as diffusivity and permeability, etc.) and the direct or indirect activities of emergency rescue activities and other affecting elements in the system (for example, the food chain), the environmental risk will differ along with time and space. So, to track the environmental risk of hazardous chemicals quickly, the dynamic transformation rule of the environmental risk of hazardous chemical accidents shall be described. Considering the two diffusion modes in different hazardous chemical accident conditions, researches need to be carried out from two aspects: the natural diffusion of hazardous chemicals in the environment and the controlled diffusion of them when there are human interventions (e.g. the emergency rescue activities). The environmental risk evolution forecast of hazardous chemical accidents. Because there are mutual interactions between human beings and ecological environment, high uncertainties of the environmental risk evolution track of hazardous chemical accidents are unavoidable. The prediction on future evolution trend of the environmental risk of hazardous chemical accidents should include contents of the following two aspects: The risk evolutionary track model of hazardous chemical accidents. The sensitive points of reached targeting at dynamic environmental assessment of hazardous chemical accidents can further describe quantitatively the critical evolutionary track of environmental risk of the hazardous chemical accidents. The prediction model of the dynamic evolution of the environmental risk of hazardous chemical accidents. The main input parameters referred here shall include exposure level, environmental probability, density of exposed people, control level and risk evolution track. Meanwhile, the process of the risk evolution track and the prediction model of the environmental risk should be given in a transparent and visible form. 4. CONCLUSION There are high uncertainties on each stage of the environmental risk assessment process of hazardous chemical accidents. While current assessment on environmental risk is just limited in the loss property caused by the hazardous chemicals themselves. There are few researches intensively enough on the range of pollution or the hazard assessment to the environment, especially the eco system. And, the real-time dynamic assessment of environmental risk after an accident occurs is seldom supported by the existing assessment system. Therefore, the influencing factors of environmental risk must be considered systematically to establish a dynamic risk assessment system, in which, the interactions between human beings and environment are considered and the dynamic uncertain evolution characteristics of environmental risk are properly discovered and modeled. In this way, the proposed framework can handle the uncertain risk information and take the emergency rescue activities of people involved and the evolution rule of the environmental risk into account, which will provide decision support for different risk management people. The framework established will provide theoretic and methodological guidance for research on the environmental control of hazardous chemical accidents as well as the decisions support for risk managers on emergency planning. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under the Grant Number of and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. REFERENCES [1] National Report on Statistic, China Protection Industry, [2] P. Haastrup, Overview of problems of risk management of accidents with dangerous chemicals in Europe, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 75, No. 3, 1994, pp [3] F. Rigas, and S. Sklavounos, Major hazards analysis for populations adjacent to chemical storage facilities, Process Safety and Protection, Vol. 82, No. B5, 2004, pp [4] P. Danihelka, K. Sikorova, et al., Analysis of chemical accident impact on environment, Safety and Reliability for Managing Risk, Vol. 1-3, 2006, pp [5] Z. N. Pintaric, Assessment of the consequences of accident scenarios involving dangerous substances, Process Safety and Protection, Vol. 85, No. B1, 2007, pp [6] C. Jelescu, C. Dima, et al., Case study on gas station environmental qualitative risk assessment, and Risk Assessment of Chemical Pollution - Contemporary Methodology, 2009, pp [7] G. Dura, E. Laszlo, et al., Tentative hazard assessment of industrial facilities, and Risk Assessment of Chemical Pollution - Contemporary Methodology. L. I. Simeonov and M. A. Hassanien. Dordrecht, 2009, Springer: [8] Wei, G., Z. F. Yang, et al., Analysis and countermeasures of dangerous chemical accidents in cities in China, Progress in Safety Science and Technology, Vol. V, Pts A and B 5, 2005, pp
