GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN WITH CLIMATE IN THE SAVANNAH ZONE OF NIGERIA. (Implications for prototype mass housing) ADEGBENRO OLALEKAN O.
|
|
- Patricia Bond
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 An Assignment on Arc 810 (APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY) GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN WITH CLIMATE IN THE SAVANNAH ZONE OF NIGERIA (Implications for prototype mass housing) By ADEGBENRO OLALEKAN O. (Arc/04/3162) Submitted to THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AKURE. COURSE LECTURER Prof. Ogunsote AUGUST,
2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT 1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 STUDY AREA 3.0 CLIMATE IN THE SAVANNAH ZONE DESIGN GUIDELINES IN THE SAVANNAH ZONE Building Configuration and Orientation Openings. 4.3 Building Materials. 4.4 Outdoor Spaces RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION.. REFERENCES 2
3 Abstract The habitant bill of rights, defined the qualitative issues connected with design of houses and their groupings into new communities as a supplement to other codes and regulations which have attempted to define qualitative issues relating to the building industry. In the northern part of Nigeria, which houses the savannah zone have evidences of low quality in design and planning of houses, relative to environmental influences, like weather and regular seasons. The zone covers a large portion of the country and consists of towns like Sokoto, Yelwa, Kano, Gusau, Maiduguri, Yola, Ibi, Potiskum, Minna, Bida, Abuja, Zaria, etc. It has been observed that the weather condition in this part of the country is prone to dry and hot climate from early February to June. This period gives residents in the area a perpetual experience of living amid extreme dryness and exhaustive heat as from midday to midnight throughout the period. It needs therefore the refreshing coolness of people s habitat and surroundings. From the end of June to September, the weather is fairly good with intermittent rains and showers sometimes accompanied by strong winds and storms. In early October, when the heat varies, powdered dust particles are brought from Sahara by the harmattan winds. The harmattan period extends as far as January when an ambient temperature within the interior could go as low as between 8 and 10 o c thereby requiring heat. From the observations, it s clear that the inhabitants of this area are faced with problems of designing and constructing suitable houses that will cope with these varying climatic conditions, such that the minimum hardship is suffered during both the hot and harmattan periods while employing minimal mechanical cooling and heating devices respectively. The aim of this study is to provide a design guideline putting the climate of the savannah zone into consideration which will provide adequate comfort for the inhabitants of such area and can be adopted as prototype for mass housing scheme in the area which involves the use of different kinds of building materials, building orientation, spacing, types and sizes of openings, etc. Keywords: Climate, Savannah Zone, Thermal Comfort, Discomfort, Openings. 3
4 1.0 INTRODUCTION The primary function of all buildings is to adapt to the prevailing climate and provide an internal and external environment that is comfortable and conducive to the occupants. However, in this era of climate change and global warming, providing comfort for the occupants of a building is quite challenging and very fundamental. This is as a result of growing ranges of challenges now facing designers to provide buildings that will be fit and comfortable (Akande, 2010). The need to design with climate has always been a major consideration in architecture. Vitruvius, in his Ten Books on Architecture drew attention to the importance of climate in architecture and town planning. Climate in a narrow sense is usually defined as the average weather, or more rigorously, as the statistical description in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a period ranging from months to thousands or millions of years (Wikipedia). The classical period is 30 years, as defined by the world metrological Organisation (WMO). These quantities are most often surface variables such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. Architectural design is defined by boundary because of the variation of climatic zones. There are six zones that have been defined for Nigeria: the coastal Zone, the forest zone, the transitional zone, the savanna zone, the highland zone and the semi-desert zone, but for the purpose of this study, we are going to base only on the savannah zone which covers majorly the northern part of the country (Yelwa, Sokoto, Gusau, Kano, Maiduguri, Yola, Ibi, Potiskum, Minna, Bida, Abuja, Zaria). There are design guide lines that are common to all these zones, if all these are observed, then all the architectural design will adapt to their environment. Architectural design should enable the occupant of the building to achieve thermal comfort. Thermal comfort basically has to do with the temperature that the resident considers as comfortable to stay in. Indoor thermal comfort is achieved when occupants are able to pursue without any hindrance, activities for which the building is intended. Hence, it is essential for occupants well being, productivity and efficiency. This paper takes a look into the climatic condition of the savannah region of the country Nigeria and sees how Architecture can be incorporated into the designing of buildings that will give the inhabitants thermal comfort and on the long run could be used as a prototype for the designing of subsequent buildings in the area. 4
5 2.0 STUDY AREA The study area selected for the purpose of this paper is the savannah zone of the country, which is majorly found in the northern part of Nigeria. The savannah zone is the only zone that has the highest number of cities and towns it covers and is predominantly known for its hot-dry climate, which the makes the weather harsh for the inhabitants of such area. some of the towns covered by the savannah zone include; Sokoto, Yelwa, Kano, Gusau, Maiduguri, Yola, Ibi, Potiskum, Minna, Bida, Abuja, Zaria, Bauchi and so on. Map of Nigeria showing the towns in the savannah zone 5
