Principles of Science Intro to Ionic Formulas. Write the formula for each of the following compounds.

Transcription

1 Intro to Ionic Formulas Write the formula for each of the following compounds. Part 1 1. potassium oxide magnesium chloride gold (III) bromide beryllium fluoride yttrium (III) sulfide rubidium oxide chromium (III) oxide manganese (IV) oxide calcium sulfide iron (III) oxide iron (II) phosphide 11. Part magnesium nitrate sodium hydroxide mercury (II) sulfate manganese (II) sulfate lead (II) phosphate ammonium sulfide aluminum chlorate copper (I) carbonate aluminum nitrate 20. Part ferric nitrate ferrous nitrate plumbous chloride stannic hydroxide niobium (V) oxide 25. 1

2 Writing Ionic Formulas 1. Write the formulas for the following ionic compounds: a. potassium chloride b. tin(ii) bromide c. calcium nitride d. sodium fluoride 2. Write the ionic formula for the compound lithium chloride. 3. Copper is found in a number of different ores, among them cuprite (copper (I) oxide), nantokite (copper (I) chloride), and chalcocite (cop per (I) sulfide). Write the formulas for these three compounds. 4. Titanium is a metal commonly used in building airplanes and rockets, because it is light and is stronger than either steel or aluminum. Titanium is most commonly found in the form of the mineral rutile as titanium (IV) oxide. Write the ionic formula for this compound. 5. Mercury is obtained by heating the ore cinnabar; or mercury (II) sulfide. Write the ionic formula for mercury (II) sulfide. 6. Iridium is named after the Latin word for rainbow because the ionic salts it forms are of many different colors. An example of this is the two kinds of iodine compounds formed with iridium: one, iridium (III) iodide, is a green crystalline compound, while the other, iridium (IV) iodide, consists of black crystals. Write the ionic formula for each of these iridium compounds. 7. The mineral molybdenite is the main source of the element molybde num, which is added to steel and other alloys to strengthen them. Molybdenite consists of the compound molybdenum (IV) sulfide. Wri te the ionic formula for this compound. 8. The human body needs small quantities of iodine in order for the thy roid gland to function normally. Potassium iodide is used in table salt as a dietary source of iodine. Write the ionic formula for potassium io dide. 9. Iron (III) bromide and iron (II) bromide, also known as ferric bromide and ferrous bromide, respectively, are both used in organic chemistry as catalysts. Write the ionic formula for each of these compounds. 10.Calcium chloride is commonly used as a drying agent. Write the ionic formula for this compound. 11. Tin (II) fluoride, also known as stannous fluoride, has been used in toothpaste to help prevent tooth decay. The presence of fluoride ions helps tooth enamel to resist attack by acids. Write the ionic formula for tin (II) fluoride. 2

3 12. Write the ionic formula for the compound strontium bromide. 13. Many ionic compounds that contain calcium have been in use for so long that they are often identified by their mineral or common names, which were given to them before their chemical composition was de termined. Write the ionic formulas for the following calcium com pounds, whose common or mineral names are in parentheses: a. calcium oxide (quicklime) b. calcium fluoride (fluorite or fluorspar) c. calcium carbonate (calcite) 14. One of the features that has made gold attractive for centuries is that it does not lose its luster. This is because gold, unlike many metals, does not react with air or water. In fact, gold is not highly reactive at all. Nevertheless, there are a few gold compounds. Among the more com mon of these are gold (III) chloride and gold (I) cyanide. Write the ionic formulas for these two compounds. 15. The element manganese is used in the production of types of steel, serves as a catalyst, and is the primary source of color in amethyst. The two forms of ore from which manganese is extracted are pyro lusite, or manganese (IV) oxide, and rhodochrosite, or manganese (II) carbonate. Determine the ionic formulas for these two compounds. 16. Certain compounds change colors when water is incorporated into their crystal structure. One example of these compounds is cobalt (II) chloride, which is naturally lavender in color and turns a pinkish red when water is added. Another example is copper (II) sulfate, which turns from white to deep blue when water is added. Write the ionic formulas for these two compounds. 17. The word chromium is derived from the Greek word for color, and the element chromium is so named because of the bright colors that many of its compounds have. Listed below are several chromium com pounds and, in parentheses, their colors. Write the ionic formulas for these compounds. a. chromium(vi) oxide (red) b. chromium(ii) hydroxide (yellow-brown) c. chromium(iii) oxide (green) d. chromium(iii) chloride (violet) 18. A common compound added to fireworks to produce a red glare is strontium nitrate. Strontium nitrate is also used in signal flares and matches. Write the ionic formula for this compound. 19. Sodium bicarbonate, which is also known as baking soda, is used in various applications where carbon dioxide must be produced (such as baking) or where a mild base is needed. The bicarbonate ion is also called the hydrogen carbonate ion, because it consists of a carbonate ion bonded with a hydrogen ion. Write the ionic formula for sodium bicarbonate. 20. The ammonium ion is a polyatomic cation that is widely used. Below are listed several ammonium compounds along with a description of their uses. Write the ionic formula for each of these compounds. a. ammonium chloride (used in batteries) b. ammonium hydroxide (used in a solution as a cleanser, liquid am monia) c. ammonium nitrate (used in fertilizers) d. ammonium sulfate (used in fertilizers and as a buffer in baking) 3

