CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM SMALL-SCALE PROGRAM ACTIVITY DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-CPA- DD) Version 01 CONTENTS

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1 CDM Executive Board page 1 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM SMALL-SCALE PROGRAM ACTIVITY DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-CPA- DD) Version 01 CONTENTS A. General description of CDM programme activity (CPA) B. Eligibility of CPA and Estimation of Emission Reductions C. Environmental Analysis D. Stakeholder comments Annexes Annex 1: Contact information on entity/individual responsible for the CPA Annex 2: Information regarding public funding Annex 3: Baseline Information Annex 4: Monitoring Plan NOTE: (i) This form is for submission of CPAs that apply a small scale approved methodology using the provision of the proposed small scale CDM PoA. (ii) The coordinating/managing entity shall prepare a CDM Small Scale Programme Activity Design Document (CDM-SSC-CPA-DD) 1,2 that is specified to the proposed PoA by using the provisions stated in the SSC PoA DD. At the time of requesting registration the SSC PoA DD must be accompanied by a CDM-SSC CPA-DD form that has been specified for the proposed SSC PoA, as well as by one completed CDM-SSC CPA-DD (using a real case). After the first CPA, every CPA that is added over time to the SSC PoA must submit a completed CDM-SSC CPA-DD. 1 The latest version of the template form CDM-CPA-DD is available on the UNFCCC CDM web site in the reference/document section. 2 At the time of requesting validation/registration, the coordinating managing entity is required to submit a completed CDM-POA-DD, the PoA specific CDM-CPA-DD, as well as one of such CDM-CPA-DD completed (using a real case).

2 CDM Executive Board page 2 SECTION A. General description of small scale CDM programme activity (CPA) A.1. Title of the small-scale CPA: CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project Version /08/2012 A.2. Description of the small-scale CPA: Purpose of Project Activity The SSC-CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project involves the distribution of domestic fuelefficient cook stoves by CZRWA Ltd to households within the Rubavu District in the Western Province, Rwanda. The efficient cook stoves are based on a design developed by co2balance UK Ltd, and tested independently. They will be installed by the company at a highly subsidised cost for users, in exchange for the rights to the Certified Emission Reductions (CERs). The majority of families would not otherwise have access to the market for fuel-efficient cook stoves for economic reasons. It is the revenue from the sale of CERs only that will fund the installation process. Biomass, principally firewood, holds huge importance in Rwanda, accounting for at least 86% of energy consumption. 3 Wood fuel is in particularly high demand, especially in rural areas where 98% of households rely on wood as their main cooking fuel. 4 Traditionally, families in the Rubavu District cook utilising a three-stone open fire. This method is inefficient and leads to the unsustainable usage of non-renewable biomass in the cooking process. The replacement fuelefficient stove will lead to a reduction in the annual usage of biomass for users by 71%. 5 In addition to reducing the usage of biomass, and thus reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the distribution of fuel-efficient cook stoves will also lessen the amount of harmful smoke and indoor air pollution currently associated with traditional three-stone fires. This will result in a decrease in the incidences of negative health impacts, such as respiratory diseases, amongst rural households. The environmental, social and economic benefits of the distribution of efficient cook stoves through the SSC-CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project will be further explored later. Users will enter into an agreement with CZRWA Ltd, transferring rights to the CERs generated by the CPA in return for the very low cost installation of the stove, education on its use, and its ongoing maintenance over the lifetime of the CPA. The users must also agree to submit to the monitoring programme as described in the Efficient Cook Stove Programme: Rwanda PoA-DD and the proposed CPA-DD. CZRWA Ltd will, where possible, employ Rwandan manufacturers to produce the components for each stove to a standardised format. A standardised, pre-cast combustion chamber and other components will be manufactured and constructed at a central location. These components will then be distributed to the Rubavu District via a central location, where a regional contractor will be responsible for the assembly and installation of each stove in the chosen household. 3 Rwanda Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA), 2011: 4 World Health Organisation (WHO), 2005 Environmental Health Statistics: 5 See accompanying Specification and Builders Manual

3 CDM Executive Board page 3 The household will be given the option of having the stove fixed within the home or in a covered cooking location outside. Alternatively, stoves will not be fixed in one place. At the request of the household, co2balance Rwanda Ltd contractors will prepare a safe level area both inside and outside the home to allow stove position to be changed depending on the season. However, an unfixed stove is more susceptible to damage and theft, and if a significant number of stoves are lost from within the project boundary this option will be reviewed. A stove construction and specification guide was developed by CZRWA Ltd to ensure identical performance across stoves. 5 Each contractor will be trained to assemble each stove to an exact specification. CZRWA Ltd will be responsible for ensuring that data is captured at the assembly point to ensure the monitoring of stoves in operation over the CPA crediting period. The contractor will be trained to capture this monitoring data from the installation process, indentifying each stove by a unique reference number and GPS tag. Monitoring data collected during the installation and operation of the stoves will be captured in an electronic data management system, or monitoring database. From this data, the emissions reductions of the CPA will be determined. This system will be available for review by the Designated Operational Entity (DOE) during the validation and verification. Each CPA will require separate validation and verification. CZRWA Ltd has undertaken a thorough stakeholder engagement process for the Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project CPA under the PoA, ensuring that stove users understand the installation agreement, are trained in the usage of the stove and are able to give adequate feedback on their usage of the stove. Contribution to Sustainable Development The CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project contributes to the sustainable development of the Rubavu District in a number of ways: i. Environmental The CPA will help significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions over its lifetime. The CPA will help reduce the use of non-renewable biomass from forests, assisting with the preservation of existing forest stock, protecting natural forest eco-systems and wildlife habitats. The protection of standing forests will ensure the maintenance of watersheds that regulate water table levels and prevent flash flooding. A reduction in fire wood consumption will lead to reduced deforestation and therefore reduced erosion and nutrient loss. ii. Social Considerably less time will need to be spent collecting wood fuel for the family home thereby reducing the work burden on rural families and presenting alternative opportunities for economic development and a higher standard of living. The amount of indoor pollutants from the burning of biomass in the family home will be reduced. Less Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and particulates will be emitted, reducing the likelihood of respiratory diseases and thus impacting positively on the health of the households.

