Environmental Product Declaration for Tork, Purex and Sorbent Toilet Tissue

Transcription

1 Environmental Product Declaration for Tork, Purex and Sorbent Toilet Tissue Produced under the Australasian EPD Programme in accordance with ISO EPD registration number: S-P Version 1.3 of 16/03/2017. Approved 29/06/2016. Valid until 29/06/2019. Reference year: 2014 calendar year. Geographical scope: Australia and New Zealand.

2 is a leading Personal Care and Hygiene company that operates in Australia, New Zealand and Fiji. The company manufactures, markets, distributes and sells essential, everyday consumer products across the feminine care, incontinence care, baby care, consumer tissue and professional hygiene product categories. s portfolio of market-leading brands includes Sorbent, Handee, Purex, Libra, TENA, Tork, Treasures, Deeko, Viti and Orchid. Some of the Company s brands have been in the market for over 60 years and its products are used daily in households and businesses across Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and several other countries in the Pacific region. employs approximately 1,000 people who work together to make it easier for hygiene, health and wellbeing to be part of everyday life. For more information, visit Brands in this Environmental Product Declaration Tork is the leading global brand in professional hygiene. From toilet tissue in universities to sports stadiums and hospitals, Tork delivers a great experience for the user and a convenient experience for the buyer. Tork is dedicated to serving your needs in a sustainable way saving you time, money and effort, so you can focus on what matters most to your business. Originally launched in Australia in 1952, Sorbent has become one of the bestknown and loved brands of toilet tissue. Following its success in Australia, Sorbent was introduced to New Zealanders in the late 90s and became a much loved addition to the bathrooms of loyal consumers wanting a premium toilet tissue. In 2014, due to overwhelming New Zealand demand, Sorbent began local manufacturing in Kawerau, New Zealand. Purex was born in Founded on Kiwi ingenuity and harnessing the local Kawarau resources, Purex was the first New Zealand toilet roll that was both soft and strong, helping to make life a little more comfortable for all New Zealand families. Purex grew to be loved and trusted in homes across New Zealand and has been the No.1 choice for them for many years. Today, true to our values, we endeavour to tiptoe on the environment, nurturing and protecting our world for today and tomorrow s generations. 2

3 Sustainability a core part of how we do business Sustainability is built into our Tork, Sorbent and Purex toilet tissue products from the start: We begin with 100% responsibly-sourced, non-controversial pulp. Our pulp is sourced from socially and environmentally sustainable forests in line with Forest Stewardship Council (FSC ) standards, helping protect forests for present and future generations. The pulp that enters our Kawerau paper machines is from 100% FSC certified sources, with a maximum of 30% FSC Controlled Wood sources. We then manufacture paper locally, using a large share of renewable energy. We are proud to manufacture the products in this Environmental Product Declaration in Kawerau, New Zealand. Our Kawerau operation is certified to ISO 9001, ISO 14001, AS/NZS 4801:2001 and FSC Chain of Custody. In 2010, we replaced most of our natural gas consumption with geothermal steam in an ongoing partnership with Ngāti Tūwharetoa Geothermal Assets. In addition, our site s electricity comes from the New Zealand grid, comprised of 80% renewable energy in 2014 (MBIE 2015). Consequently, since 2009 we have more than halved the greenhouse gas emissions generated from our operation at Kawerau. We focus on continuous improvement and at Kawerau we have reduced energy consumption by 20% since 2005 and water consumption by 14% since 2010 for every tonne of tissue paper we produce. This EPD helps to demonstrate s commitment to sustainability and complements our work with eco-label organisations such as FSC and Environmental Choice New Zealand. Paper Mill Kawerau, New Zealand 3

