EC6 and CANMOX Advanced Fuel Technology for Plutonium Reuse. Utility-proven technology provides safe, timely and affordable waste solutions

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1 EC6 and CANMOX Advanced Fuel Technology for Plutonium Reuse Utility-proven technology provides safe, timely and affordable waste solutions

2 Sites Using CANMOX Fuel Sellafield Site Power Plant Offload to MACSTOR passive dry storage and secure until geological disposal facility (GDF) available Secure and protected plutonium and depleted uranium (DU) storage Lease of plutonium & DU from Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Fuel Plant Inventory storage & delivery of CANMOX fuel pellets to fuel fabrication Deliver finished fuel to new fuel storage Up to 2.8GW(e) available Offload to transport container and deliver to GDF CANMOX fuel pellet plant CANDU automated fuel fabrication facility GDF Repository Built on the successful track record of CANDU nuclear technology, and including the most recent safety and technical advances, the Enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6 ) is the latest model in SNC-Lavalin s CANDU reactor line, comprising a Generation III 700 MWe class reactor, with traditional, mixed oxide (MOX) and advanced fuel capabilities. The EC6 reactor, coupled with CANMOX full life cycle fuel technology, is a proven, MOX-ready solution for plutonium reuse that can be affordably deployed without first-of-a-kind (FOAK) risk. The EC6 is a thermal reactor that builds on decades of successful commercial CANDU experience, and the CANMOX solution uses the MOX fuel adaptation of the standard CANFLEX flexible fuel design. Like its sister product, the Advanced Fuel CANDU Reactor (AFCR ), our MOX-ready EC6 incorporates incremental design enhancements that improve safety performance, fuel utilization, economic competitiveness and operational flexibility. The EC6 is designed to exceed post-fukushima safety standards. EC6 Generation III enhancements include: Design life of 60 years Multi-fuel capability Increased safety and operating margins Resistant to internal and external threats Inherently robust against accidents Enhanced loss of power management capabilities Core damage prevention features Advanced fire protection

3 Fuel The MOX-ready EC6 has been uniquely conceived among all the world s reactors with flexible fuel capabilities at its very heart. The proven near homogeneous CANDU reactor core and fuel bundle are optimized for MOX fuels, while retaining traditional and advanced fuel capabilities. The patented CANFLEX fuel bundle provides a safe and secure carrier for the various fuel types available to the plant operator. Plutonium Reuse The CANMOX solution is a safe, proven and affordable answer to plutonium reuse as MOX. This mission dedicated solution can make the total UK civil plutonium inventory safe in less than 30 years. CANMOX is MOX but with a less demanding fuel pellet, a simpler fuel carrier, a single fuel type and therefore a less expensive and more reliable fuel fabrication plant. SNC-Lavalin s MOX-ready EC6 and CANMOX technology offer an early deployment, low risk, cost-effective solution to fulfill plutonium reuse objectives for both civilian and eventual weapons-sourced stockpiles. CANDU fuel is safe, capable, economical and reliable. CANDU fuel fabrication capability is being delivered daily to operators across the globe and has already been automated, as required for the proposed CANMOX solution. A Tradition of Continuous Innovation The Generation III EC6 reactor builds on over 40 years of experience of delivering CANDU reactor solutions to a global operator base. There are 47 CANDU or CANDU-type reactors currently operating. Our EC6 reactor successfully completed the final stage of the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) pre-project design review in June 2013 and is ready for deployment to operators requiring high safety margins, on-schedule and on-budget construction, high performance, economic competitiveness and reliability. The EC6 advances the workhorse CANDU design to a new level of performance, incorporating safety and operational advantages while retaining the provenness of the reactor fundamentals. The fundamental CANDU design incorporates: Horizontal fuel channels Full load, on-power refuelling Simple, capable fuel design manufacture Separate low pressure heavy water moderator Water-filled reactor vault Active and passive core cooling capability Two independent, fast-acting shutdown systems Inherent emergency cooling capability Accessible reactor building for on-power maintenance

