In order to tackle every type of fire-fighting risk eau&feu offers a wide range of foam concentrates perfectly adapted to each situation

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2 In order to tackle every type of fire-fighting risk eau&feu offers a wide range of foam concentrates perfectly adapted to each situation

3 Foam and foam concentrates 4 Foam action 5 Foam concentrates applications 6 The differents types of foam concentrates 7 POLYPETROFILM 8 POLYFLUIDOL 9 S.F.P.M. 10/11 PETROFILM 12 TRIDOL S 13 FP FOAM MASTER 3F6% 15 FOAM MASTER 1/3 et 3/3 16 EXPANDOL 17 M51 18 FOREXPAN 19 FREE FOAM 20 Characteristics and range of foam concentrates 21 Standards 22 Classification of foam concentrates 23 Fluorosurfactants 24 Foam concentrates and environment 25 More than 50 years of experience 26 Emergency plan 27

4 Security staff face up to increasing risks because of the manufacture, transport, storage and delivery of flammable liquids. Foam is the best adapted extinguishing agent to provide a secure and efficient intervention to fight against liquid fires (Class B Fires): hydrocarbons and polar liquids. New foam applications have been developed: Using foam to blanket toxic flammable or not liquids to suppress harmful vapours. Addition to water, in fire extinguishers, sprinkler systems or water branchpipes. Addition to water at a very low concentration to obtain a wetting-foaming effect. Foam structure is an assembly of air bubbles in which the walls are made of premix. This foam solution is a dilution of foam concentrate in water at a level between 1 % and 6 %. The usual concentration is 5 %. Three components are needed to obtain foam: water foaming agent air 4

5 To create a combustion reaction, 3 elements are required: FUEL OXYGEN in the form of vapour from the air, to react with the fuel ENERGY to start the reaction, from a spark or flame. Foam works by the combination of 3 simultaneous actions: Preventing oxygen from reaching the fuel Stopping the emission of flammable vapours Cooling the surface of the fuel as the bubbles drain back to solution Foam expansion is the ratio of the volume of foam produced from a given volume of foam solution (foam concentrate + water) to the volume of the foam solution. So if one litre of foam solution produces ten litres of foam, the expansion is ten. There are 3 ranges of foam expansion depending on the quantity of air introduced into the foam solution. The more air that is introduced, the higher will be the foam expansion. 5

6 Low expansion produced by a branchpipe or monitor throws foam a long distance. Low expansion foam is not nearly so sensitive to atmospheric conditions (wind or rain) as medium or high expansion foam. It is stable and ensures a long lasting blanket. Low expansion foam is the type of foam most frequently used to fight very large fires in the petroleum, oil, and petrochemical industries. Medium expansion foam can be thrown up to ten metres. It is more sensitive to atmospheric conditions and its burnback resistance is inferior to that of low expansion foam. Medium expansion is useful whenever large volumes of foam must be produced from small volumes of water. It is also useful for suppressing vapours of toxic liquids and liquified gas. High expansion foam is directly poured from the generator. It is mostly requested to fill up big volumes such as: Warehouses Holds of ship Cable galleries... N.B: Added to water in fire extinguishers, sprinkler systems or water branchpipes, film forming AFFF and FFFP foam concentrates enhance the action of the water, and particularly provide a faster extinguishment of hydrocarbon fires. The application rate expresses the quantity of foam solution applied to a fire (in the form of foam) per square metre of fire area, per minute. AR FLOW OF THE SOLUTION FIRE AREA = Litres/m 2 /minute The application rate depends on different factors: nature of the flammable liquid temperature of the flammable liquid the thickness of the liquid layer which has been raised to a high temperature type of foam application used: gentle, forceful through foam pourer, monitor estinguishment time (minutes) critical application rate* optimal zone The knowlegde of the application rate advised for a foam concentrate is primordial to define the intervention equipments and installation: water resources quantity of foam concentrate required equipment/installation personnel 0 application rate (L/m 2 /mn) * The critical application rate is the minimum rate below which the extinguishment is not possible any more. 6

7 Foam concentrates are divided into two categories depending on the base used: The foaming base is hydrolysed protein made from hoof and horn meal. Protein-based foam concentrates make stable foams which give fast extinction and good burnback efficiency, even on very hot fires which have been burning for a long time before the foam attack. Protein-based foams are often used in the chemical and petroleum industries. The foaming base is made from hydrocarbon surfactants. Synthetic-based foam concentrates have the advantage of being able to be used at all levels of expansion, depending on the specific surfactants chosen. On the other hand, because of the chemical nature of their synthetic base they are less efficient on very hot fires, and have a poorer burnback resistance than protein-based foam concentrates. Foam concentrates are also categorised by the nature of the burning liquid they are used to extinguish. Hydrocarbon liquids do not dissolve in water, and are made of carbon and hydrogen atoms. To fight hydrocarbon fires, eau&feu has developed the following foam concentrates: After lead was removed from petrol, various additives were added to replace it. Oxygeneted compounds such as methanol, ethanol, MTBE, ETBE, and diester have been added to petrol. PETROFILM TRIDOL S FP 70 EXPANDOL Film-Forming Fluoroprotein FFFP Aqueous Film-forming Foam AFFF Fluoroprotein FP Standard Synthetic detergent foam (Syndet) These oxygenates make petrol behave like a flammable polar liquid, and it can no longer be considered to be a standard hydrocarbon. (AR : Alcohol Resistant ) FOR HYDROCARBON AND POLAR LIQUID FIRES There are different polar liquids, identified by the presence of different hydrophilic groups in their molecules. They belong to different families, such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, amines, etc Because of their low surface tension and their affinity to water they are really efficient as foam destroyers. Alcoholresistant foam concentrates have been specially formulated to resist to this destruction and can be applied both to polar liquids fires and hydrocarbons fires. They have identical hydrocarbon fire properties to those concentrates designed only for hydrocarbon fires, but besides this they can be used on polar solvent fires. eau&feu Alcohol-Resistant foam concentrates are: POLYFLUIDOL Film-Forming Fluoroprotein FFFP-AR POLYPETROFILM Film-Forming Fluoroprotein FFFP-AR S.F.P.M. Aqueous Film-Forming Foam AFFF-AR FOAM MASTER 1/3 & 3/3 Aqueous Film-Forming Foam AFFF-AR The addition of wetting-foaming agent to water to combat Class A fires reduces the surface tension and provides better spreading of the water and better penetration. eau&feu offers the following additives for Class A fires: M51/M51+ Wetting-foaming synthetic agent for Class A fires FOREXPAN Wetting-foaming agent specifically for wood fires 7