6 3.0 CLIMATE IN THE SAVANNAH ZONE It has been observed that the weather condition in this part of the country is prone to dry and hot climate from early February to June. This period gives residents in the area a perpetual experience of living amid extreme dryness and exhaustive heat as from midday to midnight throughout the period. It needs therefore the refreshing coolness of people s habitat and surroundings. From the end of June to September, the weather is fairly good with intermittent rains and showers sometimes accompanied by strong winds and storms. In early October, when the heat varies, powdered dust particles are brought from Sahara by the harmattan winds. The harmattan period extends as far as January when an ambient temperature within the interior could go as low as between 8 o c and 10 o c thereby requiring heat. Cold nights and hot days alternate for six to ten months of the year. This usually accelerated during the harmattan period where the ambient temperature within the inside of the building could go down as low as between 8 o c and 10 o c. In this case, thermal storage is needed in keeping the interior cool in the day and providing warmth at night. Climatic Variation in the Northern Climatic Zone (Savannah Area) Zones Seasons Air temperature Day Night o C o C Humidity % Annual Rainfall (mm) Wind (km) Hot Dry (Nov/Dec to April/May) Northern Nigeria Warm Humid (May/June to Sept) Cool Dry (Sept/Oct to Nov) Source: National Universities Commission (1977). Standard Guide for Universities 6
7 4.0 DESIGN GUIDELINES IN THE SAVANNAH ZONE There are some design guidelines that can be put into use by the designer in achieving a thermal comfort for the inhabitants of the Savannah zone. Buildings are designed and built to provide shelter for man and protect man from harsh weather conditions and achieving the maximum thermal comfort for the occupant. In the savannah zone, the kind of climate in existence should be put into maximum consideration, because it determines the kind of design and materials to be used and also the orientation of the structure as well. The following classifications will help in carrying out a good design in this zone and can therefore be adopted as a prototype for prospective building designs which might be in form of mass housing. 4.1 Building configuration and Orientation This refers to the method or way in which the building with its environment is going to be catered for or arranged. It also refers to the configurations in the design and how the spaces are to be arranged. It comprises of the orientation of the building in respect to the sun and also the prevailing wind. In hot-dry climate regions, it is desirable to lower the rate of temperature rise of the interior during day time in summer. To achieve this, the building should preferably be compact. The surface area of its external envelope should be as small as possible, to minimize the heat flow into the building. The ratio of the building envelope s surface area to its volume or ratio of floor area to its volume determines the relative exposure of the building to solar radiation. The best layout is that of a patio or a courtyard surrounded by walls and thus partially isolated from the full impact of the outdoor air. This configuration is very common in hot-dry climate. The surface of the buildings must be protected from excessive solar gains from the sun, by having an orientation placing their long axis east west, that is, the longer sides of the building should face the north and south direction. For the purpose of ventilation, there is the need to have open spaces in the building area and such spaces must be protected against hot and cold winds. The spaces allocated as rooms should be single banked, that is, there must be a direct flow of air through the building from one side to the other without any wall barrier. This therefore means that permanent provision should be made for constant air movement in and out of the building. 7
8 Spacing of buildings with openings serving as courtyards 4.2 Openings Openings refer to different open able areas in the building. They include the windows and also the doors. For the purpose of this study, we are going to base it only on windows being the openings in the building. Due to the climatic condition of the savannah zone, the kind of openings that will be used will be quite different from the other zones with different climatic analysis. The savannah zone being a hot and dry zone will require the use of composite windows which are to occupy between 20% to 35% of the wall area. These openings should be able to catch the breeze and improve body cooling. This will make the interior of the building comfortable for the occupant. Permanently open ventilation vents should be introduced to allow for permanent ventilation throughout the year. These openings must be protected against sun and rain during hot sunny periods and heavy downpours. The use of sun-shading devices can help in reducing the amount of sunlight entering into the interior and thereby help in maintaining normal comfort in the building. Roof overhangs of adequate sizes and geometry can help in reducing the driving force of rain from entering through the window into the building. 8
9 Shading of openings from sunlight and rain 4.3 Building materials Building materials affect the kind of thermal comfort that the occupant of the building will experience. Due to the kind of climate in the savannah zone, and the necessity to reduce the rate of gain of heat energy into the building during the day, and the desire to keep the inside of the building warm at night when the temperature drops, the use of heavy weight materials should be used in the construction of such buildings. Such materials should be with high thermal capacity and having a time lag of over 8 hours. The kind of materials that can be used for flooring, roofing and walls should possess high thermal capacity or the ability to store heat and there by delay or reduce the flow through the material into the inner part of the building. With the time lag of over 8 hours, from when the sun is at its maximum brightness (2pm) to about 10 pm in the night, is when the heat stored in the building will find its way into the interior of the building, thereby keeping it warm and comfortable for the occupant. Examples of such materials include stone masonry, well compacted mud, bricks, RCC slab covered with insulation materials for roofing, timber or wood, etc. 9