5 [9] S. J. Tong, Y. H. Wang, et al., System risk analysis of road transport of hazardous chemicals in China, Progress in Safety Science and Technology, Vol. 6, Pts A and B 6, 2006, pp [10] H. Yu, J. Jiang, Study of Emergency Rescue Plan for Accidents due to Dangerous Chemicals in Urban Area. China Safety Science Journal, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2006, pp [11] W. Fan, Advertisement and suggestion to scientific problems of emergency management for public incidents, Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, Vol. 21, No. 2, 2007, pp [12] G. Wang, Ecological Security Mechanism and Assessment Method Based on Potential Danger Factors, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Shanghai for Science & Tehcnology, [13] C. Zhang, Y. Liu, A new method on risk assessment of dangerous chemicals. Harbin, Harbin Engineering Univ. ISCRAM, 2007, pp [14] C. Ren, X. Zhou, On the quantitative emergency response rank for regional major accidents of dangerous chemicals, Fire Science and Technology, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2009, pp [15] L. Zhao, P. Wu, et al., Statistic Analysis and Countermeasures on Dangerous Chemical Accidents in China, China Safety Science Journal, Vol. 19, No. 7, 2009, pp [16] Derek L. Bryant, Creation of a System for Assessing and Communicating the Risks Associated with Terrestrial Chemical Spills. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN., [17] Y. M. Goh, H. Brown, et al., Applying systems thinking concepts in the analysis of major incidents and safety culture, Safety Science, Vol. 48, No. 3, 2010, pp [18] Z. Q. Zhang,, C. G. Wu, et al., Chemical hazards assessing and accidents estimation by event tree modeling, Progress in Safety Science and Technology, Vol. 4, PTS A and B., Y. J. Wang, P. Huang and S. Li. Beijing: Science Press, 2004, pp [19] S. M. Godoy, A. S. M. Santa Cruz, et al., STRRAP system--a software for hazardous materials risk assessment and safe distances calculation, Reliability Engineering & System Safety, Vol. 92, No. 7, 2007, pp [20] Y.-P. I, T.-L. Cheng, The development of a 3D risk analysis method, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 153, No. 1-2, 2008, pp
Research on the Construction of Agricultural Product Virtual Logistics Enterprise
Research on the Construction of Agricultural Product Virtual Logistics Enterprise Fan Liu Abstract With the development that the demand for agricultural products consumer market is gradually toward to
More informationResearch of the Trait and Quality on Emergency WeChat Platform Based on Service Framework and Quality Gap
Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscience.ae 1002 The Open Cybernetics & Systemics Journal, 2015, 9, 1002-1007 Open Access Research of the Trait and Quality on Emergency WeChat Platform Based
More informationThe Combined Model of Gray Theory and Neural Network which is based Matlab Software for Forecasting of Oil Product Demand
The Combined Model of Gray Theory and Neural Network which is based Matlab Software for Forecasting of Oil Product Demand Song Zhaozheng 1,Jiang Yanjun 2, Jiang Qingzhe 1 1State Key Laboratory of Heavy
More informationResearch on the Construction of Risk Index System of Agricultural Products Supply Chain under E-commerce Environment
Research on the Construction of Risk Index System of Agricultural Products Supply Chain under E-commerce Environment Xianfeng Wu, Wanrong Yang School of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
More informationStudy on characteristics of water resources in Beijing in recent 15 years
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science PAPER OPEN ACCESS Study on characteristics of water resources in Beijing in recent 15 years To cite this article: L M Chuan et al 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.:
More informationProduction Scheduling System for Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Based on GIS and SCADA Technology
Production Scheduling System for Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Based on GIS and SCADA Technology Binghe Liu School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, China
More informationDesign and Research on Co-simulation Training System of Large-Scale Power Grid with Distribution Network Based on Intelligent Materials System
Design and Research on Co-simulation Training System of Large-Scale Power Grid with Distribution Network Based on Intelligent Materials System BaiShan Mei 1, XiPing Zhang 2, Jie Xu 2, and YueHong Xing
More informationDesign and key technology of coal mine safety monitoring system based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) 1