4 Advanced Safety and Environmental Features The EC6 incorporates the inherent safety features of globally-deployed, commercial CANDU reactors that have safely operated for decades. The EC6 core features fuelrelated safety enhancements and safety performance beyond that of the natural uranium-fuelled CANDU reactor. Consistent with the concept of defence in depth, our EC6 provides a series of defences (features, equipment and procedures) to prevent accidents and to ensure appropriate accident protection. The EC6 maintains a series of physical barriers to confine radioactive material at specified locations and, ultimately, within the containment structure. The MOX-ready EC6 incorporates incremental design enhancements that improve safety performance, fuel capability, affordability and operational flexibility. CANDU reactor design has inherent safety features as defences against severe accidents. A cool, low-pressure moderator provides a passive heat sink to absorb decay heat from the fuel for postulated conditions of beyond design basis accidents (BDBAs). A large volume of water contained in the calandria vault that surrounds the reactor core provides the second passive heat sink and can further slow down or arrest severe core damage progression. Furthermore, the EC6 design also provides a dedicated severe accident recovery and heat removal system (SARHRS) to minimize the risks of severe accidents. This system, which includes gravity-driven, passive water supply lines and a pump-driven recovery circuit, is designed to arrest and contain any severe core damage within the calandria vessel and ensure that the containment integrity is maintained following a BDBA. For security and physical protection, the EC6 design encompasses the required response to potential common mode events, such as fires, aircraft crashes and internal and external threats. CANDU reactor operation has very low emissions to minimize environmental impact. Our CANMOX solution additionally features a zero-liquid emission design. Following our traditional CANDU reactor design practice, the EC6 incorporates two passive, fast-acting shutdown systems that are physically and functionally independent of each other. EC6 safety systems are designed to ensure reactor shutdown, remove decay heat and prevent radioactive releases during events and accidents. The principles of separation, diversity and high reliability apply to the design of the safety systems that perform the safety functions, including shutdown systems, emergency core cooling system and containment systems. The traditional emergency water supply system has been upgraded to become an enhanced emergency heat removal system (EHRS), operating as an alternate heat sink for residual decay heat following postulated low probability accidents that render normal heat sinks unavailable. High degrees of redundancy within systems ensure safety functions can be carried out.

5 Designed with Customers in Mind The EC6 incorporates strong operational utility experience from CANDU operators around the world. CANDU reactors use a unique reactor technology designed to allow for full load, on-power refuelling and online maintenance. Utilities in Canada, Europe, Asia and South America rely on CANDU technology to deliver higher lifetime capacity factors than competing technologies. International Track Record The last seven CANDU plants have been built on schedule and on budget or better the best construction performance by any nuclear vendor. SNC-Lavalin CANDU s reactors are backed by a strong Canadian and international supply chain that has delivered successful CANDU reactor projects to our global customers with high localized content. We will qualify local suppliers and provide all management and operator training necessary to support its CANDU products. The CANMOX-fuelled EC6 is designed for an average lifetime capacity factor of 92% for a 60-year operational life. EACH TWIN REACTOR EC6 BUILD SAVES CANDU technology is very efficient in using low-enriched nuclear fuels. This allows the CANMOX project to meet safety requirements and performance levels. On completion of the plutonium reuse mission the operator can then make choices as to their fuel preference between traditional uranium, recovered uranium, MOX or other advanced fuels. Clean Energy Our CANMOX solution would produce enough low carbon electricity to power 5 million homes in the UK, with no emissions of nitrogen oxide, sulphur oxide, toxic heavy metals, aerosols, ozone or other pollutants. Up to 13 MILLION TONNES OF CO 2 EMISSIONS/YEAR when displacing traditional coal Up to 6 MILLION TONNES OF CO 2 EMISSIONS/YEAR when displacing natural gas

6 NUCLEAR OFFICE 2285 Speakman Drive Mississauga, ON, L5K 1B1, Canada Telephone: PRINTED IN CANADA Registered trademark of Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. (AECL), used under licence by Candu Energy Inc., a Member of the SNC-Lavalin Group. Trademark of Candu Energy Inc., a Member of the SNC-Lavalin Group. 203_