10 Brick wall with good thermal storage 4.4 Outdoor Spaces These spaces refer to outdoor openings which might be in form of courtyards and also verandahs or balconies. These spaces should be well shaded from intense sunlight and heat, and also from the driving force of rain. It is advisable and better to have the outdoor spaces incorporated into the building which can sometimes serve as an outdoor sleeping area in times of intense heat at night. Open spaces have to be seen in conjunction with the built form. Together they can allow for free air movement and increased heat loss or gain. Open spaces in any complex are inevitable. The question is how should they be and how much should there be? After all, any built mass modifies the microclimate. An open area, especially a large one allows more of the natural climate of the place to prevail. Open spaces gain heat during the day. If the ground is hard and building surfaces are dark in colour, then much of radiation is reflected and absorbed by the surrounding buildings. If however, the ground is soft and green, then less heat is reflected. In hot-dry climates, compact planning with little or no open spaces would minimize both heat gain as well as heat loss. When the heat production of the buildings is low, compact planning minimizes heat gain and is desirable. This is how traditional settlements often are. Principle of the courtyard: Due to the incident solar radiation in the courtyard, the air in the courtyard becomes warmer and rises up. To replace it, cool air from the ground level flows 10
11 through the openings of the room, thus producing the air flow. During the night, the process is reversed. The cooled surface air of the roof sinks down to the court and this cooled air enter the living spaces through the low level openings and leaves through higher level openings. This system can work effectively in hot and dry climates, where day time ventilation is undesirable, as it brings heat inside and at night the air temperature becomes cooler. A courtyard with water fountain at the middle The best way to keep the courtyard shaded and partially open to the sky 11
12 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION Climate should be the most important factor considered by an architect when designing a building. Architectural design is meant to solve the problem of shelter and shelter is meant to protect from harsh weather, dangers (wild animals, thieves) and harsh climatic conditions. Therefore, architectural design should be made in view of weather or climate. In the final analysis, it realized that architects should study the climate of region (savannah) and design should made to conform to the climate (i.e.) it should be habitable and comfort should be achieved despite the climate. Also, materials recommended for construction of architectural design in the Zone should be adhered to and should be that which is favorable with the climate condition present where it is suppose to be constructed. Importation of architectural designs from overseas is not appropriate because of the variation in the climatic conditions existing in both area, therefore appropriate consultation should be carried out in the region to understand the kind of weather or climate that exist in that region before architectural design is commenced. Following conclusions are drawn from the study presented herein with respect to Architectural design in hot-dry climate of the savannah zone: i. To minimize energy demand and provide better degree of natural conditioning, it is essential to give climatic considerations for designing of residential buildings. ii. iii. iv. For a building to function in co-ordination with the environment there should be a relation between the interior and exterior environment, orientation, building form, materials etc. Orientation of the overall built form should be in co-ordination with the orientation of the sun and prevailing wind direction. Rectangular form of the building should be elongated along east-west direction, i.e., the orientation of the building should be north-south. 12
13 v. When buffer spaces are provided between exterior and interior spaces, heat from outside dissipates before entering interiors. Non-habitable rooms such as toilets, stores and galleries can be provided as heat barriers in the worst orientations on the outer periphery of the building. vi. vii. viii. Provision of a central courtyard is preferable which helps in achieving shaded spaces, natural light in most of the places and better circulation of air without providing many openings on the exteriors surfaces. However, provision of courtyard is effective only if it has a plan area and volume relationship proportional to built-up area and its volume. Thick walls create thermal time-lag, thus creating comfortable conditions. As the position of a window goes higher, light penetration increases with lesser heat gain. 13
14 REFERENCES Agarwal, K.N., Thermal data of building fabric and its application in building design, Building Digest, No. 52, June 1967, CBRI, Roorkee, India. Akande, K. O.,Indoor Thermal Comfort for Residential Buildings in Hot-Dry Climate of Nigeria, proceedings of conference: Adapting to Change: New thinking on Comfort, Cumberland Lodge, Windsor, UK, 9-11 April 2010, London. Anderson, B., Solar Energy Fundamentals in Building Design Total Environment Action, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Arorin, J. E. (1953). Architecture and Climate. Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York. Evans, M. (1980). Housing, Climate and Comfort. The Architectural Press, London. Krishan, A., Climate Responsive Architecture A Design Handbook for Energy Efficient Buildings. Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi, Krishan, A. and Agnihotri, M.R., Bio-climatic architecture a fundamental approach to design, Architecture+Design, Vol. 9, No. 3, May-June, Nicol, J.F. and Humphreys, M.A. (2004), Adaptive Thermal Comfort and Sustainable Thermal Standards for Buildings. In the Proceedings of Moving Thermal Comfort Standard pp Ogunsote, O. O. (1990a).Architectural Design with Nigerian climatic condition in view: A Systems Approach. Rao, K.R. and Prakash C., Thermal performance rating and classification of walls in hot climate. Building Digest, No. 101, October 1972, CBRI, Roorkee, India. Straaten, V.J.F., Thermal Performance of Buildings. Elsevier Pub. Co., Amsterdam,
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION
255 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION This study thoroughly assessed the design principles employed in simple, durable and eco-friendly vernacular dwellings in the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu and their effectiveness
More informationSHELTER FOR COMPOSITE CLIMATE
SHELTER FOR COMPOSITE CLIMATE Nature of the climate Neither consistently hot and dry, nor warm and humid. Characteristics change from season to season. Significant differences in air temperature, humidity,
More informationChapter 7. Passive Solar Contents
Chapter 7. Passive Solar Contents 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Types of Passive Solar Systems 7.3 Advantages and Disadvantages 7.4 General Design Principles 7.5 Design Information for Direct System 7.6 Design
More informationDesign Strategies and Guide lines for Tropical Coast of Pakistan, Using Climate Consultant
European Journal of Sustainable Development (2016), 5, 3, 505-512 ISSN: 2239-5938 Doi: 10.14207/ejsd.2016.v5n3p505 Design Strategies and Guide lines for Tropical Coast of Pakistan, Using Climate Consultant