Acta Technica 62 No. 1A/2017, 179 190 c 2017 Institute of Thermomechanics CAS, v.v.i. Design and key technology of coal mine safety monitoring system based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) 1 Gao Xiaoxu
More informationAPPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS N. 38 2017 (573 580) 573 APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Jiaxin Wang Donglin Wang Department of Basic Education Beijing Polytechnic
More information100029, China. Keywords: Contaminated sites; Redevelopment; Joint supervision; Environmental risk;
Applied Mechanics and Materials Submitted: 2014-12-01 ISSN: 1662-7482, Vol. 768, pp 660-670 Accepted: 2015-02-09 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.768.660 Online: 2015-06-12 2015 Trans Tech Publications,
More informationA Multi-theory Based Definition of Key Stuff in Enterprise
A Multi-theory Based Definition of Key Stuff in Enterprise Wang Zhen, Sun Baiqing 2 School of Economics and Management, Harbin Engineering University, China, 5000 2 School of Management, Harbin Institute
More informationAnalysis and design on airport safety information management system
Analysis and design on airport system Lin Yan School of Air Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China Abstract. Airport system is the foundation of implementing safety operation,
More informationAtmospheric Climate Information for Urban Planning: Beijing Municipal Climate Center
Atmospheric Climate Information for Urban Planning: Beijing Municipal Climate Center LINWEI LIU, WENLI GUO, XIAOYI FANG BEIJING MUNICIPAL CLIMATE CENTER (BMCC) Asia l Urban Issues INTRODUCTION The Atmospheric
More informationEmergency Management of Urban Major Hazards Based on Information Synergy
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 15 (2011) 1937 1941 Advanced in Control Engineeringand Information Science Emergency Management of Urban Major Hazards Based on Information
More informationContingency Management in Big Data Era
2018 4th International Conference on Education, Management and Information Technology (ICEMIT 2018) Contingency Management in Big Data Era Zhe Li1, a, Yongchang Ren2, b 1 College of International Exchange,
More informationResearch on Investment, Financing and Financial Management of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Jiafeng Wan
2nd International Conference on Education, Management and Information Technology (ICEMIT 2015) Research on Investment, Financing and Financial Management of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Jiafeng Wan
More informationProblems and Countermeasures in Construction Quality Management of House Building Engineering
RESEARCH ARTICLE Problems and Countermeasures in Construction Quality Management of House Building Engineering Cuigang Song, Yang Liu, Changqing Zhou, Long Wen, Yunfei Zhao Chang'an University, Shijiazhuang
More informationThe Application on EPC in Project Management of Industrialized Buildings
International Conference on Applied Science and Engineering Innovation (ASEI 2015) The Application on EPC in Project Management of Industrialized Buildings Yingbo Ji 1, a, Yiwei Wang 1,b, Jianyong Lu 1,c
More informationInternational Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
1 Xidian University, School of Economics & Management, No. 2 South Taibai Road, Xi an, Shaanxi, China Risk Evaluation of Inter-Enterprise Cooperative R&D Projects Zhan Ying Abstract: Under the background
More informationFour- dimensional Model of Bookkeeping Agency Industry Innovation Development in China Shu-Hua ZENG
2016 International Conference on Service Science, Technology and Engineering (SSTE 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-351-9 Four- dimensional Model of Bookkeeping Agency Industry Innovation Development in China Shu-Hua
More informationChanges of Clothing Distribution Logistics Management RFID Technology
Science Journal of Business and Management 2016; 4(3): 72-76 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/sjbm doi: 10.11648/j.sjbm.20160403.12 ISSN: 2331-0626 (Print); ISSN: 2331-0634 (Online) Changes of Clothing
More informationStudy on Oilfield Distribution Network Reconfiguration with Distributed Generation
International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy Study on Oilfield Distribution Network Reconfiguration with Distributed Generation Fan Zhang a *, Yuexi Zhang a, Xiaoni Xin a, Lu Zhang b, Li Fan a
More informationApplication of Reverse Logistics Management in Solid Waste Disposal in Handan City
Application of Reverse Logistics Management in Solid Waste Disposal in Handan City Jie Wang * Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Urban Transportation Complex System Theory and Technology,Beijing