8 A superior quality Alcohol Resistant Film-Forming FluoroProtein Fire Fighting Foam Concentrate FOR HYDROCARBON AND POLAR LIQUID FIRES Low and medium expansion POLYPETROFILM P.P.F. is a protein- based material providing a tough cohesive foam blanket with high resistance to heat and giving the same post-fire security as a top quality FluoroProtein (FP). POLYPETROFILM foam provides the following advantages: Highly versatile to be used an all difficult fires : Polar liquids fires (ketones, aldehydes, ethers ) Hydrocarbon fires of all types Film-forming on hydrocarbons for fast flame knockdown and extinguishment. Stable and long-lasting foam blanket for excellent burnback resistance and post-fire security. Detergent-free for high resistance to fuel pick-up. Foam blanket re-seals when ruptured by personnel or equipment Reduced stocks, low cost storage, long shelf-life and low using levels. POLYPETROFILM is a superior quality Alcohol Resistant film-forming Fluoroprotein (AR-FFFP) fire fighting foam concentrate for extinguishing and securing flammable hydrocarbon and polar solvents liquids fires. Fluorochemical surface active agents combined with the protein base produce a vapour-sealing aqueous film on hydrocarbons which provides the same fast control and extinguishment as top quality synthetic AFFF. On polar solvents an insoluble polymer menbrane is formed and protects the foam blanket from the solvents. POLYPETROFILM provides a vapour supressing foam blanket on spills of hazardous liquids. CONCENTRATION USE 6/6 3/3 3/6 Hydrocarbons 6 % 3 % 3 % Polar liquids 6 % 3 % 6 % A forceful application on hydrocarbon fires is possible whereas a gentle one is preferable on polar liquid fires. POLYPETROFILM is the ideal fire fighting foam to use in high risk situations: Used where hydrocarbons (such as crude, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation kerosene) and/or polar solvents (such as alcohols, ketones, esters and ethers) are stored, processed or transported. It is extensively used by industrial and Municipal fire departments. Used for typical applications including: hydrocarbon storage tanks, process areas, warehouses, road/rail loading racks, power stations, marine terminal and offshore platforms, sprinkler installations. Foam TYPICAL USES GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATIONS POLYPETROFILM PREMIUM + 3/3 conforms to the EN Standards Class I at 3% Burnback Level A Aceton Class I at 3% Burnback Level B Isopropanol Class I at 3% Burnback Level A The classification depends on the version. (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Foam concentrate Version Version 3/3 Version 3/6 Version 6/6 Premium +3/3 Specific gravity 1.1 kg/l 1.1 kg/l 1.1 kg/l 1.1 kg/l ph at 20 C Viscosity at 20 C pseudoplastic pseudoplastic pseudoplastic pseudoplastic Pour point -14 C -15 C -14 C -14 C Sediment rate 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.1 % Surface tension 16 mn/m 17 mn/m 17 mn/m 17 mn/m Interfacial tension 3 mn/m 3 mn/m 3 mn/m 3 mn/m on cyclohexane Version 3/3 Version 3/3 Version 3/6 Version 6/6 Concentration 3 % 3 % 3 % 6 % 6 % Low expansion ,5 7,5 Drainage 25 % 6 min 00 3 min 00 3 min 00 8 min 00 5 min 30 Medium expansion Drainage 50 % 4 min 00 3 min 00 4 min 00 6 min 00 6 min 00 8

