Radioprotection and Dosimetry Institute - IRD -

Transcription

1 Radioprotection and Dosimetry Institute - IRD - South Africa 22/08/2011 1

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3 To carry out scientific research and to develop technologies in the areas of radiation protection and metrology of ionizing radiation; To provide technical support and assays to the regulatory authority in the conformity evaluation process to the CNEN safety standards of the radioactive and nuclear facilities; To assure the traceability of measurements for the units related to the ionizing radiation of the International System to the National and International Metrology Networks; 3

4 To maintain a team trained and integrated to respond to radiological and nuclear emergency situations in Brazil; To promote the qualification of human resources in the areas of radiation protection and metrology of ionizing radiation; To offer non regulatory services of calibration, assays and inspection. 4

5 BRAZILIAN LESSONS LEARNED THE DECOMMISSIONING OF USAM IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROBLEMS Santo Amaro Plant - USAM/SP. It was an old nuclear facilities that didn t suffer process of formal licensing for Brazilian legislation lack and started its operation in the year s 40. THE PROCESS The USAM operated with of Physical and Chemical Treatment of Monazites sands and others: ilmenite, zirconite and rutile. 5

6 PROCEDURES DURING DECOMMISSIONING Encourage the participation from all stakeholders; Evaluating and approval the procedures elaborated by operator; Evaluating the information about the industrial operations of the installation and operational history; Auditing in the data to confirm the radiological characterization and management of the areas; Inventory of the sources (equipments and storage radioactive materials); Evaluating the elaboration and implementation of Radiological Program (ORP) presented by operator; Occupational 6

7 PROCEDURES DURING DECOMMISSIONING Evaluating and auditing in the workers training program; Evaluating the field instrumentation an laboratory instrumentation; Evaluating the operational procedures; Evaluating the reliability metrological of the instrumentation; Evaluating the calculation of the uncertainties (instrumentation and analytical methods); 7

8 PROCEDURES DURING DECOMMISSIONING Evaluating the validation of database; Executing regulatory inspection and auditing in the analytical data of the monitoring during the disassembly of equipment; Verify the monitoring (dose rate and surface of contamination (smears and directly)) in the equipment s, liberation of materials, classification and segregation of the contaminated material for subsequent decontamination (liberation or storage); Inspection and auditing in the analytical data to guarantee the final liberation; 8

9 The shutdow operational USAN was in At this time, CNEN has no rule on decommissioning of nuclear facilities; The jobs related to USAM s decommissioning (occupational and environmental) started in 1993 and ended in December 1998, and the area was considered officially free on January 1999; The decommissioning of the first nuclear Brazilian plant was a very important learning experience. The problems encountered in the course of the decommissioning process allowed both CNEN and INB, to find solutions enabling their technicians to face future challenges not only in other nuclear plants but with other industries NORM (Natturally Occuring Radioactive Material); 9

10 The manager of USAM sold the old administrative building and the resources were utilized for implementation the decommissioning plan, then a private company built a two new building. Old Facility 10

11 AREAS/ACTIVITIES DURING DECOMMISSIONING 11

12 ACTIVITIES/AREAS DURING DECOMMISSIONING 12

13 ACTIVITIES/AREAS DURING DECOMMISSIONING 13

14 ACTIVITIES/AREAS DURING DECOMMISSIONING 14

15 ACTIVITIES/AREAS DURING DECOMMISSIONING 15

16 ACTIVITIES/AREAS DURING DECOMMISSIONING 16

17 ACTIVITIES/AREAS DURING DECOMMISSIONING 17

18 ACTIVITIES/AREAS DURING DECOMMISSIONING 18

19 ACTIVITIES/AREAS DURING DECOMMISSIONING 19

20 THE PRESENTE DAY 20

21 DECOMMISSIONING IN PARTS Recently (2009) the exchange of two Generators Vapor - GV's Brazilian NPP (Angra 1). 21

22 Fifteen Nuclear Facilities: THE NEAR FUTURE DECOMMISSIONING Uranium Mine and Milling Three Units; Nuclear Fuel: Nuclear Fuel Manufacture; Enrichment (not operational); Pellet Manufacture; Thorium Compounds: Ores Heavy (physical separation of monazite sands); NPP Two units and a new NPP in construction Angra 3); Research Center and Research Reactors five unit. Fifty-five industries NORM that work directly in the production: gold, copper, nickel, phosphate, niobium and titanium, rare earths, thorium compounds, zircon, oil and gas, coal, and that need evaluations. 22

23 THE CURRENT JOBS Participation the redactors group for the write the Standards about NPP Decommissioning. Identify the necessity for new Standards and participate in the development of these standards: research reactors, uranium mine and milling and small facilities (medical and industries). Work with Technical Support Organization for this area (regulators and operators). 23

24 THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION 24

25 Name: Service: Post: Job: Paulo Roberto M.Sc. Nuclear Engineering Occupational Radiation Protection in Nuclear Industry Deputy Head Service Radiological assessment occupational at nuclear facilities and Industries Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material NORM 25

26 Atividade diária liberada 4000 Bq ou 15 Bq/l Limite mensal de liberação 15 Bq/l Limite annual de liberação 3,7 E+10 Bq, Critérios para liberação do terreno para uso público sem restrição taxa de dose inferior a 1 msv/ano e uma atividade específica inferior a 600 Bq/kg de Ra

27 Clearance levels for surface contamination Type of radiation Surface contamination limits Regulatory limit Operational limit Alpha 0,3 Bq/cm2 0,25 Bq/cm2 Beta-gama 3 Bq/cm2 2,5 Bq/cm2 27

28 Radiation doses of workers involved in the decommissioning of USAM Effective Dose Number of Workers > 10 msv 0 > 5 msv and 10 msv 8 > 1 msv and 5 msv 46 > 0,1 msv and 1 msv 30 Não detectável 50 28