More informationEnergy Efficient Health Centres 2018
Energy Efficient Health Centres 2018 FEBRUARY 18 SELCO FOUNDATION Built Environment 0 Keba Health Sub-Centre Case Study on Low Energy Consumptive Spaces What are low energy spaces? Shelters that have ample
More informationTHERMAL MASS CHAPTER 6. Understanding thermal mass. Seasonal effects of thermal mass
CHAPTER 6 THERMAL MASS mud brick concrete block brick The contents of this chapter explain the effect of thermal mass and provide guidelines for its location and extent. Summer and winter effects of thermal
More informationUnderstanding thermal mass
1 THERMAL MASS The contents of this fact sheet explain the effect of thermal mass and provide guidelines for its location and extent. Summer and winter effects of thermal mass and the relationship with
More informationENERGY SAVING INNOVATION IN CHINESE TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS. L. Zhu Nanjing University of Technology China
Int. Journal for Housing Science, Vol.33, No.1 pp. 35-43, 2009 Published in the United States ENERGY SAVING INNOVATION IN CHINESE TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS L. Zhu Nanjing University of Technology China ABSTRACT
More informationPASSIVE SOLAR BUILDING DESIGN STRATEGIES IN LALITPUR, POKHARA AND DHARAN CITIES OF NEPAL
PASSIVE SOLAR BUILDING DESIGN STRATEGIES IN LALITPUR, POKHARA AND DHARAN CITIES OF NEPAL Prativa Lamsal 1, Sushil B. Bajracharya 2 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2 Department of Architecture,
More informationAnnexure A Request to MoEF&CC for issuing Certified Compliance Report
Expansion of Mahagun Mywoods (Group Housing) by M/s Mahagun India Pvt. Ltd. Annexure A Request to MoEF&CC for issuing Certified Compliance Report PROJECT PROPONENT: M/S MAHAGUN REAL ESTATE PVT. LTD. ENVIRONMENT
More informationEffect of Building Orientation and Window Glazing on the Energy Consumption of HVAC System of an Office Building for Different Climate Zones
Effect of Building Orientation and Window Glazing on the Energy Consumption of HVAC System of an Office Building for Different Climate Zones Maya Yeshwanth Pai Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
More informationTHERMAL MASS IMPACT ON ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF A LOW, MEDIUM, AND HEAVY MASS BUILDING IN BELGRADE
S447 THERMAL MASS IMPACT ON ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF A LOW, MEDIUM, AND HEAVY MASS BUILDING IN BELGRADE by Bojan V. ANDJELKOVIĆ *,a, Branislav V. STOJANOVIĆ b, Mladen M. STOJILJKOVIĆ b, Jelena N. JANEVSKI
More informationTHERMAL MASS IMPACT ON ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF A LOW, MEDIUM AND HEAVY MASS BUILDING IN BELGRADE
Andjelković, V., B.et. al.: Thermal Mass Impact on Energy Performance of A Low, Medium and Heavy S507 THERMAL MASS IMPACT ON ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF A LOW, MEDIUM AND HEAVY MASS BUILDING IN BELGRADE by Bojan
More informationAdaptive Climate Responsive Vernacular Construction in High Altitude
Adaptive Climate Responsive Vernacular Construction in High Altitude Ar. Amitava Sarkar Abstract In the traditional architecture, buildings were designed to achieve human comfort by using locally available
More informationHealthy Buildings 2017 Europe July 2-5, 2017, Lublin, Poland. Research on indoor thermal environment of stilted buildings in Chongqing, China
Healthy uildings 2017 Europe July 2-5, 2017, Lublin, Poland Paper ID 0270 ISN: 978-83-7947-232-1 Research on indoor thermal environment of stilted buildings in Chongqing, China Ya nan Xu 1, Zhenjing Yang
More informationThermal Comfort in Architecture
Thermal Comfort in Architecture Ommid Saberi [1], Parisa Saneei [2] Amir Javanbakht [3] 1. Ph.D. Student (Architecture & Energy) in Shahid Beheshti Uni. Tehran Iran e: omid_saberi@yahoo.com 2. Architect
More informationBioclimatic designs for the student housing of new University of Cyprus
International Workshop on Energy Performance and Environmental 1 Bioclimatic designs for the student housing of new University of Cyprus D.K. Serghides Civil Engineering, Higher Technical Institute, Nicosia,
More informationSOLAR PASSIVE DESIGN: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE
SOLAR PASSIVE DESIGN: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE Understanding Climate and Atmosphere Human impact on global weather Energy outlook in India Energy needs in buildings Comfort zone Solar passive design- Case
More informationInadvertent climate changes encouraged by urbanization, are characterized by the concept of"urban heat island" (UHI).
Conclusion With the globalization, Architects lost their relationship with the environment, and the resulting built environment which was non responsive to the environment needed. This was resulting High
More informationA Comparative Study of the Thermal Comfort of Different Building Materials in Sana a
American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 6 (1): 20-24, 2013 ISSN: 1941-7020 2014 Alhaddad and Jun, This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0
More informationWorkshop: Architecture-Tradition and Modernization. Climate Responsive Urban Design
Workshop: Architecture-Tradition and Modernization Climate Responsive Urban Design Trends of none sustainable planning Planners of the twentieth Century seem to have assumed that urban settlements were
More informationPrinciples of Green Architecture
Principles of Green Architecture Administration of Building and installation By Dr. Arash Ghandchi December 12-13, 2017 1 Sustainable Architecture Sustainable Architecture is Architecture that seeks to
More informationUNDERSTANDING CLIMATE FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT OR SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
UNDERSTANDING CLIMATE FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT OR SUSTAINABLE DESIGN Anir Kumar Upadhyay Freelance Architect/ Urban Planner, Australia E-mail: anirupadhyay@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Understanding climate is a pre-requisite
More information171: An urban office designed for the southern Brazilian climate
171: An urban office designed for the southern Brazilian climate Marianne Costella Elemento 5 Bioclimatic Architecture, Brazil marianne@elemento5.com Abstract The climate in southern Brazil is characterised
More information546: High Altitude Design, Optimising Residential Architecture in the Alborz Mountains, Iran
546: High Altitude Design, Optimising Residential Architecture in the Alborz Mountains, Iran Yasamin Arbabi Architectural Association, Graduate School Abstract Darbandsar is a village located in the Alborz
More informationRadical POTENTIAL!! COMFORT ZONE WHAT IS IT? WHAT DOES IT HAVE TO DO WITH GREEN BUILDING + ZERO CARBON?