9 A superior quality Alcohol Resistant Film-Forming FluoroProtein Fire Fighting Foam Concentrate FOR HYDROCARBON AND POLAR LIQUID FIRES Low, medium and high expansion POLYFLUIDOL is a high quality Alcohol Resistant Film-Forming Fluoroprotein (AR-FFFP) fire fighting foam concentrate for extinguishing and securing both flammable hydrocarbon and polar solvent liquid fires. POLYFLUIDOL is blend of special fluorosurfactants and protein base which provides a high resistance to fuel pick up and a highly effective floating foam layer on a wide range of polar chemicals. POLYFUIDOL doesn t contain any polymers which is why this product remains Newtonian. TYPICAL USES SPECIFICATIONS POLYFLUIDOL provides the following advantages: Highly versatile to be used an all difficult fires : Polar liquids fires (ketones, aldehydes, ethers ) Hydrocarbon fires of all types Film-forming on hydrocarbons for fast flame knockdown and extinguishment. Stable and long-lasting foam blanket for excellent burnback resistance and post-fire security. Detergent-free for high resistance to fuel pick-up. Foam blanket re-seals when ruptured by personnel or equipment Reduced stocks, low cost storage, long shelf-life and low use levels. POLYFLUIDOL is a superior quality Alcohol Resistant film-forming Fluoroprotein (AR-FFFP) fire fighting foam concentrate for extinguishing and securing flammable hydrocarbon and polar solvent liquid fires. Fluorochemical surface active agents combined with the protein base produce a vapour-sealing aqueous film on hydrocarbons which provides the same fast control and extinguishment as top quality synthetic AFFF. POLYFLUIDOL provides a vapour suppressing foam blanket on spills of hazardous liquids. CONCENTRATION USE 5/5 Hydrocarbons 5 % Polar liquids 5 % Forceful application on hydrocarbons fires is possible whereas a gentle application is preferable on polar liquid fires. POLYFLUIDOL is the ideal fire fighting foam to use in high risk situations: Used where hydrocarbons (such as crude, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation kerosene) and/or polar solvents (such as alcohols, ketones, esters and ethers) are stored, processed or transported. It is extensively used by industrial and municipal fire department. Used for typical applications including: hydrocarbon storage tanks, process areas, warehouses, road/rail loading racks, power stations, marine terminal and offshore platforms, sprinklers installations. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS* (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Foam concentrate Version 5/5 Specific gravity 1.15 kg/l ph à 20 C 7 Viscosity at 20 C 17 mm 2.s Pour point -19 C Sediment rate 0.1 % Surface tension 17 mn/m Interfacial tension on cyclohexane 3 mn/m Foam Version 5/5 Low expansion 7.5 Drainage 25 % 3 min 00 Medium expansion 80 Drainage 50 % 4 min 00 High expansion 500 Drainage 50 % 3 min 00 * internal control tests 9 POLYFLUIDOL conforms to EN Standards with the following ratings Class I Burnback Level B Class I Burnback Level C (Aceton) Class I Burnback Level B (IPA) PARTICULAR QUALITIES Film-forming Sea water compatibility Frost resistance

10 A superior quality alcohol-resistant AFFF Fire Fighting Foam Concentrate FOR HYDROCARBON AND POLAR LIQUID FIRES Low, medium and high expansion S.F.P.M. foam concentrate (Synthetic Film-forming Polyvalent Multiexpansion) is a blend of hydrocarbon synthetic forming agents and fluorochemical surface active agents. S.F.P.M. foam provides the following advantages: Highly versatile to be used an all difficult fires: Polar liquid fires (ketones, aldehydes, ethers ) Hydrocarbon fires of all types Film-forming on hydrocarbons for fast flame knockdown and extinguishment. Stable and long-lasting foam blanket for excellent burnback resistance and post-fire security. Foam blanket re-seals when ruptured by personnel or equipment. Reduced stocks, low cost storage, long shelf-life and low use levels. S.F.P.M. is a superior quality Alcohol Resistant film-forming (AR-AFFF) fire fighting foam concentrate for extinguishing and securing flammable hydrocarbon and polar solvent liquid fires. Fluorochemical surface active agents combined with a foaming agent base produces a vapoursealing aqueous film on hydrocarbons which provides fast control and extinguishment. On polar solvents an insoluble polymer membrane is formed which protects the foam blanket from the solvents. S.F.P.M. 3/3 provides a vapour suppressing foam blanket on spills of hazardous liquids. CONCENTRATION USE 6/6 3/6 3/3 Hydrocarbons 6 % 3 % 3 % Polar liquids 6 % 6 % 3 % A forceful application on hydrocarbon fires is possible whereas a gentle application is preferable on polar liquid fires. TYPICAL USES S.F.P.M. is the ideal fire fighting foam to use in high risk situations: Used where hydrocarbons (such as crude, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation kerosene) and/or polar solvents (such as alcohols, ketones, esters and ethers) are stored, processed or transported. It is extensively used by industrial and Fire departments. Used for typical applications including: hydrocarbon storage tanks, process areas warehouses, road/rail loading racks power stations marine terminal and offshore platforms, sprinkler installations. S.F.P.M. conforms to EN Standards with the following ratings Class I Burnback Level A Class I Burnback Level A PARTICULAR QUALITIES Film-forming Sea water compatibitliy Frost resistance GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Foam concentrate Version 6/6 Version 3/6 Version 3/3 Specific gravity kg/l kg/l kg/l ph at 20 C Viscosity at 20 C pseudoplastic pseudoplastic pseudoplastic Pour point -11 C -15 C -12 C Sediment rate 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.1 % Surface tension 18 mn/m 17 mn/m 18 mn/m Interfacial tension on cyclohexane 5 mn/m 4 mn/m 5 mn/m Foam Version 6/6 Version 3/6 Version 3/3 Low expansion Drainage 25 % 14 min 00 8 min 00 7 min 00 Medium expansion Drainage 50 % 7 min 00 8 min 00 7 min 00 High expansion Drainage 50 % 6 min 00 6 min 00 6 min SPECIFICATIONS

11 Triple use foam concentrate FOR HYDROCARBON AND POLAR LIQUID FIRES Low, medium and high expansion S.F.P.M. M combines the AFFF synthetic alcohol-resistant foam concentrate characteristics to the wetting agent characteristics. 6 % FOAM CONCENTRATE 3 % FOAMING 1 % WETTING In order to offer innovating products,and a better facility of use, eau&feu R&D has developped a new concept of extinguishment agent: the wetting foam concentrate. S.F.P.M. M Hydrocarbon Polar liquid Class A fires fires fires While keeping its film-forming and alcohol resistance properties, S.F.P.M. M can also be used as a wetting agent from 0.3% concentration. TYPICAL USES S.F.P.M. M is intended to all foam concentrate users and to the wetting foam concentrates users. eau&feu gives you a performing and unique solution to the three different types of fires. SPECIFICATIONS S.F.P.M. M conforms to EN Standards with the following ratings Class I Burnback Level A Class I Burnback Level A PARTICULAR QUALITIES Film-forming Multipurpose Frost resistance CEREN report Sea water compatibitliy 0,3 % CONCENT RAT ION USE 11

