DISTRIBUTION CODE OF SRI LANKA. Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka

Transcription

1 DISTRIBUTION CODE OF SRI LANKA Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka July 2012

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE DISTRIBUTION CODE OF SRI LANKA GENERAL CODE INTRODUCTION APPLICABILITY OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBILITIES AND IMPLEMENTATION PUCSL Distribution Licensee... 3 Users HIERARCHY OF AUTHORITY PROCESS OF REVIEW AND REVISION OF THE DISTRIBUTION CODE Distribution Code Enforcement and Review Panel (DCERP) RESPONSIBILITIES IN UNFORESEEN CIRCUMSTANCES PARTIAL INVALIDITY ACCURACY OF INFORMATION CONDITIONS OF DISCLAIMER CONFIDENTIALITY PROCEDURE FOR SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A DISTRIBUTION LICENSEE AND USERS INTERPRETATION Definitions Gender Person or Entity Singularity and pluraality... 6 Including Amendment of standards DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS DISTRIBUTION PLANNING CODE INTRODUCTION APPLICABILITY OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBILITIES SYSTEM STUDIES Sales and Demand Forecasting Studies Load Flow Studies Short Circuit Studies Reliability Studies Power Supply Security Studies System Loss Studies Power Quality Studies DATA FOR STUDIES Distribution System Data Sales Data Load Data Data Requirements REPORTS Reporting Frequency and Period Covered Contents of Reports DISTRIBUTION CONNECTION CODE INTRODUCTION APPLICABILITY OBJECTIVES TECHNICAL, DESIGN AND OPERATIONAL CRITERIA Power Quality and Security Standards Protection Arrangements and Fault Level Considerations Grounding Arrangements... 20

3 3.4.4 Equipment Standards Maintenance Standards Voltage Levels, Connecting Point and Ownership Boundaries PROCEDURES FOR APPLICATION TO CONNECT TO A LICENSEE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM Application Procedure for a New Connection or a Modification Application Processing Submission of the Information Prior to Connection CONNECTION POINT INFORMATION LV Retail Connections Bulk Supply Connections DISTRIBUTION OPERATIONS CODE INTRODUCTION APPLICABILITY OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBILITIES Distribution Licensee Users MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS Preventive Maintenance Program Follow-up Maintenance Program Remedial Maintenance Program Maintenance Planning Planned Transmission Switching/Outages PLANNING SWITCHING OPERATIONS AND OUTAGES OPERATIONAL DATA AND OPERATIONS PLANNING DATA CONTINGENCY PLANNING Transmission System Failures Generation Deficiencies Inter Licensee Distribution System Failures Licensee Distribution System Failures Demand Control PROTECTION COORDINATION VOLTAGE/FREQUENCY/POWER FACTOR MONITORING AND CONTROL Voltage Frequency Power Factor and Harmonic Distortion COMMUNICATIONS Operational and System Data Operating Instructions among Licensees and Licensees & Users Significant Events/Incidents SAFETY Safety Manual Safety Management System Safety Precautions Safety on LV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK CONTROL CENTRE (DNCC) Switching Operations DNCC Records DNCC Reports TOOLS AND SPARES TRAINING DISTRIBUTION METERING CODE INTRODUCTION APPLICABILITY OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBILITIES Distribution Licensee Users METERING EQUIPMENT Design Requirements... 35

4 5.5.2 Accuracy of Meters Programming Requirements of Meters Metering Equipment Maintenance Removal and Replacement of Meters READING OF METERS Manual Reading of Meters DISPUTES DISTRIBUTION PLANNING AND OPERATION STANDARDS CODE INTRODUCTION APPLICABILITY OBJECTIVE RESPONSIBILITIES SYSTEM PLANNING STANDARDS Declared Frequency and Voltages of supply Voltage Regulation Reliability Criteria Thermal Load Limits Economic Criteria OPERATING STANDARDS Reliability Guidelines Power Quality Guidelines Guidelines for System Losses Guidelines for Customer & System Power Factor System Security Guidelines DISTRIBUTION CODE: INFORMATION AND DATA EXCHANGE INTRODUCTION APPLICABILITY OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBILITIES DATA AND INFORMATION Data Required by the Distribution Licensees from the System Users Information to be Made Available by the Licensees to the System Users/Prospective Users Information to be Submitted by the Licensees to the PUCSL Information to be Provided by the Distribution Licensees to the Transmission Licensee Information/Data to be Forwarded by the PUCSL to the Licensees APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: RULES AND PROCEDURES FOR DISTRIBUTION CODE ENFORCEMENT AND REVIEW PANEL (DCERP) APPENDIX 2: PERSONS AUTHORISED TO ATTEST APPLICATIONS APPENDIX 3: CEB GUIDE FOR GRID INTERCONNECTION OF EMBEDDED GENERATORS APPENDIX 4: SRI LANKA GUIDE FOR NET METERED GENERATING FACILITIES LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1- Definitions and Abbreviations... 7 Table 5.1- Frequency of Meter Testing... 36

