Regional System Innovation from Ecomodel Cities in Japan and their Contribution to Asian cities and regions

Transcription

1 ISAP2011 Low Carbon City Session in Yokohama, July 27 th, 2011 Regional System Innovation from Ecomodel Cities in Japan and their Contribution to Asian cities and regions Prof. Tsuyoshi Fujita, Head, Technology Assessment System Section, Head of City Research Program National Institute for Studies. Alliance Professor, Nagoya University. Visiting Professor, United Nations University. Professor, Toyo University Urban and Regional Approach for Low Carbon Society 1 Env. Emission GHGs Water Pollution Energy Consumption High Growth Steady Growth Policy Target by Back-Casting Approach Green Energy Green Technologies Multi-party approach Integrative approach Low Carbon Cities Co-benefit approach Local initiative for Low Carbon Society by utilizing urban stocks, regional environmental capital and socio-economic resources 2

2 Eco-cities that lead to a low-carbon society Shifting from single innovations to collaborative social innovations Technology Innovation System Innovation or Collective Innovation Applying best practices to structural innovations in the social system Single advanced environmental technology (e.g. wind power generation) Single advanced environmental technology (e.g. photovoltaic power generation) Single advanced environmental technology Single environmental technology innovations Collaborative innovations to bring technologies together Community-based innovations (cities and districts) Design Guides for Social innovations in low carbon cities and districts Mid- and long-term low-carbon targets 3 Eco-industrial Developments as Energy/ Resource/ Carbon Efficient Centers for Cities and Regions 4 4

3 Evaluation of 90 Circular Facilities in 26 Eco-towns ; Berkel and Fujita et. al (2009), Fujita and Chen(2009) The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the Ministry of Environment approved Eco-Town Plans for 26 areas as of the end of January 2006, and they provided financial support to 62 facilities located within the appropriate areas. 190 facilities are under regisration Evaluation of EI Indicators Reduction of Virgin Materials; 900 thous.t CO2 Emission Reduction 480 thous.t Circular use ration of by-product 92% Intra-eco-town circulation ratiio 61% 5 5 Variation of Low Carbon City(LCC) Strategies URBAN REDEVELOPMENT goods TYPE retail & sale* LCC Ecological consulting company* Sustainable technology research company* Information Business Support CCR Ecological equipment manufacturing EIP Center; Demonstration building* data bank Collaborative marketing purchase Waste collection and recycling -Eco-material, d Material -Design for environment Green Institute (Minneapolis) Rural Area Cape Charles SustainableFarm Technology Park (Virginia) CITY-FARM COLLABORATION TYPE LCC Fuel Cell Compost Methane Fermentation Hokkaido Environment conscious commuting system LRT, Pedestrian Path Cement factory Clean Energy Supply System Energy Storage System* INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS TYPE LCC Fly ash Chemical factory communication* Fertilizer Power plant* education* Urban Area Brownfield Neighborhood Residential Districts Plastic recycle center* Kitakyushu Organic waste Methane fermentation Composting Petro chemical factory Oil Kalundborg (Denmark) Kawasaki Industrial symbiosis type Water Front Industrial complex Building material recycle center* Collaboration reverse logistics District heat supply RECYCLE AND INDUSTRY TYPE LCC 6

4 Scheme for Scientific Planning Support System for Sustainable City Simulation Urban environmental database Public and social infrastructure Urban and economic infrastructure l infrastructure Households Agriculture Forestry Industry Public facilities Forests and coastal areas Projection of activities & environmental impact distribution Urban technologies/policy simulation system Modelbased analyses on the spatial distribution of environmental impact transfer technologies and systems Devices/technologi es (hardware technologies) technology simulation (Suitability analysis/ Policy Option Design Social technologies and systems Frameworks/mechanisms Software technologies Decision and consensus making support tools Designing plans Combining effective technologies and frameworks Evaluating system Designing spheres of time and space for respective communities Extending support to consensus building e.g. SAS 7 Urban and Regional Simulation System for Circular Economy Different scenarios were applied to evaluate effectiveness of the cement production process 7 Circular Technology Analysis System Urban and Regional Env. Data Base System Distribution of Household waste Distribution of waste sludgesludge Current waste recycle performance Industrial waste: about 0.25 million ton/year Waste substitution as clay Sludge, soot dust, debris, etc Waste substitution as fuel Waste plastics, wood chips, etc Policy Scenario Design and Evaluation System 1, Fujita, et.al.: Evaluation of regional bio-energy Scanrio recovery 1 by Scenario local 2methane Scenario fermentation 3 Scenario thermal 4 recycling systems, Journal of Waste Management,vol.28, pp , Waste disposal Manufacturing Transportation

5 Grand design for low carbon cities in China Low carbon eco-industrial city in Shenyang Residential Area 70ha 都市国際研究センター Business Area 50ha 廃棄物 廃プラ ペット古紙バイオマスメタルハザード 各種残渣排水再利用水 高温熱源低温熱源熱導管 ( 温水 ) 熱導管 ( 冷水 ) Circular Business Park 100ha プラ プラ精選 スマート紙資源循環施設バイオマスペットメタルリサイクル 排水処理 ハザード木屑 / 建廃金属精選アルミ精錬自動車蛍光灯リサイクルリサイクル家電リサイクル メタン発酵 セメント施設 地域熱供給センター 短繊維製造 焼却施設 Urban simulation system for Planning Guideline CFB 発電所 toward sustainable cities and regions Inventory system for technologies and social systems Multi-scale simulation system for low carbon cities and regions Regional GIS Data base Stage 1; Suitability analysis of alternative technologies and low carbon policy systems 拠点都市の資源技術施策シナリオの設計 Stage2;Spatial analysis for suitable technologies and land use 9 Stage3; Design for low carbon cities and regions 10

6 Guideline for Sustainable Eco-towns / Eco-Industrial Developments in Asian Cities and Regions China MEP Municipal Government EPB Asian Eco-Town Collaboration Quantitative Guideline for Sustainable Eco-towns Integrated system for assessing key circular technologies. Comprehensive policy and legislative System Regulations to support business design the process for cooperation promoting demonstrational projects MOE, Japan Eco town Municipality Research Institutes Univ. etc.. Technology and Policy Simulation System Proposing assessing system for the env impact of circular tech/effects of regulations, supports and subsidies /guideline for venous industrial park Research Institutes NIES Japan International collaboration for sustainable cities and regions in the low carbon society Knowledge and wisdom of low-carbon cities in Europe and America (Western style) Low-carbon efforts in the midst of a shift toward a post-industrial and post-material society High levels of eco-consciousness among citizens and companies and capabilities to coordinate diverse entities and manage cities 11 Knowledge of low-carbon cities originating in Japan (Japan s low-carbon challenge) Low-carbon packages that take advantage of technology and product development capabilities focusing on fulfilling targets (a combination of device technologies, network technologies, and social technologies) Social governance system encompassing efforts to build eco-consciousness among citizens and companies Challenge to build low-carbon cities in Asia (Asian style) Promoting low-carbon efforts interlocked with industrialization and economic growth Promoting projects based on a top-down approach; capabilities to implement policies Communities with capabilities to take eco-action based on experiences with environmental pollution 12 12