A Parameter Monitoring And Control Of Grain Storage By Embedded System

Transcription

1 Reviewed Paper Volume 2 Issue 11 July 2015 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research ISSN (Online): A Parameter Monitoring And Control Of Grain Storage By Embedded System Paper ID IJIFR/ V2/ E11/ 037 Page No Subject Area Key Words Humidity, Zigbee, Temperature, CO 2, Grains, ARM11 Electronic & Tele Comm. Engg. Received On Accepted On Published On S.G. Galande 1 Dr. G.H. Agrawal 2 M.S. Anap Associate Professor, Department of Electronic & Tele Communication Engg. Parvara Rural Engineering College, Loni-Maharashtra Professor & Dean, KDK College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra M.Tech. Student Department of Electronic & Tele Communication Engg. Parvara Rural Engineering College, Loni-Maharashtra Abstract Grain storage is plays very important role in the economy and the overall development of the society. In that main thing is quality and safety of grain storage are sub related to the hundreds or millions of society people. Now in India form last decade grains storages problems occurs in rainy season. In the process of grain storage, temperature and humidity are two major factors that can produce an direct effect on the grain quality. Therefore, this parameters should maintenance becomes very important issue in front of us. Temperature, humidity must be monitor by real-time system. Due to the seasonality of grain production, the storage of grain is on top priority task it relates to people life. Now, we are still using our old method of storing the crops and because of this grains are spoiling soon. Also, we are unable to maintain the quality of the stored grains. To overcome these problems, the automatic monitoring of the grain storage based on ARM11 and ZIGBEE is implemented in which it helps us to improve the levels of grains storage and reduce the grain losses during storage procedure and reduce the labour intensity also. The sensors collect the information from environment, the collected signals through the analog to digital conversions. These conversions are sent to central processing server on computer. The central server display the values of temperature, humidity and co2 values and using Zigbee to achieve the system's remote control. Copyright IJIFR

2 1. Introduction The aim of the work described in this project is to design and implement the granary environmental monitoring system based on ARM11 and ZIGBEE which can be used in large granaries. This project is used for economical, low power consumption. Grain storage is an important role in the economy and the society. Due to the seasonality of its production, the storage of grain is the top priority event which relates to people livelihood. In the process of grain storage temperature and humidity are two ecological factors that can produce an effect on the grain quality; the parameters of temperature, humidity must be in lacking errors and real-time monitoring by supervisory systems in large granaries. The automatic monitoring of the grain will help us to improve the operation levels grain storage, reduce the grain losses and reduce the labour intensity. This project designs an automatic environment monitoring system and control system of the granary combining embedded and Zigbee wireless sensor network. Zigbee wireless sensor network can be used to complete acquisition and transmission of environment parameters and ARM11 is used to achieve precise control of data controller and Zigbee achieve the system's remote control, it greatly improves the flexibility and scalability of the warehouse management which sends available data to grain depot manager in time and filters invalid data on the spot. It can be saves a lot of manpower and material resources and improves labour productivity. This project is to use the technology in a closed environment for forming or agriculture industry to maintain the quality and to increase the productivity. The objective is to use embedded technology in storage procedure to maintain the quality and to increase the productivity. The system is being implemented as technical solution to monitor the current condition and controlling made easy by using wireless Zigbee and GSM technology. Sensors are used to collect the environmental information namely temperature, humidity, CO2 and light intensity. To overcome these problems, the automatic monitoring of the grain storage based on ARM11 and ZIGBEE is implemented which helps us to improve the operation levels of grains storage and reduce the grain losses during storage procedure and reduce the labour intensity. 2. Scheme of implementation Figure 1: Implementation Structure 4173