More informationThe Research of the Project Proprietor s Management Control of Engineering Change
SHS Web of Conferences 17, 02011 (2015 ) DOI: 10.1051/ shsconf/20151702011 C Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2015 The Research of the Project Proprietor s Management Control of Engineering
More informationSystem Dynamics Modeling for Sustainable Water Management of a Coastal Area in Shandong Province, China
Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 4 (2016) 226-234 doi: 10.17265/2159-581X/2016.04.005 D DAVID PUBLISHING System Dynamics Modeling for Sustainable Water Management of a Coastal Area in Shandong
More informationSchool of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing , P.R. China
Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscienceae 870 The Open Automation and Control Systems Journal, 04, 6, 870-874 Open Access Game Analysis and System Construction of College Students' Employment
More informationThe Evaluation Research of Corporate Brand Competitiveness in Web2.0 Environment
Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscience.ae The Open Cybernetics & Systemics Journal, 2014, 8, 1047-1051 1047 Open Access The Evaluation Research of Corporate Brand Competitiveness in Web2.0
More informationResearch on Current Situation, Problems and Countermeasures of City Marketing of China
2018 7th International Conference on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (SSEHR 2018) Research on Current Situation, Problems and Countermeasures of City Marketing of China Wang Shuie Xijing
More informationDesign of Auxiliary Decision-Making System for Power Grid Fault Disposal
Design of Auxiliary Decision-Making System for Power Grid Fault Disposal Hao Chen 1,Xinfan Jiang 1,Dijun Hu 1,Tao Wang 1 1 and Fan Zhou 1 State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company, China Abstract. Accident
More information*Corresponding author. Keywords: Logistics management specialty, Experimental course system, Local colleges and universities in Guangxi.
2016 International Conference on Education, and Applied Social Science (EMASS 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-400-4 Construction of Training Course System of Logistics Specialty of Guangxi Local Colleges and Universities
More informationSystem Dynamics Modelling of Renewable Power Generation Investment Decisions under Risk
System Dynamics Modelling of Renewable Power Generation Investment Decisions under Risk Jun Dong, Guiyuan Xue, Tiantian Feng, Dongran Liu School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power
More informationStrategic Performance Appraisal Based on BSC and SEM
1314 Strategic Appraisal Based on BSC and SEM Wang Bing, Deng Mingran, Zhao Fuqiang School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China, 430070 (E-mail: wb@bnbm.com.cn, dengmr@whut.edu.cn,
More informationHot Issues in Fire Engineering 21 December 2012
Hot Issues in Fire Engineering 21 December 2012 Need of Studying Disaster Management in Hong Kong W.K. Chow Research Centre for Fire Engineering, Department of Building Services Engineering The Hong Kong
More informationReliability Improvement of Electric Power Steering System Based on ISO 26262
2013 International Conference on Quality, Reliability, Risk, Maintenance, and Safety Engineering (QR2MSE) 2013 International Conference on Materials and Reliability (ICMR) 2013 International Conference
More informationDiscussion on the Application of BIM Technology in the Assembly Building
Discussion on the Application of BIM Technology in the Assembly Building Abstract Yuanyuan Duan a, Hongyong Liu School of Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China a 1127900583@163.com With
More informationResearch on the Scenarios and Scenario Evolution of Unconventional Emergency Management
Canadian Social Science Vol. 9, No. 5, 2013, pp. 105-109 DOI:10.3968/j.css.1923669720130905.2708 ISSN 1712-8056[Print] ISSN 1923-6697[Online] www.cscanada.net www.cscanada.org Research on the Scenarios
More informationDiscussion on the Integrated Financing Mode of EMC and Carbon Trading
Low Carbon Economy, 2014, 5, 126-131 Published Online September 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/lce http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/lce.2014.53013 Discussion on the Integrated Financing Mode of
More informationEmpirical Research on Logistics Enterprises Efficiency Based on DEA
Empirical Research on Logistics Enterprises Efficiency Based on DEA SHI Lan, WU Guangwei School of Business Administration, Guangxi University of Finance & Economics, China, 530003 148391071@qq.com Abstract:
More informationLiuzhou, Guangxi, China. *Corresponding author. Keywords: Manufacturing process, Quality management, Information technology.
