The BeWater project : Participatory approach

Transcription

1 The BeWater project : Participatory approach EFIMED WEEK 2016 Dr. Sihem JEBARI Tunisian National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water, and Forestry Italy 07 November, 2016

2 Introduction & historical context The historical background of the agricultural landscape management all over 3000 years contributed to give specific shapes of land occupation, and natural resources exploitation. Woods were rich in pines, highly appreciated for boat building since it creates light ships. Numid (1500 B.C.) Punic (1000 B.C B.C.) Arab (700 A.C A.C.) Roman (146 B.C. 600 A.C.) Ottoman (1500 A.C A.C.) Colonial (1880 A.C A.C.) Modern (1956 A.C A.C.)

3 Semiarid forests Wood was among the most valuable goods in the Mediterranean Sea trade circle. Agricultural landscape Sihem Jebari The Carthagian carpenters assembled and put afloat boats on an average of one vessel each 2 days.

4 Views across the semiarid agricultural landscape.

5 The advantages of the small reservoirs (Water management option & Innovation) * They are commonly established in areas where rainfall is higher than 300 mm * They are built in selected areas to provide yearly additional water-points for livestock, irrigation, etc....

6 Integration in semiarid area environment of small reservoirs offers real possibilities for local development : * Extending the irrigation area; * Mitigating the rainfall loss which affects the yield of rainfall dependent crops (olives, cereals and grazing); * Stabilizing rural population in marginal areas (by creating job opportunities and improving income)

7 BeWater Making society an active participant in water adaptation to global change

8 A collaborative response to Global Change Global change affects the whole society ADAPTATION Dialogue and collaboration between science and society Social awareness, empowerment and joint responsibility Bottom-up approach BeWater Particular risk in Mediterranean region: severe water stress

9 What about other river basins? Four cardinal points of the Mediterranean, representative of various conditions Small river basins facilitate understanding of river basin dynamics Essential links between society and territory Extrapolation of results to other Mediterranean areas

10 The BeWater process Scientific Work Stakeholder Interactions Drafting River Basin Adaptation Plans

11 Diverse river basins, shared challenges Challenge Pedieos Rmel Tordera Vipava Water quality Water quantity Flooding Forests & biodiversity / ecosystems

12 Science based work: CSLs, project partners Iterative approach Participatory events: views of SHs Science based work Build on outcomes Interviews with selected SHs: Review & test Participatory approach May July 2014 Science based work Narratives and WMOs Participatory events: Evaluation of WMOs Science based work Finalise WMOs May July 2015 Participatory events: Discuss final WMOs Now! River basin adaptation plan..

13 Challenges identified: Rmel River Basin Water quantity - Irregular and intense rain plus overgrazing and bad agricultural practices cause soil degradation /erosion, leading to a reduction of dam storage capacity Water quality - Waste liquids from industrial zone released into the river Agriculture - Predominance of ancient techniques and old agricultural customs; land conflicts Forest & biodiversity management - Over-exploitation of the forest and intensive agro-pastoral practices have led to severe degradation of forest resources Awareness of civil society - Lack of coordination between authorities and civil society on importance of natural resources Human resource and employment - Lack of vocational training, income generation and specialised manpower plus unemployment and migration

14 ANALYSE DES résultats Description de l état actuel et des défis du bassin hydrologique Description de l état futur souhaité du bassin hydrologique Comparaison état actuel et état futur souhaité PROCESSUS BeWater Atelier parties prenantes I La description du bassin Version texte Carte cognitive Plans existants Entretiens Autres ressources Options de gestion des eaux Option Identification des options Caractérisation Perfectionnement Évaluation de l impact & des options Évaluation qualitative et (semi-) quantitative des options de gestion des eaux Atelier parties prenantes II ANALYSE MULTICRITERE (AMC) Présentation et discussion des résultats Ensemble d options validées et classées Option Option Option Analyse coûts-bénéfices

15 Ensemble d options validées et classées Option Option Option Option Option Première version du Plan d adaptation du bassin hydrologique Politique/Stratégie et évaluation de sa mise en œuvre Regroupement Évaluation des synergies et des avantages communs Préparation de la version Identification de la version Objectifs de la gestion adaptative Atelier parties prenantes III Méthode de gestion adaptative Définition des questions d évaluation et de suivi, des indicateurs et des sources de données Identification des responsabilités Plan d adaptation final du bassin hydrologique

16 Rmel River Basin Map

17 Rmel River Basin Key WMOs 19 Water Management Options Promote new water and soil conservation techniques - Set more runoff harvesting techniques and promote water and soil conservation devices all over the Rmel river basin. This option increases the quantity of surface water resources and, reduces the soil loss in a context of sustainable agriculture. Use of water irrigation technologies - Use of water-saving techniques in irrigated perimeters for profitable agriculture while consuming less water. Reduction of society pressure on forests - Involving local population in the management and the protection of forests to decrease overexploitation of these resources. Involving stakeholders in all steps of the study and decision making - Improving decision making of civil society to ensure relevant results, particularly the acceptance of solutions.

18 Options related to the forest * Developing financial awarness tools * Reduction of society pressure on forests * Protection against forest fire * Introduction of new agroforestry species and enrichment of existing forest * Better governance of forest resources * Awarness campaign and learning * Improved decision making * Promote projects that generate more incomes * Incourage investments * Developing skills for young people

19 Communication and dissemination * We are using the Leaflet & poster. * Articles are published in local magazine Al Wamidh and one more in press. The approach s targets are the regional large public. * We visit weekly the river basin and talk to people (farmers and professional groups) who are dealing directly or indirectly with natural resources

20 Communication and dissemination * We organize workshops, conduct interviews with stakeholders, exhibitions, awareness campaign (project, challenges: Forest and biodiversity management, Human resources and employment ) Identify and validate management options

21 Communication and dissemination Events had the goal to spread more the idea of the project among the civil society who were diversified and from different ages. CC impacts, NR challenges. Youth Initiative

22 Reinforcing global change resilience of local communities: Insights from the adaptation planning in Rmel river basin- Tunisia - The booth of the Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture, COP22.

23 Contents of RBAP 1. Introduction (context, approach and objectives, overview of contents ) 2. Development of the adaptation plan (living in the basin, RBAP development and stakeholder engagement) 3. Characterisation of the basin (current and future state of the basin, main challenges and interlinkages, etc,) 4. Water management option 5. Detailed presentation of all WMOs (Annex)

24 River basin adaptation plans

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