3 A grain monitoring is a complex system. It consists of many environmental factors that affect the development of grainy products. Some of these environment factors are interconnected and they should be considered together while others can be considered individually. Therefore, it was essential to know which environmental factors affect one another in order to have sensor outputs configured correctly. One such example is where humidity values are related to temperature. The system being developed is based around the Zigbee modules in order to communicate data to a selected Server. Parameter Measurement: Combining these two parameters and gas content such as CO2and O2, a more comprehensive analysis about the activities of pests and mildews in the granary will be submitted to the staff members. Then, the administrators can take actions for ventilation or cooling by granary operating devices according the analysis. These measures will reduce the use of pesticides due to their toxic effects on nature and potential to cause pollution. This changing was known as a green grain storage project to ensure the quality and safety of grain in the granary. Therefore, the parameters of temperature, humidity and gas content must be in accurate and real- time monitoring by supervisory systems in large granaries. Temperature Sensor: Temperature sensor is connected to channel 0 of ARM11 microcontroller. This sensor gives a variable output voltage with respect to the temperature variations in a greenhouse. The LM-35 is used as temperature sensor which is a precision integrated circuit temperature sensor, calibrated directly in Celsius (Centigrade), Linear mv/ C scale factor with accuracy 0.5 C (at +25 C) with rating ranging from -55 to +150 C range. Here we have to set the minimum temperature and maximum temperature values. Humidity Sensor: Humidity is the quantity of water content in atmosphere. Humidity sensor is connected to channel 1 of ARM11 microcontroller. The sensor output is a variable voltage with respect to humidity level and expressed in terms of %. The SY-HS- 220 humidity sensor is used which converts relative humidity to the output voltage with operating humidity range30% - 90% RH and accuracy is ± 5% RH (at +25 C). In normal condition the humidity will be around 50% to 70%. Here, we have to set the minimum humidity and maximum humidity values. Light Sensor: Light sensor is nothing but a light dependent resistor (LDR) in which the resistance will vary with respect to the light intensity that falls on it. Light sensor is connected to channel 2 of ARM7 microcontroller. LDR is a variable resistor and its output will be read in terms of lux. The light dependent resistor is used to detect the light intensity. This sensor will give a variable output voltage with respect to the light intensity variations in a greenhouse. It has two cadmium supplied photoconductive cells with spectral responses. The cell resistance falls with increasing light intensity and it can detect the minimum light intensity i.e. moonlight 0.1 lux. CO2 Sensor: This sensor is used to sense the concentration of CO2 in a greenhouse. This sensor is also used as gas sensor to detect the smoke if occurs in greenhouse. CO2 sensor is connected to channel 3 of ARM7 microcontroller. This sensor will give a variable output voltage with respect to the variations of CO2 concentration in a greenhouse. MQ-7 sensor is used as CO2 sensor which has high sensitivity to LPG, natural gas, sensitivity to alcohol, smoke. The CO2 concentration detection range is 200ppm to 10,000ppm.The concentration of CO2 can be expressed in terms of PPM or in percentage. 4174

4 3. Monitoring system for grain storage In the proposed implementation, the lower computer terminals report the grain monitoring sensor signals remotely to the host computers. The host computers database server records the status of grain storage in time based tables and performs any required data analysis. For example, the analysis about the activities of pests and mildews in the granary will be submitted to administrators according the data in the database tables. Besides, the lower computer terminals also receive and execute commands from the host computers to take actions for ventilation or cooling. The terminals are usually interfaced to host computers through high-speed Ethernet using the TCP/IP protocol. Moreover, GPRS connectivity is also implemented to allow users with different choice to access the status of the grain in the granary when the cable network crashes accidentally. The monitoring systems software used in the host computer is divided into three components Database management system (DBMS). The database is created using SQL Server. It consists of a set of inter-related tables such as grain situation information tables, input and output tables and a log table which holds various stations activities. The application components, which are implemented mainly using.net framework, manage the communication between the user interface and the database management system. The program responds to the user's request through various modules. These modules consist of the grain data processing and query module, grain situation prediction module, user management module, alarms and events module, GPRS module and so on. I. User interface : The user interface used in the Client allows users to manipulate the database and to achieve different functions. The administrator depending on his rank can perform activities such as viewing grain situation, processing data, viewing admin logs, printing grain situation reports as well as controlling the granary operating devices via an Ethernet or a GPRS network. The proposed lower computer terminals receive and execute commands remotely from clients located in control room. This remote accessibility provides several advantages over more traditional solutions. For example, the grain situation can easily be viewed and analyzed remotely; also administrators can have remote access to the operating device in the granary and hence allowing for remote configurability of granary temperature, humidity via the Ethernet or GPRS. II. The Sensor Node: An important aspect of the design was its compact size where the Zigbee module wasused as the key element of the sensor node. The sensor node consists of the following: ARM 11, Zigbee, Sensors Zigbee:- Zigbee is a specification of a joint of high level wireless communication protocols based on the wireless personal area network (PAN) standard IEEE Its goal is the applications that require reliable communications, due to mesh topology, with low data transmission rate and long live batteries. Zigbee can be used in several types of applications as automation and security control, control of end devices as mouse or keyboards, remote control of electronic devices, monitoring patients or elder lies but the main and most successful is home automation. ARM 11:- The ARM11 micro architecture introduced the ARMv6 architectural additions which had been announced in October These include SIMD media instructions, multiprocessor support and new cache architecture. The implementation included a significantly improved instruction 4175