4 Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) An Environmental Product Declaration, or EPD, is a standardised and verified way of quantifying the environmental impacts of a product based on a consistent set of rules known as a PCR (Product Category Rules). Environmental Product Declarations within the same product category from different EPD programmes may not be comparable. Products covered by this EPD All products in this EPD are covered by the following industry classifications: ANZSIC v1.0 C Sanitary Paper Product Manufacturing and UN CPC v Toilet or facial tissue stock, towel or napkin stock and similar paper, cellulose wadding and webs of cellulose fibres. Tork Soft Conventional Toilet Roll T4 400 Sheet Advanced (48 Pack) Two ply, white toilet tissue Dimensions: 10.0 cm wide x 44.0 m long (400 sheets) Net weight per roll: 150 g Article: 234 Also available in 4s and 16s without the individual wrapping Tork Soft Jumbo Toilet Roll T1 Advanced (6 Pack) Two ply, white toilet tissue Dimensions: 9.0 cm wide x m long (continuous roll) Net weight per roll: 757 g Article: Tork Soft Mini Jumbo Toilet Roll T2 Advanced (12 Pack) Two ply, white toilet tissue Dimensions: 9.2 cm wide x m long (continuous roll) Net weight per roll: 650 g Article: Sorbent Silky White Long Toilet Roll (4 Pack) Two ply, white toilet tissue Dimensions: 10.0 cm wide x 30.0 m long (285 sheets) Net weight per roll: 140 g Article: Also available in 8 rolls 4

5 Products covered by this EPD (continued) Sorbent Hypo-Allergenic Toilet Roll (4 Pack) Two ply, white toilet tissue Contains no inks, dyes or fragrances Dimensions: 10.0 cm wide x 19.7 m long (180 sheets) Net weight per roll: 93 g Article: Sorbent Hypo-Allergenic Toilet Roll (12 Pack) Two ply, white toilet tissue Contains no inks, dyes or fragrances Dimensions: 10.0 cm wide x 19.7 m long (180 sheets) Net weight per roll: 93 g Article: Purex Toilet Roll (12 Pack) Two ply, white toilet Dimensions: 9.9 cm wide x 22.0 m long (200 sheets) Net weight per roll: 75 g Article: Also available in 4s, 18s, 24s and Décor print Purex Mega Toilet Roll (4 Pack) Two ply, white toilet tissue Dimensions: 9.9 cm wide x 49.5 m long (450 sheets) Net weight per roll: 168 g Article: Also available in 6s (below), 12s and Décor print Purex Mega Toilet Roll (6 Pack) Two ply, white toilet tissue Dimensions: 9.9 cm wide x 49.5 m long (450 sheets) Net weight per roll: 168 g Article: Also available in 4s (above), 12s and Décor print 5

6 Life cycle of toilet tissue products Upstream processes Forestry Energy Chemicals Packaging Pulp production Energy Core processes Toilet tissue production Converting and packaging Distribution Energy Downstream processes Use End of life Chemicals This EPD covers the full life cycle of toilet tissue from cradle-to-grave. The life cycle starts with (1) forestry to grow wood fibre, (2) production of the chemicals needed to make paper from wood fibre, (3) production of packaging materials, and (4) production of energy for these process steps. These are the upstream processes. Wood chips/residues, chemicals and fuels are transported to pulp mills, where wood pulp is made from wood fibre. This pulp is then transported to s paper mill where it is formed into paper, cut to size ( converted ), packaged and then warehoused. These steps also require energy to be produced, and for both solid waste and wastewater to be treated. These are the core processes. Finally, packaged toilet tissue is transported to customers. As the use of a toilet tissue has no direct environmental impacts, use is not included in this EPD. The final step is end-of-life, where the toilet tissue goes to a wastewater treatment facility and the packaging waste is disposed. These are the downstream processes. 6

