Characterizing U.S. Fruit and Vegetable Production

Transcription

1 Characterizing U.S. Fruit and Vegetable Production Daniel Pick, Chief & Agnes Perez, Agricultural Economist Specialty Crops and Fibers Branch

2 The Fruit and Vegetable Industry Census of Agriculture reports area and production for over 100 fruit and vegetable commodities or groups of commodities. Some are annuals and some are perennials. Some grown for direct consumption, such as fresh-market apples, grapes, and tomatoes, while others for processing into products such as orange juice, tomato sauce, and frozen sweet corn.

3 U.S. Farm Cash Receipts for Crops Source: USDA, Economic Research Service, Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room.

4 Vegetable Crops With Highest Farm Cash Receipts Average Billion $ Source: Economic Research Service, USDA.

5 Fruit and Tree Nut Crops With Highest Farm Cash Receipts Average Source: Economic Research Service, USDA. Billion $

6 Factors driving the upward trend in U.S. fruit and vegetable production over the last 50 years Improvements in production management and technology Growth in domestic consumption Expansion in export sales

7 Number of Fruit and Vegetable Farms in the United States * Includes sweet potatoes. ** Includes dried herbs. Source: 2002 Census of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

8 Harvested Acres of U.S. Fruit and Vegetable Farms Million acres * Includes sweet potatoes. ** Includes dried herbs. Source: Census of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

9 Growth in U.S. Fruit and Vegetable Production Slows in Recent Years 1,000 short tons Sources: Citrus Fruits Summary, Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts Summary, Vegetables, Crop Production, and Mushrooms, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

10 Factors slowing production growth: Weather and disease problems Global competition Competition with urban land development

11 Average U.S. Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables Pounds per person, farm-weight *Melons, dry peas & lentils, dry beans, and mushrooms are included. Source: Calculated by Economic Research Service, USDA.

12 U.S. Per Capita Consumption of Vegetables and Melons Pulses--1.6% Sweet potatoes--1.0% Mushrooms--0.9% Canning--22.7% Freezing--4.8% Fresh--39.1% All potatoes--29.8% *Average product share Source: Calculated by Economic Research Service, USDA.

13 Harvested Acres in the U.S. Vegetable and Melon Industry 1,000 acres Source: Vegetables and Crop Production, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

14 Harvested Area for Select Fresh- Market Vegetables and Melons 1,000 acres Source: Vegetables Annual Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

15 Harvested Acres of Select Processing Vegetables 1,000 acres Source: Vegetables Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

16 Fresh Vegetable Production Increasing Slowly* 1,000 Short tons Processing Fresh *Fresh output includes melons; Both fresh and processing excludes potatoes, sweet potatoes, pulses, and mushrooms. Source: Vegetables, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

17 Production of Select Fresh- Market Vegetables and Melons 1,000 cwt Source: Vegetables Annual Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

18 Production of Select Processing Vegetables 1,000 short tons Source: Vegetables Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

19 Land Used for Vegetables, 2002 Source: Prepared by USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2002 Census of Agriculture.

20 Share of Hired Workers in U.S. Vegetable and Melon Farms: Top 10 States* Percent * Combined share accounted for 71 percent of total in Source: Calculated by USDA, Economic Research Service using data from 2002 Census of Agriculture, USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service.

21 Hired Versus Contract Labor As A Share of Wages in U.S. Vegetable and Melon Farms* Percent *Top 10 States accounted for 81 percent of total wages in Source: Calculated by USDA, Economic Research Service using data from 2002 Census of Agriculture, USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service.

22 U.S. Per Capita Fruit and Tree Nuts Consumption* Frozen--2% Tree nuts--1% Canned--6% Dried--3% Wine--11% Juice--42% Fresh--35% *Average product share Source: Calculated by Economic Research Service, USDA.

23 U.S. Fruit Production in Declines in Recent Years Mil. tons Noncitrus Citrus P = Preliminary. Source: Citrus Fruit Summary and Noncitrus Fruit and Nuts Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

24 Fruit and Tree Nuts Bearing Acreage 1,000 acres Noncitrus Citrus Tree nuts P = preliminary. Source: Citrus Fruits Summary and Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

25 Product Composition of U.S. Noncitrus Fruit Production* * Based on 2005 utilized production of 18,299,000 short tons, fresh-equivalent. Source: Noncitrus Fruit and Nuts Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

26 Composition of Major U.S. Citrus Fruit Production Percent Source: Citrus Fruit Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

27 U.S. Land in Orchards, 2002 Source: Prepared by USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2002 Census of Agriculture.

28 U.S. Berry Acres, 2002 Source: Prepared by USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2002 Census of Agriculture.

29 Share of Hired Workers in U.S. Fruit and Tree Nut Farms: Top 5 States* Percent * Combined share accounted for 86 percent of total in Source: Calculated by USDA, Economic Research Service using data from 2002 Census of Agriculture, USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service.

30 Hired Versus Contract Labor As A Share of Wages in U.S. Fruit and Tree Nut Farms* Percent *Top 5 States accounted for 89 percent of total wages in Source: Calculated by USDA, Economic Research Service using data from 2002 Census of Agriculture, USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service.

31 Change In Bearing Acreage of Select U.S. Fruit and Tree Nuts 1,000 acres P = preliminary. * Most recent year is Source: Citrus Fruit Summary and Noncitrus Fruit and Nuts Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

32 U.S. Tree Nut Production Grows Mil. tons, in-shell basis P = Preliminary. Source: Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts Summary, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

33 U.S. Strawberry Production* Million pounds * Average rate of growth relatively steady at over 4.0 percent. P=preliminary. Source: Noncitrus Fruit and Nuts Summary, NASS, USDA.

34 U.S. Production of Other Berries Also Expanding Million pounds Blueberries Raspberries Blackberries Cranberries Average rate of increase in production (percent) Period Blueberries Raspberries Cranberries Blackberries 1990s * 2000s P=Preliminary. Source: Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts Summary, NASS, USDA.

35 U.S. Fruit and Vegetable Trade* Million dollars *Excludes wine, essential oils, malt beverages, cut flowers, and nursery stock. Source: Prepared by USDA, Economic Research Service using data from U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau.

36 Import share of total domestic fruit and vegetable disappearance* Percent *Fresh and processing. Vegetables includes melons and fruit includes bananas and olives. Source: USDA, Economic Research Service.

37 Percent Imports share of total domestic fresh fruit and vegetable disappearance Source: USDA, Economic Research Service.