4 CDM Executive Board page 4 Less time will need to be spent cooking, allowing greater opportunity to focus on other household tasks and the supervision of children. Safety in the home will be improved, reducing incidences of injuries and burns, as the efficient cook stoves are safer to cook on. iii. Economic The Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project CPA will benefit the rural economy by providing employment in the installation, maintenance, and monitoring of the stoves, as well as training and employing community education staff. Costs incurred in the purchase of fuel will be reduced through increased thermal efficiency, allowing more money to be spent on food, health care, education etc. The CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project will deliver long-term, secure and simple contributions to sustainable development in the Rubavu District that, without carbon finance, would not exist. A.3. Entity/individual responsible for the small-scale CPA: Name of Party Involved ( Host indicates a host Party) Private and/or Public entity(ies) project participants (as applicable) Kindly indicate if the Party involved wishes to be considered as project participant (yes/no) No The Republic of Rwanda CZRWA Ltd (Host) United Kingdom CZRWA Ltd No CZRWA Ltd will act as the Coordinating/Managing entity of the PoA, and Joint Focal Point which communicates with the CDM Executive Board. CZRWA Ltd is also the entity responsible for CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project and will hereafter be referred to as the CPA implementer. A.4. Technical description of the small-scale CPA: A.4.1. Identification of the small-scale CPA: CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project A Host Party: The Republic of Rwanda A Geographic reference or other means of identification allowing the unique identification of the small-scale CPA (maximum one page): Below is the geographic reference to allow unique identification of the CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project. The location of the project activity is within the administrative boundary of the Rubavu District in the Western Province of Rwanda. The project boundary is taken from administrative boundaries, and a range of GPS co-ordinates to include the Project Area are also

5 CDM Executive Board page 5 listed. Each stove built as part of the project activity will be assigned a unique GPS co-ordinate, which is uploaded to the project database managed by CZRWA Ltd. Co-ordinates for the Rubavu CPA showing most Northerly, Easterly, Westerly and Southerly points are given below: A.4.2. Duration of the small-scale CPA: Figure 1. CPA 1 Rubavu Location Country Region District Locatio n Rwanda Western Province Sub- Loc atio n Boundary Point Rubavu n/a n/a Geographical Reference Latitude Longitude /12/2012 A Starting date of the small-scale CPA: The above mentioned start date is an estimate of when either the implementation or construction or real action of the project activity will begin, in compliance with the Glossary of CDM Terms. 7 years A Expected operational lifetime of the small-scale CPA:

6 CDM Executive Board page 6 The business model has been based on financing any repair and maintenance of the stove for up to 7 years. The stove is designed to be robust, and it is anticipated to last for at least the length of the crediting period. However if necessary, replacements will be made to ensure the lifetime covers the crediting period. A.4.3. Choice of the crediting period and related information: Renewable crediting period 01/12/2012 A Starting date of the crediting period: The start date of the crediting period is the date of inclusion in the registered PoA. A Length of the crediting period, first crediting period if the choice is renewable CP: 7 years A.4.4. Estimated amount of emission reductions over the chosen crediting period: Over the 7-year crediting period the Rubavu Improved Cook Stove CPA will reduce 362,733 tco 2. Year Annual estimation of emission reduction of tco 2 -e 1 December ,819 1 December ,819 1 December ,819 1 December ,819 1 December ,819 1 December ,819 1 December ,819 Total estimated emission reductions (tco 2 -e) 362,733 Total number of crediting years 7 Annual average over crediting period of 51,819 estimated reductions (tco 2 -e) A.4.5. Public funding of the CPA: There is no public funding for the CPA. See attached declaration of this in Annex 2. A.4.6. Information to confirm that the proposed small-scale CPA is not a de-bundled component Each CPA is exempted from performing the de-bundling check as each individual sub-system (eg. cook stove) is no larger than 1% of the small-scale threshold of 180GWh th 6 per annum defined by the methodology, and will remain within this threshold throughout the crediting period. The CPA 6

7 CDM Executive Board page 7 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project is therefore considered to not be a de-bundled component of a large-scale activity. Small-scale threshold = 180 GWh th /year 1% of threshold = 1.8 GWh th /year Wood saving = 1.79 t/stove/year Therefore: GWh th (NCV Biomass) * 1.79 t/stove/year (Wood saving) = Energy saving/stove/year = GWh th /year which is less than 1.8 GWh th A.4.7. Confirmation that small-scale CPA is neither registered as an individual CDM project activity or is part of another Registered PoA: The SSC-CPA is neither registered as an individual CDM Project Activity nor is it part of another Registered PoA. The CDM database was accessed on 25/4/12. There are currently three other CDM PoA relating to efficient cooking stoves in Rwanda using the AMS-II.G methodology. These are the ICSEA PoA 8, the Atmosfair ggmbh PoA 9, and the Natural Balance PoA 10. These PoAs have different CMEs, use different technology and follow different business models to the proposed CPA. The CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project is uniquely defined by specific inclusion criteria and information unique to the CPA. All stoves under the CPA will be branded with the co2balance logo, which demonstrates their status as part of the co2balance PoA. SECTION B. Eligibility of small-scale CPA and Estimation of emissions reductions B.1. Title and reference of the Registered PoA to which small-scale CPA is added: Efficient Cook Stove Programme: Rwanda B.2. Justification of the why the small-scale CPA is eligible to be included in the Registered PoA : Below is a justification of how CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project meets the eligibility criteria defined in the PoA-DD to ensure its eligibility for inclusion in the PoA: Atmosfair:

8 CDM Executive Board page 8 Eligibility Criteria Description Supporting Evidence Fixed At PoA CPA CPA Location and Project Boundary The geographical boundary of each CPA will be within the geographic boundaries of the Republic of Rwanda. The location of CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project is specified in this CPA-DD, in which the CME states that the location is within the Republic of Rwanda. The CPA has been uniquely defined by a range of GPS coordinates and current administrative maps to define the project boundary. Avoiding Double Counting of Emissions Reductions Each CPA will ensure double counting of emission reductions is avoided, through the GPS tracking and identification of each stove with a unique identification number. The identification system employed is outlined in the PoA-DD. Each stove is linked with GPS coordinates and a unique identification number. Personal householder information is also gathered for each stove installed. These details are uploaded to our database which is available to view by the DOE. Technology and Target Group Each CPA will involve the distribution and installation of efficient cook stoves to rural households, cooking with firewood on a traditional three-stone stove, for domestic purposes. Surveys or desk based research will be used to determine those households matching the target group. Baseline The characteristics and current biomass consumption of households in the baseline scenario will be identified for each CPA. Kitchen Surveys (KS) and Kitchen Performance Tests (KPT) will be carried out and a report produced which covers the areas of each CPA.

9 CDM Executive Board page 9 Efficiency of Technology Employed The efficiency of the improved cook stove may vary by CPA as the model is developed, but will have an efficiency of at least 20%, determined using the Shell Water Boiling Test HEH method, unless otherwise specified. The stove used in CPA 1 operates at 34% efficiency. The specifications, certification and testing of the technology can be found in the accompanying Specification and Builders Manual Start Date of CPA The starting date will be the earliest date at which either the implementation or construction or real action of a programme activity begins. It will not be prior to the commencement of validation of the PoA (19/10/11), in accordance with the Glossary of CDM Terms, and will be supported with documentary evidence which can be checked at CPA inclusion. The starting date of CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project is after 19/10/11 but real action has not yet begun. The database of stoves includes the build date of each stove and will be available to the DOE, which will show no stoves were built prior to this date. Documentary evidence of the actual start date will be submitted when implementation has actually begun, such as the contract committing to the manufacture of stoves. Methodology Each CPA will be in compliance with AMS- II.G: Energy Efficiency Measures in Thermal Applications of Nonrenewable Biomass Version 3. To ensure compliance, this CPA has been checked to ensure it meets the methodology requirements, which have been included in these Eligibility Criteria. Methodology Each CPA will comprise appliances involving the efficiency improvements in the thermal applications of non-renewable biomass ie. the introduction of high The technology being distributed is an efficient cook stove, as outlined in all documents, and can be confirmed at site visits.

