The 15th International Convention of the East Asian Economic Association in Cooperation with University of Padjadjaran Bandung, November 5-6, 2016
|
|
- Nigel Adams
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The 15th International Convention of the East Asian Economic Association in Cooperation with University of Padjadjaran Bandung, November 5-6, 2016 Convention Theme: Sustainable and Inclusive Development in Asia and the Global Economy Elvy Maria Manurung and Catharina Badra Nawangpalupi Parahyangan Catholic University 1
2 Enhancing Indonesian Creative Economy Through Entrepreneurship And Locality: Case Studies By Young Entrepreneurs In West Java. Elvy Maria Manurung Business Management Program of Diploma III, Economics Faculty Parahyangan Catholic University Catharina Badra Nawangpalupi Industrial Engineering Faculty Parahyangan Catholic University Abstract The role of young people in entrepreneurship proved to be increasing; they join in creating new jobs and boost the local economy. This research that was conducted from 2014 until present aimed to explore the challenges that became the factors, which both drive and inhibit creative young entrepreneurs. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods and study four major cities in West Java Indonesia. By using survey and statistics, quantitative method was conducted in the first year. The results in the first year showed that the entrepreneurs in Garut, Cirebon, and Tasikmalaya possessed all of the unique characteristics, except networks which was owned by Bandung entrepreneurs. In addition, it was also known that the enthusiasm in the attitude of entrepreneurial ventures had different effects. Even though on average, the creative young entrepreneurs in the four cities had good business attitude, there were differences in their characteristics based on their locality or local culture. Entrepreneurship in the creative industries was indicated by unique characteristics in the materials and/or technologies, the right time to produce a product, social environment that supports the industry, aesthetics, funding sufficiency, conducive city climate, and the suitable networking. Furthermore, to obtain a comprehensive picture of the creative industries, especially the young entrepreneurs in West Java, the research is now conducted to further explore the barriers and boosters in industrial context qualitatively, through interviews and focus group discussion on several case studies. Keywords: creative economy, entrepreneurship, young entrepreneurs, locality.
3 1. Introduction Changes occurred in the third millennium when the economy condition of the society is based on knowledge known as knowledge-based society. Creativity today is being recognized as intangible resources that is absolutely needed. Richard Florida (2002) even dared to say that creativity is powerhouse for developing economy, even though the idea is still debatable. Previously, Howkins (2001) argued that new economy has emerged around creative industry which is being controlled by intellectual property laws such as patent, copyright, brand, royalty, and design. The development of creative industry for the last one century is indicated by the shift of understanding regarding cultural commodity, which is now enhanced by the development of technology and capitalized. Creative industry is defined as humans activities related to the production and consumption of goods and services related to cultural, artistic, and entertaining values. The activity emerges when people have new needs to find significance and experience when they use or consume goods or services. Creativity and innovation become important factors in creative industry in producing unique and meaningful goods and services (Connor J.O., 2010, Simatupang, T., 2010). In Indonesia, creative industry started to emerge in 2011 when the Ministry of Creative Economy and Tourism was established based on Presidential Regulation No. 92/2011. In January 2015, based on Presidential Regulation No. 6 of 2015, creative economy was abolished from the Ministry of Tourism and was established on one independent institution under Agency of Creative Economy (Badan Ekonomi Kreatif). According to the data, there had been an increase on the export of creative product and its contribution towards PDB, which increased to 8% in 2013 from 6.9% in The number is aimed to be increased to 10% in 2014, and 12% in 2019 (Ministry of Industry, 2014; Renstra Badan Ekonomi Kreatif, ). There are six groups of creative industry in Indonesia according to the Ministry of Industry (2014), which are categorized into: 1. Publication and Presentation Industrial Group: Publishing, Printing, and Advertising 2. Industrial Group with Cultural Content and was delivered through Electronic Media: TV, Radio, Film, and Photography
4 3. Industrial Group with Cultural Content and was performed to Public: Music and Performance Arts 4. Industrial Group with Product of Cultural and Arts Content: Handcraft and Art Works 5. Design Industrial Group: Fashion and Architecture 6. Industrial Group with Technology Content: Research and Development, Information Technology, and Software Service The development of export growth came from Indonesia creative industry for the last decade ( ) was presented in Table 1. Table 1 showed that fashion and handcrafting industry was on the first and second rank of the biggest export number of creative industry sector in Indonesia, including West Java. Table 1. The Development of Export Value of Indonesia Creative Industry in (in million rupiahs) No Creative Industry Business Field Average 1 Architecture Design Fashion Film, Video, Photography 5 Software and Computing Service 6 Handcraft Music Artworks Publishing and Printing 10 Advertising Interactive leisure Software 12 Research and Development 13 Performance Arts Television and Radio TOTAL (Source: Nugroho, P.S. and Cahyadin, M., 2014) The research was based on the first study conducted in that was carried out in four cities in West Java on two creative industry sectors with the biggest export number, which were fashion and handcrafting industry. The study spread 400 questionnaires and 388 data were collected and analyzed. The observed young entrepreneurs who lived in some cities that
5 represented West Java were from Bandung, Cirebon, Tasikmalaya, and Garut. As reported in Barlian, et al. (2015), survey showed that there were some factors building the creative process, as conceived by Moeran (2011), which were: (i) material and technique/technology they used, (ii) time to generate the products, (iii) place to make the product, (iv) social surrounding and people involved in the process, (v) held/recognized aesthetics or representational, and (vi) funding availability as economy limit. However, it was shown that Bandung was the only city in West Java that showed the importance of networking as indicated in the answer provided by the young entrepreneurs in the questionnaires, and it was not indicated in other observed cities. The research result of the first year also presented that each observe city in Bandung had some differences and uniqueness of their creative industry. 2. Analytical Framework and Data Creativity that became the basis of creative industry was not novel thing or definition. Since the emergence of western tradition, starting from Plato to Freud, to Popper, creativity was known as divergent, impulsive, and messy (De Bono, 1992, in DeFillipi, R., et.al, 2007). The idea showed that creativity was attached to an individual, to his or her personality that made him similar to a genius (Bilton and Leary, 2002, Boden, 1994, in DeFillipi, R, et.al., 2007). These ideas were conventional perspective of creativity. The modern research had shifted the conventional perspective of creativity that depended on the individual who owned it into creativity that was attached on a social process in an organization. The context of creativity had expanded, not limited to a certain individual, but becoming an organization or an institution. Moeran s (2011) research showed that creativity did not happen instantly in a vacuum room, but to understand the existence of process. Moeran emphasized that creativity in cultural products was limited to some factors and how the deals existing in each factor that became the limitation were related to social system in which creative process became an important aspect to be analyzed. This research had analyzed the existence (or non-existence) of the six factors and affirmed it, in creative business established by young entrepreneurs in four cities in West Java. The previous initial study (Barlian, et al., 2015) had added another additional factor, which was networking that became the initial findings in Bandung. Seven factors that could become the driving and inhibiting factors of creativity in West Java were represented in Figure 1.