7 Key parameters and assumptions for the LCA Functional unit: 1 tonne (1000 kg) of toilet tissue as delivered, plus packaging. Manufacturing site: All products are manufactured in Kawerau, New Zealand. Distribution to customer: Distribution from the manufacturing plant to customer via Asaleo Care s warehouses is based on a sales-weighted average of the distances travelled in each transport mode (truck and container ship). End of life: 100% of toilet tissue is assumed to go to a municipal wastewater treatment plant. As there are no readily available average wastewater treatment life cycle inventories for Australia or New Zealand, the LCA model is based on Auckland s plants (Watercare, 2013). The electricity mix and sludge treatment have been adapted to reflect average Australian and New Zealand conditions. This results in electricity use of 1.15 MWh/t dry biosolids in Australia and 1.40 MWh/t in New Zealand. Direct emissions have been calculated based on the average elemental composition of paper from the Phyllis2 database (ECN 2012) 50.2% C, 42.5% O, 6.9% H, 0.3% N and 0.1% S as no product-specific data were available. This absolute-dry composition has been adjusted to 10% water content in line with the international definition of air-dry paper. The split of treatment between Australia and New Zealand is determined by annual product sales figures from % of polyethylene film packaging is assumed to go to landfill. While film packaging can be recycled in some locations, this practice is currently limited in Australia and New Zealand. 77% of paper and cardboard packaging is assumed to be recycled, with the remainder landfilled. This is based on the Australian average for (APC 2014). The recycling rate in New Zealand is likely to be similar, but is not available due to uncertainties (PCNZ 2015). No credits are applied for recycling paper or cardboard in line with the PCR (IEPDS 2015). All landfill and recycling assumes truck transport of 50 km outbound with an empty backhaul. Biogenic carbon emissions from wastewater treatment: Chemical oxygen demand (COD) from toilet tissue is approximated by theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD), calculated following OECD (1992) as mg O2 / mg paper. Emissions rates for Australia and New Zealand were calculated as 1,406 kg CO2 and 27 kg CH4 per air-dry tonne of paper for Australia (based primarily on Australian Government 2015) and 1,333 kg CO2 and 39 kg CH4 for New Zealand (following New Zealand Government 2015). Data for core processes: Primary (specific) data were collected from and our pulp suppliers as per the PCR (IEPDS 2015). Data are an annual average for the 2014 calendar year. Mono-nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been modelled as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and Total Reduced Sulfur (TRS) has been modelled as hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Data for upstream and downstream processes: Secondary (generic) data were used for forestry, chemical production, packaging materials and electricity, as allowed under the PCR (IEPDS 2015). All data are from the GaBi Life Cycle Inventory Database 2016 and are typically representative of the years 2012 to 2015, depending on the dataset (thinkstep 2016). Electricity mixes: All electricity is based on national averages for 2012 from the GaBi Life Cycle Inventory Database 2016 (thinkstep 2016). Allocation: Where required, co-product allocation using the most relevant physical quantity (mass, energy or exergy) was applied for core processes. Allocation rules for secondary data (upstream/downstream processes) are documented on the GaBi website (thinkstep 2016). Recycling allocation follows the polluter pays principle in line with AEPDP (2015). Cut-off criteria: Environmental impacts relating to personnel, infrastructure, and production equipment not directly consumed in the process are excluded from the system boundary as per the PCR (IEPDS 2015). All other reported data were incorporated and modelled using the best available life cycle inventory data. 7

8 Environmental indicators Indicator Global Warming Potential (GWP) Acidification Potential (AP) Eutrophication Potential (EP) Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) Water Primary Energy Demand (PED) Description Also known as carbon footprint, GWP is the potential of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane to increase absorption of heat reaching Earth s atmosphere, intensifying the natural greenhouse effect. Net emissions from fossil and biogenic sources are reported separately within this EPD. Biogenic GWP includes the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as trees grow and the release of this carbon at end-of-life. The potential of emissions to cause acidifying effects in the environment, typically due to acid rain. Potential downstream effects include fish mortality, forest decline and the deterioration of building materials. The potential of emissions such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to contribute to excessively high nutrient levels in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, which can cause undesirable shifts in species composition and elevated biomass production (e.g. algal blooms). A measure of emissions of precursors that contribute to ground-level smog formation (mainly ozone, O3). Ground-level ozone can be harmful to human and ecosystem health and can also damage crops. Consumption (net use) of water from lakes, rivers and groundwater. Consumption of rainwater in forests is not included in this EPD as there is currently no widely accepted method for determining a baseline water use case for forests against which consumption could be measured. A measure of the total amount of primary energy extracted from the earth. PED is expressed in energy demand from non-renewable resources (e.g. petroleum, natural gas, etc.) and energy demand from renewable resources (e.g. biomass, hydropower, wind energy, etc.). Efficiencies in energy conversion (e.g. power, heat, steam, etc.) are taken into account. 8