10 CDM Executive Board page 10 efficiency biomass fired cook stoves. Methodology Each CPA is able to show that non-renewable biomass has been used since 31 December 1989, using survey methods or referring to published literature, official reports or statistics. This is demonstrated at PoA level in Section E.2 Of the PoA-DD, as all CPA s are within Rwanda. Methodological Choices The methodological choices outlined in the PoA-DD will be applicable to all CPAs. Section E.6.1 of the PoA- DD explains the methodological choices selected for each CPA, including leakage considerations. These choices can be verified by the calculations submitted with this CPA-DD. Additionality Each CPA will demonstrate additionality according to the criteria outlined in Section E.5.2 of the PoA-DD, which establishes that in the absence of CDM, the implemented CPA would not occur. CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project is part of the co2balance programme, which uses carbon financing to alleviate barriers. All stoves will be branded with the co2balance logo to demonstrate this. At stove installation, a Carbon Transfer Form (CTF) will be signed and uploaded to our database stating that the rights to the carbon credits will lie with co2balance, verifying that the stove is part of the co2balance programme. Evidence of the Project Participant s expenditure has been attached with this CPA-DD along with simple cost analysis shown in Section B.3.

11 CDM Executive Board page 11 Additionality Each CPA will install efficient cook stoves in eligible households for a nominal installation fee. Each stove is linked with GPS coordinates and a unique identification number. These details are uploaded to our database which is available to view by the DOE, and shows the cook stoves that have been installed. Additionality Each CPA will be part of the co2balance programme, which provides funding to alleviate the barriers faced. All stoves will be branded with the co2balance logo to demonstrate this. Additionality Each CPA must face an investment barrier, as identified in Section A.4.3 (in compliance with EB 63 Annex 24). Evidence of the Project Participant s expenditure has been attached with this CPA-DD along with simple cost analysis shown in Section B.3. Additionality Each CPA must be consistent with the current mandatory laws and regulations in the Republic of Rwanda at the time of inclusion. The laws and regulations will be reviewed at the inclusion of a new CPA to ensure the project is still consistent with them. Local Stakeholder Consultation Each CPA will conduct a local stakeholder consultation. The Local Stakeholder Consultation was held on 19/08/2011. This CPA- DD includes a description of how local stakeholders were invited, a summary of the comments received and an outline of how comments were taken into account. Environmental Impact Analysis Each CPA will be covered by the Environmental Impact Analysis The PoA has received a Certificate of EIA Exemption from the

12 CDM Executive Board page 12 requirements at PoA level. Rwandan DNA, which is submitted in the accompanying EIA Exemption document and covers each CPA. Non-Diversion of ODA There will be no public funding or diversion of ODA for the PoA including any of the proposed CPA s. A declaration can be found in Annex 2. Distribution Mechanism An implementation partner will distribute and install the improved cook stoves in participating households. A Carbon Transfer Form will be signed upon installation of the stove in each household, confirming that it has been received. It will be uploaded to our database and linked with the GPS coordinates of the actual stove, and is available for review Sampling Requirements Each CPA will follow the sampling requirements specified in the Standard for Sampling and Surveys for CDM Project Activities and Programme of Activities Version 02 in order to determine baseline and monitoring parameters. A Sampling Plan in compliance with the Standard for Sampling and Surveys for CDM Project Activities and Programme of Activities Version 02 has been included with this CPA- DD for baseline and monitoring parameters. Small-Scale Threshold Criteria Each CPA will remain under the small-scale threshold of 180 GWh th and remain within that threshold throughout the crediting period. The maximum number of cook stoves within each CPA will be calculated to remain within the 180 GWh th limit. These calculations are included with this CPA-DD in the attached Ex Ante Calculations. Avoiding Double Counting of Each CPA will show that it is exclusive to the PoA It has been stated that the specific CPA is neither

13 CDM Executive Board page 13 Programme Activities and not registered as another project activity or CPA under another PoA. registered as an individual CDM Project Activity or is part of another Registered PoA. The UNFCCC database was checked on 25/04/12 to confirm this. B.3. Assessment and demonstration of additionality of the small-scale CPA, as per eligibility criteria listed in the Registered PoA: As stated in Clarifications Regarding the Procedures for Registration of a Programme of Activities as a Single CDM Project Activity and Issuance of Certified Emission Reductions for a Programme of Activities (EB 60 Annex 26, paragraph 4), full additionality assessment is not required in the context of CPAs, rather the confirmation of additionality should be conducted by means of the eligibility criteria. Below is an explanation of how the CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project meets the criteria and is therefore deemed to be additional; Each CPA must demonstrate that it meets the Eligibility Criteria identified in Section A of the PoA-DD. Section B.2 above justifies and provides means of verification for how the SSC-CPA meets the Eligibility Criteria and is therefore eligible for inclusion in the PoA. Each CPA will install efficient cook stoves in eligible households for a nominal installation fee. The CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project involves the installation of approximately 24,152 improved cook stoves in rural households, currently cooking with firewood on traditional three-stone fires within the Rubavu District. The stoves will be installed at a highly subsidised installation fee. Each CPA will be part of the co2balance programme, which provides funding to alleviate the barriers faced. CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project will be registered as part of the PoA Improved Cook Stove Programme: Rwanda, of which CZRWA Ltd (part of co2balance) is the CME. Each CPA must face an investment barrier, as identified in Section A.4.3 (in compliance with EB 63 Annex 24). Evidence of the actual cost incurred by the Project Participant has been attached ( PP Cost Incurred ). CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project faces investment barriers the same as those faced at the PoA level. Simple cost analysis has been carried out below, which demonstrates that the cost of distributing improved cook stoves to the target population is not feasible without CDM alleviating the barriers. The cost of 28 is beyond the means of the households being targeted, but CDM allows the stoves to be distributed at a highly subsidised rate.

14 CDM Executive Board page 14 Simple Cost Analysis Material Qty Unit Cost Total Side Walls KES Back Wall KES Base KES Liner KES Side Skirts KES Shelf KES Pot Plate KES Assembly Cost KES Subtotal KES 1, TOTAL Ks. (inc VAT 16%) KES 2, Indirect costs (local transport, storage, loading-unloading & data collectors): 1, Therefore, total price per stove (direct + indirect costs): 3, Exchange rate (KES/ ) 125 Material Qty Unit Cost ( ) Total ( ) Side Walls Liner Metal Plate Liner Side Skirts Shelf Pot Plate Assembly Cost Subtotal Direct Costs (inc VAT 16%) Indirect Costs Total ( ) 28 Total RWF RWF 21,775 As has been explored in Section A.4.3 of the PoA-DD, 60% of Rwanda s population lives below the poverty line and the average annual income for the majority of the labour force is just USD ,14, with typically 68% of this income being spent on food 14. The remaining income, roughly USD 83 per year, needs to cover housing, transportation, education, and health costs among others. In rural areas especially, households struggle to even afford food with their salary; as much as 45% cannot meet their food needs 15. This highlights the impossibility of households saving enough of their very low income to afford the 21,775 RWF needed to purchase an efficient cook stove without subsidisation Rwanda Forest Information and Data 15 Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA):