5 THE DISTRIBUTION CODE OF SRI LANKA The Distribution Code of Sri Lanka (hereafter referred to as Distribution Code ) has been formulated in terms of the provisions of Clause 18 (c) and 3.1 (c) of the Sri Lanka Electricity Act, No 20 of 2009 (SLEA 2009), which require the licensees to develop, implement and maintain technical or operational codes; the Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka (PUCSL) to approve and regulate the implementation of such codes. It specifies criteria, guidelines, basic rules, procedures, responsibilities, standards and obligations for the operation, maintenance and development of the Distribution System to ensure a safe, reliable and efficient operation of the Distribution System to provide a quality and secure electricity supply as reasonably as practicable. The provisions of the Distribution Code shall also apply to organizations which interface with each Distribution Licensee, including the Transmission Licensee, Users including the customers who are connected to the Distribution System, embedded generators, and other Distribution Licensees interconnected to the system of each Distribution Licensee. Distribution Code has to revised and amended from time to time as and when the situations demand to reflect the changes in the regulatory framework and the development of the distribution system to comply with legislations and good industry practices Each Distribution Licensee is responsible for developing and maintaining the Distribution Code in coordination with other Distribution Licensees, the Transmission Licensee, PUCSL, and the Users of the Distribution System, as applicable. All Distribution Licensees, the Transmission Licensee and the Users have a binding responsibility to comply with the requirements of the Distribution Code. The primary objectives of the Distribution Code are, (a) To establish an equitable and coordinated approach to connect, supply and maintain the supply of electricity to consumers of the Distribution Licensees. (b) To establish an effective and coordinated approach for operation, maintenance and development of the electricity distribution networks. (c) To ensure equitable management of technical matters in the interest of all parties connected to the Distribution System, including customers, the Transmission Licensee, Distribution Licensees and other Users of the Distribution System. This Distribution Code has to be read in conjunction with the Grid Code for complete and proper understanding of overall requirements, especially with respect to interconnected or overlapping matters between the Grid Code and the Distribution Code. In the event of any conflict, provisions of the Grid Code shall prevail in general. However, in situations where requirements of the Distribution Code need to be implemented by other parties owing to regulatory or legal requirements, such provisions shall have the priority over any other requirements. The Distribution Code currently consists of (but not limited to) the following Codes, which individually and collectively form the framework of policies, procedures, practices and requirements of this Distribution Code. 1. General Code Cites the legal and regulatory framework for the enforcement of the Distribution Code and also specifies the general terms and conditions and definitions applicable for the Grid Code. 2. Distribution Planning Code Describes the technical and design criteria, and procedures to be followed by Distribution Licensees in the planning and development of their respective Distribution Systems. Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

6 3. Distribution Connection Code Specifies information to be provided by the customers, application procedures and applicable technical requirements for the provision or modification of a connection to the Distribution System. The Connection Code also covers connection of embedded generators. 4. Distribution Operations Code Describes the procedures, guidelines and requirements to be followed by Distribution Licensees, Customers and Users of the Distribution System, to ensure safe and efficient operation of the respective systems. 5. Distribution Metering Code Lays down the minimum requirements related to the measurement of energy and demand associated with the supply of electricity to the Users of the Licensee s Distribution System. 6. Distribution Planning and Operations Standards Code Provides criteria and guidelines to be followed by Distribution Licensees with respect to planning and operation of the Distribution System. 7. Distribution Code: Information and Data Exchange Provides a summary of information and data requirements as required by the Distribution Code. Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

7 1 GENERAL CODE 1.1 INTRODUCTION This Code contains provisions which are of general nature that applies to the entirety of the Distribution Code. These include legal and regulatory provisions and definition of common terms. 1.2 APPLICABILITY The Distribution Code is primarily applicable to Distribution Licensees in their capacity as the Asset Manager and Operator for the Distribution System in their respective territories. This has been clearly defined under each code. 1.3 OBJECTIVES Primary objectives of the General Code are to (a) Cite the legal and regulatory framework for implementation and enforcement of the Distribution Code (b) Define the procedures for revising/amending the Distribution Code (c) Define the common terms and abbreviations used in the Distribution Code (d) Specify the general rules for interpreting the provisions in the Distribution Code (e) Specify the rules on communication between the Distribution Licensee and the distribution System Users. 1.4 RESPONSIBILITIES AND IMPLEMENTATION PUCSL PUCSL shall be responsible for the enforcement of the Distribution Code and also amend it as and when necessary to reflect the changes in the regulatory framework and the development of the distribution systems to comply with legislations and good industry practices DISTRIBUTION LICENSEE Each Distribution Licensee shall be responsible for the implementation of the Distribution Code and act in accordance with the established good industry practices USERS Users shall be required to abide by the Distribution Code, comply with the instructions and requests as the Distribution Licensee may require in discharging his duty during the implementation of the provisions of the Distribution Code and act in accordance with the established good industry practices Specific responsibilities of all parties, Distribution Licensee, Distribution System Users and the PUCSL in respect of each Code have been clearly specified and listed under each code. 1.5 HIERARCHY OF AUTHORITY The authority of the Distribution Code is derived from a hierarchy consisting of parliamentary legislation, Ministerial Regulations and Rules, Licenses and Guidelines issued by the Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka (PUCSL). The hierarchy is presented in top-down order below: 1. Legislation - The Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka (PUCSL) Act, No. 35, Sri Lanka Electricity Act, No 20, Regulations issued by the Minister 3. Rules issued by PUCSL 4. Grid Code Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

