Combined (Pyro + Hydro) technology for FR SNF reprocessing

Transcription

1 State ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ Atomic Energy Corporation КОРПОРАЦИЯ ROSATOM ПО АТОМНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ «РОСАТОМ» Combined (Pyro + Hydro) technology for FR SNF reprocessing A.Shadrin, S. Veselov, K. Dvoeglazov, V. Volk, O. Shmidt Bochvar Institute (VNIINM), Moscow M. Kormilitsyn, A. Osipenko RIAR, Dimitrovgrad FR-2013 March, 4-7 Paris, France

2 Imperative 1. Safety Basic requirements to FR SNF reprocessing technologies 2. Ecological acceptance 3. Economic efficiency Technical The more precise the measurement of position, the more imprecise the measurement of momentum, and vice versa. Werner Heisenberg, Ability to reprocess SNF with low cooling time and high burnup 2. Non-proliferation 3. Pu loss less than 0,1 % 4. End products should suit for fuel fabrication 5. Low volume of high-level waste 6. Partitioning 2

3 Dense fuel Almost no experience High Pu concentration Non-proliferation and nuclear safety difficulties Low cooling time High activity, high heatemission 3

4 Basic requirements to FR SNF reprocessing technologies 1. Ability to reprocess SNF with low cooling time and high burnup 2. Non-proliferation 3. Pu loss less than 0,1 % 4. End products should suit for fuel fabrication 5. Low volume of high-level waste 6. Partitioning Pyro + Hydro = Combined 4

5 Combined FR SNF reprocessing technology (Pyrochemistry + hydrometallurgy) SNF Pyrochemical extraction of U, Pu, Np (Am, Tc) ( purification grade of U+Pu from fission products up to 10 2 ) Electrolyzer Metal fission products (to partitioning and disposal) Crude cathode residues collection, electrolyte distillation, grinding, dissolving Electrolyte with dissolved fission products (to fission products extraction and electrolyte recycle) Hydrometallurgical refinement of Pu-U (Np) U + Pu (Np) ( purification grade from fission products ) To nuclear fuel fabrication 5

6 Combined scheme 1. Suits all technical requirements 2. Allows to reprocess FR SNF with high burnup ad low cooling time 3. Is able to reprocess any type of FR SNF 4. Allows to produce U-Pu-Np product of any purification grade Objective: Remain economically effective while suiting safety and ecology requirements 6

7 Economic estimates of FR SNF reprocessing technologies (based on materials of JAEA presented at Global 2007 и 2009) Reprocessing costs, JPY/kW h 2 6 reactors BN-1200 Reprocessing, tons per year A.V. Khapersaya, STC NIKIET-FEI-VNIINM, October, tons of Pu present in production while reprocessing 300 tons of TR SNF per year 2-4 tons goes with 20 tons of FR SNF 7

8 Combined scheme ow to proceed from existing technologies to the needed? Processes development in laboratory and at Polyfunctional Radiochemical Complex (PRC) 8

9 Combined (Pyro + Hydro) Technology flowsheet SNF Cutting Dissolution in Zn U-Pu-Np- (Am 10%) Electrorefining FM Electrolyte clean-up (FM removal) U-Pu-Np Refinement NF fabrication and fuel bundle assembling Partitioning Am, Cm, REE Cm, RRE Electrolyte clean-up (Am, Cm, REE removal) Electrolyte clean-up (regeneration) Strippable electrolyte curing Electrolyte HLW (Cs, Sr) Fuel bundle Am??? Water and acid regeneration 9

10 Experiment with gas purification system for pellet shell removal using Zn Zn sample before vacuum distillation and residue after experiments #1 and #2 respectively

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12 Examination of molten muratait ceramic samples Oxide Concentration Charge components, w. % TiO 2 55 MnO 2 10 CaO 10 Al 2 O 3 5 Fe 2 O 3 5 ZrO 2 5 Real oxide precipitate components, w. % (Bq/g) U 0,42 Pu <0, Am 5, (Bq/g) 137 Cs 3, (Bq/g) 154 Eu 1, (Bq/g) 144 Ce 8, (Бк/г) Contents of produced murtait ceramic with real oxide precipitate Sample of muratait ceramic 12

13 Hydrometallurgical operations ivestigation Mixed U(VI),Pu(VI),Np(VI) nitrates crystals 1 2 Microphotography of crystals in secondary electrons Separator with upper 13

14 Multifunctional Radiochemical Complex 14

15 General view of universal technological module for pyrochemical SNF reprocessing Clean media and controlling and measuring instrumentation port Module fixation mechanism Installation room Removable plate Transport system elements Inert gas recirculation MTU system Connecting socket Module installation guide Modernized Brokk 50 Contaminated media pipelines Gear with guidance system and compensation Force sensor Tram Extractable hermetic container Piping alley 15

16 Multifunctional Radiochemical Complex Administrative bulding Blowdown stack Waste outlet SNF inlet Main building Module gas feed station 16

17 We plan to test combined (pyro + hydro) technology on Multifunctional Radiochemical ЗЯТЦ Complex 17