Radical POTENTIAL!! COMFORT ZONE WHAT IS IT? WHAT DOES IT HAVE TO DO WITH GREEN BUILDING + ZERO CARBON? Where is your Comfort Zone? This famous illustration is taken from Design with Climate, by Victor
More informationModelling Analysis of Thermal Performance of Internal Shading Devices for a Commercial Atrium Building in Tropical Climates
Modelling Analysis of Thermal Performance of Internal Shading Devices for a Commercial Atrium Building in Tropical Climates Kittitach Pichatwatana, and Fan Wang Abstract This paper examines the TAS computer
More informationcapacity) can absorb solar energy. This thermal energy is re-emitted in all directions as
Comfort on the cheap More on Trombe walls Trombe walls make good sense. When the sun shines, the masonry (which has a large heat capacity) can absorb solar energy. This thermal energy is re-emitted in
More informationPOST OCCUPANCY DESIGN INERVENTION TO IMPROVE COMFORT AND ENERGY PERFORMANCE IN A DESERT HOUSE
POST OCCUPANCY DESIGN INERVENTION TO IMPROVE COMFORT AND ENERGY PERFORMANCE IN A DESERT HOUSE Vidar Lerum Arizona State University P O Box 871605, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1605, USA vidar.lerum@asu.edu Venkata
More informationThermal Characteristics of a Vernacular Building Envelope
Thermal Characteristics of a Vernacular Building Envelope Priyanka Dhar, M.Tech. Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India Pallavi Borah, M.Tech. Department of Energy, Tezpur
More informationDesigning for Queensland s climate. Designing for Queensland s climate
Designing for Queensland s climate Designing for Queensland s climate The objective of the Smart and Sustainable Homes program is to demonstrate and promote the importance of investing in sustainable design
More informationGLASS SELECTION GUIDE
GLASS SELECTION GUIDE www.metrotech.co.nz GLASS SELECTION The Glass Selection Flow Chart should be used in conjunction with the Selection Sheets and Section 11.1.2 of the Catalogue and Reference Guide
More information3C.1 Passive Solar Design National Sustainable Building Advisor Program
3C.1 Passive Solar Design National Sustainable Building Advisor Program Pablo La Roche PhD Passive Cooling But first. Strategies to Reduce Overheating Minimize Conductive Heat Flow Strategies to minimize
More informationASHRAE Hot Climate. Frank Mills
Workshop ASHRAE Hot Climate PRESENTATION Design Guide TITLE Frank Mills Frank Mills Frank Mills Consulting jfamills@hotmail.co.uk (44)1772 424124 (44)7850 024523 Acknowledgements ASHRAE Hot Climate MTG
More information&OLPDWH#)#&ORXGV## 6RODU#WKDW#:RUNV#
&OLPDWH#)#&ORXGV## 6RODU#WKDW#:RUNV# Where you choose to live will determine, in large part, where your home energy dollars are spent. In much of the U.S., the simple solar strategies outlined here will
More informationDemonstration of Load Shifting and Peak Load Reduction with Control of Building Thermal Mass
Demonstration of Load Shifting and Peak Load Reduction with Control of Building Thermal Mass J. E. Braun and T. M. Lawrence, Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Purdue University C. J. Klaassen and John M. House,
More informationThe case for research
The case for research In recent years there has been growing world-wide concern for energy conservation, the reduction of greenhouse gases and sustainability. In Australia, it is estimated that 39% of
More informationPassive Solar Energy Primer. Arizona Solar Center. Revised: 2015
Passive Solar Energy Primer Arizona Solar Center Revised: 2015 The sun s energy is an incredible bounty. The energy contained in solar rays make their way through our filtering atmosphere and is critical
More informationEnergy Saving in Buildings-case Study: Sos Children's Village, Dehradun
Print ISSN: 2349-8404; Online ISSN: 2349-879X; Volume 1, Number 1; August, 2014 pp. 10-16 Krishi Sanskriti Publications http://www.krishisanskriti.org/jceet.html Energy Saving in Buildings-case Study:
More informationUsing passive solutions to improve thermal summer comfort in timber framed houses in South-west France
Using passive solutions to improve thermal summer comfort in timber framed houses in South-west France Sylvain Boulet 1, Stéphanie Armand-Decker 2, FCBA Technological Institute I2M-TREFLE laboratory -
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION In the past, researchers were interested in reducing the cost of energy and save the depleting fossil fuels. However, recently, the motivation has changed from these goals towards
More informationA preliminary study on the climate adaptive design of green rural houses in west China
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 00 (2017) 000 000 www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia International High- Performance Built Environment Conference A Sustainable
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 121 (2015 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 121 (2015 ) 2044 2051 9th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (ISHVAC) and the 3rd International
More informationExamination and Assessment of the Environmental Characteristics of Vernacular Rural Settlements in Varying Topographies in Cyprus