15 Baseline SMALL-SCALE CDM PROGRAMME ACTIVITY DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM CDM Executive Board page 15 B.4. Description of the sources and gases included in the project boundary and proof that the small-scale CPA is located within the geographical boundary of the registered PoA. The sources listed below are included in the project boundary. The small-scale CPA is limited to the Rubavu District which is within the Republic of Rwanda, as illustrated in Section 4.1.2, therefore within the geographical boundary of the registered PoA. Source Gas Included? Justification / Explanation CO2 Yes Major source of emissions Combustion of fossil fuels Combustion of fossil fuels Combustion of fossil fuels CH4 No Minor source of emissions and limited data available. Exclusion is conservative assumption. N2O No Minor source of emissions and limited data available. Exclusion is conservative assumption. In compliance with the Methodology, the baseline scenario is the use of fossil fuels for meeting similar energy needs. The Methodology does not explicitly refer to project emissions, rather emission reductions, therefore these are the only gases to be considered within the project boundary. B.5. Emission reductions: B.5.1. Data and parameters that are available at validation: Parameters Sourced from the PoA-DD: Data / Parameter: fnrb,y Data unit: Fraction Description: Non-renewable biomass usage in Rwanda, as a proportion of total biomass usage Source of data used: Independent report Value applied: 0.98 Justification of the An independent consultant assessed the overall biomass usage in Rwanda choice of data or and, according to independently published sources, ascertained the description of proportion of that biomass which is non-renewable. The report is shown in measurement methods the accompanying NRB Report. and procedures actually applied : Any comment: - Data / Parameter: old Data unit: Fraction Description: Efficiency of three-stone fire cooking method (system being replaced) Source of data used: Methodology default Value applied: 0.10 Justification of the AMS-II.G/Version 03 choice of data or description of measurement methods

16 CDM Executive Board page 16 and procedures actually applied : Any comment: - Data / Parameter: NCVbiomass Data unit: TJ/tonne Description: Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass that is substituted Source of data used: 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Value applied: Justification of the AMS-II.G/Version 03 choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: - Data / Parameter: EFprojected_fossilfuel Data unit: tco 2 TJ Description: Emission factor: substitution of non-renewable biomass by similar consumers Source of data used: Methodology default Value applied: 81.6 Justification of the AMS-II.G/Version 03 choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: - Data / Parameter: Ly Data unit: Fraction Description: Leakage Correction Factor Source of data used: Leakage Assessment Methodology default Value applied: 0.95 Justification of the AMS-II.G/Version 03. choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: - Parameters Fixed at CPA Inclusion: Data / Parameter: Bold Data unit: Tonnes per annum per household Description: Quantity of biomass used in absence of the project activity (per stove) Source of data used: Baseline survey Value applied: Justification of the The baseline survey estimates the average biomass usage per annum across

17 CDM Executive Board page 17 choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: relevant clusters, according to an interviewed sample of stove end users. This data is gathered according to: Draft General Guidelines On Sampling And Surveys; EB37 Annex 27; and Standard For Sampling And Surveys For CDM Project Activities and Programme of Activities (Version 02); EB65 Annex 2 Data from the specific project area will be used in this CPA. Baseline survey results show a household uses 7.25kg of firewood per day (lower bound of the 90% confidence). This translates to tonnes per household per year. See Annex 3 for the baseline survey results. Data / Parameter: ηnew Data unit: Fraction Description: Efficiency of the replacement stove Source of data used: Baseline test Value applied: 0.34 Justification of the The stove design outlined in section A.4.2.1, above, was tested choice of data or independently for its efficiency in accordance with The Shell Foundation HEH description of method, by Nairobi University. Test results are shown in the accompanying measurement methods Specification and Builders Manual. Stove design and therefore efficiency and procedures actually may vary by CPA and if this is the case, a new test will be conducted and applied : results included with the CPA-DD. Any comment: - B.5.2. Ex-ante calculation of emission reductions: Ex-Ante Emissions Calculations: Parameter Unit Description ER tco 2 e Emission reductions during the year y y B, Tonnes Quantity of woody biomass that is saved y savings f Fraction Fraction of woody biomass saved by the project activity in year y NRB, y that can be established as non-renewable biomass NCV TJ/tonne Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass that is biomass substituted (IPCC default for wood fuel, 0.015) EF tco 2 /TJ Emission factor for the substitution of non-renewable woody projected _ fossilfuel biomass by similar consumers. Use a value of 81.6 B Tonnes Quantity of woody biomass used in the absence of the project old activity % Efficiency of the system being replaced. A default value of 0.10 may old be optionally used if the replaced system is a three stone fire % Efficiency of the system being deployed as part of the project new activity (fraction), as determined using the Water Boiling Test (WBT) protocol L % Leakage Correction Factor. Use a value of 0.95

18 CDM Executive Board page 18 Emission reductions for each SSC-CPA will be calculated according to the following formulas: ER y B y, savings f NRB, y NCVbiomass EF projected _ fossilfuel Where:. L For each SSC-CPA, certain parameters indicated in the methodology for the calculation of emissions are fixed. Default values have been selected for the following parameters: NCV The 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories value is selected, default value of TJ/tonne 1. biomass 2. EF projected _ fossilfuel The AMS-II.G/Version 03 default value of 81.6 tco 2 /TJ is selected 3. old The AMS-II.G/Version 03 default value of 0.10 is selected L y 4. The AMS-II.G/Version 03 default value of 0.95 is selected The Ex-Ante emissions reduction calculation is attached in the Ex Ante Calculations spreadsheet. Year B.5.3. Summary of the ex-ante estimation of emission reductions: Estimation of project activity emissions (tonnes of CO 2 e) Estimation of baseline emissions (tonnes of CO 2 e) Estimation of leakage (tonnes of CO 2 e) Estimation of overall emission reductions (tonnes of CO 2 e) Year ,657 Baseline 51,819 Year ,657 Multiplied by 51,819 Year , ,819 Year ,657 to account 51,819 Year ,657 for 51,819 Year ,657 any 51,819 Year ,657 leakages 51,819 Total (tonnes of CO 2 e) 0 536, ,733