12 Film-Forming Fluoroprotein Foam FFFP FOR HYDROCARBON FIRES Low and medium expansion Petrofilm is a film-forming fluoroprotein foam specially designed to enhance the combination between fluorosurfactants and protein to provide a fast control and extinguishment on hydrocarbon fires. PETROFILM foam is based on advanced protein foam technology. Fluorochemicals surface active agents combined with the protein base provide a fast control and extinguishment by the vapour sealing aqueous film. The protein base material provides a cohesive foam blanket with a high resistance to fuel pick-up and heat. Film-forming for fast flame knockdown and extinguishment Stable foam blanket for high burnback resistance Foam blanket re-seals when accidentally ruptured CONCENTRATION USE PETROFILM 6 : 6 % PETROFILM 3 : 3 % By its high resistance to fuel pick-up, PETROFILM can be used in forceful application and base injection systems. TYPICAL USES PETROFILM is perfectly adapted to be used in high risks situations: Hydrocarbon liquid fires (storage, process and transport) Fires which require fast action Storage tanks and secondary containment fires. Offshore platforms GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATIONS PETROFILM conforms to the EN standards with the following ratings: Class I Burnback Level A * PARTICULAR QUALITIES Film-forming Sea water compatibility Frost resistance ICAO Level B for Petrofi lm 3 and 6. (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Foam concentrate PETROFILM 6 PETROFILM 3 Specific gravity kg/l kg/l ph at 20 C Viscosity at 20 C 5 mm 2.s 8 mm 2.s Pour point -9 C -12 C Sediment rate 0.1 % 0.1 % Surface tension 17 mn/m 17 mn/m Interfacial tension on cyclohexane 5 mn/m 5 mn/m Foam PETROFILM 6 PETROFILM 3 Low expansion 8 7,5 Drainage 25 % 3 min 00 2 min 30 Medium expansion Drainage 50 % 2 min 30 2 min 30 * internal control tests 12

13 An AFFF that combines fast flame knockdown with rapid extinguishment FOR HYDROCARBON FIRES Low and medium expansion TRIDOL S is based on oleophobic fluorochemical surfactants which have high foaming properties and which produce a vapour suppressing aqueous film on flammable liquids. Specially formulated to maximise fire knockdown performance, with rapid foam cover and extinction, TRIDOL S is particularly suitable where fast fire attack is essential to save life or prevent major escalation. TRIDOL S can be used with standard low expansion foam making equipment and is available in either 6%, 3 % or 1% induction grades. The 1% grade has a low minimum use temperature and low temperature 3% and 6% grades are also available for storage and use in cold climates. All these grades are suitable for use with either fresh or sea water. The high foaming characteristics and its film forming ability, make TRIDOL S suitable for use with hand held non aspirating water spray nozzles. TRIDOL S is very effective as a rapid intervention medium in aviation or other risks where fast fire attack with limited quantities of agent is essential. It is compatible with and can be applied simultaneously with other foam types to the same fire area. The foam is compatible with all types of dry powder and can be used with dry powder/foam twin agent systems. CONCENTRATION USE TRIDOL S 6 : 6 % TRIDOL S 3 : 3 % TRIDOL S 1 : 1 % Solution draining from the foam produces an aqueous film on the surface of hydrocarbon liquid fuels. This contributes to rapid vapour suppression and fire extinction, even when using low application rates and with only a thin layer of foam present. The surface tension characteristics of the foam give it a positive spreading action over the fuel surface which helps to promote foam cover and extinction. FIXED SYSTEMS/STORAGE TRIDOL S can be introduced into fixed water spray or sprinkler installations to give greatly improved protection against inflammable liquid risks. This has particular application in stores, warehouses, loading bays or other localised risk areas. The highly concentrated 1% grade reduces storage and equipment costs and has particular application when using a bag tank foam proportioning system. Indefinite storage life is possible when the concentrate is kept in its original shipping containers, and the foam is also suitable for storage as a pre-mixed solution. Bulk storage tanks should be of stainless steel or of mild steel with protective epoxy paint. Foam properties are not affected by freezing and subsequent thawing of the foam concentrate. TRIDOL S conforms to standards NF EN : Class I Burnback Level A * PARTICULAR QUALITIES Sea water compatibility Frost resistance Film forming ICAO Level B. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATIONS (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Foam concentrate TRIDOL S 6 TRIDOL S 3 TRIDOL S 1 Specific gravity 0.99 kg/l 1.01 kg/l 1.02 kg/l ph at 20 C Viscosity at 20 C 2 mm².s 2,5 mm².s 5 mm².s Pour point* -1,9 C -2,6 C -8,4 C Sediment rate 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.1 % Surface tension 17 mn/m 17 mn/m 16 mn/m Interfacial tension on cyclohexane 4 mn/m 5 mn/m 3 mn/m Foam TRIDOL S 6 TRIDOL S 3 TRIDOL S 1 Low expansion Drainage 25 % 2 min 30 2 min 00 2 min 00 Medium expansion Drainage 50 % 4 min 00 3 min 00 3 min 00 * internal control tests 13