Examination and Assessment of the Environmental Characteristics of Vernacular Rural Settlements in Varying Topographies in Cyprus Speakers: Philokyprou Maria 1 ; Michael Aimilios 2 ; Savvides Andreas 3
More informationPart 1 Review Questions on material covered in Midterms I & II
1 Arch 463 ECS Fall 2001 Name FINAL 40 Multiple Choice Questions Part 1 Review Questions on material covered in Midterms I & II 1. Passive systems for environmental control A. can enhance human comfort
More informationSummer thermal comfort in traditional buildings of the 19th century in Florina, north-western Greece
International Conference Passive and Low Energy Cooling 239 Summer thermal comfort in traditional buildings of the 19th century in Florina, north-western Greece A. Oikonomou Department of Architectural
More information7. PASSIVE CLIMATE CONTROL FOR CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS Passive building strategies The building as an environmental modifier
7. PASSIVE CLIMATE CONTROL FOR CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS 7.1. Passive building strategies 7.1.1. The building as an environmental modifier All buildings act to modify the ambient climate. A well designed building
More informationAn Assessment of Thermal Comfort in Hot and Dry Season (A Case Study of 4 Theaters at Bayero University Kano)
International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research Research Article ISSN: - Available at: http://ijmcr.com An Assessment of Thermal Comfort in Hot and Dry Season (A Case Study of Theaters
More informationA COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF CAVITY AND BRICK VENEER CONSTRUCTION
13 th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference Amsterdam, July 4-7, 2004 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF CAVITY AND BRICK VENEER CONSTRUCTION H.O. Sugo 1, A.W. Page 2, B. Moghtaderi
More informationGREEN BUILDING CONGRESS 2011 NEW DELHI
DEVELOPING GUIDELINES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN INDIA Background The Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) has addressed the need for energy efficiency to prepare for the growth
More information6 S USTAINABLE D EVELOPMENT
6 S USTAINABLE D EVELOPMENT T he Area s natural setting creates both opportunities and constraints for new development. For example, Coachella s year-round sunshine makes it possible to generate solar
More informationsiting, building and design guidelines April 2017 Newgate, Tarneit Design Guidelines
siting, building and design guidelines April 2017 1 2 INTRODUCTION PROCESS These present a series of measures designed to protect the design integrity of your new house at that will support the value of
More informationHEAT LOSS REDUCTION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT HOME BY BUFFER AREAS. Alexander Dvoretsky, KseniaKlevets
MOTROL. COMMISSION OF MOTORIZATION AND ENERGETICS IN AGRICULTURE 2014, Vol. 16, No. 5, 125 130 HEAT LOSS REDUCTION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT HOME BY BUFFER AREAS Alexander Dvoretsky, KseniaKlevets Prof. Dr.,
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 121 (2015 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 121 (20 ) 621 627 9th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (ISHVAC) and the 3rd International
More informationBuilt for sustainability Built for the environment Built for fuel efficiency Built for life
Integrity and London s first and jointly England s first Certified Passivhaus Built for sustainability Built for the environment Built for fuel efficiency Built for life Coming Soon to Cambridge the City
More informationCOMPARATIVE SUMMER THERMAL AND COOLING LOAD PERFORMANCE OF NATURAL VENTILATION OF CAVITY ROOF UNDER THREE DIFFERENT CLIMATE ZONES
COMPARATIVE SUMMER THERMAL AND COOLING LOAD PERFORMANCE OF NATURAL VENTILATION OF CAVITY ROOF UNDER THREE DIFFERENT CLIMATE ZONES Lusi Susanti 1, Hiroshi Matsumoto 2, and Hiroshi Homma 2 1 Department of
More informationAttached Solar Greenhouse Plans for a solar heated greenhouse attached to your home
Attached Solar Greenhouse Plans for a solar heated greenhouse attached to your home Designed and built by New Mexico landscape architect John Mosely for his own Santa Fe home. The solar greenhouse shown
More informationProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 216 ( 2016 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 216 ( 2016 ) 655 661 Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development, UPADSD 14-16 October
More informationBUILDING DESIGN AND THERMAL INERTIA: WHEN, WHY, WHERE
Int. Journal for Housing Science, Vol.34, No.4 pp. 221-231, 2010 Published in the United States BUILDING DESIGN AND THERMAL INERTIA: WHEN, WHY, WHERE R. Albatici, S. Penasa Department of Civil and Environmental
More informationThermal Control in Buildings by John Straube (updated )
building science.com 2006 Building Science Press All rights of reproduction in any form reserved. Building Science Digest 011 Thermal Control in Buildings 2006-11-02 by John Straube (updated 2011-12-12)
More informationWhat is Sustainable Design?