6 Network Material and technology Time to produce Atmosphere / environment CREATIVITY: STIMULANT & CONSTRAINTS Social environment (government) Financial Esthetics Figure 1. Seven Factors Resulting in Creative Process The survey that was conducted to 388 young entrepreneurs younger than 40-year-old who had established creative industry in fashion and handcrafting, was followed-up in this research. Some focus group discussion had also been conducted in four cities in West Java. However, in 2016, the observed cities were not all four (similar to the previous study), rather, it was only conducted in Bandung, Tasikmalaya, and Garut. This was caused by the fact that the data from Cirebon had been included, because the FGD had not been concluded. Some data obtained in 2015 were summarized in Table 2, Table 3, and Figure 2. The data on table and figure showed the average age of entrepreneurs and the duration (period) of their businesses involvement, and their educational background. Table 2. Area/City Tabulation and the Respondents Duration of Business Establishment 1-5 year 6-10 year year year > 20 year Kota Garut % 15% 8% 4% 2% Cirebon % 29% 6% 10% 0% Bandung % 15% 3% 0% 1% Tasikmalaya
7 47% 32% 10% 5% 4% Table 3. Respondents Age year year year year year Garut % 12% 33% 29% 26% Cirebon % 7% 26% 27% 39% Bandung % 27% 34% 18% 16% Tasikmalaya % 8% 23% 39% 30% Tasikmalaya Bandung Cirebon Garut % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% SD SMP SMA D3 S1 Tidak sekolah/lainnya Figure 2. Educational Background The data on table and figure showed that the majority of business period were still in early stage, which was between one to five years old (245 respondent or 65%), and only seven of them with 20-year-old business involvement. Creative young entrepreneurs with six to ten years of business involvement were 84 people, and the ones with year-old business were found to be 25 people, and people with 16 to 20 year-old business were 17 people. The data showed that there was a tendency of decrease of respondents number based on the duration of business involvement. Mostly, the young entrepreneurs had 1-15 years old of business involvement. The
8 age of these young entrepreneurs was between 16 to 40 years old, with highest proportion of 70% in years old. There were 40% of women entrepreneurs and 60% of male entrepreneurs. The last education of creative young entrepreneurs mostly was senior high school graduates (148 of 388 orang), followed by junior high school graduates (91 of 388) and Bachelor s Degree (Sarjana or S1) comprising 69 of 388 orang. If seen through the business city and their last education, Bandung tended to have young entrepreneurs with higher educational background. There were only 22 of 107 entrepreneurs with junior high school or lower than that (or others), and the others (85 people) were senior high school graduates, diploma, or bachelors degree graduates in Bandung. On the contrary, there was no businessman in Cirebon with Bachelor s degree and mostly were elementary school graduates (31 of 84 people). From the four observed cities, there were three dominating creative industry sectors, which were (i) handcrafting, (ii) fashion, and (iii) culinary. The proportion of these three sectors in four cities was shown in Figure % 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Kerajin an 30% Fashion 39% Fesyen Kuliner Kerajinan Kuliner 31% Figure 3. Domination of Creative Industry Sector in Four Cities in West Java Creative industry entrepreneurs in the four observed cities was still dominated with micro-scale business, either without employees (36%) or with 1 to 5 employees (61%). On the other hand, the percentage of other entrepreneurs with 6 to 10 employees (or small business) only comprised of 3% or 10 businesses. From the interview conducted with young entrepreneurs from these four cities regarding the maintenance of their business, the data were obtained through regression analysis and were concluded in Table 4, which was the description of entrepreneurs.
9 Table 4. Personal Description of Entrepreneurs Garut Cirebon Bandung Tasikmalaya Target achievement Communication with other parties Communication with employees Physical Health Enthusiasm in running the business Willingness to face risks The need to lead Patient Strong need of money Systematic Creating new ideas Persistence/tenacity Self-confidence Taking initiative Competitive Broad knowledge Young creative entrepreneurs in Cirebon had the superiority in communication and initiative. The analysis showed that there was a significant and positive correlation between initiative and communication with other parties, with coefficient value (Kendall s Tau) of This showed that communication and initiative could strengthen each other. Entrepreneurs in Garut excelled in its persistence/tenacity and self-confidence. Tenacity and self-confidence had strong relation, as it was proven by bivariate correlation test with Kendall s Tau coefficient value of Uniqueness of characteristics of entrepreneurs of each city was summarized into the following points: 1. Entrepreneurs in Garut tended to have strong persistence and tenacity and selfconfidence. 2. Entrepreneurs in Tasikmalaya tended to be more experienced and long-run business with strong competitiveness and broad knowledge. 3. Entrepreneurs in Bandung tended to be younger and they had strong enthusiasm and good communication skills, and were able to maintain their networking. 4. Entrepreneurs in Cirebon had higher ability to take initiative.
10 The support for business sustainability was found to be different between each observed city. In Bandung, entrepreneurs had high support from the surrounding and family; on the other hand, in Cirebon, government support and business relationship had stronger driving factor business sustainability. Entrepreneurship in Garut had support of capital and the access for additional or loaned capital that encouraged business sustainability. Entrepreneurship in Tasikmalaya did not have better support if compared to other cities. The data were obtained from the analysis of capital, support (family and government) and the opportunity and surrounding environment on Table 5. Table 5. The Analysis of Internal-External Environment Garut Cirebon Bandung Tasikmalaya Having enough starting capital Having time to run business Having business relation with other parties Having the environment to support the business Having family support Having the chance to join exhibition to other cities of countries Support or role from the government (central/local) in business development If there is a lack of capital, there is another opportunity to receive additional capital or loan Case Studies Fifty entrepreneurs were invited to a creative-based SME workshop in Bandung. Out of fifty entrepreneurs, more detailed or in-depth interview was conducted to ten young entrepreneurs in order to fulfill the information needed for the research. Furthermore, the researcher also conducted two FGDs with some experts to support the research findings. From the interview with ten young entrepreneurs from three cities, the research found some important points which will be presented in Table 6.