2016 3 rd International Conference on Economics and Management (ICEM 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-368-7 Design and Development of Manufacturing Quality Management Information System for Auto Parts Enterprise
More informationResearch on the Project Portfolio Technology Based on Functional Objective *
usiness, 2011, 3, 130-135 doi:10.4236/ib.2011.32019 Published Online June 2011 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ib) Research on the Portfolio Technology Based on Functional Objective * Jingchun Feng 1, Xin
More information9. Vision 5: Becoming a trustworthy industry with noble aspiration
9. Vision 5: Becoming a trustworthy industry with noble aspiration Strategic points for realizing the vision Initiatives to strengthen compliance Strengthening the influence in the creation of global compliance
More informationLEGAL SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS PROJECTS IN CHINA: INTERPRETATION, ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
LEGAL SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS PROJECTS IN CHINA: INTERPRETATION, ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Wu Di 1, Wang Shouqing 2 and Cui Qingbin 3 1&2 Department of Construction Management and Hang
More informationWHITE PAPER INTEGRATED ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENTS
WHITE PAPER INTEGRATED ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENTS Background The NOAA 2005-2010 Strategic Plan highlights the importance of incorporating ecosystem principles in resource management. Specifically, a critical
More informationWater risk assessment in China based on the improved Water Risk Filter
222 Evolving Water Resources Systems: Understanding, Predicting and Managing Water Society Interactions Proceedings of ICWRS2014, Bologna, Italy, June 2014 (IAHS Publ. 364, 2014). Water risk assessment
More informationConstruction Project Management and its Control Measures
Abstract Construction Project Management and its Control Measures Jing Peng Chongqing City Vocational College, Chongqing, China, 402160 With the rapid growth of China's economy, people's living standard
More informationKeywords: Water Resources Carrying Capacity; The Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Northwest China; Research Progress.
2016 2 nd International Conference on Social Science and Development (ICSSD 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-356-4 Current Research Status and Perspective of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in the Arid and Semi-arid
More informationWater risk assessment in China based on the improved Water Risk Filter
doi:10.5194/piahs-364-222-2014 222 Evolving Water Resources Systems: Understanding, Predicting and Managing Water Society Interactions Proceedings of ICWRS2014, Bologna, Italy, June 2014 (IAHS Publ. 364,
More informationResearch of development goals on highway transportation safety in inner mongolia for building a moderately prosperous society
Acta Technica 62 (2017), No. 6A, 451 460 c 2017 Institute of Thermomechanics CAS, v.v.i. Research of development goals on highway transportation safety in inner mongolia for building a moderately prosperous
More informationRegional Collaborative Environmental Governance in Yangtze
Brief for GSDR 2016 Update Regional Collaborative Environmental Governance in Yangtze River Delta, China Qinqi Dai, Yu Yang*, Department of Public Administration, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096,
More informationRAMP Study Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
RAMP Study Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY STUDY CONTEXT AND WORK PROGRAMME Sustainable development now has critical implications for the planning, appraisal and implementation of major projects. This
More informationApplied Mathematical Modelling
Applied Mathematical Modelling 34 (2010) 2129 2135 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Applied Mathematical Modelling journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apm Study on intelligent monitoring
More informationThe Game Between Companies and Farmers in Controlling Pig Environmental Pollution
Management Science and Engineering Vol. 10, No. 3, 2016, pp. 35-40 DOI:10.3968/8620 ISSN 1913-0341 [Print] ISSN 1913-035X [Online] www.cscanada.net www.cscanada.org The Game Between Companies and Farmers
More informationResearch on Landless Peasant Sustainable Livelihood based on Data of Family Asset
Research on Landless Peasant Sustainable Livelihood based on Data of Family Asset Jiapeng Liu1,a *, Jie Liu1,b, Xiaoling Tang1,c and Jinting Wu1,d 1 China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China a
More informationSimulating Mechanism of Interaction Between Ports and Cities Based on System Dynamics: A Case of Dalian, China
Chin. Geogra. Sci. 2010 20(5) 398 405 DOI: 10.1007/s11769-010-0413-5 Simulating Mechanism of Interaction Between Ports and Cities Based on System Dynamics: A Case of Dalian, China LUAN Weixin 1, CHEN Hang