8 5. Distribution Code 6. Contracts between parties - Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) between Generation Licensees and the Transmission Licensee. - Power Sales Agreement (PSA) between the Transmission Licensee and Distribution Licensees - Connection agreements between Distribution Licensees and Customers - 7. Internal Codes of the Transmission Licensee and Distribution Licensees The above hierarchy shall be applicable with respect to the technical and normal or emergency functions covered by the Distribution Code, but excluding matters of commercial nature, which have no technical implications. 1.6 PROCESS OF REVIEW AND REVISION OF THE DISTRIBUTION CODE Distribution Code Enforcement and Review Panel (DCERP) is responsible for the review and revision of the Distribution Code. Review of the Distribution Code shall be carried out periodically and as and when required. Recommendations of the DCERP comprising suggestions, changes, and amendments shall be submitted to the PUCSL for their review and concurrence. Any changes or additions proposed by PUCSL will also be referred to the DCERP and processed similarly for incorporation in the Distribution Code DISTRIBUTION CODE ENFORCEMENT AND REVIEW PANEL (DCERP) PUCSL shall establish a Distribution Code Enforcement and Review Panel (DCERP) to carry out the following functions: (a) Positively contribute to the effective enforcement of the Distribution Code (b) Monitor and evaluate the working of the Distribution Code and make recommendations to PUCSL for effective implementation. (c) Review all suggestions and amendments proposed by any party and make suitable recommendations to PUCSL. (d) Initiate and coordinate revisions and regular reviews to the Distribution Code and make suitable recommendations to PUCSL for incorporation. (e) Facilitate the publishing of the proposed amendments and the reasons for the recommendations. (f) Facilitate the resolution of issues brought up by the members of the DCERP or by the PUCSL and submit its recommendations to the PUCSL. (g) Produce an annual report on the activities of the Panel. The DCERP shall consist of nine members as follows: (a) One member representing each Distribution Licensee of whom at least one member shall be a member of the Grid Code Review Panel (b) One member representing the Transmission Licensee (c) One member representing the distributors/suppliers authorized to carry out distribution/supply activities under Section 10 of the SLEA (d) One member representing the embedded generators (e) The Chairman of the Consumer Consultative Committee representing customers. (f) Director Licensing of PUCSL shall function as the Secretary to the panel. The rules and procedures to conduct the business of the DCERP are given in Appendix 1 and the DCERP shall be required to comply with it at all times. PUCSL shall ensure that the DCERP is functional within 30 days from the PUCSL approving the Distribution Code. Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

9 1.7 RESPONSIBILITIES IN UNFORESEEN CIRCUMSTANCES The Distribution Code contains procedures to permit effective and equitable management of the Distribution System. However, in unforeseeable and extraordinary circumstances, Distribution Licensees will be required to act decisively in pursuance of any one or a combination of the following general requirements. (a) The requirements of safety under all circumstances, including prevention of personal injury; (b) The prevention of serious damage to Plant and/or Apparatus; (c) Implementation of corrective or preventive measures based on national policy requirements for avoidance/minimization of undesirable occurrences; All users shall provide reasonable cooperation and assistance as required by Distribution Licensees in such circumstances. However, such action by the Distribution Licensees shall be in coordination with the Transmission Licensee and other users. The above shall also apply in the event of emergency situations such as fuel/energy shortage, war, national calamities and abnormal law and order situations. 1.8 PARTIAL INVALIDITY If any provision or part of a provision of the Distribution Code should become or be declared unlawful for any reason, the validity of all remaining provisions or parts of provisions of the Distribution Code shall not be affected. 1.9 ACCURACY OF INFORMATION Distribution Licensees and Users of the Distribution System have a duty to provide such information and resources as are necessary to facilitate compliance with requirements of the Distribution Code. Therefore, all parties are responsible to ensure accuracy of such information provided by them in accordance with the requirements of the Distribution Code. Distribution Licensees have the right to verify such information provided by the Users and to request calculation methodologies, references, and error estimations, where necessary, to ensure proper planning and operation of the Distribution System. Failure by any party to provide reasonably accurate information or any deliberate attempt to withhold such information or provide inaccurate information shall be considered as non-compliance with the requirements of Distribution Code CONDITIONS OF DISCLAIMER A Distribution Licensee, in planning and operating the Distribution System, has to rely on action and information provided by other participants of the Power System including the Transmission Licensee as specified in respective clauses of this Code. A Distribution Licensee shall not be held responsible for any consequence, which arises from its reasonable and prudent actions on the basis of such information or actions by other parties CONFIDENTIALITY Under the terms of the Distribution Code, Distribution Licensees will receive information from the Transmission Licensee, the Users and vice versa. Distribution Licensee or any User shall not, other than as required by the provisions of Grid and Distribution Codes or other applicable rules, disclose such information to any other person without the prior written consent of the provider of the information PROCEDURE FOR SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