9 Tork Soft Toilet Roll T4 400 Sheet Advanced 1,000 kg air-dry tissue + 71 kg paper packaging + 16 kg plastic packaging = 1,087 kg total. Paper >99% virgin kraft pulp. Bleaching agent: chlorine dioxide (elemental chlorine free). Potential Environmental Impacts GWP (global warming), fossil kg CO 2e 3.14E E E E E+03 GWP (global warming), biogenic kg CO 2e -3.65E E E E E+02 GWP (global warming), total kg CO 2e -3.34E E E E E+03 AP (acidification) kg SO 2e 1.68E E E E E+01 EP (eutrophication) kg PO 4 3- e 2.58E E E E E+00 POCP (photochemical ozone) kg C 2H 4e 1.69E E E E E+00 Resource Use Category Flow Unit Upstream Core Downstream To Gate Total Non-renewable resources Materials Inert rock kg 3.51E E E E E+03 Sodium chloride kg 6.47E E E E E+01 Calcium carbonate kg 5.63E E E E E+02 Soil kg 1.46E E E E E+01 Natural aggregate kg 3.87E E E E E+01 Other kg 1.15E E E E E+01 Energy Natural gas kg 4.80E E E E E+02 Renewable resources Crude oil kg 4.69E E E E E+02 Hard coal kg 3.16E E E E E+02 Lignite kg 1.40E E E E E+02 Other kg 3.12E E E E E-01 Materials Biomass (dry) kg 9.64E E E E E+02 Energy Biomass MJ 2.64E E E E E+04 Geothermal MJ 1.98E E E E E+04 Hydro power MJ 1.05E E E E E+03 Other MJ 8.70E E E E E+03 Water (consumption of surface and ground water) Waste Total kg 1.73E E E E E+05 Direct kg 2.45E E E+04 Hazardous waste kg 2.78E E E E E-04 Non-hazardous waste kg 3.78E E E E E+02 Additional Environmental Information: Primary Energy Demand (PED) PED (energy), renewable MJ 4.53E E E E E+04 PED (energy), non-renewable MJ 5.46E E E E E+04 PED (energy), total MJ 5.07E E E E E+04 PED (energy), % renewable % 89.2% 61.2% 19.9% 79.4% 69.8% 9