More informationThe Analysis of Marketing Strategy of Jianzhijia Chain Drugstore
The Analysis of Marketing Strategy of Jianzhijia Chain Drugstore YU CHEN 1 Abstract The aim of this paper is to comprehensively use tools and principles of strategic planning so as to analyze and develop
More informationA Study of the Application of Supply Chain Management in Construction Industry
Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) WHICEB 2013 Proceedings Wuhan International Conference on e-business Summer 5-25-2013 A Study of the Application of Supply Chain Management
More informationRisk Analysis and Control Measure of Gas Power Generation Enterprise
International Journal of Science and Qualitative Analysis 2017; 3(2): 15-22 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijsqa doi: 10.11648/j.ijsqa.20170302.12 ISSN: 2469-8156 (Print); ISSN: 2469-8164 (Online)
More informationResearch on safety management of building construction Based on BIM and Internet technology
Research on safety management of building construction Based on BIM and Internet technology Abstract Yong Yu 1, a, Xingrong Gao 2, b and Chuxuan Ren 1, c School of Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu
More informationQUANTITATIVE RISK MAPPING OF URBAN GAS PIPELINE NETWORKS USING GIS
QUANTITATIVE RISK MAPPING OF URBAN GAS PIPELINE NETWORKS USING GIS P. Azari a *, M. Karimi a a Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K.N.- Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (peymanazari1993@gmail.com;
More informationChunrong Yu, Lin Zhou, Xiaodong Liu. Changchun University, Changchun, China
Chinese Business Review, Aug. 2017, Vol. 16, No. 8, 414-418 doi: 10.17265/1537-1506/2017.08.005 D DAVID PUBLISHING Optimization Analysis of Agricultural Product Supply Chain From the Perspective of Internet
More informationInnovating sustainable building design and built environment processes
Innovating sustainable building design and built environment processes Emilia, Conte; Valeria, Monno DICATECh, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy Abstract: In this paper, we propose the concept of reliability
More informationStudy on Logistics Supply Chain of Agricultural Products from Perspective of Risk Management and Control. Junde Han
International Conference on Management Science, Education Technology, Arts, Social Science and Economics (MSETASSE 2015) Study on Logistics Supply Chain of Agricultural Products from Perspective of Risk
More informationLife-cycle risk (damage stability) management of passenger ships
Life-cycle risk (damage stability) management of passenger ships Dracos, Vassalos, Department of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Marine Engineering, University of Strathclyde Yu, Bi, Department of Naval
More informationTheory and practice of the EIA consultation information platform
Theory and practice of the EIA consultation information platform Chen Aizhong Lu li YangYe Lisa Li Shibei Zhao Xiaohong Ding Feng (1.Appraisal Center For Environment&Engineering Ministry of Environmental
More informationThe Analysis of Colleges and Universities Compensation System Reform Based on the Total Compensation Theory Bin DENG
2016 International Conference on Modern Economic Development and Environment Protection (ICMED 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-355-7 The Analysis of Colleges and Universities Compensation System Reform Based on
More informationResearch and Application of Coal Mine Enterprise Risk Information. Database. Prof. CHEN Quan, JIA Li-meng
Applied Mechanics and Materials Submitted: 2014-09-12 ISSN: 1662-7482, Vol. 696, pp 301-306 Accepted: 2014-09-26 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.696.301 Online: 2014-11-14 2015 Trans Tech Publications,
More informationResearch on Comprehensive Evaluation Index System of Software Outsourcing Personnel Training Jingxian Wang
2nd International Conference on Education, Management and Information Technology (ICEMIT 2015) Research on Comprehensive Evaluation Index System of Software Outsourcing Personnel Training Jingxian Wang
More informationDecline of groundwater table in Beijing and recognition of seismic precursory information
Earthq Sci (2009)22: 301 306 301 Doi: 10.1007/s11589-009-0301-1 Decline of groundwater table in Beijing and recognition of seismic precursory information Mingbo Yang 1,2,3, Yuehu Kang 1 and Qing Zhang
More informationResearch on Operation Mode of Intelligent Logistics Base on Fourth Party Logistics Platform
Advanced Materials Research Online: 2013-01-11 ISSN: 1662-8985, Vols. 631-632, pp 1254-1259 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.631-632.1254 2013 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Research on Operation
More informationRenewable Energy Generation Commonality Risk Analysis Model Based on the Full Life-cycle