19 CDM Executive Board page 19 B.6. Application of the monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan: B.6.1. Description of the monitoring plan: According to the methodology: Monitoring shall consist of checking the efficiency of all appliances or a representative sample thereof, at least once every two years (biennial) to ensure that they are still operating at the specified efficiency (ηnew) or replaced by an equivalent in service appliance. Where replacements are made, monitoring shall also ensure that the efficiency of the new appliance is similar to the appliances being replaced (Paragraph 15). Monitoring shall also consist of checking all appliances or a representative sample thereof, at least once every two years (biennial) to determine if they are still operating or are replaced by an equivalent in service appliance (Paragraph 16). Option (b) of Paragraph 20 has been chosen, whereby if baseline stoves continue to be used, monitoring shall ensure that the fuel-wood consumption of those stoves is excluded from B old. Paragraph 17, 18 and 21 of the methodology regarding monitoring are not applicable as they refer to Options not chosen for this PoA. The parameters to be monitored were chosen inline with the applicable methodology points outlined above. Every SSC-CPA will be monitored by CZRWA Ltd and a monitoring report will be produced, at a maximum, on a yearly basis. The monitoring plan for each SSC-CPA under the proposed SSC- PoA is identical and included in Annex 4. Monitored data will be kept for a minimum of two years after the end of the crediting period or last issuance of CERs for this programme. All data is kept on our electronic database and securely backed up. Original copies will be held securely at our Nairobi office or specific data storage facility. The following monitoring activities will be completed during the monitoring period by CZRWA Ltd for the proposed SSC-CPA. The full Monitoring Plan can be found in Annex 4, where the implementation of the monitoring is fully explained: 1) Selecting the Random Sample Group (RSG) A sample group of stove users will be selected for monitoring. This sample group will be selected with 90/10 precision (90% confidence interval and 10% margin of error) for annual monitoring and 95/5 precision for biennial monitoring, according to the guidance: Draft General Guidelines On Sampling And Surveys (EB 37, Annex 27) and Standard For Sampling And Surveys For CDM Project Activities and Programme of Activities (EB 65, Annex 2). The individual participants will be selected at random by a programme run on the monitoring database, related to the unique stove identification numbers, generating a random sample group (RSG) for the SSC-CPA. The RSG will change at the end of every monitoring period to ensure the selection remains random. A full Sampling Plan is included in the Sampling Plan document attached. 2) On-site RSG Monitoring The following monitoring activities of each household in the RSG will be undertaken:

20 CDM Executive Board page 20 a) A confirmation that the stove is still in situ and being utilized in the correct fashion b) A confirmation that the old appliance (three-stone fire) is not being used c) A check whether any maintenance of the stove is required following wear and tear d) A representative sample, of the stoves selected in a RSG will undergo a test of the thermal efficiency, utilising the same test as applied in the baseline assessment, for details see Annex 3. These stoves will be selected randomly. These activities will take the form of a biennial survey undertaken by co2balance Rwanda Ltd monitoring teams and a form will be completed, which is then submitted to CZRWA Ltd data handlers. 3) Data Management Hard copy data from the monitoring surveys will be passed to a central data handling team. This information will be inputted into the monitoring database. This database will already contain the data collected at the stove installation phase and it will have been used to identify the RSG. Data will be inputted against the unique identification number for the stove that is monitored. This database will be backed up by CZRWA Ltd to ensure security. Hard copy data will be retained in a secure location. All data will be maintained for a minimum of two years after the end of every crediting period. 5) Monitoring Report A monitoring report will be written at the end of every verification period and submitted to the DOE responsible for verification. This report will indicate how the monitoring plan has been followed and calculate the emissions reductions for each verification period. 6) Diagram of Responsibilities The diagram below shows the organisational responsibilities for the monitoring plan. Arrows show the flow of monitoring information.

21 CDM Executive Board page 21 Key Auditing Data collation Data collation, conversion to electronic and archiving of originals Data collation & electronic archiving. Completion of monitoring reports Data gathering Co2balance Rwanda CZRWA Ltd Independent Consultant Stove contractor(s) Stove builders Brick manufacturers Survey team In line with the PoA-DD, the data and parameters to be monitored are outlined below: Data / Parameter: Data unit: Description: Source of data to be used: Value of data applied for the purpose of calculating expected emission reductions in section B.5 Description of measurement methods and procedures to be applied: QA/QC procedures to be applied: Any comment: - Data / Parameter: Data unit: Description: Source of data to be used: N y Number Number of stoves in operation during year y Installation data in monitoring database 24,152 This has been calculated as the maximum number of households to keep the project within the 180 GWh th threshold. For full calculation see attached Ex Ante Spreadsheet. This figure will be applied to the Emission Reduction calculation, as it determines B y,savings The database will be continuously updated as stoves are installed. The number of stoves per vintage will be counted at the end each monitoring period. At installation, stoves will be classified by vintage to identify the year, post-cpa start date that operation commenced (v1, v2, v3 etc.) The unique reference number of each stove shall be logged in the monitoring database. The date of installation shall be utilized to determine vintage of the stove. Ty Number Operating time of stove during year y Installation data in monitoring database

22 CDM Executive Board page 22 Value of data applied for the purpose of calculating expected emission reductions in section B.5 Description of measurement methods and procedures to be applied: QA/QC procedures to be applied: Any comment: - 12 months For the calculations, it has been assumed that all stoves are operating for the full year. The actual operating time of the stoves will determine the emission reductions. The operating time will be calculated by counting the number of months from the installation date of the stove until the end of the year. The unique reference number of each stove shall be logged in the monitoring database. The date of installation shall be utilized to determine the portion of the verification period that the stove has been in operation. Where stoves are replaced/drop out of the CPA, this will register as missed operating time in the monitoring database for emissions calculation purposes Data / Parameter: ηnew,i Data unit: Fraction Description: Efficiency of each stove by vintage Source of data to be Biennial efficiency test used: Value of data applied 0.34 for the purpose of calculating expected emission reductions in section B.5 Description of measurement methods and procedures to be applied: service appliance. QA/QC procedures to be applied: Any comment: - This is the current efficiency of the stove, but the monitored figure will be applied to determine B y,savings During each verification period a representative sample of stoves will be tested for their thermal efficiency, as per the baseline test outlined in Annex 3. Those not operating at the specified efficiency will be replaced by an equivalent in Tests will be undertaken by experienced project staff under conditions mimicking as close as possible those of the baseline efficiency tests. U y Data / Parameter: Data unit: Percentage Description: Usage rate of appliances deployed in the project scenario Source of data to be Biennial usage surveys used: Value of data applied 100 for the purpose of calculating expected emission reductions in section B.5 Description of measurement methods and procedures to be applied: continued usage. QA/QC procedures to Fully trained project staff will carry out the surveys. be applied: Any comment: - It has been assumed that the usage rate is 100%. If this is found to be different during monitoring, the percentage will be used to adjust B old Field survey carried out by experienced project staff will determine if stoves are still in operation, and assess the extent, if any, that baseline stoves continue to be used. An adjustment factor can therefore be applied to B old to account for any

23 CDM Executive Board page 23 C.1. Please indicate the level at which environmental analysis as per requirements of the CDM modalities and procedures is undertaken. Justify the choice of level at which the environmental analysis is undertaken: Please tick if this information is provided at the PoA level. In this case sections C.2. and C.3. need not be completed in this form. Each CPA will distribute efficient cook stoves to rural households using conventional, three-stone stoves. The environmental impacts of the project do not significantly deviate across CPAs. Additionally, the impacts of each CPA will have effects outside of the CPA boundary. Therefore, it is justifiable to conduct the environmental analysis at the PoA level, as this method will include transboundary effects. C.2. Documentation on the analysis of the environmental impacts, including transboundary impacts: N/A as environmental analysis is undertaken at the PoA level. C.3. Please state whether an environmental impact assessment is required for a typical CPA, included in the programme of activities (PoA), in accordance with the host Party laws/regulations: N/A as environmental analysis is undertaken at the PoA level. SECTION D. Stakeholders comments D.1. Please indicate the level at which local stakeholder comments are invited. Justify the choice: Please tick if this information is provided at the PoA level. In this case sections D.2. to D.4. need not be completed in this form. Stakeholders in the project will have varied opinions across CPAs. The structure and members of communities where CPAs are implemented can vary significantly. Therefore, it is justifiable to conduct the local stakeholder consultation at the SSC-CPA level, in order to include the opinions and comments of those in the immediate project area, and tailor the meetings to the specific area that will be involved in the proposed CPA. D.2. Brief description how comments by local stakeholders have been invited and compiled: Stakeholder Consultation date: Friday 19 th August 2011 Local stakeholders were invited to participate in a consultation for the implementation of CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project. This comprised a meeting within the local community of the Rubavu District s designated geographical boundary. The consultation invited local community leaders and representatives, NGOs etc. 1. Invitations a. Public Invitation: a radio broadcast prior to the meeting.

