Final report for GSGES Short-term Program Kyoto University, Japan

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Paula Sharp
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2015) Affiliation : GSGES Supervisors in

1 Final report for GSGES Short-term Program Kyoto University, Japan 24 th September, 2015 Outlines Self introduction Research topic in Mahidol University Activities during stay in Kyoto Kyoto life: Foods, travelling, festivals Benefits and difficulty of studying in Kyoto University Acknowledgement 1/9 Introduction 2/16 Name : Chanidaporn Hongkachok Country : Thailand Duration time in Japan : 6 months (2 nd April 29 th September, 2015) Affiliation : GSGES Supervisors in Kyoto : Prof. Shigeo FUJII and Assoc. Prof. Shuhei TANAKA Current study topic : Study on Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in groundwater in Thailand

Research topic in Mahidol University 3/16 Topic : Study on Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in groundwater in Thailand Objectives : 1.

To specify the potential sources of contaminations 2 1,000 <100 20,000 4,000 110,000 n.d.

packaging Protective coating PFCs related

2 Research topic in Mahidol University 3/16 Topic : Study on Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in groundwater in Thailand Objectives : 1. To optimize PFOS and PFOA analytical methods for groundwater samples 2. To investigate PFOS and PFOA concentrations in groundwater 3. To specify the potential sources of contaminations 2 1,000 <100 20,000 4, ,000 n.d. 105, <1 42,220 <1 4,470 Fire extinguisher Food packaging Protective coating PFCs related products (Brooke et al., 2004) n.d. 6,570, n.d. 116,000 PFOS PFOA PFOS PFOA PFOS and PFOA levels in groundwater around the world (ng/l) PFCs regulations 4/ PFCs have been firstly concerned by 3M Company 2002 U.S. EPA issued two Significant New Use Rules (SNURs) under the Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) to restrict the return of 88 PFOSrelated chemicals 2006 U.S. EPA issued PFOA stewardship program 2010/1015. The German Drinking Water Commission (TWK) set a health based guide value for safe lifelong exposure at 0.3 μg/l 2007 U.S. EPA finalized a SNUR on 183 PFAs chemicals believed to no longer manufactured (including imported) or used in the United States 2009 U.S. EPA set short term provisional health advisory values for PFOA and PFOS of 0.4 and 0.2 g/l, respectively PFOS, its salt were added to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Stockholm Convention Annex B Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) has set PFOS and PFOA levels in drinking water at 0.3 g/l U.S. EPA proposed a SNUR under the Toxic Substances Control Act to require manufacturers to notify EPA at least 90 days before starting or resuming new uses of these chemicals in any products Present No regulation related to PFCs in Thailand

3 Why I focus on groundwater in Thailand? 5/16 1 Groundwater consumption ➁ Groundwater contamination Private company, 39,423 Ayutthaya Prachinburi Government, 313,060 No. of groundwater well (Total = 352,483 wells) Samutprakarn Chachengsao Chonburi Rayong >70% served for domestic consumption Major spots of insanitation dumping sites Source: Department of Groundwater Resources, Pollution Control Department Activities during stay in Kyoto 6/16 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 1. Attendance of 6 classes (10 credits in total) 2. Research proposal has been written and already submitted to Thai supervisor Background information and statement of problems Literature reviews Materials and methods 3. Field trip at Osaka 4. Field trip at Wakayama 5. Surveyed at Shiga prefecture 6. Studied about PFCs lab work procedure 7. Lab trip at Shirahama 8. Enjoy eating Japanese foods and traveling in Kyoto and surrounded areas

Activities and outcomes 7/16 Activities Attendance of

knowledge I had new friends from several countries

written and already submitted to Thai supervisor

Literature reviews Materials and methods Activities and

water treatment plant Hirakata incineration plant

technologies I learned about water treatment and

Field trip at Wakayama Hirakata incineration plant I

4 Activities and outcomes 7/16 Activities Attendance of six classes Outcomes I learned and obtained new knowledge I had new friends from several countries Writing research proposal Research proposal has been written and already submitted to Thai supervisor Background information and statement of problems Literature reviews Materials and methods Activities and outcomes 8/16 Activities Field trip at Osaka Murano water treatment plant Hirakata incineration plant Outcomes I was excited to see new and high performance technologies I learned about water treatment and incineration processes Murano water treatment plant Field trip at Wakayama Hirakata incineration plant I learned about the local knowledge I enjoyed plum picking I learned how to make umeboshi and ume juice Plum picking

Activities and outcomes 9/16 Activities Conducted

August, 10 th Outcomes I can apply these

Kyoto Industrial wastewater Omoi river 2.