10 In the event of a dispute between a Distribution Licensee and another licensee such as the Transmission Licensee or another Distribution Licensee or any other party, on a matter covered in the Distribution Code, the following procedure shall be followed. The concerned parties shall discuss and attempt to arrive at an amicable settlement in terms of applicable rules/regulations. If an agreement cannot be reached, the parties shall, after deliberations (a) Formulate a provisional working arrangement, which shall be implemented until a valid ruling is issued by the PUCSL. (b) Keep DCERP informed of the provisional working arrangement within three days from the day such a decision has been taken. (c) Follow the applicable rules and regulations and refer the unresolved dispute to the PUCSL (d) DCERP shall submit its observations on the issue to the PUCSL. The costs and expenses incurred by the DCERP in this regard shall be shared equally by the relevant Licensees COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A DISTRIBUTION LICENSEE AND USERS All communication between a Distribution Licensee and Users shall be in accordance with the provisions of the relevant Section of the Distribution Code. Unless otherwise specifically required by the Distribution Code, all communications shall be in writing, except where operation time-scales require oral/facsimile or electronic communication INTERPRETATION DEFINITIONS When a word or a phrase that is defined in the Definitions and Abbreviations is more particularly defined in another Code of the Distribution Code and if there is any inconsistency between the two definitions, the latter or that particular definition shall prevail GENDER Any reference to a gender shall include both genders PERSON OR ENTITY Any reference to a person or entity shall include an individual, partnership, company, corporation, association, organization, institution, or other similar groups SINGULARITY AND PLURAALITY Unless otherwise specified, singular shall include the plural and vice-versa INCLUDING The word including or a grammatical variation thereof means including but not limited to AMENDMENT OF STANDARDS A reference to a standard means shall include any revision, update or a replacement of that standard. Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

11 1.15 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS In the Distribution Code, the following words/abbreviations and expressions shall bear the following meanings as indicated in the Table Definitions and Abbreviations TERM DEFINITION Accredited Electrician A person qualified and experienced in design, installation and testing the electricity distribution system of Retail Customers, accredited by a due process established by the Distribution Licensee. A list of Accredited Electricians shall be available for the information of customers, upon request and would be published in the Licensee s website. Accredited Chartered A person qualified and experienced in design, installation and testing the Electrical Engineer electricity distribution systems of Retail and Bulk Customers, accredited by a due process established by the Distribution Licensee. A list of Accredited Chartered Electrical Engineer shall be available for the information of customers, upon request and would be published in the Licensee s website. Active Power or MW Product of voltage and current and cosine of the phase angle between them measured in units of Watt (W) kilowatt (kw) = 10 3 W Mega Watt (MW) = 10 6 W Giga Watt (GW) = 10 9 W Tera Watt (TW) = W Active Energy The electrical energy produced, flowing or supplied by an electrical circuit during a time interval, being the integral with respect to time of Active Power, measured in units of watt-hours or standard multiples thereof, that is : Wh = 1kWh 1000 kwh = 1MWh 1000 MWh = 1GWh 1000 GWh = 1 TWh = Wh ac Alternating Current Allowed Charges Approved charges, Licensee are permitted to levy from customers, prospective customers and the general public for carrying out work requested by them. Alternator The electrical machine which is driven by a prime mover and generates ac electric power. The term Generator is reserved for another meaning to avoid confusion (see definition of Generator) Apparent Power S = P + jq. Magnitude is calculated by the formula S = (P 2 + Q 2 ) expressed in units of Volt-ampere (VA) or multiples like kva, MVA Apparatus All equipment in which electrical conductors are used, supported or of which they may form part. Authorized Person A competent person adequately trained and possessing knowledge and appointed in writing by a Distribution Licensee or the Transmission Licensee to carry out specific tasks and/or work on their systems or apparatus. The certificate of appointment shall state the class of operation and/or work the person is authorized to carry out and the part of the system to which it applies. Automatic Load A Load shedding scheme implemented by the Transmission Licensee to Shedding prevent frequency collapse or other problems and to restore the balance between generation output and demand on the Transmission System Automatic Voltage A continuously acting automatic excitation system to control the voltage Regulator (AVR) of a Generating Unit measured at the Generator terminals Black Start The process followed to restore power after a total or a partial shutdown. Breakdown An occurrence relating to equipment of the supply system which prevents its normal functioning Bulk Customer A customer whose contract demand exceeds 42kVA CCGT Combined Cycle Gas Turbine CCGT Unit A Generating Unit within a CCGT module Competent Person A person who has sufficient technical knowledge or experience to enable him to avoid danger Connected Load Aggregate of rated capacity of all apparatus including portable apparatus in the Customer s premises which are supplied or declared by the Customer to be taking supply from the system. This shall be Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