24 CDM Executive Board page 24 b. Personal Invitation: an individual invitation made to stove beneficiaries, often delivered by hand depending on the situation. Individuals were identified through working with community leaders or representatives. c. Invitation: International NGOs with a presence in the area were invited by . A tracking list of invitations has been established for the stakeholder meeting to ensure that invitations are monitored and logged for responses. 2. Meeting Preparation The following was put in place prior to the actual meeting: a. Non-technical Summary: a simple description of the project that stakeholders will understand. b. Minute taker: an individual responsible for taking detailed notes of the meeting findings. c. Participation forms: participants must sign this form to confirm their attendance. d. Evaluation forms: to be completed by all stakeholders. A simple evaluation form asks each stakeholder to write down their feelings and concerns about the meeting and the CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project. e. Agenda for the meeting f. Translator 3. Meeting Conduct The meeting largely followed the agenda specified above in point 2.e., according to a common approach: a. Opening: introductions, goal of meeting, participation form b. Explanation of PoA: understanding CPA process, who is involved, project phases and timelines c. Questions & Answers: for clarification of key points d. Closure: complete evaluation forms and thanks D.3. Summary of the comments received: The vast majority of comments received from stakeholders after the meeting were positive, with people expressing that they liked the ability of the stove to reduce household expenditure, use less fuel, produce less smoke and work towards environmental conservation. The questions asked were mainly in relation to the stove technology and implementation; how the area and who receives stoves were chosen, how uptake will be encouraged, whether implementation will be followed by commercial activity. Below is an example of some of the comments made and the responses: Stakeholder Comment The stove seems to have been designed for town people, will it cater for the rural people s Response The project targets the rural communities and therefore the stoves are designed for and will be given to the rural people and not urban people. This stove may look small but its cooking

25 CDM Executive Board page 25 needs? How is co2balance going to ensure the usage of the carbon zero stove? What is special about this stove that should attract us to use it? When distribution is completed, will there be any follow up in terms of commercial productions? potential can not be compared to its size. This stove is designed with rural families in mind. Stakeholders were informed that personnel will be trained who will ensure that this stove is used and used in the correct way. These trained people will visit the local communities and the monitoring process will be a continuous process. Stakeholders were informed that this stove will help reduce carbon emissions and uses less fuel wood, hence reducing deforestation. No, there won t be any follow up in terms of commercial production. The kind of machinery required to produce the stove parts is industrial and would require a heavy investment which would translate into high costs that wouldn t make the initiative commercially viable for fuel wood users. D.4. Report on how due account was taken of any comments received: There were no major concerns raised during the stakeholder consultation process. It is therefore not considered necessary to change the project design, as incorporating any additional measure to limit or avoid negative environmental/social impacts is not required. As a whole the project is perceived to be positive in terms of the three categories of sustainability: environment, society and economy

26 CDM Executive Board page 26 Annex 1 CONTACT INFORMATION ON ENTITY/INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SMALL-SCALE CPA Organization: CZRWA Ltd Street/P.O.Box: 1 Discovery House. Cook Way. Bindon Road Building: Discovery House City: Taunton State/Region: Somerset Postfix/ZIP: TA2 6BJ Country: United Kingdom Telephone: - FAX: URL: Represented by: Ellie Kowalski Title: Carbon Project Developer Salutation: Miss Last Name: Kowalski Middle Name: Davina First Name: Eleanor Department: Carbon Projects Mobile: - Direct FAX: - Direct tel: +44 (0) Personal ellie.kowalski@co2balance.com Organization: CZRWA Ltd Street/P.O.Box: PO Box 91 (00606) Building: City: Nairobi State/Region: Postfix/ZIP: Country: Kenya Telephone: +44 (0) FAX: URL: Represented by: Ellie Kowalski Title: Carbon Project Developer Salutation: Miss Last Name: Kowalski Middle Name: Davina First Name: Eleanor Department: Carbon Projects Mobile: - Direct FAX: - Direct tel: +44 (0) Personal ellie.kowalski@co2balance.com

27 CDM Executive Board page 27 Annex 2 INFORMATION REGARDING PUBLIC FUNDING No public funding was provided for the CPA 1: Rubavu Improved Cook Stove Project

28 CDM Executive Board page 28 Annex 3 BASELINE INFORMATION co2balance Ltd. Baseline report: co2balance PoA CDM project in Rwanda

29 CDM Executive Board page 29 Contents 1 Overview and background 2 2 Methods and Approach Cluster division of Rwanda Qualitative survey (Kitchen Survey or KS) Quantitative measurements (Kitchen Performance Test) 5 3 Results Cluster 1. Gakenke 6 CPA 1: Rubavu Cluster 2. Kamonyi Cluster 3. Ngoma 20 Appendix 1

30 CDM Executive Board page 30 1 Overview and background Co2balance Ltd is developing a project that involves the free distribution of efficient wood stoves to households in Rwanda. In the absence of this project householders would cook primarily using traditional inefficient 3 stone fire. Co2balance is going to register this project as a CDM Programme of Activities (hereafter CDM PoA) project using the methodology AMS II.G: Energy efficiency measures in thermal applications of non renewable biomass version 03. Based on the General Guidelines for sampling and surveys for small scale CDM project activities published by the EB in their 50th meeting, a Sampling Plan report has been created to be followed in order to determine parameters values to be included in the PoA. KPMG has checked the consistency of the data sent by the co2balance, however, the data collection field and consolidation work has been performed by co2balance and no field visits have been done by KPMG. 2 Methods and Approach 2.1 Cluster division of Rwanda As it is explained in a previous report 1, the main objective of the sampling effort is to determine the average baseline fuel consumption per household per year during the crediting period with a 90/10 confident / precision. To achieve this goal, a survey of seasonal, regional, and socio- economic variations in domestic cooking patterns should be carried out. The information collected will be used to ascertain by which categories the potential improved stoves beneficiaries should be distinguished, and to use later for installation monitoring purposes. A previous desk study has been carried out in order to identify geographic, climate and socio- economic conditions between the different project areas to ascertain what factors can influence emissions reductions. Assessing the potential factors that may influence firewood consumption for cooking purposes nationwide, climate and land characteristics appear to be the most important. In Rwanda, there are three distinctive geographical regions, mainly distinguished by altitude, which also largely determines the precipitation and other climatic characteristics within these regions. The country has therefore been divided into three distinctive clusters based on climate and land conditions. These are described in table 2.1 Table 2.1 Cluster division of Rwanda Cluster Characteristics 1 High altitude, high and medium/high precipitation 2 Medium altitude, medium precipitation 3 Low altitude, low precipitation