10 Tork Soft Jumbo Toilet Roll T1 Advanced 1,000 kg air-dry tissue + 42 kg paper packaging + 12 kg plastic packaging = 1,054 kg total. Paper >99% virgin kraft pulp. Bleaching agent: chlorine dioxide (elemental chlorine free). Potential Environmental Impacts GWP (global warming), fossil kg CO 2e 2.73E E E E E+03 GWP (global warming), biogenic kg CO 2e -3.65E E E E E+02 GWP (global warming), total kg CO 2e -3.38E E E E E+03 AP (acidification) kg SO 2e 1.60E E E E E+01 EP (eutrophication) kg PO 4 3- e 2.37E E E E E+00 POCP (photochemical ozone) kg C 2H 4e 1.49E E E E E+00 Resource Use Category Flow Unit Upstream Core Downstream To Gate Total Non-renewable resources Materials Inert rock kg 2.92E E E E E+03 Sodium chloride kg 6.90E E E E E+01 Calcium carbonate kg 5.69E E E E E+02 Soil kg 1.56E E E E E+01 Natural aggregate kg 2.82E E E E E+01 Other kg 1.16E E E E E+01 Energy Natural gas kg 3.81E E E E E+02 Renewable resources Crude oil kg 4.52E E E E E+02 Hard coal kg 2.73E E E E E+02 Lignite kg 1.15E E E E E+02 Other kg 2.22E E E E E-01 Materials Biomass (dry) kg 9.37E E E E E+02 Energy Biomass MJ 2.64E E E E E+04 Geothermal MJ 1.23E E E E E+04 Hydro power MJ 7.96E E E E E+03 Other MJ 6.97E E E E E+03 Water (consumption of surface and ground water) Waste Total kg 1.26E E E E E+05 Direct kg 1.94E E E+04 Hazardous waste kg 2.10E E E E E-04 Non-hazardous waste kg 2.93E E E E E+02 Additional Environmental Information: Primary Energy Demand (PED) PED (energy), renewable MJ 4.47E E E E E+04 PED (energy), non-renewable MJ 4.74E E E E E+04 PED (energy), total MJ 4.94E E E E E+04 PED (energy), % renewable % 90.4% 62.3% 20.0% 80.1% 70.4% 10

11 Tork Soft Mini Jumbo Toilet Roll T2 Advanced 1,000 kg air-dry tissue + 38 kg paper packaging + 10 kg plastic packaging = 1,048 kg total. Paper >99% virgin kraft pulp. Bleaching agent: chlorine dioxide (elemental chlorine free). Potential Environmental Impacts GWP (global warming), fossil kg CO 2e 2.64E E E E E+03 GWP (global warming), biogenic kg CO 2e -3.64E E E E E+02 GWP (global warming), total kg CO 2e -3.38E E E E E+03 AP (acidification) kg SO 2e 1.57E E E E E+01 EP (eutrophication) kg PO 4 3- e 2.32E E E E E+00 POCP (photochemical ozone) kg C 2H 4e 1.46E E E E E+00 Resource Use Category Flow Unit Upstream Core Downstream To Gate Total Non-renewable resources Materials Inert rock kg 2.86E E E E E+03 Sodium chloride kg 6.88E E E E E+01 Calcium carbonate kg 5.65E E E E E+02 Soil kg 1.51E E E E E+01 Natural aggregate kg 2.30E E E E E+01 Other kg 1.14E E E E E+01 Energy Natural gas kg 3.50E E E E E+02 Renewable resources Crude oil kg 4.36E E E E E+02 Hard coal kg 2.66E E E E E+02 Lignite kg 1.13E E E E E+02 Other kg 2.11E E E E E-01 Materials Biomass (dry) kg 9.34E E E E E+02 Energy Biomass MJ 2.63E E E E E+04 Geothermal MJ 1.13E E E E E+04 Hydro power MJ 7.66E E E E E+03 Other MJ 6.78E E E E E+03 Water (consumption of surface and ground water) Waste Total kg 1.21E E E E E+05 Direct kg 1.94E E E+04 Hazardous waste kg 2.05E E E E E-04 Non-hazardous waste kg 2.82E E E E E+02 Additional Environmental Information: Primary Energy Demand (PED) PED (energy), renewable MJ 4.44E E E E E+04 PED (energy), non-renewable MJ 4.52E E E E E+04 PED (energy), total MJ 4.90E E E E E+04 PED (energy), % renewable % 90.8% 62.3% 20.0% 80.4% 70.6% 11