4 21. Aluminum sulfate has been widely used for the last 150 years as a "size," which is a substance used to make paper smooth and easy to write or print on. Unfortunately, the mixture using aluminum sulfate becomes acidic from the formation of sulfuric acid, and so causes pa per to become brown and brittle. Write the ionic formula for alu minum sulfate. 22. Cobalt (II) phosphate is a compound used in a number of paint pig ments, giving them a rich purple color. Write the ionic formula for this compound. 23. Manganese can combine with oxygen to form several compounds and anions. a. The compound potassium permanganate is used as an indicator of when a solution has reached a certain level of acidity. It consists of potassium and the permanganate ion, which is made from man ganese (VII) and four oxygen atoms. Write the ionic formula for potassium permanganate. b. The compound manganese (VII) oxide is a neutral ionic compound. Write its formula. 4

5 Chemical Formula Worksheet In the 1 st 2 columns write the correct chemical formula, in the 2 nd the correct name. Name Formula Formula Name Magnesium Fluoride Ca F 2 Lithium Chloride Calcium Chloride KBr CuCl Copper (I) Iodide CuCl 2 Potassium Bromide CuO Aluminum Oxide AlCl 3 Iron(II) Oxide AgCl Aluminum Sulfide MgI 2 Sodium Chloride NaBr Barium Chloride ZnCl 2 Sodium Acetate Iron (III) Sulfate FeS LiF Iron (III) Sulfide PbO 2 Sodium Hydroxide AgNO 3 Ammonium Bromide Na 2 CO 3 Potassium Sulfate (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Aluminum Nitrite KNO 3 Barium Chlorate NaC 2 H 3 O 2 Potassium Nitrate Mg CO 3 Ammonium Phosphate Al (C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 3 Hydrogen Hydroxide Fe (NO 3 ) 3 Calcium Chlorate Ca CO 3 Copper (II) Nitrate Be(NO 2 ) 2 Ammonium Chloride Sr(OH) 2 5

6 Naming Ionic Compounds Give the name of the following ionic compounds: 1) Na 2 CO 3 2) NaOH 3) MgBr 2 4) KCl 5) FeCl 2 6) FeCl 3 7) Zn(OH) 2 8) BeSO 4 9) CrF 2 10) Al 2 S 3 11) PbO 12) Li 3 PO 4 13) TiI 4 14) Co 3 N 2 15) Mg 3 P 2 16) Ga(NO 2 ) 3 17) Ag 2 SO 3 18) NH 4 OH 19) Al(CN) 3 20) Be(CH 3 COO) 2 6

7 For the following compounds, give the formulas 21) sodium phosphide 22) magnesium nitrate 23) lead (II) sulfite 24) calcium phosphate 25) ammonium sulfate 26) silver cyanide 27) aluminum sulfide 28) beryllium chloride 29) copper (I) arsenide 30) iron (III) oxide 31) gallium nitride 32) iron (II) bromide 33) vanadium (V) phosphate 34) calcium oxide 35) magnesium acetate 36) aluminum sulfate 37) copper (I) carbonate 38) barium oxide 39) ammonium sulfite 40) silver bromide 41) lead (IV) nitrite 7

8 Ionic Compounds Write the names of these ionic compounds 1. CsBr 3. Hg 2 S 5. NiCl 3 7.CaI 2 9.BeO Write formulas for these ionic compounds 11. Chromium (IV) oxide 13. Aluminum oxide 15. Silver sulfide 17. Nickel (II) sulfate 19. Potassium dichromate 2. BaSO 4 4. Cr 2 (CO 3 ) 3 6. SnF 2 8.Li 3 N 10.Cu(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) Chromium (III) oxide 14. Nickel (II) bromide 16. Magnesium chloride 18. Iron (III) phosphate 20. Lead (IV) hydroxide Write the names of these ionic compounds 21 TiO CsF 25. Ba(NO 3 ) Fe 2 O Pb(NO 3 ) NH 4 F 27. NaNO AuCl CeO 2 30.(NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 Write formulas of these ionic compounds. 31. Ruthenium (III) nitride 33. Calcium nitrite 35.Manganese (II) sulfite 37. Cobalt (III) chromate 39. Rubidium cyanide 32. Titanium (IV) nitrate 34. Sodium sulfate 36. Rhenium (II) phosphate 38. Yttrium (II) dichromate 40. Nickel (II) acetate 8