What is Sustainable Design? Part Three: The Basic Principles of Passive Design Terri Meyer Boake BES, BArch, MArch, LEED AP Associate Director School of Architecture University of Waterloo Past President
More informationPassive Solar Systems
Passive Solar Systems Content Passive Solar Systems Passive Solar Heating Passive Solar Cooling Night Sky Radiation Time Lag Cooling Thermal Mass Earth Cooling Daylighting Passive Solar Systems Passive
More informationANALYSIS OF ENVELOPE THERMAL BEHAVIOUR THROUGH PARAMETRIC STUDIES. Civil Engineer, PhD, Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department (3)
Eighth International IBPSA Conference Eindhoven, Netherlands August 11-14, 2003 ANALYSIS OF ENVELOPE THERMAL BEHAVIOUR THROUGH PARAMETRIC STUDIES Chvatal, Karin M. S. (1), Corvacho, M. Helena P. (2), Maldonado,
More informationA deep courtyard as the best building form for desert climate, an introduction to effects of air movement (Case study: Yazd)
DESERT DESERT Online at http://jdesert.ut.ac.ir DESERT 15 (2010) 19-26 A deep courtyard as the best building form for desert climate, an introduction to effects of air movement (Case study: Yazd) Sh. Heidari
More informationNatural Ventilation of Enclosed Buildings in Rural Areas need of the TIME!!
Natural Ventilation of Enclosed Buildings in Rural Areas need of the TIME!! Prof. Satish Baliram Patil, Dr.S.V.Deodhar Abstract The Buildings in rural areas are constructed traditionally without paying
More information2006 Building Science Press All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.
building science.com 2006 Building Science Press All rights of reproduction in any form reserved. Building Science Digest 011 Thermal Control in Buildings 2006-11-07 by John Straube Abstract: Providing
More informationGreen Low-Cost Housing Units
Green Low-Cost Housing Units Zaydoun Abu Salem 1, Ayoub Abu Diyah 2, Loay Dabour 1, Moshrik Hamdi 1, Alla Kheder 1, Sofian Ismail 1 Abstract This research intends to propose a comprehensive green engineering
More informationMonitored Thermal Performance of Passive Solar Designed Display Homes in Perth, Western Australia
, G.M., Anda, M. and Mathew, K. (2006) Monitored thermal performance of passive solar designed display homes in Perth, Western Australia. In: 44th Annual Conference of the Australian and New Zealand Solar
More informationImpact of Building by-laws on microclimatic elements of residential building layouts. Case Nagpur
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) e-issn: 2319-242,p- ISSN: 2319-2399.Volume 1, Issue 11 Ver. IV (Nov. 216), PP 26-31 www.iosrjournals.org Impact of Building
More informationBioclimatic approaches of modern residential architecture in Cyprus,
European Association for the Development of Renewable Energies, Environment and Power Quality (EA4EPQ) International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality (ICREPQ 10) Granada (Spain), 23th
More informationDaylight Efficiency Prediction of Courtyard vs. Conventional Building Models Using Simulation Tool under Specific Climate Conditions
Daylight Efficiency Prediction of Courtyard vs. Conventional Building Models Using Simulation Tool under Specific Climate Conditions Mr. Guedouh Marouane Samir University of Biskra Biskra, Algeria Samir.merouane@yahoo.fr
More informationCase Study: Bio-Climatic Building Design for Tropical Climates
Case Study: Bio-Climatic Building Design for Tropical Climates The project is located in a Development Zone and the objectives include: opening the city towards the sea, to reinvigorate the city centre,
More informationSolar Passive Techniques: Earth Air Tunnel
International Journal of Engineering Inventions e-issn: 2278-7461, p-issn: 2319-6491 Volume 4, Issue 12 [August 2015] PP: 06-10 Solar Passive Techniques: Earth Air Tunnel Vishal Yardi 1, Utkarsh Jain 2,
More informationcarbon-neutral architectural design Pablo La Roche CRC Press Taylor & Francis Croup Boca Raton London NewYork CRC Press is an imprint of the
carbon-neutral architectural design Pablo La Roche CRC Press Taylor & Francis Croup Boca Raton London NewYork CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor fit Francis Group, an informs business Contents Preface
More informationThe Elithis Tower is an experimental and demonstration. Elithis Tower in Dijon, France. nzeb case studies
COM Elithis Tower in Dijon, France Elithis Tower, located in Dijon, France, provides strong evidence that net zero energy office buildings are achievable in near future. The building, which was designed
More informationAnalysis of Heat Gain in Computer Laboratory and Excellent Centre by using CLTD/CLF/SCL Method
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 53 ( 2013 ) 655 664 Malaysian Technical Universities Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012, MUCET 2012 Part 2 Mechanical And Manufacturing
More informationTHE ECOTONE INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE - SUMMER
THE ECOTONE The World Health Organization defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Conventional, contemporary building
More informationSolar Home Design and Thermal Mass
Solar Home Design and Thermal Mass Solar Home Design And Simulation of Thermal Mass Stefan Fortuin fortland@gmail.com Papers Renewable Energy System Design Renenwable En Conversion Devices Energy Policy
More information362: Indoor climate control effect of AAC panels as determined by house model measurements and simulations
PLEA 8 th Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Dublin, 22 nd to 24 th October 8 362: Indoor climate control effect of AAC panels as determined by house model measurements and simulations
More informationScienceDirect. Simulation based mixed mode building design
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 00 (2016) 000 000 www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia 5th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research, ICAER 2015, 15-17