Renewable Energy Generation Commonality Risk Analysis Model Based on the Full Life-cycle Shunkun YU 1, Guokun BAO 1, 2 1 School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing
More informationEnterprise Financial Management System Analysis and Design based on ERP Yumei Ding
International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Informatics (AMEII 2015) Enterprise Financial Management System and Design based on ERP Yumei Ding School of management, Wuhan
More informationStudy on Design of Carbon-Credit s Cost Accounting System for Manufacturing Enterprises Problems
International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling (KAM 2015) Study on Design of Carbon-Credit s Cost Accounting System for Manufacturing Enterprises Problems Chengzhi Liu, Bolun Liu, Ziang
More informationA High Level of Talent Training Mechanism Study of Innovative Industrial Clusters
A High Level of Talent Training Mechanism Study of Innovative Industrial Clusters Zhang Wei Student of Management Department Shanghai University of Engineering Science China Shi Minghong Pre-professor
More informationResearch on Emergency Resource Scheduling Decision-Making Based on Dynamic Information
Journal of Investment and Management 2017; 6(2): 60-65 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/jim doi: 10.11648/j.jim.20170602.11 ISSN: 2328-7713 (Print); ISSN: 2328-7721 (Online) Research on Emergency
More informationA System Dynamics Model for SMS Governance
A System Dynamics Model for SMS Governance Chen Li, Jiayin Qi and Huaying Shu School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, P.R. China china.lichen@gmail.com
More informationResearch Article Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on the Effect of Measures Operation for Oil-Water Well
Fuzzy Systems Volume 2011, Article ID 695690, 5 pages doi:101155/2011/695690 Research Article Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on the Effect of Measures Operation for Oil-Water Well Zhi-Bin Liu, 1, 2 Wei
More informationCrisis Evaluation and Warning Method of Water Ecosystem Based on Catastrophe Theory
2016 7th International Conference on Biology, Environment and Chemistry Volume 98 of IPCBEE (2016) DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2016. V98. 3 Crisis Evaluation and Warning Method of Water Ecosystem Based on Catastrophe
More informationUse of Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network to Predict Passenger Volume of Beijing Subway
International Conference on on Soft Computing in Information Communication Technology (SCICT 014) Use of Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network to Predict Passenger Volume of Beijing Xiaoqing Zhang,
More informationBibliometric Study on Performance Evaluation of Chinese E-Government Website
Bibliometric Study on Performance Evaluation of Chinese E-Government Website Erlei Ma 1 Kun Zhao 2 1 Information School, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China. Email: maerlei998@gmail.com
More informationAn Approach for Environmental Risk Assessment from Flood in Chemicals Substances Storages
International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 88 (2015) DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2015. V88. 17 An Approach for Environmental Risk Assessment from Flood in Chemicals
More informationSimulations and Analyses of Packaging Recycling Based on System Dynamics
International Core Journal of Engineering Vol.4 No. 8 ISSN: 44-89 Simulations and Analyses of Packaging Recycling Based on System Dynamics Lin Zhao a, Qiaolun Gu b School of Economics and Management, Tianjin
More informationBased on the coal mine's essential safety management system of safety accident cause analysis
Research article Based on the coal mine's essential safety management system of safety accident cause analysis Ping Wang Chenxin Guo Affiliation: Ping Wang, professor and master tutor of Xi'an University
More informationImpact of E- government on the Government Performance Management
2012 International Conference on Education Technology and Computer (ICETC2012) IPCSIT vol.43 (2012) (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore Impact of E- government on the Government Performance Management LIU Chang
More informationThe Construction of Indicator System for Performance Measurement of Chinese Enterprises Based on Balanced Scorecard
The Construction of Indicator System for Performance Measurement of Chinese Enterprises Based on Balanced Scorecard Yong Cheng 1 1 School of Business Administration, Shenyang University, Shenyang, China
More informationA New Risk Forecasting Model of Financial Information System Based on Fitness Genetic Optimization Algorithm and Grey Model
265 A publication of CHMICAL NGINRING TRANSACTIONS VOL. 46, 2015 Guest ditors: Peiyu Ren, Yancang Li, Huiping Song Copyright 2015, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l., ISBN 978-88-95608-37-2; ISSN 2283-9216 The Italian
