Weed Management in Vegetables

Transcription

1 Weed Management in Vegetables ED PEACHEY

2 An awkward Monday night

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4 Rhubarb Beets Squash New and potential labels Field notes from the summer of 2014 Weeds in the news

5 Disclaimer Please take note.not all herbicides or uses discussed in this presentation are registered.

6 Rhubarb

7 Weed Control in Rhubarb I. Recent Labels Callisto (2008) Sandea (10) Caparol (12) Quinstar (12) Lorox (14) II. Very soon Zeus (sulfentrazone, Spartan)

8 Sandea + Spartan Koskela and McReynolds Herbicide Rate Weed Control (0-10) Yield (kg/plot) Weed Control (0-10) Yield (kg/plot) Sandea + Spartan Weedy control

9 Experiment Initiated Jan 6, x 2x 2x 2x 2x 2x 2x 2x Casoron Sandea Callisto Devrinol Caparol Kerb Dual Magnum Zeus 2x Lorox

10 Rhubarb Weed Control Demonstration Plot Field tour End of February/early March Single treatments (9) 2-Way treatments (81)

11 Herbicide Max use rate #/A Cost/A 1 Casoron 1.4 gal $ 93 2 Sandea +COC 1 oz $ 35 3 Callisto +COC 6 oz $ 27 4 Devrinol 8 lbs $ 90 5 Caparol +COC 4 pt $ 27 6 Kerb 4 lbs $ Dual Magnum 1.33 pt $ 15 8 Zeus +COC 10 oz $ 64 9 Lorox+COC 3 lbs $ Quinstar+COC 12.6 oz $ 21

12 Lorox (supplemental label)

13 From the label Apply as a single treatment Up to 3 pounds/a Dormant application (before leaves emerge from the crown).

14 Weeds controlled by Lorox Preemergence Broadleaves and grasses Postemergence Broadleaves to 6 in. Grasses to 2 in. Adjuvant increases activity

15 Quinclorac (Quinstar, Albaugh) Postemergence Selective control Broadleaves and a couple grasses

16 Weeds controlled Bindweeds Canada thistle (suppression) Clover Dandelion Perennial sowthistle Foxtail (green and yellow) Barnyard grass Crabgrass Bedstraw Dodder Lambsquarters Prickly lettuce Ragweed Sunflower

17 Best timing for bindweed control Apply before first killing frost in fall Must have enough growth on bindweed to intercept quinclorac actively growing, 4 in shoots Read the main label section on bindweed control.

18 Timing for in season control Allowed two applications per year Max 24 oz 30 day separation 30 day PHI Use when bindweed is about 8 in. tall in the spring

19 Zeus (not labeled) Expected in days Active ingredient = sulfentrazone Spartan

20 Zeus (not labeled) PPO inhibitor = Gr 14 Related herbicides: Goal Aim Reflex Cobra

21 Recommended Zeus rates (oz/a) Soil texture Soil OM coarse medium fine (oz/a) <1.5% to 3% >3%

22 Zeus directions Rhubarb crowns 1 or more years old PRE and POST annual broadleaves nutsedge Activate with water Significant rotation intervals for some crops 24 mo for canola 36 mo for beets

23 Herbicide Max use rate #/A Cost/A 1 Casoron 1.4 gal $ 93 2 Sandea +COC 1 oz $ 35 3 Callisto +COC 6 oz $ 27 4 Devrinol 8 lbs $ 90 5 Caparol +COC 4 pt $ 27 6 Kerb 4 lbs $ Dual Magnum 1.33 pt $ 15 8 Zeus +COC 10 oz $ 64 9 Lorox+COC 3 lbs $ Quinstar+COC 12.6 oz $ 21

24 Table Beets

25 Pyramin gone Sugarbeet mix/betamix gone Spin-Aid still intact Ro-Neet here for now

26 The only good news

27 Weaknesses of Upbeet Good on very small weeds Weak on lambsquarters But no soil residual Needs help Upbeet should supplement main practices

28 Upbeet efficacy on chard (2012) 60% 83% 93% UpBeet alone Dual Magnum PRE Dual Magnum PRE + UpBeet

29 2014 research Upbeet timing Upbeet rate (oz) Cotyledon 0.5 Cotyledon 1 Cotyledon 2 Currently labeled 2 lf lf 1 2 lf 2 4 lf lf 1 4 lf 2

30 2014 Check plot

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32 All other treatments

33 Upbeet Rate vs Timing Beet yield (t/a) oz/a 1 oz/a 2 oz/a coty 2 lf 4 lf check

34 Potential rate adjustment + Allow up to 1 oz/a Upbeet on 2-leaf + Apply ½ oz/a during cotyledon stage + Earlier timing may be the added edge to control lambsquarters - Still costs a lot

35 Of course, integrated strategies.. Dual Magnum + Nortron + Cultivation 2-lf Upbeet 2-lf Dual Magnum + Nortron + Cultivation 2-lf

36 1/16/2015 Cucurbits

37 April 15, C, SLN County specific Summer and Winter Squash

38 Potential use of Reflex in other cucurbits Butternut

39 Using Reflex Herbicide 1. Must be activated with water shortly after planting. 2. Setting herbicide will avoid potential injury from splashing.