11 Table 6. Summary of Interview with Entrepreneurs from Three Cities Creativity Aspects need to be Entrepreneurs in Entrepreneurs Entrepreneurs in Questioned/Confirmed Bandung in Garut Tasikmalaya 1. Needed starting capital Driven by passion, then by learning to open a business, plus knowledge and skills in fashion and accessories. Do not need huge financial capital, enough to make the order (from the customers down payment) Branding in the start of business by building image according to the customers products and target 2. Strategies/factors to Maintain networking maintain the continuality (local and international) of the business Maintain consumer s (creativity) loyalty by providing limited design (not many numbers of product for one design) Design is adjusted to consumer s personality The choice of good or high quality and unique raw material Hand-made production 3. The existence of external Social media are the role most determining factor (instagram, line); besides they could help establishing the connection for the existing customers, social media could also establish new networking 4. Target market Limited market that really like their product (niche), both local and The financial starting capital is quite huge because it is mass-produced Skill capital is hereditary (family business) Become the main manufacture, therefore, having many small stores as customers Start to market products to other cities Join exhibition or festival Local government have good role in maintaining local culture and introduce them to local tourists People in Garut and its surrounding areas The financial starting capital is quite huge Learning through other communities (in Bandung) quite helps in developing the business The existence of fixed customers, even though the business is not too big Start to pay attention to current trend (especially the ones popular among the youths) Pay attention to the growing trend in Bandung Initiative still comes from each entrepreneurs Mostly people who live in Tasikmalaya, or people who want
12 international 5. Pricing For limited order, the price should be quite high because the product designing process takes time (should be creative and good enough) 6. Target of Business Nothing, being happy is Achievement the most important aspect No minimal or maximum, only to save money for vacation 7. The existence of The profit of handcraft rising/reducing business products tends to slowly profit cycle increase, and never decline Fashion product fluctuates since there is an influence from the price of imported raw material People who love batik from outside the town Rarely change, it has fixed pricing which is determined for years Can pay employees It is important to sell all products Small business experienced loss of profit, and look for new business opportunity Big business tends to remain existing to bring souvenirs to out of town Now, there are many variations of new trends, therefore, the price could be quite expensive Low-Middle There is no sighting for this, because new business has just started to run and develop slowly The study found some interesting points as presented in the table above, and they were described through some of the following interview quotes: 1. Unique design and quality consistency, in Bandung: I don t take the leather material I use for book-binding handcrafting from Cibaduyut which is already well-known in Bandung I buy them from Yogyakarta (outside Bandung) because I prefer raw texture, and rougher. I prefer rougher texture, unlike the ones from Cibaduyut. I make all of my products by hand, and I don t use any machines to make them. This will make my products look more vintage moreover, I also need to make a design according to the character of my customers. Design for an illustrator should be different from the one for artists, and it will also be different from scrapbook, they will prefer more tenuous stitching my customers will need to feel that the book-binding I made matched their personalities, oh, this really fits me is the comment I would like to hear (Interview with Ibu Tarlen and friends in Bandung, on 20 July 2016). There are designs for repeat-order, I pay attention to my customers. If they ordered large number of products, the design will
13 not be too complicated because I will hire an assistant. These products are handmade, I make these by hand, I would not be able to fulfill the order there are also some designs for single order, one by one, I do not know whether I could make similar design for other people or not, because usually people s personalities are different from one another (Interview with Ibu Tarlen and friends in Bandung, on 20 July 2016). There should be some periodic changes of ideas/designs, usually I have personal idea I love comfortable materials that feel comfy to wear and it will also feel exclusive, different from other products I want my customers to get comfort and beauty of my products (Interview with Ibu Lenny and friends in Bandung, on 20 July 2016). The process for designing my products takes time, because I make my products from bronze, it has unique material and color, it is unique, and durable. There is one time that my material order takes longer time, and my starting asset also gets hold up and stuck for some time, but my inspired ideas should be in good quality and feel comfortable, especially for myself. The choice of material and color should be well-considered. (Interview with Ibu Lenny and friends in Bandung, on 20 July 2016). 2. Family business in Garut: I continue my father s business we have some employees. I also place my products in some stores in Bandung. The starting capital was already provided by my parents, in form of equipment, raw material, and employee (Interview with Rizal and friends, on 10 August 2016) 3. Product Variation in Tasikmalaya and Garut: Young people in Tasik start to like hanging out since I opened this café I named this café as Kafe Sekolah, because the customers are mostly high school students. The place is also a bit minimalist. The number of café in Tasik is not as many as in Bandung, so my place could be considered as a favorite place to hang out. Besides selling accessories, I also sell simple foods such as boiled noodles, and the price is also inexpensive, it is about to rupiahs. My café is quite successful, the profit could reach 30 million rupiahs a month (Interview with Bedul and friends, on 5 August 2016). in Garut, people have their own preference, either on clothes (mostly Garut batik) or foods. Since I was a kid, I was used to this preferences, and as I know about this, people will prefer to buy our product, which are mostly the residents of Garut. Now I am still trying