5 processing pipeline, compared to previous ARM9 or ARM10 families, and is used in smart phones from Apple, Nokia, and others. The initial ARM11 core was released to licensees in October The ARM11 family is currently the only ARMv6-architecture cores. There are however ARMv6-M cores (Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M1), addressing microcontroller applications; ARM11 cores target more demanding applications. Features of ARM 11:- RJ 45 i.e. Ethernet connector Memory Card, USB Support 32 bit, 64 pin IC Inbuilt ADC, code memory 5MB Linux OS support used as the key element of the sensor node. 4. Flow chart Figure 1: Flow Chart Of System 4176

6 5. Monitoring Of Grain Storage For the monitoring the parameter and then controlling the parameter we set the some limit for the each parameter i.e. Humidity, Temperature, CO2 gas. In our project we chose the maximum range of the room temperature 36 degree and minimum range is of 28 degree. When the temperature of the room above the 36 degree then system will turn on the Fan. The fan is turn off when the temperature goes below the 28 degree temperature. Now the second parameter is Humidity, we set the limit of humidity as lower limit 60 and upper limit 99. When the room humidity level cross the upper limit then the heater will turn off, and for the lower limit of the humidity heater will turn on. The consternation of the humidity goes increasing as there is degradation in the grain quality so we chose the CO2 consternation level should be greater than 30 ppm. SO when this consternation is greater than our limit we have to think about the storage of the grain.. Table 1: Specifications of various grains humidity and temperature level for safe and long term storage various grains Various Grain Temperature Humidity Wheat Rice Maize Figure 2: Temperature Variations Advantages Proposed method is centralized which measures various physical quantity such as humidity, temperature, gas sensor, Motion sensor. All the parameters are monitored at the central server and can be controlled from the one position. Due to the availability of the Zigbee internet does not required The safe grain storage was observed at CO2 concentrations of 400 to 500 ppm. 4177

7 6. Conclusion ISSN (Online): This project work aimed at designing the environment and controlling system with good performance, clear structure and good scalability. Our project is based on ARM11 and ZIGBEE wireless communication and sensor technology. In this Zigbee network is used to transferring data, it can guarantee the data collected transmitted to user, real-time at environmental timely and make right decisions. The system not only save the energy consumption but also reduce the labor intensity and material resources. Applying embedded technology and Zigbee wireless transceiver technology to the rapid deployment system of the incident detection of emergency food storage without complicated connections. It enhances the system flexibility, small size, low cost and good effective. This embedded monitoring system has predominant ability in flexibility and reliability that it can adapt to the complex environment in large granaries Future Scope This project will be the very useful for our Indian government to store the grains in shade, by using this concept we can take care of our grains that we are storing many years in warehouse. Also we can keep their quality as it is. References [1] VinaySambhajiSuryawanshi, Mahesh S. Kumbhar, "Real Time Monitoring & ControllingSystem for Food Grain Storage,"Volume 3, Special Issue 3, March 2014,pp [2] Hemanth Kumar G, Manjunathlakkannavar, "The Design of Granary Environmental Monitoring and Control System Based On ARM9 and ZIGBEE," pp [3] Xuedong Zhang, Xiujuan Li, Jie Zhang, "HDesign and Implementation of Embedded Monitoring System for Grain Storage," [4] Andreas Savvides, Mani Srivastava, Lewis Girod, Deborah Estrin, Localization in sensor networks, Wireless sensor networks, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, [5] Ma Jun, Cao Zhi-Yan, Design on Intelligent Node of Industrial Ethernet Based on ARM, icicta, vol. 3, pp , 2009 Second International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation, [6] DaogangPeng, Hao Zhang, Kai Zhang, Hui Li, Fei Xia, Research of the embedded dynamic web monitoring system based on EPA protocol and ARM Linux, iccsit, pp , nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology, [7] Yang Lu-gang, Luo Yong, A Design of Communication Equipment Simulator Based on ARM and Finite-State Machine, iita, vol. 2, pp , 2009 Third International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application, [8] Daniel Pierre Bovet, Marco Cassetti, Andy Oram, Understanding the Linux Kernel, O'Reilly& Associates, Inc., Sebastopol, CA, [9] LinZhong, Niraj K. Jha, Graphical user interface energy characterization for handheld computers, pp , 4178