12 Sorbent Silky White Long Toilet Roll 1,000 kg air-dry tissue + 33 kg paper packaging + 28 kg plastic packaging = 1,061 kg total. Paper >99% virgin kraft pulp. Bleaching agent: chlorine dioxide (elemental chlorine free). Potential Environmental Impacts GWP (global warming), fossil kg CO 2e 3.46E E E E E+03 GWP (global warming), biogenic kg CO 2e -3.49E E E E E+02 GWP (global warming), total kg CO 2e -3.14E E E E E+03 AP (acidification) kg SO 2e 1.49E E E E E+01 EP (eutrophication) kg PO 4 3- e 2.11E E E E E+00 POCP (photochemical ozone) kg C 2H 4e 1.56E E E E E+00 Resource Use Category Flow Unit Upstream Core Downstream To Gate Total Non-renewable resources Materials Inert rock kg 3.99E E E E E+03 Sodium chloride kg 5.35E E E E E+01 Calcium carbonate kg 4.63E E E E E+02 Soil kg 1.26E E E E E+01 Natural aggregate kg 6.80E E E E E+01 Other kg 8.99E E E E E+01 Energy Natural gas kg 7.00E E E E E+02 Renewable resources Crude oil kg 5.02E E E E E+02 Hard coal kg 3.61E E E E E+02 Lignite kg 1.57E E E E E+01 Other kg 2.22E E E E E-01 Materials Biomass (dry) kg 9.29E E E E E+02 Energy Biomass MJ 2.30E E E E E+04 Geothermal MJ 9.67E E E E E+04 Hydro power MJ 1.08E E E E E+03 Other MJ 1.02E E E E E+03 Water (consumption of surface and ground water) Waste Total kg 2.09E E E E E+05 Direct kg 3.25E E E+04 Hazardous waste kg 2.63E E E E E-04 Non-hazardous waste kg 3.27E E E E E+02 Additional Environmental Information: Primary Energy Demand (PED) PED (energy), renewable MJ 4.11E E E E E+04 PED (energy), non-renewable MJ 6.73E E E E E+04 PED (energy), total MJ 4.78E E E E E+04 PED (energy), % renewable % 85.9% 55.6% 46.4% 77.2% 72.0% 12

13 Sorbent Hypo-Allergenic Toilet Roll (4-pack and 12-pack) 1,000 kg air-dry tissue + 56 kg paper packaging + 37 kg plastic packaging = 1,093 kg total. Paper >99% virgin kraft pulp. Bleaching agent: chlorine dioxide (elemental chlorine free). Potential Environmental Impacts GWP (global warming), fossil kg CO 2e 3.72E E E E E+03 GWP (global warming), biogenic kg CO 2e -3.56E E E E E+02 GWP (global warming), total kg CO 2e -3.19E E E E E+03 AP (acidification) kg SO 2e 1.63E E E E E+01 EP (eutrophication) kg PO 4 3- e 2.40E E E E E+00 POCP (photochemical ozone) kg C 2H 4e 1.66E E E E E+00 Resource Use Category Flow Unit Upstream Core Downstream To Gate Total Non-renewable resources Materials Inert rock kg 4.16E E E E E+03 Sodium chloride kg 5.45E E E E E+01 Calcium carbonate kg 4.89E E E E E+02 Soil kg 1.46E E E E E+01 Natural aggregate kg 8.58E E E E E+01 Other kg 1.00E E E E E+01 Energy Natural gas kg 7.57E E E E E+02 Renewable resources Crude oil kg 5.35E E E E E+02 Hard coal kg 3.90E E E E E+02 Lignite kg 1.60E E E E E+01 Other kg 2.90E E E E E-01 Materials Biomass (dry) kg 9.50E E E E E+02 Energy Biomass MJ 2.43E E E E E+04 Geothermal MJ 1.60E E E E E+04 Hydro power MJ 1.23E E E E E+03 Other MJ 1.08E E E E E+03 Water (consumption of surface and ground water) Waste Total kg 2.16E E E E E+05 Direct kg 3.29E E E+04 Hazardous waste kg 3.00E E E E E-04 Non-hazardous waste kg 3.83E E E E E+02 Additional Environmental Information: Primary Energy Demand (PED) PED (energy), renewable MJ 4.29E E E E E+04 PED (energy), non-renewable MJ 7.19E E E E E+04 PED (energy), total MJ 5.01E E E E E+04 PED (energy), % renewable % 85.6% 55.5% 46.2% 77.3% 72.1% 13 The difference between packaging options was <5% cradle-to-gate. As such, the impacts of the 4-pack are declared in the table above.