40 Immediate incorporation with >1/2 water is essential

41 Using Reflex Herbicide 3. Use caution when applying on soils with low CEC (especially butternut, zucchini) 4. Avoid applying Reflex before long cold and wet periods. 5. Alternate year 1 pt applications.

42 Carryover Concerns Table beets injured Brassica (cabbage), Corn, Wheat (4 months) Crop response at 12 months (2013)

43 CROP INJURY FROM REFLEX CARRYOVER (2014) 5 MONTHS AFTER APPLICATION Reflex applied May, 2014; Follow crops planted Oct 10, 2014 Check 2 pts Ann ryegrass Bentgrass Table beets

44 % injury Crop injury from Reflex carryover (2014) Reflex applied May, 2014; Follow crops planted Oct Reflex 1 pt Reflex 2 pt Ann Rye Bentgrass Broccoli Per Rye Table beet Tall fescue

45 Notes from the field season of 2015

46 CARRYOVER ISSUES

47 Cautions on using Stinger Carryover from perennial crops

48 Cautions on using Stinger Still showing up in compost

49 CROP SELECTIVITY

50 Cautions on using Stinger Avoid extreme environmental conditions Do not tank mix with products that may increase uptake

51 INCORPORATING PREEMERGENCE HERBICIDES

52 Notes on using Outlook herbicide in squash Sprayer skip Outlook herbicide

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54 Late incorporation of Dual Magnum on snap beans

55 Hypothesis

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57 rainfall (in) Rainfall data 0.8 May rainfall Corvallis Salem May 11 Sunday Mother s Day

58 incomplete incorporation causes poor weed control

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60 CONTAMINATED SPRAY TANKS Aim, Goal, Spartan followed by Topsin 1 qt Rovral 1.5 pt Brigade 6 oz Syltac 4 oz. Triple 9 1qt 1.5pt 6oz 4oz 1gal

61 Pnwhandbooks.org/weed

62 HERBICIDE INJURY IN PERENNIAL CROPS Roundup, Rely, Gramoxone Crop safety, Callisto

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65 Practices to avoid when controlling suckers or weeds in trees Do not allow Roundup to contact green or immature bark or foliage. Avoid contact of Rely and Gramoxone with green or immature bark. Do not add adjuvants to Rely when applying to suckers.

66 Rely 200 (glufosinate)

67 NEW LABELS

68 New Approved Uses of Interest Artichokes Chateau Horseradish, dill, celeriac Lorox Cilantro DMag (MI-SLN) Edamame DMag, Lorox, Reflex, Spartan Devrinol DF-XT 50 DF UV protected

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70 Sweet Corn: Anthem + ATZ Anthem = Zidua/Sharpen (pyroxasulfone) + Cadet( fluthiacet methyl)* (PPO inhibitor like Aim, does not kill grasses)

71 What is pyroxasulfone (Zidua)? 1x on spinach 2x on spinach

72 Newer products Solstice = Cadet (fluthiacet methyl) + Callisto

73 Is strategic planning in your future? Where are the holes in current programs? Design a field trial Test promising strategies at NWREC Begin data collection for registrations You are invited!

74 WEEDY NEWS FROM 2014

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77 WHAT IS ENLIST DUO? EPA is registering the pesticide in 6 states: Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ohio, SD., and Wis. Considering 10 more states: Ark., Kan., La., Minn., Mo., Miss., Neb., Okla., Tenn., and ND.

78 ENLIST DUO Comments from Doug Doohan, Ohio State Progress in herbicide volatility reduction is promising and impressive, but fruit and vegetable growers still need to proceed with caution. These developments eliminate risk, and I predict that incidents of damage to sensitive crops will increase, at least during the first few years.

79 ENLIST DUO Choline salt of 2,4-D, less prone to volatilization (not drift) Restrictions 30-foot in-field no spray buffer zone wind speed less than 15 mph

80 FORCELLA BLASTS AWAY WEEDS

81 MECHANIZATION IN AGRICULTURE Michael Wing, OSU, OPVC Growers Mtg, Jan 29

82 QUESTIONS?

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