14 to add some variations. And I plan to have one or two variations each year to increase our selling (Interview with Rizal and friends, on 10 August 2016). 4. The Need of Establishing Networking: Bandung, Tasikmalaya, Garut For me, image branding is important I used to love blogging, but now I rarely did it because I move to instagram. I need to show profile data, hobby so that people who buy my products will know me the one who make the product for them. It s important because the number of people who love book binding is sparse, and we have more people from abroad I need to show that side of mine in their mind. Social media have huge part to play to expand networking, besides from mouth-to-mouth talk from people who bought my product. Alhamdulillah, in Bandung, even in Indonesia, people start to know that if they need book binding service, they will contact me (Interview with Ibu Tarlen and friends in Bandung, on 20 July 2016). In Tasik, there weren t many communities, unlike in Bandung. So, if I go to Bandung, I will make time as many as possible to have discussion about business, finding out current trends, and finding more friends to discuss about new ideas in business. Networking is indeed important, unfortunately it is still rare in Garut, and it probably might not exist in here. I still depend on friendship networking in Bandung and with my friends from ITB... (Interview with Bedul and friends, on 5 August 2016). We haven t had any plan to open our business in Bandung because the stores in Bandung had their own strategy it is different from the stores in Garut. We will need someone we could trust; in Garut, most of the small stores were owned by families for us, trust is an important factor. Having networking of course is a good thing to develop our business, but the networking should be trustworthy and reliable (Interview with Rizal and friends, on 10 August 2016). 4. Conclusion Based on the explanation above, some important points could be concluded; they are: 1. There was a tendency that entrepreneurs focusing on creative industry field in Bandung had started their business in younger age (earlier), which was between twenty-six and thirty years old, if compared to the other two research cities, Garut and Tasikmalaya. It was found in Garut, that the age of starting business tended to be
15 later. The businesses were run by entrepreneurs who was in between thirty-six and forty years old. 2. The starting capital needed by young entrepreneurs in Bandung focused more on their knowledge and skill asset, besides passion which encouraged the establishment of their creative industry. On the other hand, in Garut, entrepreneurs tended to prioritize monetary and equipment assets, because most of the businesses were family inheritance. In Tasikmalaya, the trend in trying new things as varieties of products started to emerge. Even though it was an attempt to emulate Bandung, the young entrepreneurs in Tasikmalaya were dauntless in developing their ideas in their home city. 3. Handcrafting industry in Bandung had limited market target due to its product uniqueness. The changing product and consistency of quality became important secret for entrepreneurs to sustain and develop their business. The business might not be instantly successful, but it could slowly develop and survive in the business world until today. Branding was another important factor that should be paid attention to from the start of business establishment and sustained well. 4. In terms of pricing, entrepreneurs in Bandung had higher power; therefore, higher price for their products. This would be caused by the design and product variation they offered. 5. Networking was deemed as equally important factor in all three cities, not only in Bandung. The difference among these cities was the fact that young entrepreneurs had the talent to build networking and nurture it due to the supporting business climate and atmosphere of the city. The numerous communities and well-known schools/universities in Bandung equipped the youths to establish their own creative industry in the city by applying their adequate knowledge and skills. Meanwhile, in other cities, there were not many communities, and the youths who were in favor of expanding their networking usually came to Bandung to join the community. There was a tendency that trend was created and started in Bandung. 6. Each city, Bandung-Garut-Tasikmalaya, had their own regional excellence and potential. Bandung had high creative climate and supported with big number of communities for creative people and huge varieties of design; Garut excelled in
16 their adequate number of labor and equipment (machineries) assets, further sustained by supporting local government; and Tasikmalaya that had local culture in forms of handcraft products that was continually developed and the potency of creative young people that could be further advanced. The local potential could be well-developed in creative industry sector on fashion and handcrafting field. It would be better if the potential was supported by policies made by both local and central government to use local products. With proper support from the government, the industries would be stronger and more developed than it was now. We also found the same result as the first year of research, that networking also plays an important role to explore creativity in Garut and Tasikmalaya (besides Bandung) city. Thus, Moeran s framework of driving and inhibiting factor of creativity added by one factor. Network proven to be important for all three cities observed in West Java, Indonesia. References Adler P.S., Kwon S.W., 2002, Social Capital: Prospects For A New Concept, The Academy of Management Review. Anderson A.R., Amith R., 2007, The Moral Space in Entrepreneurship: An Exploration of Ethical Imperatives and The Moral Legitimacy of Being Enterprising, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, ROUTLEDGE. Barlian, I., Manurung, E.E., Nawangpalupi, C.B. 2013, The Role Of Creative Young Entrepreneur For Entrepreneurship Expansion In Bandung, LPPM Report, UNPAR. Baker, K., 2008, Fostering a Global Spirit of Youth Enterprise, Preparatory Briefing of the Global Forum on Youth Entrepreneurship. Bell J., et al., 2004, Small Firm Internationalization & Business Strategy: An Exploratory Study of Knowledge-Intensive and Traditional Firm in UK, International Small Business Journal, SAGE. Bilton, C., and Leary, R., 2002, What Can Managers Do For Creativity?: Brokering Creativity In The Creative Industries, International Journal Of Cultural Policy, Vol.8 No.1, University Of Warwick. Boden, M.A., 1996, Dimensions Of Creativity, MIT Press, Cambridge, Londong, England.
17 Connor, J.O., 2010, The Cultural and Creative Industries: a Literature Review, Arts Council England. De Bono, E., 2008, Creativity Workout: 62 Exercises To Unlock Your Most Creative Ideas, Ulysses Press, Berkeley, United States. De Fillippe, R., et.al., 2007, Introduction To Paradoxes Of Creativity: Managerial And Organizational Challenges In Cultural Economy, Journal Of Organizational Behaviour, Vol.28 No.5, Wiley. Indonesia Trading Ministry, , Indonesia Economic Development Planning (Rencana Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif Indonesia) Jakarta. Indonesia Trading Ministry, 2009, Indonesia Creative Industries Study (Studi Industri Kreatif Indonesia) Jakarta. Florida R., 2002, The Rise of the Creative Class.. and How Its Transforming Work, Leisure, Community, and Everyday Life, New York. Howkins J., 2001, The Creative Economy: How People Make Money from Ideas, Penguin, London. Moeran B., 2011, Perspectives in Business Anthropology: Cultural Production, Creativity and Constraints, International Journal of Business Anthropology Vol. 2 (1). Simatupang, T. M, 2008, Indonesia Creative Industries (Industri Kreatif Indonesia). Management and Business School Of Bandung Institute Of Technology., 2010, Supply Chain Management In Creative Economy (Manajemen Rantai Nilai dalam Era Kreatif), Scientific Speech Professor On Assemblies Professor, Bandung Institute Of Technology.