12 TERM Connection Point Consumer/Customer Contract Demand Control Person DCERP Declared Voltage Demand Demand Forecast Dispatch Dispatch Instructions Disconnect Distribution Code Distribution Network Control Centre (DNCC) Distribution Licensee Distribution System Earthing Earthing Device Energy Embedded Generator Event Event Logger (EL) Event Recorder External Interconnection Forced Outage DEFINITION expressed in kw, kva A point at which a User s Plant and/or Apparatus connects to the Distribution System. Any person or entity, either as the owner or lawful occupier, supplied with electricity by the Licensee/Supplier, and whose premises are for the time being, connected to the Licensee s Distribution System having accepted to receive the electricity supply on the terms and conditions laid down by the Licensee Maximum real (kw) or apparent (kva) power demand agreed to be supplied by the Licensee/Supplier as stated in the declaration made by the customer. A person who has been authorized to carry out the work in DNCC or a person who has to carry out similar tasks in a User installation. Distribution Code Enforcement and Review Panel A voltage or voltages declared by a Distribution Licensee for the supply of electricity to a Customer The requirement for active power and reactive power unless otherwise stated The process which specifies procedures to be followed and data to be supplied to forecast future electricity demand. The issue of instructions by the Transmission Licensee to Generating plant pursuant to Scheduling and Dispatch under the Operations Code and the term Dispatched shall be construed accordingly. An instruction by the Transmission Licensee to a Generator to operate, issued in accordance with Grid Operation Code. The act of physically separating User s (or Customer s) equipment from the Distribution Licensee s system. The document produced by Distribution Companies pursuant to condition of the Electricity Supply License The centre established by a Distribution Licensee to monitor, control and coordinate the Distribution System operations. With its own operating personnel, Transmission Licensee, other distribution licensees and all Distribution System Users. Its responsibilities include collection/ recording of system operational data and publication of the same. A person appointed through a license issued by PUCSL for the operation of a part of the Distribution System. The system consisting of lines owned and/or operated by a Distribution Licensee for the purposes of distribution of electricity from a grid substation to another substation, or to or from any External Interconnection, or to deliver to customers, including any plant and Apparatus and meters owned or used by the Distribution Licensee in connection with the distribution of electricity. A way of providing a connection between conductors and earth by an Earthing Device. A means of providing a connection between a conductor and earth being of adequate strength and capability, and conforming to applicable standards. Quantity of electrical energy measured in units equal to one Kilowatt hour (kwh) or multiples thereof such as: 1000 Wh = 1 kwh 1000 kwh = 1 MWh 1000 MWh = 1 GWh A single generator, or a group of generators, connected to the distribution network, at voltages between 400 V and 33 kv. An unscheduled or unplanned occurrence in a system including faults, incidents and breakdowns. A device provided to record the sequence of operation in time, of the relays/equipment at a location during an event. A device provided to record the sequence of operation in time, of the relays/equipment at a location during an event. A connection to a network outside the network of a Licensee An outage of an equipment/system of which no notice can be given beforehand. Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