14 Purex Toilet Roll 1,000 kg air-dry tissue + 67 kg paper packaging + 35 kg plastic packaging = 1,102 kg total. Paper >99% virgin kraft pulp. Bleaching agent: chlorine dioxide (elemental chlorine free). Potential Environmental Impacts GWP (global warming), fossil kg CO 2e 3.91E E E E E+03 GWP (global warming), biogenic kg CO 2e -3.60E E E E E+02 GWP (global warming), total kg CO 2e -3.20E E E E E+03 AP (acidification) kg SO 2e 1.78E E E E E+01 EP (eutrophication) kg PO 4 3- e 2.68E E E E E+00 POCP (photochemical ozone) kg C 2H 4e 1.96E E E E E+00 Resource Use Category Flow Unit Upstream Core Downstream To Gate Total Non-renewable resources Materials Inert rock kg 4.01E E E E E+03 Sodium chloride kg 6.54E E E E E+01 Calcium carbonate kg 5.67E E E E E+02 Soil kg 1.79E E E E E+01 Natural aggregate kg 7.69E E E E E+01 Other kg 1.18E E E E E+01 Energy Natural gas kg 8.17E E E E E+02 Renewable resources Crude oil kg 6.36E E E E E+02 Hard coal kg 3.59E E E E E+02 Lignite kg 1.60E E E E E+01 Other kg 2.97E E E E E-01 Materials Biomass (dry) kg 9.60E E E E E+02 Energy Biomass MJ 2.57E E E E E+04 Geothermal MJ 1.85E E E E E+04 Hydro power MJ 1.14E E E E E+03 Other MJ 9.96E E E E E+03 Water (consumption of surface and ground water) Waste Total kg 2.31E E E E E+05 Direct kg 2.42E E E+04 Hazardous waste kg 2.69E E E E E-04 Non-hazardous waste kg 4.11E E E E E+02 Additional Environmental Information: Primary Energy Demand (PED) PED (energy), renewable MJ 4.45E E E E E+04 PED (energy), non-renewable MJ 7.74E E E E E+04 PED (energy), total MJ 5.22E E E E E+04 PED (energy), % renewable % 85.2% 60.7% 48.5% 77.2% 72.8% 14

15 Purex Mega Toilet Roll (4-pack and 6-pack) 1,000 kg air-dry tissue + 30 kg paper packaging + 27 kg plastic packaging = 1,057 kg total. Paper >99% virgin kraft pulp. Bleaching agent: chlorine dioxide (elemental chlorine free). Potential Environmental Impacts GWP (global warming), fossil kg CO 2e 3.37E E E E E+03 GWP (global warming), biogenic kg CO 2e -3.54E E E E E+02 GWP (global warming), total kg CO 2e -3.20E E E E E+03 AP (acidification) kg SO 2e 1.58E E E E E+01 EP (eutrophication) kg PO 4 3- e 2.25E E E E E+00 POCP (photochemical ozone) kg C 2H 4e 1.64E E E E E+00 Resource Use Category Flow Unit Upstream Core Downstream To Gate Total Non-renewable resources Materials Inert rock kg 3.55E E E E E+03 Sodium chloride kg 6.33E E E E E+01 Calcium carbonate kg 5.24E E E E E+02 Soil kg 1.59E E E E E+01 Natural aggregate kg 6.05E E E E E+01 Other kg 1.04E E E E E+01 Energy Natural gas kg 6.75E E E E E+02 Renewable resources Crude oil kg 5.55E E E E E+02 Hard coal kg 3.24E E E E E+02 Lignite kg 1.41E E E E E+01 Other kg 1.95E E E E E-01 Materials Biomass (dry) kg 9.27E E E E E+02 Energy Biomass MJ 2.44E E E E E+04 Geothermal MJ 8.87E E E E E+04 Hydro power MJ 9.17E E E E E+03 Other MJ 8.72E E E E E+03 Water (consumption of surface and ground water) Waste Total kg 1.87E E E E E+05 Direct kg 2.41E E E+04 Hazardous waste kg 2.15E E E E E-04 Non-hazardous waste kg 3.09E E E E E+02 Additional Environmental Information: Primary Energy Demand (PED) PED (energy), renewable MJ 4.24E E E E E+04 PED (energy), non-renewable MJ 6.65E E E E E+04 PED (energy), total MJ 4.90E E E E E+04 PED (energy), % renewable % 86.4% 60.7% 48.8% 77.7% 73.2% 15 The difference between packaging options was <5% cradle-to-gate. As such, the impacts of the 4-pack are declared in the table above.