Factors Influencing Consumer s Online Brand Usage Behavior: Evidence from Online Shoppers in Indonesia
DOI: 10.7763/IPEDR. 2012. V52. 7 Factors Influencing Consumer s Online Brand Usage Behavior: Evidence from Online Shoppers in Indonesia Almira Siagian 1 and Mustika Sufiati Purwanegara 2 1&2. Bandung Institute
More informationComparing the Business Process in Creative Industry at Bandung
Comparing the Business Process in Creative Industry at Bandung Iston Dwija Utama Creativepreneur Department Bina Nusantara Bandung, School of Creative and Technology Bandung, West Java 40181, Indonesia
More informationForming Competitive Advantages of Cultural and Creative Enterprises From the Perspective of Heterogeneous Resources
Management Science and Engineering Vol. 7, No. 4, 2013, pp. 68-73 DOI:10.3968/j.mse.1913035X20130704.Z002 ISSN 1913-0341 [Print] ISSN 1913-035X [Online] www.cscanada.net www.cscanada.org Forming Competitive
More informationProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 169 ( 2015 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 169 ( 2015 ) 125 130 The 6th Indonesia International Conference on Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Small
More informationMarketing Strategy Determination of Lampung Typical Batik in Micro Small Medium Enterprises in Bandar Lampung City by using SWOT Analysis
Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, Vol. 8, Supplementary Issue 2 244 Marketing Strategy Determination of Lampung Typical Batik in Micro Small Medium Enterprises in Bandar Lampung City
More informationThe E-Myth Revisited Why Most Small Businesses Don t Work And What to Do About It
Why Most Small Businesses Don t Work And What to Do About It By Michael E. Gerber In any given year, over a million new businesses are created in the United States and an astonishing 80 percent of them
More informationBUSINESS STUDIES UNIT 1 KNOWLEDGE ORGANISERS
BUSINESS STUDIES UNIT 1 KNOWLEDGE ORGANISERS MARKETING 1.1 Part 1 BUSINESS A business is an organisation whose purpose is to produce goods and services to meet the needs of customers. QUALITATIVE DATA
More informationCreative Industry Development Strategy in Bandung, Indonesia
Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, Vol. 7, Supplementary Issue 2 394 Creative Industry Development Strategy in Bandung, Indonesia Tetty Herawaty Department of Business Administration
More informationPart I Thinking Mode To Learn From Jay
A summary that s worth 2million RMB During 14th 16th, Nov 2015, Jay was in China giving his top 1 to 1 consulting seminar. 10 clients were on the stage to talk with Jay face to face, which they had paid
More informationJobs-to-be-done is developed primarily by
Jobs-to-be-done A new method to learn more about reasons for ticket purchases Billetcenteret, Det Kongelige Teater By Anna Lawaetz, Mira Bach Hansen, Martin Havn & Nina Gram. the ticket to meet for them
More informationThird Pillar: Knowledge, Innovation and Scientific Research
3 rd Pillar: Knowledge, Innovation & Scientific Third Pillar: Knowledge, Innovation and Scientific Overview of Current Situation The concept of knowledge,, and scientific research expands to include the
More informationcambridge Institute for Family Enterprise
Professionalizing the Family Business: It s Not What You Think It Is John A. Davis Cambridge Institute for Family Enterprise cambridge Institute for Family Enterprise At some point in the life of a family
More informationThe Effect of Work Motivation and Entrepreneurship Orientation on Business Performance through Entrepreneurial Commitments of Coffee Shops in Makassar
International Review of Management and Marketing ISSN: 2146-4405 available at http: www.econjournals.com International Review of Management and Marketing, 2017, 7(1), 470-474. The Effect of Work Motivation
More informationBranding in the age of social media: how entrepreneurs use social networks to boost their service-based businesses
DOI 10.1515/cplbu-2017-0011 8 th Balkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education and 10 th International Conference on Engineering and Business Education Sibiu, Romania, October, 2017 Branding
More informationTRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ITS FUNCTIONALITY IN ARTS ORGANIZATION
International Journal of Business and Society, Vol. 18 S4, 2017, 710-717 TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ITS FUNCTIONALITY IN ARTS ORGANIZATION Qistina Donna Lee Abdullah Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Khashini
More informationWe are at a real moment of transformation in Renfrewshire
re re re re re re group We are at a real moment of transformation in Renfrewshire Never before have we come together with such a clear, coherent and ambitious vision for culture. This has come out of working
More informationAnalysis on Psychology of Contemporary College Students Shopping Online Wei YAO
2016 3rd International Conference on Advanced Education and Management (ICAEM 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-380-9 Analysis on Psychology of Contemporary College Students Shopping Online Wei YAO Commerce and
More informationCustomer Knowledge and Awareness on Green Banking at Indonesian Public Banks
, March 15-17, 2017, Hong Kong Customer Knowledge and Awareness on Green Banking at Indonesian Public Banks Nilda Tri Putri, Elita Amrina, Gesti Astria Abstract This study aims at determining and improving
More informationName of Nominee: Ms Ho Ping Ping Name of company: Yapi Pte Ltd Name of Student Interviewer: Shahidah Bte Abu Date of interview: 19 th May 2017
Name of Nominee: Ms Ho Ping Ping Name of company: Yapi Pte Ltd Name of Student Interviewer: Shahidah Bte Abu Date of interview: 19 th May 2017 Q1) What is the nature of your business? Nominee: We are in
More informationCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Project Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. Ads can be a cost-effective
More informationStudy on College Students Carrying Out Leisure Sports Activities and Entrepreneurship Based on the State's Vigorous Development of Sports Industry
Asian Social Science; Vol. 14, No. 9; 2018 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Study on College Students Carrying Out Leisure Sports Activities and Entrepreneurship
More information6:20 How to Create a 14- Day Monetization Blitz Even Making $5,200 in a Single Day!
Webinar Table of Contents 6:20 How to Create a 14- Day Monetization Blitz Even Making $5,200 in a Single Day! 11:00 The Most Important Number You ll Ever Use in Your Business (To Make It Simpler, More
More informationLocal Tourism Promotion through Multilingual Vlog in Garut, Indonesia
Local Tourism Promotion through Multilingual Vlog in Garut, Indonesia 1 Pandu Purwadi, 2 Aini Novianty, 3 Deden Ardi Nugraha, 4 Yuanda Lestari 1,4 Facuty of Humanities, Padjadjaran University,Sumedang,
More informationIMPACT OF MUSIC ON ADVERTISEMENTS AND BRAND PREFERENCE
IMPACT OF MUSIC ON ADVERTISEMENTS AND BRAND PREFERENCE Sri Sailesh.V Amrita School of Business, Amrita University, Coimbatore, (India) ABSTRACT This paper extends research to find out whether background
More informationEVANGELISM AS A MARKETING STRATEGY- IN THE CHALLENGING AND INNOVATIVE BUSINESS SCENARIO
EVANGELISM AS A MARKETING STRATEGY- IN THE CHALLENGING AND INNOVATIVE BUSINESS SCENARIO Dr. M.SARAVANAN 1 SARASWATHY.T.R 2 1 Assistant professor, Department of International Business, Sree Narayana Guru
More informationChristmas survey 2017 What will Christmas have in store for Belgians this year?
Christmas survey 2017 What will Christmas have in store for Belgians this year? Christmas survey 2017 What will Christmas have in store for Belgians this year? Belgians spend less online compared to Europeans
More informationLEGAL NOTICE: We value integrity SO much, and we want to make clear what are expectations and guidelines are.
Created by Beth A. Grant LEGAL NOTICE: We value integrity SO much, and we want to make clear what are expectations and guidelines are. You may share this kit, in its entirety, with others for information
More informationCHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1. Conclusion The main objective of this research was to observe customer behavior on hair salon industry particularly premium priced salons located in shopping
More informationCultural Policy. The City Of Mississauga. Corporate Policy & Procedure Adopted by City Council, September 16, 2015
Cultural Policy The City Of Mississauga Corporate Policy & Procedure Adopted by City Council, September 16, 2015 CULTURAL CORPORATE POLICY AND PROCEDURE 1 Policy Statement The City of Mississauga is committed
More informationAlthough it is a personal affirmation, its impact may be seen in the leader s
CoachQuest Leadership Credo How do you intend to lead? Extraordinary leaders know that integrity is measured by how well actions reflect stated beliefs. When leaders act according to their moral compass,
More informationWho is Your Ideal Customer?