13 TERM Frequency Generating Unit Generator Grid Code Grid System Grid System or Transmission System High Voltage or HV HV Apparatus Hydro Station IEC Interconnection Point Isolation Request kv kva License Licensee Limitation of Access Licensee Information Submission System or LISS Live Live Line Work Load Load Factor Low Voltage or LV Medium Voltage Metering Metering Code Minimum Demand Regulation Minimum Generation MVA Operating Reserve DEFINITION The number of alternating current cycles per second (expressed in Hertz or Hz) at which a System is running. Any Apparatus which produces electrical energy. A person or agency who generates electricity and who is subject to the Grid Code. The Grid Code of Sri Lanka. The entire interconnected electric power transmission network of Sri Lanka. The system consisting of HV lines owned and/or operated by Transmission Licensee for the purposes of the transmission of electricity from a Power Station to a Substation or to another Power Station or between Substations or to or from any External Interconnection including any plant and Apparatus and meters owned or used by the Transmission Licensee in connection with the transmission of electricity Voltage exceeding 33,000 Volts High Voltage electrical circuits forming part of a System A Hydroelectric Power Station International Electrotechnical Commission In relation to a generating station the point at which the generating station is connected to the Transmission System and at which energy is delivered to the Transmission Licensee, as specified in the relevant PPA. A form detailing the circuits to be isolated, which may be used where the apparatus of one Licensee is situated on the premises of, or controlled by another Licensee. kilovolt or 1000 volt kilovolt ampere A License granted by PUCSL for the purpose specified Licensee or License Holder is a person or business entity to whom a License or Authorization is issued by PUCSL, under the Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka Act No 35 of 2002 and Sri Lanka Electricity Act No 20 of 2009, for carrying out Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Supply of electrical energy. A form issued by a senior Authorized Person or Authorized Peron specially authorized to do so, defining the limits and nature of work which may be carried out in the vicinity of live apparatus. A facility through which all Licensees are required to submit the required information on line to the PUCSL. Electrically charged Work on high voltage apparatus, overhead line or underground cables with the conductors live using approved insulated tools or equipment. The Active and Reactive Power, as the context requires, generated, transmitted or distributed, and all similar terms shall be construed accordingly. Ratio of total amount of energy delivered during a given period to the total amount of energy that could have been delivered, had the maximum demand been maintained throughout the same period. It is usually expressed as a percentage. A voltage level of 230 /400 Volt A voltage level of 11,000 volt or 33,000 Volt Tariff Metering and Operational Metering That part of Grid Code or the Distribution Code identified as the Metering Code. That margin of Active power sufficient to provide a regulating margin for adequate frequency control The minimum output, which a Generating Unit can generate continuously. Mega Volt Ampere = 1000 kva The additional output from the Generating plant and/or the reduction in Demand which is available to respond/contribute to containing and correcting any Transmission System frequency deviation to an acceptable level in the event of a loss of generation, or a loss of import Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

14 TERM Operational Boundary Outage Output Overall Accuracy Overloading Partial Shutdown Part Load Party Permit to Work (PTW) Power Factor Power Purchase Agreement or PPA Planned Outage Power Sales Agreement Power Station Protection PTW PUCSL Reactive Power or MVAr Reactive Energy DEFINITION from an External Interconnection, or mismatch between generating output and Demand. The boundary between the systems of any two entities in the total system or network. It divides the responsibilities and facilities between the entities and defines jurisdiction. In relation to Distribution Licensee s Distribution System, the removal of any part of the Distribution Licensee s Distribution System due to breakdown or maintenance. The actual output at the Interconnection Point of a Generating Plant derived from data measured pursuant to the Metering Code. The combined accuracy of meters and instrument transformers whose secondary circuits feed the meters The condition under which part of a system is subject to a demand in excess of the normal design rating of that part of the system and not directly due to system fault current. The condition existing when all generation as well as electricity supply from all external connections to a part of the total system has ceased. That part of the system is therefore shutdown and cannot begin to function without Transmission Licensee s directions relating to Black Start Condition of a Generating Unit which is loaded but is not running at its declared full Energy output. Any person, corporate body, company, organization, authority, firm or association subject to the provisions of the Distribution Code. A form of declaration signed and given by a Senior authorized person to a person in charge of work to be carried out on any earthed high voltage apparatus for the purpose of making known to such person exactly what apparatus is dead, isolated from all live conductors, discharge, connected to earth, and on which it is safe to work. Ratio of active power (kw) to apparent power (kva) The Agreement entered into between a Generator and Transmission Licensee pursuant to which Transmission Licensee amongst other matters, agrees to purchase from the Generator the capacity of its Generating Units. Planned Outage means an outage of any part of the Distribution System, which has been planned in advance by the Distribution Licensee or planned and agreed in advance with the Transmission Licensee or other Distribution Licensees. The Agreement entered into by a Distribution Licensee and the Transmission Licensee pursuant to which Distribution Licensee amongst other matters agrees to purchase electrical energy at identified interconnection points between the Distribution Licensee s Distribution System and the Transmission System. An installation comprising one or more Generating Units (even where sited separately) owned and/or controlled by the same Generator, which may reasonably be considered as being managed as one Power Station. Provisions for detecting abnormal conditions on a System and initiating fault clearance and activating alarms and indications. Permit to Work: A form of declaration signed and given by a Senior Authorized Person to a person in charge of work to be carried out on any earthed high or medium voltage apparatus for the purpose of making known to such person exactly what apparatus is dead, isolated from all live conductors, discharged, connected to earth, and on which it is safe to work. Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka incorporated under PUCSL Act No 35 of The product of voltage and current and the sine of the phase angle between them measured in units of volt-amperes reactive (Var) and standard multiples thereof i.e VAr = 1kVAr 1000 kvar = 1MVAr The integral with respect to time of the Reactive Power measured in units of volt ampere hours reactive or standard multiples thereof, that is: Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

