City Resilience Framework, an update. Braulio Eduardo Morera Arup International Development Resilient Cities 2014 Conference

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1 City Resilience Framework, an update Braulio Eduardo Morera Arup International Development Resilient Cities 2014 Conference

2 By April 2014, to articulate urban resilience in a measurable, evidencebased and accessible way that can inform urban planning, practice, and investment patterns which better enable urban communities (e.g. poor and vulnerable, businesses, coastal) to survive and thrive multiple shocks and stresses. Opportunity Statement, February

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4 In order to get a grip on it, one must be able to relate resilience to other properties that one has some means of ascertaining, through observation. Martin-Breen & Andries (2011) Resilience: A literature review. The Rockefeller Foundation: New York City, p. 11 5

5 resilience is not an antonym for vulnerability, or substitute for DRR urban resilience has limitations to address: power relations, the poor, unexpected impacts city resilience is about performance: ability of a system of systems to continue function 6

6 Seattle New Orleans New York Detroit Cali Quito Lima Rio de Janeiro Concepción Doha Surat Kampala Brazzaville Dar es Salaam Cape Town Chengdu Hong Kong Bangkok Ho Chi Minh City Semerang Primary data Secondary data 7

7 Delivers basic needs Epidemic Safeguards human life Protects, maintains and enhances assets Power failure Facilitates sociocultural identity and human relationships Promotes information education and innovation violence Defends rule of law, justice and equity Lawlessness Supports livelihoods Stimulates economic progress Economic crisis Floods Illiteracy Unemployment Explosion 8

8 Factors of resilience from secondary sources Delivers basic needs Safeguards human life Protects, maintains and enhances assets Facilitates sociocultural identity and human relationships Promotes information education and innovation Defends rule of law, justice and equity Supports livelihoods Stimulates economic progress City functions 9

9 Seattle New Orleans New York Detroit Cali Quito Lima Rio de Janeiro Concepción Doha Surat Kampala Brazzaville Dar es Salaam Cape Town Chengdu Hong Kong Bangkok Ho Chi Minh City Semerang Primary data Secondary data 10

10 In Concepción we had two earthquakes: the 8.8 one and the social earthquake looting, arson I think the last one affected our soul most violently. Mayor of Concepción, Chile

11 Alto Rio Building February 2010

12 Army patrol in Greater Concepcion February 2010

13 Things that initiated the positive trajectory in the development of our city were better management, projects, and trust in our Mayor Private sector representative, Cali, Colombia

14 How do we help? We try to get where the state is unable to reach. We listen, we support, and work with the social fabric of our community. Fundación Paz y Bien volunteer, Cali, Colombia

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18 A resilient city is a city where there is or are Minimal human vulnerability Diverse livelihoods and employment Adequate safeguards to human life and health Reduced physical exposure and vulnerability Continuity of critical services Reliable communications and mobility Collective identity and mutual support Social stability and security Availability of financial resources and contingency funds Effective leadership and management Empowered stakeholders Integrated development planning

People Minimal human vulnerability Indicated by the extent to

Diverse livelihoods and employment Facilitated by access to

19 People Minimal human vulnerability Indicated by the extent to which everyone s basic needs are met. Diverse livelihoods and employment Facilitated by access to finance, ability to accrue savings, skills training, business support and social welfare. Adequate safeguards to human life and health Relying on integrated health facilities and services, and responsive emergency services.

Place Reduced physical exposure and vulnerability Indicated by environmental

maintenance of ecosystems and infrastructure; and contingency planning.

20 Place Reduced physical exposure and vulnerability Indicated by environmental stewardship; appropriate infrastructure; effective land use planning; and enforcement of planning regulations. Continuity of critical services Indicated by diverse provision and active management; maintenance of ecosystems and infrastructure; and contingency planning. Reliable communications and mobility Indicated by diverse and affordable multimodal transport systems and information and communication technology (ICT) networks; and contingency planning.

Organisation Collective identity and mutual support Observed as active

Social stability and security Including law enforcement, crime prevention,

Availability of financial resources and contingency funds Observed as sound

21 Organisation Collective identity and mutual support Observed as active community engagement, strong social networks and social integration. Social stability and security Including law enforcement, crime prevention, justice, and emergency management. Availability of financial resources and contingency funds Observed as sound financial management, diverse revenue streams, the ability to attract business investment, adequate investment, and emergency funds.

Knowledge Effective leadership and management Involving government, business and civil

knowledge to enable people and organisations to take appropriate action.

22 Knowledge Effective leadership and management Involving government, business and civil society, and indicated by trusted individuals; multi-stakeholder consultation; and evidencebased decision-making. Empowered stakeholders Indicated by education for all, and access to upto-date information and knowledge to enable people and organisations to take appropriate action. Integrated development planning Indicated by the presence of a city vision; an integrated development strategy; and plans that are regularly reviewed and updated by cross departmental working groups.

Reflective Robust Redundant Flexible Resourceful Inclusive Integrated Reflective systems are accepting of the inherent and ever-increasing uncertainty and change in today s world.

23 Reflective Robust Redundant Flexible Resourceful Inclusive Integrated Reflective systems are accepting of the inherent and ever-increasing uncertainty and change in today s world. Robust systems include well-conceived, constructed and managed physical assets. Redundancy refers to spare capacity purposely created within systems so that they can accommodate disruption. Flexibility implies that systems can change, evolve and adapt in response to changing circumstances. Resourcefulness implies that people and institutions are able to rapidly find different ways to achieve their goals or meet their needs during a shock or when under stress. Inclusion emphasises the need for broad consultation and engagement of communities, including the most vulnerable groups. Integration and alignment between city systems promotes consistency in decision-making and ensures that all investments are mutually supportive to a common outcome.

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25 - 4 sub-indices - 12 indicators - 50 sub-indicators variables metrics

26 Strengths - More holistic - Response and recovery - Strength of economy - Law enforcement - Skills training and higher education - Community engagement and integration - Business support - Continuity planning for infrastructure - ICT - Transportation. a holistic framework that enables dialogue and knowledge sharing Weaknesses - Not as specific - Risk assessment/scenario planning - CCA and DRR activities - Regulation enforcement - Food/agriculture - Solid waste and sanitation - Economic sustainability of utilities can integrate sectoral measurement methods or metrics could be tailored to regional variations or sectors - materiality

27 100resilientcities.org rockefellerfoundation.org/our-work/current-work/resilience arup.com/cri

How to Build a Resilient City: The City Resilience Framework. The Rockefeller Foundation 100 Resilient Cities Arup

How to Build a Resilient City: The City Resilience Framework The Rockefeller Foundation 100 Resilient Cities Arup Nancy Kete, PhD Women in Clean Energy Symposium Sept 17 th 2014 Dr. Nancy Kete By April