More informationClimate responsive design
SDAPP Sustainable Design Assessment in the Planning Process Key Sustainable Building Categories.1 Melbourne s Climate Building design for a sustainable future Included in this fact sheet: Climate responsive
More informationInvestigation on Indoor Thermal Satisfaction in the Humid Tropics of Malaysia
Investigation on Indoor Thermal Satisfaction in the Humid Tropics of Malaysia Harimi Djamila Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia E-Mail: harimi1@yahoo.fr;
More informationEvaluating the Building Performance of the Center for Promotion of Science in Block 39 in Belgrade, Serbia
Evaluating the Building Performance of the Center for Promotion of Science in Block 39 in Belgrade, Serbia Berrak Balci Abstract This paper presents the evaluation of the building performance of the previously
More information317: Thermal performance of houses located in Florianópolis, southern Brazil
317: Thermal performance of houses located in Florianópolis, southern Brazil Michel Maurel 1, Enedir Ghisi 2, Marina Vasconcelos Santana 3 Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Civil Engineering,
More informationLAMBING SHED CONSTRUCTION GUIDE
STAG LAMBING SHED CONSTRUCTION GUIDE Introduction This lambing shed design has been conceived in ChangThang, a cold desert area in the high altitude plateaux contiguous to Tibet (above 4500m). The local
More informationTS2 - environment + energy
TS2 - environment + energy TS2 - TERM 1 Thursday 4th October 2018 14.00pm to 15.30pm E+E Lecture 01 Thursday 11th October 2018 14.00pm to 15.30pm E+E Lecture 02 Thursday 18th October 2018 14.00pm to 15.30pm
More informationHEAT FLOW THROUGH A TYPICAL WALL IN AKURE
HEAT FLOW THROUGH A TYPICAL WALL IN AKURE By Adeyinka Adeniran Progress (ARC/06/8483) Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Akure-Nigeria Email: was_nig@yahoo.com For ARC 810: Applied
More informationEnvironmental Stewardship Conservation
Environmental Controls Professor Robert Young Group 1 Environmental Stewardship Conservation Current energy crises have brought to the attention of the general population the significant need to raise
More informationExperimental Study to Evaluate the Performance of Iraqi Passive House in Summer Season
Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 9 (2015) 386-392 doi: 10.17265/1934-8975/2015.04.008 D DAVID PUBLISHING Experimental Study to Evaluate the Performance of Iraqi Passive House in Summer Season Ghanim
More informationThe Study on Green Energy-saving Buildings Design. Li Weifang
The Study on Green Energy-saving Buildings Design Li Weifang School of Management, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China KEYWORD: Green Buildings; Energy-saving; Design; Implementing
More informationSimulation and Energy Analysis of Thermal Environment of Unassisted Passive Solar House
, pp.84-89 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.123.17 Simulation and Energy Analysis of Thermal Environment of Unassisted Passive Solar House Hou Gang 1, Li Bing 2 1 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,
More informationFULL YEAR PERFORMANCE SIMULATION OF A DIRECT-COOLED THERMAL STORAGE ROOF (DCTSR) IN THE MIDWEST
FULL YEAR PERFORMANCE SIMULATION OF A DIRECT-COOLED THERMAL STORAGE ROOF (DCTSR) IN THE MIDWEST Richard C. Bourne Davis Energy Group, Inc. 123 C Street Davis, CA 95616 and Dr. Bing Chen Passive Solar Research
More informationAM-55, AM-56) B U I L D I N G P A R T N E R S H I P S F O R E N E R G Y S E C U R I T Y
Nearly zero-energy building and components of the DIRECTIVE on energy performance of buildings 2010/31/EU Albin Zsebik, PhD, CEM Improving university curricula in the areas of a) energy efficiency in the
More informationCOPYRIGHTED MATERIAL. Contents Overview WHAT'S IN THE SWL PRINTED WHAT'S IN THE SWL ELECTRONIC I NAVIGATION 20 VIII DETAILED DESIGN STRATEGIES E.
WHAT'S IN THE SWL PRINTED I NAVIGATION 20 SWL Printed Contents SWL Electronic Contents Additional Navigation Methods II USING SUN, WIND & LIGHT 50 Buildings and Energy Use Design Decision Chart for Net-Zero
More informationhouse hot humid BLAKELY RESIDENCE THE BRIEF
house hot humid 1/6 BLAKELY RESIDENCE Conventional techniques and materials were used in the construction of this Brisbane house. It constitutes a low cost solution to the requirement for an environmentally
More informationGREEK TRADITIONAL BIOCLIMATIC ARCHITECTURE
Technical Chamber of Greece 1 st Greek Chinese Forum on the environment 3-4 / 12 /2009 Thematic area: Bioclimatic Architecture GREEK TRADITIONAL BIOCLIMATIC ARCHITECTURE Christos Floros, architect 5 Avlidos
More informationRETRACTED ARTICLE. Energy Saving Measures and Strengthening Thermal Insulation Construction Technology in Residential Building Design.
Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscience.ae The Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal, 2014, 7, 139-144 139 Open Access Energy Saving Measures and Strengthening Thermal Insulation Construction
More informationCOOLZONE LIGHTWEIGHT THERMAL MASS FOR CLASSROOM COMFORT
COOLZONE LIGHTWEIGHT THERMAL MASS FOR CLASSROOM COMFORT THE PRIORITY SCHOOLS BUILDING PROGRAMME COOLZONE, AT THE HEART OF YOUR ENERGY AMBITIONS The first of more than 200 schools to have its condition
More information"Innovation on High Ground"
Arch 463 ECS Fall 2017 1 Name Quiz #4 "Innovation on High Ground" South façade. For this problem you are a teaching assistant. You re trying to understand the new RMI headquarters building so that you
More informationMURDOCH RESEARCH REPOSITORY
MURDOCH RESEARCH REPOSITORY http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/22363/ James, G.M., Anda, M. and Mathew, K. (6) Thermal performance of passive solar designed sustainable demonstration homes in Perth,
More information