More informationStudy on the Improvement of Fresh Electricity. Suppliers Cold Chain Logistics Service
Journal of Service Science and Management, 2016, 9, 477-484 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jssm ISSN Online: 1940-9907 ISSN Print: 1940-9893 Study on the Improvement of Fresh Electricity Suppliers Cold Chain
More informationThe study of the cooperation evolution between school-enterprises on dynamic force model
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2013, 5(11):254-259 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 The study of the evolution between school-enterprises
More informationApplication of Low-low Temperature Electrostatic Precipitator Technology in Thermal Power Plant
2017 2nd International Conference on Environmental Science and Engineering (ESE 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-474-5 Application of Low-low Temperature Electrostatic Precipitator Technology in Thermal Power Plant
More informationAn Analysis of Water Environment Factors and an Evaluation of Water Quantity of Liangzi Lake
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2016, 4, 44-51 Published Online July 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gep.2016.47006 An Analysis of Water Environment
More informationAIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Association for Information Systems. jiaxin Li School of Economics and Management, Dalian Jiao Tong University, China
Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) WHICEB 2014 Proceedings Wuhan International Conference on e-business Summer 6-1-2014 Research on Operating Mechanism of Collaborative
More informationStudy on Promoting Significance of Big Data Analysis for E-commerce Marketing
2017 4th International Conference on Business, Economics and Management (BUSEM 2017) Study on Promoting Significance of Big Data Analysis for E-commerce Marketing Xiaoming Lou Jinhua Polylechnic, Jinhua
More informationInternational Journal of Business and Management
A Research on the Development of Rural Banks and the Relief of Rural Financial Difficulties --Taking Chengdu as a Sample Experiment Zone of Comprehensive Reform Package to Balance Urban and Rural Development
More information1688. Study on the dynamic response of subway tunnel by viaduct collapsing vibration and the protective measures of reducing vibration
1688. Study on the dynamic response of subway tunnel by viaduct collapsing vibration and the protective measures of reducing vibration Huabing Zhao 1, Yuan Long 2, Chong Ji 3, Xinghua Li 4, Mingshou Zhong
More informationThe Sustainable Development System Structural Model of Shaanxi Coal Industry
The Sustainable Development System Structural Model of Shaanxi Coal Industry Li Guo (Corresponding author) Energy Economy and Management Research Center, Xi an University of Science and Technology Tel:
More informationFinite Element Analysis of the O-ring Squeezed into the Sealing Clearance Based on ABAQUS
2017 Asia-Pacific Engineering and Technology Conference (APETC 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-443-1 Finite Element Analysis of the O-ring Squeezed into the Sealing Clearance Based on ABAQUS Liejiang Wei, Qinghui
More informationCondition-Based Maintenance Decision-making Support System (DSS) of Hydropower Plant
International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies ISSN 2028-9324 Vol. 4 No. 3 Nov. 2013, pp. 593-602 2013 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals http://www.issr-journals.org/ijias/ Condition-Based
More informationLife Cycle Assessment-based method of Excessive Commodity Packaging on Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction
Energy and Power Engineering, 2013, 5, 1429-1434 doi:10.4236/epe.2013.54b271 Published Online July 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/epe) Life Cycle Assessment-based method of Excessive Commodity Packaging
More informationAnalysis of Enterprise Environment Cost Management under Perspective of Low Carbon Economy Jing Zhang
International Conference on Education Technology and Social Science (ICETSS 2014) Analysis of Enterprise Environment Cost Management under Perspective of Low Carbon Economy Jing Zhang Department of International
More informationResearch on the Effects of Foundation Excavation by the Environment
2015 2 nd International Conference on Material Engineering and Application (ICMEA 2015) ISBN: 978-1-60595-323-6 Research on the Effects of Foundation Excavation by the Environment Manxia Wu 1, Wen Wang
More informationLecture-9. Importance of forecasting: Almost every organization, large or small, public or private uses. Types of forecasts:
Purpose of forecasting: The main purpose of modeling a time series is to make forecasts which are then are used directly for making decisions, such as developing staff schedules for running a production
More information