Who is Your Ideal Customer? This Mini Workbook will guide you through creating an Ideal Customer Avatar. About This Workbook WELCOME! Has anyone in the marketing world every asked you "who is your ICA?
More informationBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF CULINARY START-UP: A CASE STUDY OF KEDAI MAS GIBO
The Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Vol. 1, No.1, 2016: 29-42 BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF CULINARY START-UP: A CASE STUDY OF KEDAI MAS GIBO Muhammad Gilang Perdana Hamim and Dwi Larso School
More informationSomerset House seeks to be an inspirational creative community where contemporary culture is imagined, created and experienced.
Role: Department: Reports to: Salary: Working hours: Marketing Manager Marketing & Digital Director of Marketing & Digital Up to 32,500 (dependant on experience) Hours of work are an average of 37.5 hours
More informationYOUTH ODYSSEY. Page 1
2014 YOUTH ODYSSEY Page 1 2014 Youth Odyssey is a study that focuses on youths aged 15 21, a group that represents 6.1 million people in Great Britain (source: GB TGI). This is a time of change in the
More informationCOMMUNITY SELF ASSESSMENT
COMMUNITY SELF ASSESSMENT WHAT IS IT? A community self assessment (strategic plan) is basically an inventory and analysis of existing conditions that generates a list of community improvement projects.
More informationCHAPTER To investigate the factors influencing Thai people to buy tailor made suit at Bill International Bespoke Tailor.
CHAPTER 4 Results As mentioned in chapter 1, the main purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing customer at Bill International Bespoke Tailor toward buying tailor made suit. The objectives
More informationIDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES INFLUENCING ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND LINKS WITH CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION IN THE CONTEXT OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES INFLUENCING ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND LINKS WITH CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION IN THE CONTEXT OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT * Saam Sepehri and Abolfazl Moghaddam Department of Management,
More informationHow to gain consumer trust (and sell more products)
How to gain consumer trust (and sell more products) Introduction All brands and retailers want to sell more, but if the end goal is to simply sell any product to anyone, then the result is a lot of dissatisfaction
More informationANALYSIS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIAN CREATIVE INDUSTRIES: AN AHP APPROACH
ANALYSIS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIAN CREATIVE INDUSTRIES: AN AHP APPROACH Benyamin Parubak 1, Suryadi Hadi 2, 1 University of Tadulako, Faculty of Economics and Business, Soekarno Hatta, Palu
More informationToday, accountants are taking charge of their careers at an earlier stage. Jemelyn Yadao talks to bright Institute members under the age of 35
Rising stars Today, accountants are taking charge of their careers at an earlier stage. Jemelyn Yadao talks to bright Institute members under the age of 35 PHOTO: SAMANTHA SIN Just knock on the door and
More informationEFFECT OF QUALITATIVE ASSET TRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUES ON PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN OWNED ENTERPRISES IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA
International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management United Kingdom Vol. IV, Issue 12, December 2016 http://ijecm.co.uk/ ISSN 2348 0386 EFFECT OF QUALITATIVE ASSET TRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUES ON PERFORMANCE
More informationNOTE ON ENTREPRENEURIAL NETWORKS AND NETWORKING
NOTE ON ENTREPRENEURIAL NETWORKS AND NETWORKING It s often stated that it s who you know not what you know that leads to entrepreneurial success. Networks provide a conduit for the exchange of information
More informationCanada Spring 2014 Advertising Awareness Wave. July 2014
Canada Spring 2014 Advertising Awareness Wave July 2014 Insights This spring marked the full implementation of the new Dream Big brand across all of Visit California s (VCA) domestic and international
More informationAvailable online Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 2016, 3(6): Research Article
Available online www.jsaer.com, 2016, 3(6):228-232 Research Article ISSN: 2394-2630 CODEN(USA): JSERBR Empowerment of Entrepreneurs Batik In Masaran Sragen Adcharina Pratiwi 1, Asri Laksmi Riani 2, M Harisudin
More informationHarness the Power of Pinterest
Harness the Power of Pinterest The Cutting Edge Marketing Technique That Offers Big Payoffs Discover How to Join an Elite Band of Marketers Already Enjoying a Rich Harvest of Targeted Traffic From This
More informationBusiness and Personal Finance Unit 1 Chapter Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
0 Chapter 2 Finances and Career Planning What You ll Learn Section 2.1 Identify the personal issues to consider when choosing and planning your career. Explain how education and training affect career
More informationPersonal Finance Unit 1 Chapter Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
0 Chapter 2 Finances and Career Planning What You ll Learn Section 2.1 Identify the personal issues to consider when choosing and planning your career. Explain how education and training affect career
More informationSimplex Program in the age of Open Government
Simplex Program in the age of Open Government The Portuguese Program for Administrative and Legislative Simplification Simplex joins e- government and cutting red tape initiatives from different public
More informationEMERGING TRENDS IN E-MARKETING & IT S SCOPE AND EFFECTIVENESS IN INDIA
EMERGING TRENDS IN E-MARKETING & IT S SCOPE AND EFFECTIVENESS IN INDIA Abstract Ayan Saha Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Institute of Computer & Information Science, Bankura,
More informationThe Impact of Advertising on Consumer Purchase Decision with Reference to Consumer Durable Goods in Oman
International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR) Volume 5, Issue 12, December2017, PP 11-19 ISSN 2349-0330 (Print) & ISSN 2349-0349 (Online) http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2349-0349.0512002
More informationALIVE MEDIA GROUP Creativity, community and conversation in the heartland.
ALIVE MEDIA GROUP Creativity, community and conversation in the heartland. ALIVE Magazine ALIVEmag.com Relationship-Driven Marketing Solutions Creative Services 2017 MEDIA KIT We tell stories about interesting
More informationCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION. wide opportunity to introduce the products in order to gain consumers interest. People
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research Background Nowadays, many company promote the products through social media which influence marketing activities because of technology development. Social media gives
More informationMARKET SEGMENTATION, CUSTOMERS, AND VALUE PROPOSITIONS ANALYSIS FOR POLYMER CLAY ART BUSINESS START-UP
Binus Business Review, 7(1), May 2016, 89-93 DOI: 10.21512/bbr.v7i1.1488 P-ISSN: 2087-1228 E-ISSN: 2476-9053 MARKET SEGMENTATION, CUSTOMERS, AND VALUE PROPOSITIONS ANALYSIS FOR POLYMER CLAY ART BUSINESS
More informationDiversity in Publishing. Who are the readers interested in diverse books?