16 References AEPDP (2015). General Programme Instructions of the Australasian EPD Programme, Version 1.0, Available: APC (2014). National Recycling and Recovery Surveys (NRRS). Paper Packaging, Glass Containers, Steel Cans and Aluminium Packaging. Australian Packaging Covenant. Available: Australian Government (2014). National Greenhouse Accounts Factors December Available: Australian Government (2015). National Inventory Report Volume 2. Available: ECN (2012). Phyllis2, database for biomass and waste. Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands. Available: Hyder Consulting Group (2007). Review of Methane Recovery and Flaring from Landfills. Australian Greenhouse Office, Department of Environment and Water Resources. IEPDS (2015). PCR 2011:05, Tissue Products, Version 2.0, Stockholm: International EPD System. Available: ISO 14025:2006. Environmental labels and declarations Type III environmental declarations Principles and procedures. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization. MBIE (2015). Energy in New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment. Available: New Zealand Government (2015). New Zealand s Greenhouse Gas Inventory New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. Available: OECD (1992). OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals: Biodegradability in Seawater. Test No Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Available: PCNZ (2015). Review of packaging mass balance measurements. Packaging Council of New Zealand. Available: SCS Wetherill Environmental (2002). National Greenhouse Gas Inventory from the Waste Sector Wellington. Report commissioned by the New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. thinkstep (2016). GaBi life cycle inventory database documentation. Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany: thinkstep AG. Available: lci-documentation/. Watercare (2013) GRI Report. Available: 16

17 EPD registration and verification Declaration owner: Ltd Web: Post: PO Box 177, Box Hill VIC 3128, Australia EPD produced by: thinkstep Pty Ltd Web: Post: 25 Jubilee Street, South Perth WA 6151, Australia EPD programme operator: The Australasian EPD Programme Ltd Web: Post: c/o Enviro-Mark Solutions Ltd PO Box 69040, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand Product Category Rules (PCR): PCR 2011:05 Tissue Products, Version 2.0, ANZSIC v1.0 classification: UN CPC v2 classification: PCR review was conducted by: C152400: Sanitary Paper Product Manufacturing 32131: Toilet or facial tissue stock, towel or napkin stock and similar paper, cellulose wadding and webs of cellulose fibres The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. Chair: Massimo Marino. Contact via Independent verification of the EPD process certification (Internal) declaration and data, according to EPD verification (External) ISO 14025:2006: Third party verifier: Andrew D Moore, Life Cycle Logic Web: info@lifecyclelogic.com.au Post: PO Box 571, Fremantle WA 6959, Australia Accredited or approved by: The Australasian EPD Programme Version history v1.0 Initial release v1.1 Correction to POCP results v1.2 Addition of Tork Soft Mini Jumbo Toilet Roll T2 Advanced v1.3 Addition of Sorbent Hypo-Allergenic 12-Pack and Purex Mega 6-Pack 17