14 Fluoroprotein foam concentrate FOR HYDROCARBON FIRES Low and medium expansion FP 70 is made from specially hydrolysed protein combined with oil-repelling fluorosurfactants to produce very stable foam which can be used forcefully to attack deep-seated fires FP 70 spreads easily across fuel surfaces because it is fluid and highly stable in contact with warm surfaces. This makes it especially efficient for the extinction of large hydrocarbon fires. CONCENTRATION USE FP 70 is available in both grades: 3 % 6 % Due to its oleophobic property, FP 70 can be used in forceful application (monitor, branchpipes), and base injection systems. TYPICAL USES FP 70 is specially adapted for: Refineries, petroleum warehouses, port installations, unloading ramps Oil tankers Aircraft fires Engine rooms and stokeholes GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (According to NF EN 1568 Standards) SPECIFICATIONS FP 70 conforms to NF EN standards with the following ratings: Class II Burnback Level A * PARTICULAR QUALITIES Sea water compatibility Frost resistance Foam concentrate Version 3 % Version 6 % Specific gravity kg/l kg/l ph at 20 C Viscosity at 20 C 12 mm 2.s 10 mm 2.s Pour point -15 C -15 C Sediment rate 0.1 % 0.1 % Surface tension 27 mn/m 25 mn/m Interfacial tension on cyclohexane 6 mn/m 4 mn/m Foam Version 3 % Version 6 % Low expansion Drainage 25 % 3 min 30 6 min 00 Medium expansion Drainage 50 % 5 min 00 7 min 00 * internal control tests 14

15 A superior quality Fire Fighting Synthetic Foam Concentrate (Fluorine free foam) FOR HYDROCARBON AND POLAR LIQUID FIRES Low, medium and high expansion 100% biodegradable in 28 days. The FOAM MASTER 3F 6% Foam (Synthetic Polyvalent Multiexpansion) is a blend of hydrocarbon synthetic forming agents and polymers TYPICAL USES SPECIFICATIONS FOAM MASTER 3F 6% foam provides the following advantages: Highly versatile to be used an all difficult fires: Polar liquid fires (ketones, aldehydes, ethers ) Hydrocarbon fires of all types FOAM MASTER 3F 6% is a superior quality Alcohol Resistant fire fighting foam concentrate for extinguishing and securing flammable hydrocarbon and polar solvent liquid fires. On polar solvents an insoluble polymer menbrane is formed which protects the foam blanket from the solvents. FOAM MASTER 3F 6% provides a vapour suppressing foam blanket on spills of hazardous liquids. PARTICULAR QUALITIES Sea water compatibitliy Frost resistance CONCENTRATION USE 6/6 Hydrocarbons 6 % Polar liquids 6 % a forceful application on hydrocarbon fires is possible whereas a gentle application is preferable on polar liquid fires. WETTING AGENT FOAM MASTER 3F 6% used as a wetting agent at 0,2% concentration.. FOAM MASTER 3F 6% is the ideal fire fighting foam to use in high risk situations: Used where hydrocarbons (such as crude, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation kerosene) and/or polar solvents (such as alcohols, ketones, esters and ethers) are stored, processed or transported. It is extensively used by industrial and Fire departments. Used for typical applications including: hydrocarbon storage tanks, process areas warehouses, road/rail loading racks power stations marine terminal and offshore platforms. Foam concentrate 15 (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Version 6/6 Specific gravity kg/l ph at 20 C 7.5 Viscosity at 20 C pseudoplastic Pour point -8 C Sediment rate 0.1 % Surface tension 25 mn/m Interfacial tension on cyclohexane 1,2 mn/m Foam Version 6/6 Low expansion 10 Drainage 25 % > 1 h 00 Medium expansion 110 Drainage 50 % > 1 h 00 High expansion 600 Drainage 50 % > 1 h 00 * internal control tests GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS FOAM MASTER 3F 6% conforms to EN Standards with the following ratings Class I at 6% Burnback Level A Aceton Class I at 6% Burnback Level A Isopropanol Class II at 6% Fresh water Burnback Level C Sea water Burnback Level A

16 A superior quality alcohol-resistant AFFF Fire Fighting Foam Concentrate FOR HYDROCARBON AND POLAR LIQUID FIRES Low, medium and high expansion Foam Master foam concentrate (Synthetic Film-forming Polyvalent Multiexpansion) is a blend of hydrocarbon synthetic forming agents and fluorochemical surface active agents. Foam Master foam provides the following advantages: Highly versatile to be used an all difficult fires: Polar liquid fires (ketones, aldehydes, ethers ) Hydrocarbon fires of all types Film-forming on hydrocarbons for fast flame knockdown and extinguishment. Stable and long-lasting foam blanket for excellent burnback resistance and post-fire security. Foam blanket re-seals when ruptured by personnel or equipment. Reduced stocks, low cost storage, long shelf-life and low use levels. TYPICAL USES Foam Master is the ideal fire fighting foam to use in high risk situations: Used where hydrocarbons (such as crude, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation kerosene) and/or polar solvents (such as alcohols, ketones, esters and ethers) are stored, processed or transported. It is extensively used by industrial and Fire departments. Used for typical applications including: hydrocarbon storage tanks, process areas warehouses, road/rail loading racks power stations marine terminal and offshore platforms, sprinkler installations. SPECIFICATIONS Foam Master conforms to EN Standards with the following ratings. 1/3 3/3 Class I - 1% Class I - 3% Burnback Level A Class I - 3% Class I - 3% Acétone Burnback Burnback Level A Level B IPA Burnback Burnback Level A Level A BV Marine division, IMO, Last Fire. Foam Master is a superior quality Alcohol Resistant film-forming (AR- AFFF) fire fighting foam concentrate for extinguishing and securing flammable hydrocarbon and polar solvent liquid fires. Fluorochemical surface active agents combined with a foaming agent base produces a vapour-sealing aqueous film on hydrocarbons which provides fast control and extinguishment. On polar solvents an insoluble polymer membrane is formed which protects the foam blanket from the solvents. PARTICULAR QUALITIES Film-forming Sea water compatibitliy Frost resistance CONCENTRATION USE 1/3 3/3 Hydrocarbons 1 % 3 % Polar liquids 3 % 3 % A forceful application on hydrocarbon fires is possible whereas a gentle application is preferable on polar liquid fires. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Foam concentrate Version 1/3 Version 3/3 Specific gravity kg/l kg/l ph at 20 C Viscosity at 20 C pseudoplastic pseudoplastic Pour point -15 C -6 C Sediment rate 0.1 % 0.1 % Surface tension 18 mn/m 18 mn/m Interfacial tension on cyclohexane 6 mn/m 6 mn/m Foam Version 1/3 Version 3/3 Low expansion 8 9 Drainage 25 % 4 min min 00 Medium expansion Drainage 50 % 4 min 00 5 min 00 High expansion Drainage 50 % 4 min 00 6 min 00 * internal control tests 16