15 Recorder TERM Retail Customer Rotational Load Shedding or Load Shedding Sanction for Test Safety Precautions Safety Procedures SCADA SCC Senior Authorized Person Settlement Values Shutdown Significant Incident DEFINITION 1000 VArh = 1 kvarh 1000 kvarh = 1 MVArh An apparatus that stores a series of instantaneous readings at different times and intervals, and records the data obtained through a direct internal or external connection, feeding all such data into an instrument that allows such internal data to be retrieved at a future point in time. A customer whose contract demand is less than 42kVA Planned Disconnection of Customers on a rotational basis during periods at which the total demand cannot be met. A form of declaration signed and given by a Senior authorized person to a person in charge of testing any apparatus connected to the transmission or Distribution System for the purpose of making known to such person exactly what apparatus is to be tested, and the condition under which the testing is to be carried out. Methods and procedures adopted to ensure safety and avoid danger when working in a hazardous environment. In relation to working on HV apparatus, this entails but is not limited to Isolation and/or Earthing. The procedures specified within a safety management system. See Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System Control Centre of the Transmission Licensee performing functions of a load dispatch centre and associated activities in planning, operations and control. An authorized person who has been appointed in writing by a Distribution Licensee or a Transmission Licensee to issue and cancel a PTW, Sanction for Tests, Limitation of Access and Isolation requests. The certificate of appointment shall state the class of operation and/or work the person is authorized to carry out and the part of the system to which it applies. Values of Active Energy and Reactive Energy delivered, and the maximum demand occurring over a settlement period, as recorded by metering required by and operating in accordance with the Metering Code, or as estimated or submitted in accordance with the Metering Code. Settlement values are identified by the time at the end of the relevant settlement period The condition of the equipment when it is de-energized or disconnected from the Transmission or Distribution System. An event with a significant effect on either the Distribution System or a User s system and usually entails one or more of the following operational effects: Tripping of plant and/or apparatus manually or automatically Voltage outside statutory limits System frequency outside statutory limits System instability System overload Whether an event has a significant effect on a system is determined by the entity (Distribution Licensee or User) that owns that system. SLEA Sri Lanka Electricity Act no 20 of 2009 Spinning Reserve Unloaded generating capacity, which is synchronized to the system and is ready to provide increased generation at short notice pursuant to Dispatch Instructions or instantaneously in response to a Frequency drop. Static Var Compensator An electronically controlled electrical device for providing fast-acting (SVC) reactive power, lagging or leading, on high-voltage electricity transmission networks. Statutory Limits Limits defined by regulations enacted under the SLEA. Substation An assembly of equipment including any necessary housing for the conversion, transformation, switching or control of electrical power. Subsystem Part of a System which by itself constitutes a system such as a type of equipment in a generating plant Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition or SCADA A real time control and monitoring system in which the control and data collection functions are carried out from a central station through a communications system. System data is monitored and fed back to the central terminal continually, based on which control instructions are issued to all parts the system. The communication system can be Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

16 TERM Synchronized Synchronous compensation Total Shutdown Total System Transmission System or Grid System Under Frequency Relay Unit Load Controller User User System Utility Var Virtual Metering Point DEFINITION telephone lines, radio, microwave or any other means of communication. The condition where an incoming Generating Unit or system is connected to another system so that the frequencies and phase relationships of that Generating Unit or System, as the case may be, and the system to which it is connected are identical and the terms Synchronize and Synchronization shall be construed accordingly. The operation of rotating synchronous Apparatus for the specific purpose of either the generation or absorption of Reactive Power. The condition of complete loss of generation in the total system with no electricity supply from any External Interconnection. The total system will not begin to function again without the Transmission Licensee s directions relating to Black Start. The Transmission System and all systems of Users of the Transmission System The system consisting of HV lines owned and/or operated by Transmission Licensee for the purposes of the transmission of electricity from a Power Station to a Substation or to another Power Station or between Substations or to or from any External Interconnection including any plant and Apparatus and meters owned or used by the Transmission Licensee in connection with the transmission of electricity. An electric measuring relay intended to operate when its characteristic quantity (frequency) decreases below the relay setting by decrease in frequency. A device which regulates the generation level when the Generating Unit is operating in a Frequency Sensitive Mode to ensure (so far as possible) that it does not exceed or fall short of previously set limits. Person or entity that uses the Distribution Licensee s Distribution System. More specific definitions are identified in The Distribution Code. Any System owned or operated by a User including Generating Units, Distribution Systems and Customer equipment together with plant and/or Apparatus connecting them to the Transmission System. Any person or entity engaged in the generation, transmission, sale, distribution or supply of electrical energy, as the case may be. A single unit of Reactive Power (Volt-Ampere reactive) An effective point of measurement that may or may not be physically locatable, where active energy or reactive energy deemed to have been transferred through the point is derived from an algorithmic manipulation of the active energy and reactive energy data of one or more metering points. The phrases Virtual measurement point, real metering point and real measurement point are to be construed accordingly. Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

