Italy s MST Pilot Study

Transcription

1 COMMITTEE ON STATISTICS AND THE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNT Italy s MST Pilot Study UNWTO, Madrid February 2018 Angelica Tudini, Carolina Ardi, Emanuela Recchini - Istat Background and content BACKGROUND October st Meeting of the Working Group of experts on Measuring Sustainable Tourism (MST) and January 2017 Committee on Statistics and the TSA Italy presented an outline of a case study on the interaction between industries and the environment within an integrated TSA-SEEA framework; expected output: Source: Italian TSA One or more to be assessed CONTENT: CASE STUDY RESULTS 1. The actual TSA-SEEA integrated framework (Which economic data? Which environmental data? Why? 2. Main results environmental flow estimates by industry 3. How estimates where produced - methodology 1

2 TOTAL TSA-SEEA integrated framework in the Italian case study ECONOMIC MODULE (TSA consistent) Products (14) Total output Total intermediate consumption Total Value Added (11) Output (O) Total Economy Tourism Share (TS) O TS O TS Source: Italian TSA 2015 (Istat - December 2017) - Table 6 Total domestic supply and internal consumption ENVIRONMENTAL MODULE (SEEA consistent) Air emissions by theme Ground level ozone (by purpose) (11) Output (O) Total Economy Tourism Share (TS) O TS O TS TSA-SEEA integrated framework in the Italian case study Tourism characteristic products Total output Total intermediate consumption Total value added O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS Air emissions (3) (4) 2

3 Output,, energy use - industries and other industries- Italy, % 66.8% 98.1% 89.6% 33.2% to to 6.3% 44.2% 98.6% 96.7% 3.3% 26.4% 73.6% 55.8% to to to 98.6% to 93.7% Output, emissions, energy use by industry Italy, 2015 (% share of industries figures) 100% Accommodation for visitors 90% 80% Food and beverage serving Railway passenger transport 70% Road passenger transport 60% Water passenger transport 50% Air passenger transport 40% Transport equipment rental 30% 20% 10% 0% Output Ground-level ozone Travel agencies and other reservation services industry Cultural industry Sports and recreational industry Retail trade of country specific goods 3

4 TOTAL Environmental profiles Italy, 2015 (% of share figures) Accomodation for visitors Water passengers transport Output Output Ground-level ozone Heating Ground-level ozone Offroad transport Output 0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0% Air passenger transport Output 0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0% 100.0% Retail trade of country specific goods Groundlevel ozone Ground-level ozone Offroad transport Electricity 0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0% 100.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% Methodology Environmental flows (EF) estimates for the TSA-SEEA case study cover air emissions (EMI) for three environmental themes (, acidification, ground level ozone) and energy use (EU) for four purposes (heating, road transport, off-road transport, electricity use). Objective is to calculate: 1. Amount of environmental flows related to each industry as a whole (regardless of the proportion directly attributable to ): EF_EMI_TOURind (i) and EF_EU_TOURind (i) 2. share of environmental flows: EF_EMI_TS (i) and EF_EU_TS (i) Tourism characteristic products Total output Total intermediate consumption Total value added 1 i O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS Air emissions (3) (4) 4