17 Synthetic foam concentrate FOR HYDROCARBON FIRES Low, medium and high expansion EXPANDOL Foam Concentrate is a blend of synthetic hydrocarbon foaming agents and stabilisers specifically selected to produce foams with a large expansion capacity and a high retention of water. EXPANDOL provide a high expansion foam used to produce an inert atmosphere in large spaces. It can be used in combination with Turbex, a high expansion foam generator, to provide a high expansion of EXPANDOL can also be used at low expansion to reduce the evaporation of some gas ; EXPANDOL 3 is particularly effective in controlling the evaporation of LNG spills. Indirect application, gentle application by top-pourer (foam pourer, overflow of foam). Highly stable, EXPANDOL foam is also used as a preventive measure, being applied to airstrips, workshops, holds of ships. TYPICAL USES The ability of EXPANDOL to quickly fill large volumes makes it suitable for the protection of: Hangars Shops and warehouses, wharfs Holds of ships Cable galleries Cellars, parking area, basements (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Foam concentrate EXPANDOL Specific gravity 1.03 kg/l ph at 20 C 7.0 Viscosity at 20 C 8 mm 2.s Pour point -15 C Sediment rate 0.1 % Surface tension 25 mn/m Interfacial tension on cyclohexane 2 mn/m SPECIFICATIONS EXPANDOL conforms with NF EN standards with the following ratings: Class III Burnback level B (fresh water) Class III Burnback level C (sea water) PARTICULAR QUALITIES Sea water compatibility Frost resitance GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS Foam EXPANDOL Low expansion 9.5 Drainage 25 % 8 min 00 Medium expansion 130 Drainage 50 % 10 min 00 High expansion 590 Drainage 50 % 4 min 00 *L EXPANDOL is also available in 6% 17

18 Synthetic foam concentrate with double action : Wetting + Foaming FOR CLASS A FIRES M51/M51+ are a blend of hydrocarbon synthetic foaming agents and stabilisers specially formulated to give a strong wetting effect at low use levels. The extinction of fires of solids (Class A) with M51/M51+ are brought about by the following actions : Cooling the heart of the fire to stop distillation of volatile substances. Smothering the fire by increasing the percentage of steam in the air and reducing the amount of available oxygen from the air. Penetrating deep into the heart of the fire because of the wetting effect. UTILISATION SPECIFICATIONS Wetting effect : M51/M51+, used as a wetting agent at 1% concentration reduces the water surface tension from 70mN/m to 23mN/m. Water can then easily infiltrate and penetrate through vegetation, wood, shavings, textiles, tyres, straw, silo, dwellings, and so on... and quickly cover a wider area. Foaming effect : M51/M51+, used as a foaming agent with a concentration between 0.3% and 1% isolates vapours as well as giving a wetting effect to reduce burning gas and smoke. M51/M51+ are particularly adapted for Fire Brigades every day interventions: small hydrocarbon fires ; cars, farm equipments, dwellings, buildings fires... CONCENTRATION USE Wetting : Foaming : M51 0,3 % to 1 % 0,5% M51+ 0,1 % to 1 % 0,5% M51+ conforms to EN Standards version 2008 with the following ratings: Class III at 1% Burnback Level B M51 conforms to EN Standards version 2000 with the following ratings: Class III at 3% Burnback Level c Concentrate GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (According to NF EN 1568 standards) De la solution M51 M51+ Specific gravity 1,02 kg/l 1,03 kg/l ph at 20 C 7,0 7,0 Viscosity at 20 C 8 à 9 mm 2.s 7 à 8 mm 2.s Pour point -15 C -15 C Sediment rate 0,1% 0,1% Flash point > 120 C > 120 C Surface tension water + M51 water + M51+ at 1% 23 mn/m 23 mn/m at 0,6% 23 mn/m 23 mn/m at 0,3% 25 mn/m 24 mn/m at 0,1% - 26 mn/m Foam M51 M51+ Concentration 0,5% 1% 0,5% 1% Low decantation 7,0 8,0 7,5 8,5 Medium decantation