Diversity in Publishing Who are the readers interested in diverse books? Cultural Context In case you hadn t noticed, the question of diversity is the defining cultural debate of our times. And this debate
More informationHakka Ethnic s History of Pioneering Analysis of Women s Entrepreneurship In Miaoli County
Chinese Business Review, ISSN 1537-1506 February 2011, Vol. 10, No. 2, 131-136 Hakka Ethnic s History of Pioneering Analysis of Women s Entrepreneurship In Miaoli County Yu-Ning Hu National United University,
More informationBusiness Performance of Women Entrepreneurs in Iwapi City Bandung
Business Performance of Women Entrepreneurs in Iwapi City Bandung Meci Nilam Sari Department of Business Administration Science Faculty Social and Political Science University of Padjadjaran Mecinilamsari@yahoo.co.id
More informationContribution of Higher Education to Regional Cultural Development
Contribution of Higher Education to Regional Cultural Development Helen Pickering Executive Director: Universities for the North East (England) OECD/IMHE Conference Copenhagen 2006 The Issue of Cultural
More informationSOCIAL MEDIA FOR EVERY DAY CREATE YOUR OWN SOCIAL MEDIA PLAN BROUGHT TO YOU BY LEADERSHIP & LIPSTICK
SOCIAL MEDIA FOR EVERY DAY CREATE YOUR OWN SOCIAL MEDIA PLAN BROUGHT TO YOU BY LEADERSHIP & LIPSTICK Copyright 2015 by Leadership & Lipstick Brigitte Kobi You are welcome to share this checklist with your
More informationENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION
ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION Entrepreneurs play an important role in mounting and contributing to the economy of a nation. It is especially in a developing world, where plenty of opportunities for innovations
More informationToday s sayings. MIT Technology Review
Today s sayings Worship of innovators has distracted investors from realizing that most of them actually lose gobs of money. Real innovators don t earn profits. The law of the pioneer says that trailblazers
More informationGetting started To meet media and other deadlines, you will need to start promoting your programs at least six weeks to two months in advance.
Promotion guide To draw the audience you seek and create awareness about your exhibit and related programs, your organization needs to plan and implement an effective promotional campaign. The following
More information5 Steps to Personalized Marketing
5 Steps to Personalized Marketing What is Personalized Marketing Historically, marketing has been an all-or-nothing affair: messages are distributed to the largest possible number of people, attempting
More informationiphone Fandom Study Among College Students
CCTP 612 Shimeng Tong Dec 4, 2016 iphone Fandom Study Among College Students Fandom Background: Since the first iphone came out in 2007, Apple started to lead the trend of touchscreen smartphone globally.
More informationMARKET PERCEPTION: CANDIDATE EXPERIENCE SURVEY
1 OUR BUSINESS 2 MARKET PERCEPTION: CANDIDATE EXPERIENCE SURVEY % 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 71.4% HOW DID YOU HEAR ABOUT THIS ROLE? 42.9% LinkedIn Job Posting THE
More informationVIETNAMESE GENERATION Y CAREER AMBITION AND STARTUP DESIRE REPORTED BY NAVIGOS GROUP.
VIETNAMESE GENERATION Y CAREER AMBITION AND STARTUP DESIRE REPORTED BY NAVIGOS GROUP www.navigosgroup.com As we know, Generation Y (or Millennials) is a concept referring to people who were born from 1980
More informationAmerica s Workforce: A revealing account of what employees really think about today s workplace
America s Workforce: A revealing account of what employees really think about today s workplace 2013 Leading the charge In recent years, tough economic times and an unsteady job market have made most people
More informationSTYLING FOR SUCCESS.
STYLING FOR SUCCESS. WE MAKE YOU FEEL AT HOME! Pickup was this morning, and would just like to say that it has been an absolute pleasure working with Furniture Hire and Styling Australia. The service has
More informationFrom Customers to Brand Ambassadors How to find them, create them & keep them working for your brand
From Customers to Brand Ambassadors How to find them, create them & keep them working for your brand 1 Customer A person that buys goods or services. Brand Ambassador-Advocate An army of deliriously happy
More informationBA (Hons) Business (4 Years)
Do you want to learn about how to run your own business, but you re not sure if you qualify for university study? Studied over four years, we offer an integrated Foundation Year that is perfect to prepare
More information10 Things You Need to Know Before Buying a New or Used Cosmetic Laser
10 Things You Need to Know Before Buying a New or Used Cosmetic Laser Like brand new automobiles, brand new cosmetic laser equipment heavily depreciates as soon as it leave the manufacturer and enters
More informationIndicators for Measuring University Research Performance in Thailand
Indicators for Measuring University Research Performance in Thailand Somchai Numprasertchai Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Chatujak, Bangkok, THAILAND
More informationHow to Increase with Limited Resources Brand Awareness Tips on increasing Brand Awareness
How to Increase with Limited Resources Brand Awareness Tips on increasing Brand Awareness CONTENT What is Brand Awareness? Why brand awareness is important? Why Your Brand Needs Digital Marketing Strategy
More informationLesson:-02 DIFFERENT APPROACHES AND SYSTEMS OF MANAGEMENT, SKILLS, ROLES AND MODERN CHALLENGES
Lesson:-02 DIFFERENT APPROACHES AND SYSTEMS OF MANAGEMENT, SKILLS, ROLES AND MODERN CHALLENGES Objectives of the lesson After studying this lesson, you should understand: 1. The various approaches to management
More informationNewswire Influencer Marketing Guidebook
Newswire Influencer Marketing Guidebook Introduction Table of Contents Marketing Guidebook 1.1 Defining Influencer Marketing 1.2 Finding Your Definition of an Influencer 1.3 Brand Challenges Advertisers
More informationProfitably Serving the Working Class: What Financial Services CEOs Can Learn From Citizen s Bank CEO Phil Baldwin
Profitably Serving the Working Class: What Financial Services CEOs Can Learn From Citizen s Bank CEO Baldwin Leadership and strategy are two of my favorite topics, and I have been both amazed and encouraged
More informationZappos: Delivering Happiness Clothing, Customer Service & Culture
Zappos: Delivering Happiness Clothing, Customer Service & Culture Jane Judd Senior Manager of Customer Loyalty jjudd@zappos.com Twitter.com/juddj Slide 2 A Little About Tony our CEO 1994 1995: Pizza business
More informationliftemea.com elevating your communication
LIFT insight The world is changing faster and most of the companies and institutions are not able to follow it (few exceptions) because their foundation are based on a pre-digital environment. We have