31 CDM Executive Board page 31 1 See report Sampling Plan: PoA CDM Project in Rwanda Because a geographically dispersed population can be expensive to survey, a better use of resources can be achieved by treating several respondents within a local area as a cluster instead of simple random sampling. Each of the clusters defined in the desk research are being divided by districts and within each district co2balance has identified target villages. The target villages randomly chosen for sampling in each cluster are presented in table 2.2. Table 2.2. Randomly selected districts and villages by cluster Cluster Province District Sector Cells Cluster 1 North Province Gakenke Muyongwe Va Cluster 2 South Province Kamonyi Nyamiyaga Ngoma Cluster 3 East Province Ngoma Gashanda Munenge 2.2 Qualitative survey (Kitchen Survey or KS) A Kitchen Survey has been carried out in each cluster to identify representative households. The Kitchen Survey is a detailed questionnaire designed to indentify cooking habits and demographic and socio-economic characteristics, its purpose is to ascertain by which categories the potential beneficiaries of improved stoves should be distinguished. The KS involves observations and questionnaires and has been undertaken by a survey team visiting kitchens using traditional stoves. These results are used to develop a more precise understanding of how the adoption of the improved cookstove could affect fuel consumption and GHG emissions within each major cluster identified. As it is stated in Bailis 2007 report, if the target population is large, then the number of households covered by the initial survey can be cut-off at about 100. As the project is going to implement a large number of stoves in Rwanda, between Kitchen Surveys have been therefore administered in households within each cluster.

32 CDM Executive Board page 32 The KS were performed for each cluster in the time period indicated below: Table KS Sampling dates by cluster Cluster District Number of surveys Sampling period 1 Gakenke August Kamonyi August Ngoma of August 2011 CPA 1 Rubavu September Quantitative measurements (Kitchen Performance Test) A Kitchen Performance Test (KPT) was carried out in representative households in order to assess the daily consumption of fuel per household. Participants were visited during 3 days to measure the amount of fuel used on a normal day with the traditional stove, which was weighed using a spring balance. The survey was also administered daily to record information about the number of people cooked for. The KPT took place in the following periods: Table KPT Sampling dates by cluster Cluster District Sampling period 1 Gakenke 27/09/ /09/ Kamonyi 27/09/ /09/ Ngoma 26/09/ /09/2011 CPA 1 Rubavu 20/09/ /09/ Results 3.1 Cluster 1. Gakenke A statistical analysis of the 117 KS questionnaires has been performed in order to identify the main characteristics of the target population. The analysis shows that the main characteristics of the representative population are: Gender: Women Main source of income: Formal employment Type of household: Permanent households Types of fuel used for cooking: Firewood

33 CDM Executive Board page 33 Type of cooking: Domestic purposes The households main source of income is employment (96.6% of the population). The highest level of education for most of the target population is primary (74.4%) followed by no formal education (19.7%). A small portion of the population (4.3%) has achieved secondary education as seen in figure Figure 3.1.1: Kitchen Survey responses for the highest level of education in Cluster 1 Highest level of education 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% None Primary Seco n dary Tertiary Oth er The results of the main criteria selected to define the representative population are explained below: Gender and marital status Among the households surveyed, 96.6% of respondents are women, and 2.6% are men. The most common marital status is married (73.5%), followed by widowed (14.5%), as is shown in Figure 3.1.2: Figure 3.1.2: Marital status in Cluster 1 Marital Status 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Married Sin g le Wid owed Divo rced

34 Resp o ndents SMALL-SCALE CDM PROGRAMME ACTIVITY DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM CDM Executive Board page 34 Number of people living in the household To know the typical household size, a question on the number of people living in the household was asked. The average household size was 4.9 people with an average of 1.5 children under 10 years old per household. The number of people living in the household varied widely and is represented in Figure 3.1.3: Figure 3.1.3: KS responses for the number of people living in the HH in Cluster 1 No. of People in the household Number o f p eo p le Type of household A description of type of household has been requested in order to identify number of householders living in permanent, semi-permanent or temporary houses. The type of household is important to identify areas were the improved cookstove may not be used during the whole year. A semi-permanent household usually denotes that the people live in different places depending usually on the season. Living in a semi-permanent or in a temporary house could also be a sign of poverty as variability of incomes could lead to these changes. Co2balance must be aware of the type of household to prevent lower usage rates due to the mobility of the householders. Among the surveyed households, 98.3 % of respondents live permanently in the household. The remaining 1.7% did not answer the question. Cooking area The cooking area in this cluster does not change significantly between the dry season and the rainy season as most of the respondents cook in a separate kitchen in both seasons (84.6% of the population during the dry season, 85.5% during the wet season). The cooking area by season can be observed in figure Figure 3.1.4: Cooking place by season in Cluster 1 Cooking place Dry season Rainy season Inside house 7.7% 11.1% Outside house 5.1% 2.6% Separate kitchen 84.6% 85.5%

35 CDM Executive Board page 35 Cooking outside the house is a key issue to be aware of because a fixed stove is not a practical solution when it rains, however in some cases people are cooking in covered areas outdoors. Types of fuel used for cooking and usage in each season The target population uses firewood for cooking; 99.1% of respondents said they use firewood as a source of fuel. Stove usage does not change with seasons. The interviewees use the three stone fire an average of 2.2 times a day in all seasons. However, cooking time does vary between seasons. During the dry season respondents cook, on average, 2.6 hours per day and during the rainy seasons they cook 3.6 hours per day. This seasonal difference could be due to the higher humidity of the firewood during rainy seasons. However this question could lead to inconsistencies, as householders may not have the same idea of cooking time, depending if they consider, for example, time spent in boiling water for drinking as cooking time. Type of cooking The surveyed households cook on average 2.5 meals per day in both seasons. The average number of people cooked in one day for both seasons is 4.6. Additional uses for the stove besides cooking include boiling water for drinking, making tea, porridge, and juice, and heating the house. Also, 99.0% of the sampled households use their stove for domestic cooking only and 1.0% uses it also for commercial cooking. Firewood availability Most of the surveyed households (70.9%) collect their firewood, while 17.1% buy it and 7.7% both collect and buy it. Those who collect firewood in the sampled population do it by foot. The most common place to collect the firewood is the savannah (82.9%), and some (7.7%) collect it close to agricultural fields. The average distance walked to collect fuel is 2.8 km and 27.4% claim that they walk further than 5 years ago to collect firewood. In many cases householders remark that deforestation has been caused mainly because people now live where forests used to be. Also, and 30.8% claim that they can no longer find all the tree species they used to find and 45.3% claim that they even have skipped meals for lack of firewood. Additionally, 76.1% of interviewees agree there are less trees compared to five years ago. Those who buy the firewood (17.1%), state that the price of firewood is higher than in the past, therefore, the population asked agree to get a more efficient stove for their cooking. As they have got these many problems (price of firewood, lack of trees ) they give their own comments and they agree in several points: - They need fuel near their houses because sometimes they have to walk long distances. - As the 50% of household incomes are used for fuel, they need more efficient stoves that help them with their family economies. - Due to the difficulty of finding wood, they ask for other fuels: biogas and electricity. KPT Results A Kitchen Performance Test (KPT) was performed in 91 households by a field team during the September during rainy seasons.