19 Wetting additive FOR FOREST FIRES FOREXPAN is a foaming additive specially developed to fight against forest fires. FOREXPAN is a blend of hydrocarbon synthetic foaming agents and stabilisers specially formulated to produce foams with a high capacity for retaining water when used at low use levels. FOREXPAN is intented for land and air attack on forest. Foam mostly works by: Smothering the fire thanks to a foam blanket. Water penetration and spreading when used at low surface tension on vegetation. Humidification and rehydration of vegetation. Controls evaporation. CONCENTRATION USE 0,3 % to 0,6 % Concentrate GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (According to NF EN 1568 standards) Solution FOREXPAN Specific gravity 1,04 kg/l ph à 20 C 7,0 Viscosity at 20 C 20 mm 2.s Pour point < -15 C Sediment rate < 0,1% Flash point > 120 C Foam water + FOREXPAN Concentration 0,5% 1% Low expansion 8,0 10,0 Medium expansion Surface tension at 1% at 0,6% at 0,3% at 0,1% at 0,05% water + FOREXPAN 23 mn/m 23 mn/m 24 mn/m 28 mn/m 30 mn/m FOREXPAN has been tested by CEREN as wetting-foaming additives for land and air attack on forest fires. A comprehensive report is available. 19

20 Training foam concentrate FREE FOAM is a synthetic foam used for trainings. FREE FOAM contains no organofluorine compounds, or other non-biodegradable components, but the foam is similar to an AFFF foam (expansion and drainage). FREE FOAM is suitable for use at all training exercises where fire is not used. FREE FOAM is used at 3 %. COMPATIBILITY The training foam FREE FOAM is not for fire fighting and must be not mixed with those concentratres used for this purpose. STORAGE Proper storage and maintenance will help preserve the usable condition of the foam concentrates. It should be 5 years if stored in unopened containers. Storage materials : plastics (PVC, Polyethylen, Polter), some stainless steel.. WATER FREE FOAM is usable with all natures water : fresh water, brackish water, sea water. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearence colorless Density 1,010 Viscosity at 20 C 2 mpa.s Freezing point - 1 C Surface tension at 3% 25 mn/m Foam properties at 3% : Low expansion 9,0 25 % drainage 4 min 00 Medium expansion % drainage 4 min 30 High expansion % drainage 3 min 00 USE TEMPERATURES FREE FOAM is formulated for a use from 0 C to 50 C. Foam properties are not affected by freezing and subsequent thawing of the foam concentratre. ENVIRONMENTAL AND TOXICOLOGIC DATAS COD : 314 g/l BOD5 : 118 g/l FREE FOAM is not toxic and ensures his good release from environment. 20

21 eau&feu foam concentrates are very stable products which are guaranteed for 10 years, if kept in normal storage conditions: well packed and stored at room temperature. Foam concentrates of different types or brands should never be mixed unless tests have been carried out beforehand to ensure that there will be no loss in performance. STORAGE MATERIALS Some stainless steels and most plastics (P.V.C., polythene, polter). Under no circumstances should synthetic foam concentrates be kept for long periods in mild steel drums, containers or tanks. eau&feu foam concentrates have been formulated to be used from - 15 C to + 60 C. FOAM Finished foam from eau&feu foam concentrates can be used with finished foam from other types or brands of foam concentrates without loss of performance. POWDER Foam made from eau&feu foam concentrates is compatible with all types of fire-fighting dry powder, and so eau&feu foam concentrates are well-adapted for use in dual agent applications. If frozen they regain all their properties when thawed. eau&feu foam concentrates are usable with any type of water (tap water, briny water, sea water...). eau&feu foam concentrates are non toxic and biodegradable. Eau&Feu foam concentrates are all availables in 20L, 25L, 50L, 200L et 1000L. 21

22 Foam concentrates manufactured by eau&feu conform to the main international standards and more specifically to NF EN 1568 STANDARDS which define foam concentrates as follow: Specifications for low expansion foam concentrates intended for application to the surface of liquids which are not miscible with water (hydrocarbons). Specifications for low expansion foam concentrates intended for application to the surface of liquids which are miscible with water (polar solvents). Hydrocarbon Fires Polar liquid Fires Efficiency of extinguishment Class I = forceful Class I = gentle application application 3 min extinction 3 min Class II = forceful application 3 min extinction > 3 min 4 min Class II = gentle application Burnback level A - B - C - D A - B - C Specifications for medium expansion foam concentrates intended for application to the surface of liquids which are not miscible with water (hydrocarbons). Specifications for high expansion foam concentrates intended for application to the surface of liquids which are not miscible with water (polar liquids). Evolution of the EN 1568 standards: 2008 version The EN 1568 standards has been revised and published in This revision includes 4 minor changes and 2 major changes. The minor changes concern: Temperature conditioning of foam concentrate Measures of expansion and drainage after temperature conditioning Labelling Stainless steel fire trays The major changes concern: EN : The burnback level is fixed during the test of fire according the EN standard. The determination of the burnback level has not changed. Burnback time 25%>10 min (A level). Up to now the bunback was judged on the power of the fire and the burnback level was fixed when that power overtook 25% of the initial power of the fire (measuring by fluxmetres). The 2008 standard evolution now determines the burnback considering a surface instead of a power. This new version induces a reclassification of the majority of the foam concentrates which have been recertified according to 2008 standard from A level to B level. EN : Addition of a second flammable liquid The 2008 version introduces a test on isopropanol in addition to the existing test on aceton. Therefore the foam concentrates will have to comply with the specifications of the classification for these 2 flammable liquids. 22