9 Covalent Compounds Worksheet 1. SO 3 2. CO 3. CS 2 4. CCl 4 5. N 2 O 6. As 2 S 3 7. NI 3 8. SF 4 9. XeF PCl SCl PCl SiCl CBr CO 2 9

10 16. Phosphorus trichloride 17. Diphosphorus pentoxide 18. Dinitrogen pentoxide 19. Dinitrogen pentasulfide 20. Oxygen difluoride 21. Tetraphosphorus decaoxide 22. Silicon tetrabromide 23. Sulfur dioxide 24. Bromine monochloride 25. Diarsenic pentasulfide 10

11 Covalent Naming I. Name the following compounds. 1. N 2 O 5 2. SeBr 6 3. CH 4 4. C 6 H 6 5. PF 6 6. BF 3 7. P 2 l 4 8. S 2 Cl 3 9. NO P 2 O OF CO 13. BrO BN 15. CBr 4 11

12 II.. Please write the formulas the formulas for the following compounds. 1. Dihydrogen monoxide 2. Phosphorus trihydride 3. Dinitrogen trioxide 4. Carbon tetrachloride 5. Carbon dioxide 6. Trinitrogen tetroxide 7. Dinitrogen monoxide 8. tetraphosphorus decaoxide 9. Selenium trioxide 10. Iodine heptafluoride 11. Sulfur hexafluoride 12. Sulfur dichloride 13. Disilicon hexabromide 14. Dichlorine heptoxide 15. Pentaphosphorus decoxide 12

13 Naming Chemical Compounds Name the following ionic compounds: 1) NaBr 2) CaO 3) Li 2 S 4) MgBr 2 5) Be(OH) 2 Write the formulas for the following ionic compounds: 6) potassium iodide 7) magnesium oxide 8) aluminum chloride 9) sodium nitrate 10) calcium carbonate 11) lithium sulfate 12) beryllium phosphide 13) magnesium hydroxide 14) sodium phosphate 15) aluminum carbonate 16) calcium chloride 17) sodium cyanide 18) aluminum oxide 19) magnesium acetate 20) ammonium chloride 13

14 Write the names of the following covalent compounds: 21) SO 3 22) N 2 S 23) PH 3 24) BF 3 25) P 2 Br 4 26) CO 27) SiO 2 28) SF 6 29) NH 3 30) NO 2 Write the formulas of the following covalent compounds: 31) nitrogen trichloride 32) boron carbide 33) dinitrogen trioxide 34) phosphorus pentafluoride 35) methane 36) sulfur dibromide 37) diboron tetrahydride 38) oxygen difluoride 39) carbon disulfide 40) nitrogen monoxide 14

15 Review - Naming of Compounds The following are a good mix of naming and formula writing problems to help you get some practice. Name the following ionic chemical compounds: 1) NaBr 2) Ca(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 3) CuOH 4) Ti(SO 4 ) 2 5) FePO 4 6) K 3 N 7) Zn(NO 2 ) 2 8) V 2 S 3 Name the following covalent chemical compounds: 9) SO 2 10) P 2 O 5 Write the formulas for the following ionic chemical compounds: 11) tin (IV) selenide 12) nickel (III) sulfide 13) manganese (II) phosphate 14) silver acetate 15) ammonium oxide 16) magnesium sulfate 17) potassium carbonate Write the formulas for the following covalent chemical compounds: 18) diboron tetrabromide 19) silicon dioxide 20) carbon tetrachloride 15

16 More Naming Fun Name these ionic compounds. 1) LiOH 2) Mg(OH) 2 3) Na 2 SO 4 4) (NH 4 ) 2 S 5) CaCO 3 6) Al(NO 3 ) 3 7) NaNO 3 Name these covalent compounds. 8) P 2 S 3 9) CF 4 10) PBr 3 Write the formulas for the following ionic compounds. 11) aluminum acetate 12) sodium carbonate 13) calcium hydroxide Write the formulas for the following covalent compounds. 14) dinitrogen sulfide 15) carbon monoxide 16) diboron tetrahydride 17) phosphorus pentabromide 18) sulfur dichloride 19) phosphorus tribromide 20) potassium oxide 16