36 CDM Executive Board page 36 The data collected was analyzed in order to identify outliers, one way to identify outliers is to produce a box plot of the data. Any points which are plotted individually on the box plot can be considered as an outlier. These points were removed from the database, leaving a sample of 90 households. Figure Box plot for the identification of outliers. As stated by co2balance, the KPT was conducted over three full days, requiring daily households visits for four days, firewood were weighed daily using a digital scale with 0.01 accuracy. The survey was also administered daily to record information about the number of people cooked for. According to the results obtained in the KPT, the average fuel consumption is 6.26 kg per household per day. The firewood consumption is used to determine emissions reductions. According to the AMS- II.G methodology version 3, the project participants shall make all reasonable efforts to achieve a 90/10 precision (90% confidence interval and 10% margin of error). The minimum sample size with a 90/10 precision is 46 households and the survey has been performed in 90 households. Given that the sample size meets the 90/10 precision criteria, the average fuel consumption mentioned above is used as the most conservative data. CPA 1: Rubavu A statistical analysis of the 150 KS questionnaires has been performed in order to identify the main characteristics of the target population. The analysis shows that the main characteristics of the representative population are: Cooking place: inside the household

37 CDM Executive Board page 37 Type of cooking: Domestic purposes Types of fuel used for cooking: Firewood The households main source of income is employment (67.3% of the population), as is shown in figure The highest level of education for most of the target population is primary (52.7%) followed by no formal education (36.7%). A small portion of the population (6.0%) has achieved secondary education as seen in figure Main sources of income 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Employment Farming Casual Labour Other Figure 3.1.7: Kitchen Survey responses for the highest level of education in CPA 1 Highest level of education 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% None Primary Seco n dary Tertiary Oth er The results of the main criteria selected to define the representative population are explained below: Gender and marital status Among the households surveyed, 68.7% of respondents are women, and 31.3% are men. The most common marital status is married (75.3%), followed by widowed (13.3%). Number of people living in the household

38 Respondents SMALL-SCALE CDM PROGRAMME ACTIVITY DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM CDM Executive Board page 38 To know the typical household size, a question on the number of people living in the household was asked. The average household size was 4.4 people with an average of 1.5 children under 10 years old per household. The number of people living in the household varied widely and is represented in Figure 3.1.8: Figure 3.1.8: KS responses for the number of people living in the HH in CPA 1 No. of people in household No. of people in household Type of household A description of type of household has been requested in order to identify number of householders living in permanent, semi-permanent or temporary houses. Among the surveyed households, 62.6 % of respondents live permanently or semi-permanently in the household and 53.3% live in temporary households. The remaining 4.0% did not answer the question. The high percentage of those appearing to live in temporary households was actually discovered to be a misinterpretation. While some members of the family leave the house during the week to earn money, the household is in fact permanent and fully functioning as a permanent home. Cooking area The cooking area in this cluster does not change at all between the dry season and the rainy seasons as most of the respondents cook inside the house (94.0% of the population) or in a separate kitchen (6.0%) in all seasons. The cooking area by season can be observed in figure Figure 3.1.9: Cooking place by season in CPA 1 Cooking place Dry season Long rains Short rains Ins ide hous e 94,0% 94,0% 94,0% Outs ide hous e 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Separate kitchen 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% Cooking outside the house is a key issue to be aware of because a fixed stove is not a practical solution when it rains, however in some cases people are cooking in covered areas outdoors. Types of fuel used for cooking and usage in each season All of respondents said they use firewood as a source of fuel. Stove usage does not change with seasons, they use the three stone fire an average of 1.9 times a day in all seasons. Consequently, cooking time does vary between seasons. During the dry season respondents cook, on average, 1.6 hours per day and during the rainy seasons (long and short rains) they

39 CDM Executive Board page 39 cook 2.0 hours per day. This seasonal difference could be due to the higher humidity of the firewood during rainy seasons. Although this question could lead to inconsistencies, as householders may not have the same idea of cooking time, depending if they consider, for example, time spent in boiling water for drinking as cooking time. Type of cooking The surveyed households cook on average 2.0 meals per day in dry and short rain seasons, and 1.9 meals per day in long rain season. The average number of people cooked in one day for the three seasons is 4.2. Additional uses for the stove besides cooking include boiling water for drinking, making tea, porridge, and preparing herbal medicines; they also use the stove in order to warm bathing water. Also, 100% of the sampled households use their stove for domestic cooking. Firewood availability Most of the surveyed households (71.3%) collect their firewood, while 14.7% buy it and 14.0% both collect and buy it. All of the sampled population collects firewood on foot and they commonly get it from the savannah (60.0%), and then close to agricultural fields (22.7%), followed by other sites (6.7%) and forests (1.3%). The average distance walked to collect fuel is 1.9 km and 14.7% claim that they walk further than 5 years ago to collect firewood. In many cases householders remark that deforestation has been caused mainly because people now live where forests used to be. Surprisingly, only 6.0% claim that they can no longer find all the tree species they used to find, however, more than half population interviewed (54.7%) think that there are less trees compared to 5 years ago. Those who buy firewood (14.7%), state that the price is twice what it used to be in the past; therefore, the population asked agree to get a more efficient stove for their cooking. As they have got these many problems (price of firewood, lack of trees ) they give their own comments and they agree in several points: - They need a project that helps them to reduce firewood consumption and smoke generation. - They sometimes skip meals because of lack of firewood. - They ask for new roads or better accesses to get to tree plantations. KPT Results A Kitchen Performance Test (KPT) was performed in 90 households by a field team during the September during rainy seasons. The data collected was analyzed in order to identify outliers, one way to identify outliers is to produce a box plot of the data. Any points which are plotted individually on the box plot can be considered as an outlier. These points were removed from the database, leaving a sample of 87 households.

40 CDM Executive Board page 40 Figure Box plot for the identification of outliers. As stated by co2balance, the KPT was conducted over three full days, requiring daily households visits for four days, firewood were weighed daily using a digital scale with 0.01 accuracy. The survey was also administered daily to record information about the number of people cooked for. According to the results obtained in the KPT, the average fuel consumption is 7.25kg per household per day. The firewood consumption is used to determine emissions reductions. According to the AMS- II.G methodology version 3, the project participants shall make all reasonable efforts to achieve a 90/10 precision (90% confidence interval and 10% margin of error). The minimum sample size with a 90/10 precision is 77 households and the survey has been performed in 87 households. Given that the sample size meets the 90/10 precision criteria, the average fuel consumption mentioned above is used as the most conservative data. 3.2 Cluster 2. Kamonyi A statistical analysis of the 120 KS questionnaires has been performed in order to identify the main characteristics of the target population. The analysis shows that the main characteristics of the representative population are: Main source of income: Formal employment