23 POLYPETROFILM 3/3 POLYPETROFILM PREMIUM + 3/3 POLYPETROFILM 3/6 STANDARDS POLYPETROFILM 6/6 FOAM MASTER 1/3 S.F.P.M. 3/3 S.F.P.M. 3/6 S.F.P.M. 6/6 POLYFLUIDOL 5/5 PETROFILM 3 PETROFILM 6 TRIDOL S 1 TRIDOL S 3 TRIDOL S 6 FP 70 3% FOAM MASTER 3F6% FP 70 6% EXPANDOL P = protein S = synthetic P S P S P S P S Foam concentrate IDENTIFICATION Viscosity Use concentration advised for: hydrocarbon fires polar liquid fires Application on hydrocarbons on polar chemical products Pseudo-plastic 3% 3% 6% 3% 6% 6% forceful application gentle application Pseudo-plastic 1% 3% 3% 6% 3% 3% 6% 6% forceful application gentle application Newtonian 5% 5% forceful application gentle application Pseudoplastic 6% 6% forceful application gentle application Newtonian 3% 6% - - forceful application - Newtonian 1% 3% 6% forceful application - Newtonian 3% 6% - - forceful application - Newtonian 3% gentle application - Foam expansion Low Medium Low Medium High Low Medium Low Medium High Low Medium Low Medium Low Medium Low Medium High NF EN NF EN NF EN NF EN Film-forming no no no PARTICULAR QUALITIES Sea water quality Frost resistance Temperature of use Biodegradability -15 C +60 C -15 C-12 C-15 C-11 C +60 C -15 C +60 C -8 C +60 C -15 C +60 C -8,4 C -2,6 C-1,9 C +60 C -15 C +60 C -15 C +60 C Toxicology Not toxic Not toxic Not toxic Not toxic Not toxic Not toxic Not toxic Not toxic

24 There are 2 methods of fluorosurfactants synthesis This process is based on the use of PFOA* and produces some PFOS**. This process used by DUPONT company allows the synthesis of fluorosurfactants stemmed from fluoro-nated which do not produce PFOS**. In 2000 the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) has declared that PFOS** is a Toxic and Bioaccumulative Persistant molecule : TBP. The use of PFOS** in fire-fighting foam is now forbidden. The use of foam concentrates made from PFOS** has been forbidden since 27 th june A program to reduce the emissions of PFOA* has been launched in the United States. All the fluoro surfactants manufacturers have to reduce to 5% the PFOA* percentage in their products, for end of year Its complete elimination will be effective for By signing the AFDAE Charter eau&feu ensures that it never has used and will never use some Fluorosurfactants producing PFOS**. * PFOA : PerFluoroOctanoic Acid - ** PFOS : PerFluoroOctyl Sulfonates 24

25 The main function of firefighting foams is to save lives and protect equipment. Because of their efficiency they are able to reduce fire risks and consequences to the environment. It is important to understand the impact of fire fighting foam concentrates on the environment, both during real incidents, and during training. There are two main aspects concerning the interaction of foam with its surroundings : Toxicity for human beings, fauna, flora, Biodegradability. This is the biological effect of a substance or preparation (foam concentrate) on the environment. Tests are carried out in the laboratory to study preparations and their impact on environment (aquatic and land, human toxicity excepted) I. ECOTOXICITY This is the effective Concentration in water of a material such as foam concentrate which would produce a particular response in 50% of a batch of test animals (eg. Fatality of daphnia) or a 50% reduction in a particular response (eg. Inhibition of the growth of algae). II. BIODEGRADABILITY Capacity of being broken down into innocuous products by the action of living creatures such as micro-organisms. If the lethal concentration, LD-50 oral (on rat) is > 2000mg/kg, foam concentrate is non toxic. If 48 hours later the EC 50 daphnies is > 100mg/l, the foam concentrate is not harmful. All eau&feu foam concentrates are non-toxic to human beings, fauna and flora: they are biodegradable. Scientific studies have revealed that protein-based foam concentrates have a better ecotoxicology than synthetic foam concentrates, due to their natural protein component. 25 Capacity of being broken down into innocuous products by the action of living creatures such as micro-organisms. If the lethal concentration, LD-50 oral (on rat) is > 2000mg/kg, foam concentrate is non toxic

26 eau&feu controls the whole chain from the creation of the products up to the customer service. Teams of engineers, scientists and technicians use the latest analytical equipment in modern laboratories and are involved in: R&D Technological advances in order to invent the products of the future Development of foam concentrates Manufacturing process All these steps from raw materials (protein and synthetic based surfactants) up to the finished products take place in the eau&feu production plant. Flexible and wide-ranging, this unit ensures a rapid response to emergencies, and users requests: Installation with large production capacity A constant stock of litres of foam is held in bulk and drums. The quality control service ensures product reliability by carrying out regular tests according to the relevant standards and specifications. The commercial team is permanently involved: Advice for selecting the appropriate foam concentrate Follow up of foam concentrate kept in stock (regular analyses and tests reports ) Support and assistance with particular requests and problems to solve 26

27 L MULTIPURPOSE FOAM LITRES FOAM CONCENTRATES FOR HYDROCARBONS PETROFILM FFFP TRIDOL S AFFF FP 70 POLYFLUIDOL FFFP-AR POLYPETROFILM FFFP-AR SFPM AFFF-AR FOAM MASTER 3F 6% FOAM MASTER I/3 et 3/3 INCLUDING LITRES ALCOHOL-RESISTANT FOAM CONCENTRATES FOR POLAR LIQUIDS AND HYDROCARBONS POLYFLUIDOL POLYPETROFILM SFPM FOAM MASTER 3F 6% FOAM MASTER I/3 et 3/3 Over than metres always in stock, including: m of ø m of ø m of ø 110 ready for shipment 27

28 Zone Industrielle Sud-Est Rue Aloys Senefelder Reims - France tél. +33 (0) fax +33 (0) contact@eauetfeu.fr Photos : SDIS 13, SDIS 56, E. Regouby Reims, photothèque Pulsi - Documentation Eau&Feu janvier 2014