Kept samples in cooler box and brought to the

Activities Analyzed PFCs from the collected

and analytical methods I understood how to use

procedure for my research Loading into Oasis WAX

1% NH 4 OH methanol, 2 ml methanol Drying with

methanol Shaking 140 rpm, 30 min Reconstitution

5 Activities and outcomes 9/16 Activities Conducted asurvey at Omoi River, Shiga prefecture on August, 10 th Outcomes I can apply these techniques for my research Biwa lake 1. Rinsed a container with water sample 3. Measured a temperature, ph, and conductivity Kyoto Industrial wastewater Omoi river 2. Filled bottle with a sample 4. Kept samples in cooler box and brought to the laboratory Activities and outcomes 10/16 Activities Analyzed PFCs from the collected sample Outcomes I understood PFCs pre treatment and analytical methods I understood how to use equipment and instruments I can apply these procedure for my research Loading into Oasis WAX cartridge by SPE technique Elution 2 ml 0.1% NH 4 OH methanol, 2 ml methanol Drying with Nitrogen gas Drying by freeze dryer Add 5 ml methanol Shaking 140 rpm, 30 min Reconstitution with 40% ACN Extraction with 0.2 m syringe filter, ENVI Carb cartridge HPLC MS/MS Reconstitution with 40% ACN Filtered samples PFCs pre treatment HPLC MS/MS analysis

6 Activities and outcomes: Results and discussion 11/16 Biwa lake Total PFCs in solid phase Total PFCs in dissolved phase PFOA, 7.7 % PFOS, 18.5 % PFOS, 65.2 % PFOA, 51.6 % PFHxA, 8.6 % PFHpA, 8.7 % 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 834 PFCs were found in all samples The highest concentration of 12 PFCs was found at sampling point No.7, where the factory is located Omoi river Down stream 10 Solid phase Dissolved phase Discharged point 194 Total PFCs concentrations (ng/l) There are 2 assumptions PFCs was diluted by water flow PFCs remained in sediment or possibly percolate to soils Up stream Kyoto life: Foods 12/16

7 Kyoto life: Travelling 13/16 Osaka Castle Ginkakuji Temple Kaiyukan Aquarium Kiyomizu Temple Kinkakuji Temple Fushimi Inari Shrine Himeji Castle Ayashiyama Kyoto life: Festivals 14/16 Gion Matsuri Biwa Lake Fireworks Shimogamo Shrine Kyoto Tanabata

Benefits and difficulty of studying in Kyoto University 15/16 Benefits Gained new

friends for future study Learned to stay and worked with people who are from

vicinity cities Had a good friendship Difficulty Sometime, language is a bit

would like to express my thankfulness To Kyoto University for supporting the

Shigeo FUJII Assoc. Prof. Shuhei TANAKA To my academic supervisor: Assist. Prof. Suwanna Boontanon To Ph.

8 Benefits and difficulty of studying in Kyoto University 15/16 Benefits Gained new knowledge in environmental field Got a connection with Japanese teachers and friends for future study Learned to stay and worked with people who are from different countries Obtained advices from Japanese supervisor to do the research Learned Japanese culture e.g. festivals, foods, Japanese life Travelled to beautiful places in Kyoto and vicinity cities Had a good friendship Difficulty Sometime, language is a bit difficult to communicate Hanami party BBQ party Lab trip Acknowledgement 16/16 I would like to express my thankfulness To Kyoto University for supporting the scholarship To my Japanese supervisors: Prof. Shigeo FUJII Assoc. Prof. Shuhei TANAKA To my academic supervisor: Assist. Prof. Suwanna Boontanon To Ph.D Gaku MASUDA for his helping and attention To the members of Fujii laboratory for their supports during stay in Kyoto University Thank you very much for your kind attention

BEMIDJI CITY COUNCIL Work Session Agenda Monday, February 12, 2018

BEMIDJI CITY COUNCIL Work Session Agenda Monday, February 12, 2018 City Hall Conference Room 5:30 P.M. 1. CALL TO ORDER / ROLL CALL 2. CLOSE THE MEETING: In accordance with Minnesota Statute Section 13D.05,