5 Environmental flows for industries as a whole 1. Estimating environmental flows related to each industry as a whole: EF_EMI_TOURind (i) and EF_EU_TOURind (i) requires to: a. Identify industries related environmental flows within the available environmental accounts data sources, consistently with TSA see examples below Tourism industry (a) NA and environmental accounts economic activity classification (b) Difference in scope - portion of economic activity (b) not included in industry (a). 3- Railway passenger transport Railway transport Freight rail transport. 6- Air passenger transport 10- Sports and recreational industry Air transport Freight air transport and space transport Lotteries, betting and casinos related none Sports, amusement and recreation Activities of sports clubs. Fitness facilities b. Single out environmental flows by industry from environmental accounts (= national accounts) economic activity classifications: two cases Tourism industry (a) NA and environmental accounts economic activity classification (b) Accommodation Full list for reference Difference in scope - portion of NA economic activity (b) not included in industry (a) Accommodation for students, and workers such as student residences, school dormitories, workers hostels 1- Accommodation for visitors Buying and selling of real estate and real estate for third parties No conceptual difference in scope but the portion of real estate not related to is not included See above Rental and management of properties owned or leased 2- Food and beverage serving Food and beverage serving Event catering and other food service 3- Railway passenger transport Railway transport Freight rail transport 4- Road passenger transport land passenger transport Urban and suburban passenger land transport 5- Water passenger transport Maritime and inland water transport Sea, inland and coastal freight water transport 6- Air passenger transport Air transport Freight air transport and space transport 7- Transport equipment rental 8- Travel agencies and other reservation services industry 9- Cultural 10- Sports and recreational industry 11 - Retail trade of country specific goods Renting and operating leasing Renting and leasing of recreational and sports goods (part of industry 10 sport and recreational industry) Services of Travel agencies, Tourism No difference in scope but the portion of Operators and related reservation services and output related to package tours is not included Creative, arts and entertainment none Libraries, archives, museums and other Library and archives cultural Lotteries, betting and casinos related none Sports, amusement and recreation Activities of sports clubs. Fitness facilities Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles Retail trade of country non specific goods 5

6 TOT AL industries Total economy TOTAL Environmental flows for industries as a whole CASE 1. If a national accounts economic activity and the corresponding industry have the same scope (no difference reported in column 3) the (known) environmental flow of the specific national accounts economic activity is also the EF of the corresponding industry: Very few cases! For example: Tourism industry NA economic activity classification Difference in scope Lotteries, betting and casinos related none 10- Sports and recreational industry Sports, amusement and recreation Activities of sports clubs. Fitness facilities CASE 2. The scope of industry is smaller than the corresponding NA (some difference reported in column 3) First best option: (TSA output method): subtract from available environmental flow estimates the portion that falls outside the scope of, i.e. for example Tourism industry NA economic activity classification Difference in scope Air transport Freight air transport and space 6- Air passenger transport transport feasible in one case only Environmental flows for industries as a whole Second best option: environmental flows for industries estimated as ( industry/na) output ratio of the corresponding NA economic activity EF For emissions: EF_EMI_TOURind (i) = EF_EMI_NA (j) * output_tourind (i) /output_na (j) (the same holds for energy use data) 1 i Total output ( available from TSA) Air emissions (to be calculated) (to be calculated) National accounts economic j Total output (available from NA) Air emissions (available from environmental accounts) (available from environmental accounts) 6

7 TOTAL TOTAL Tourism shares of environmental flows 2. Estimating environmental flows related to shares EF_EMI_TS (i) and EF_EU_TS (i) For most industries, output ratios (output_ts (i) /output_tourind (i) ) derived from the Italian TSA were used to derive share of environmental flows. For emissions: EF_EMI_TS (i) = EF_EMI_TOURind (i) *(output_ts (i) /output_tourind (i) ) (the same holds for energy use data) 1 i Tourism characteristic products Total output ( available from TSA) O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS Air emissions Tourism shares of environmental flows For transport industries (Railway passenger transport, Road passenger transport, Water passenger transport, Air passenger transport), product specific environmental flows were calculated - for air emissions (not for energy use). For example for Air passenger Transport: 1 Tourism characteristic products Air passenger transport O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS O TS Air passenger transport (TSA) Total output ( available from TSA) Air emissions (of which air transport) 7

8 Concluding remarks Feasibility of an environmentally extended satellite account case study for Italy Already covered in this case study Air emission accounts Physical energy flow accounts Short term Environmentally related taxes by economic activity Medium/long term Environmental protection expenditure accounts Thank you!! [contacts for details on the Italian TSA-SEEA case study: [contacts for details on the Italian TSA: 8