17 2 DISTRIBUTION PLANNING CODE 2.1 INTRODUCTION This Distribution Planning Code specifies the technical and design criteria, and the procedures to be followed in planning and development of the Distribution System. 2.2 APPLICABILITY The Distribution Planning Code applies to all Distribution Licensees, all system Users including the embedded generators and parties who are authorized to carry out distribution/supply activities and are connected to a Licensee Distribution System. 2.3 OBJECTIVES Objectives of this Distribution Planning Code are to (a) Enable the Distribution System to be planned, designed and constructed to operate in an economical, safe and reliable manner conforming to the relevant Acts of Parliament, Regulations, Rules, Licenses and Guidelines, standard specifications including other relevant manuals and construction standards; (b) Facilitate the use of the distribution system by any person connected or seeking connection to it. (c) Establish technical conditions and standards for acceptable performance at the interface between the Licensee s system and Users systems (d) Facilitate the exchange of system data between Users and Distribution Licensees, between Distribution Licensees and Transmission Licensee, and between the various Distribution Licensees. (e) To provide sufficient information for a User to assess opportunities for connection, and to plan and develop its system so as to be compatible with the Licensee s Distribution System. 2.4 RESPONSIBILITIES A Distribution Licensee shall be responsible for (i) Identifying the problems of the Distribution System and proposing solutions in respect of voltage levels, loading of equipment, switchgear ratings, power quality, system loss, reliability and security of supply. (ii) planning the expansion of the Distribution System to meet the forecast demand taking into consideration the impact of the connection of new Users to the system such as large customers, embedded generators, any other Licensees or any other parties connected to the system who carry out distribution/supply activities on exemptions. (iii) To plan the system ensuring that the Distribution System will have the capability to meet the laid down standards in relation to voltages, loading of switchgear, equipment ratings, power quality, system loss, reliability, and security of supply. (iv) Preparation of Distribution System Development Plan as laid down in this Code (v) Reviewing and recommending the changes in planning standards contained in this Distribution Planning Code on a periodic basis. (vi) Monitor the implementation of the planned proposals Distribution System Users shall be responsible for, (i) Providing all data requested by the Distribution Licensee to carry out its planning and development activities (ii) Making submissions for improving the planning function. 2.5 SYSTEM STUDIES The Distribution Licensee shall carry out the following system studies. (a) Sales and demand forecasting studies (b) Load flow studies Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July

18 (c) Short circuit studies (d) Reliability and security studies (e) System loss studies (f) Power quality studies The outcome of each of these studies should be included in the report on Distribution Development Plan, described in section SALES AND DEMAND FORECASTING STUDIES Distribution Licensee shall prepare annually a sales and demand forecast for each area/branch of its operational area for five years (commencing from the year during which the forecast is prepared) incorporating demand growth patterns, future development plans and proposed large scale projects in the respective localities, effect of Demand-side Management (DSM) measures, etc. It shall include the following, but not limited to, (a) Number of customers in each customer category (b) Forecast annual sales and individual demands for each customer category (c) Load factors, power factors, contribution to peak factors for each customer category (d) Monthly specific consumption of each customer category (e) Energy sales during the Time of Use (TOU) tariff intervals (f) Energy losses for LV retail, LV Bulk and MV Bulk customer categories, and the total losses for the Licensee s Distribution System (g) Energy and Demand purchases in each interval of the TOU tariff (h) Historical data of (a-g) for the two preceding years Combining the sales and demand forecast of such entities, the Distribution Licensee shall prepare a forecast for each Division and then for the entire Authorised Area. A basic spreadsheet model is considered to be adequate for the preparation of sales and demand forecast LOAD FLOW STUDIES MV System Load flow studies shall be carried out for the MV system once in two years, for a planning window of 10 years. Based on the above analysis the Distribution System Development Plan described in section 2.7, shall include; (i) Analysis of the existing system (ii) Demand forecast (iii) Future requirement analysis with forecast demand to meet the voltage standards, thermal load standards, security standards, system loss criteria and economic criteria given in Distribution Planning and Operations Standards Code (iv) Future development proposals for expansion, reinforcement and augmentation of the existing MV networks which shall include but not limited to the following; Proposed new grid/primary substations and substation augmentations Proposed MV express lines and distribution gantries, if any Proposed re-conductoring of MV lines - Network expansion and reconfiguration - Reactive power compensation (MV capacitors) - Any other improvements. (i) Financial and economic evaluation of the future development proposals, based on discount rates published by PUCSL. (ii) Recommendations for implementation of development proposals LV System The Distribution Licensee shall model typical LV schemes for metropolitan, urban, semi-urban and rural areas and conduct related system studies to determine the standard transformer capacities, types of conductors, number and length of LV feeders, etc. to ensure that all customer installations fed from such schemes are provided with an electricity supply within the statutory requirements. Energy/demand losses in such schemes can be considered as technical losses of LV networks. With such typical systems as the base, the Distribution Licensee shall prepare LV network design guidelines which shall be used for planning, expansion and development of the LV system. Distribution Code of Sri Lanka - July