More informationEXECUTIVE SUMMARY 25 SKILLS AND TRAITS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2017 Job Preparedness Indicator Survey: Hiring Managers Are Hungry for Applied Technology Skills and Receptive of Non-Traditional Students Presented by DeVry University THE CAREER ADVISORY
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of Study The digital era of the world today has changed many things in life. Many aspect in life has been demanded to adapt to the digital era and not like what it
More informationTHE ULTIMATE CUSTOMER PERSONA TEMPLATE
THE ULTIMATE CUSTOMER PERSONA TEMPLATE 1 BlueSteeleSolutions.com 1 BlueSteeleSolutions.com 940 312 7842 CONTENTS The Ultimate Customer Persona Template 3 Effective Marketing Is Tailored to a Specific Segment
More informationNCSSFL Interculturality Can-Do Statements
NCSSFL Interculturality Can-Do Statements The need for language competence in a global society touches every sector of life. From career preparation in an international workforce to citizen diplomacy and
More information...Let s talk business. Marketing the Product or Service
...Let s talk business Marketing the Product or Service Marketing & Sales The aim of marketing is to satisfy the needs of every customer as best you can, while making a profit. Market Research Your market
More informationEmployment Agency of Montenegro EXAMPLES OF GOOD PRACTICE PROGRAMS FOR YOUNG PERSONS. Branka Racković Brdo, 23rd October 2009
EXAMPLES OF GOOD PRACTICE PROGRAMS FOR YOUNG PERSONS Branka Racković Brdo, 23rd October 2009 Situation on the labour market as of 19th October 2009 Total number of job seekers: 27,871 (12,813 women) Unemployment
More informationEmployer Engagement Strategies and Effective Job Development: A Multidimensional Approach
Employer Engagement Strategies and Effective Job Development: A Multidimensional Approach Nancy Brooks Lane, MS, LPC, LMFT Senior Consultant Griffin Hammis Associates, Inc. Grounding In: Philosophy Methodology
More informationA Research Proposal: The Effect of Visual Merchandising on Female Consumer Shopping Behavior
Johnson & Wales University ScholarsArchive@JWU MBA Student Scholarship Graduate Studies Spring 2018 A Research Proposal: The Effect of Visual Merchandising on Female Consumer Shopping Behavior Caroline
More informationLeveraging Brand & Marketing Strategies to Increase Participation. Meg Bohart, RDN, LD October 2018
Leveraging Brand & Marketing Strategies to Increase Participation Meg Bohart, RDN, LD October 2018 Learning Objectives After this presentation, the audience will be able to: 1. Discuss the why behind marketing
More informationTable of Contents. 2 Introduction: Planning an Audit? Start Here. 4 Starting From Scratch. 6 COSO s 2013 Internal Control Integrated Framework
Table of Contents 2 Introduction: Planning an Audit? Start Here 4 Starting From Scratch 6 COSO s 2013 Internal Control Integrated Framework 8 Preparing for a Planning Meeting 10 Preparing the Audit Program
More informationThe Effects of Talent Management on Employees Performance in Oil Jam Petrochemical Complex (Oil JPC): The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction
International Journal of Economics and Finance; Vol. 8, No. 6; 2016 ISSN 1916-971X E-ISSN 1916-9728 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Effects of Talent Management on Employees Performance
More informationMore Than a Line on Your Resume:
More Than a Line on Your Resume: Marketing Your International Experience Presented by: Career Center for Vocation & Development Marketing Your International Experience So you ve just had one of the most
More informationMINDING OUR GAP REPORTING ON GENDER PAY
MINDING OUR GAP REPORTING ON GENDER PAY HI EVERYONE, As most of you will be aware, businesses with over 250 employees are required to report their gender pay gap. With over 400 people at CP, we re comfortably
More informationAgeism at Work: Older Workers and the Emerging Labour Market
Ageism at Work: Older Workers and the Emerging Labour Market CAG Symposium: Barriers to Employment in Later Life Sponsored by Aging and Paid Work Thematic Committee, PCLC October 17, 2014 Ellie D. Berger,
More informationGeneration Y Young Europeans Consumer Behavior. Magdalena Jaciow. University of Economics in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
China-USA Business Review, October 2015, Vol. 14, No. 10, 515-522 doi: 10.17265/1537-1514/2015.10.004 D DAVID PUBLISHING Generation Y Young Europeans Consumer Behavior Magdalena Jaciow University of Economics
More informationScholars Bulletin. DOI: /sb
DOI: 10.21276/sb Scholars Bulletin ISSN 2412-9771 (Print) (A Multidisciplinary Journal) ISSN 2412-897X (Online) An Official Publication of Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Website:
More informationThe Claude Littner Business School
The Claude Littner Business School We are a major provider of business degrees in the UK and our successful graduates go on to succeed in a wide range of industries and sectors often in senior roles. No.1
More informationThe Impact of Brand Name on Consumer Procurement
The Impact of Brand Name on Consumer Procurement Dr. Imad M. Assali Assistant Professor Chairperson of Interior Design Department, College of Arts, Science & Education, Ahlia University, Kingdom of Bahrain,
More informationAnna Sampson, Magnetic Lizzie Rankin, Magnetic Alison Drummond, Carat
Anna Sampson, Magnetic Lizzie Rankin, Magnetic Alison Drummond, Carat Contents 1 PAGE 1: Foreword PAGE 2: Executive Summary PAGE 3: Background PAGE 4: Methodology: An Introduction to ICE PAGE 5: Part 1
More informationModern offices SPEAKING
Modern offices ` SPEAKING Content In this lesson, we will look at some creative designs that are changing office dynamics and discuss the differences design can make on a working environment. Learning
More informationINFLUENCE OF BRAND ASSOCIATION TOWARD BRAND LOYALTY OF WEIDENMANN
INFLUENCE OF BRAND ASSOCIATION TOWARD BRAND LOYALTY OF WEIDENMANN Abstract Edbert Pradnyaputra 1, Rendra Chaerudin 1 1 School of Business and Management, Institute Technology Bandung, Indonesia Email:
More informationThis information pack has been designed for residents of the City of Yarra interested in volunteering within our local community.
City of Yarra Volunteer Information Pack 2008 This information pack has been designed for residents of the City of Yarra interested in volunteering within our local community. Whether you are an experienced
More informationA TRACER STUDY ON LPU-LAGUNA CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT BOARD PASSERS
A TRACER STUDY ON LPU-LAGUNA CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT BOARD PASSERS Ma. Leonora V. Alusen Assistant Professor ABSTRACT The objective of the Accountancy program is to produce highly qualified and competent
More information