Afforestation/Reforestation Afforestation/Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism Projects in Uttar Pradesh State August

Transcription

1 Afforestation/Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism Projects in Uttar Pradesh State August 9, 2014 Suresh Chauhan TERI, New Delhi

2 Presentation outlines 1. Guidelines for preparing Project Design Document (PDD) Section A: General description of the proposed A/R CDM project activity Section B: Application of an approved baseline and monitoring methodology Section C: Duration and crediting period Section D: Environmental impacts of the proposed A/R CDM project activities Section E: Socio economic impact Section F: Stakeholder consultation Section G: Approval and authorization 2. Validation process Steps of validation process Who is DOE What DOE checks during validation

3 Section A: General description of project activity Provide existing or historical land-use scenario where applicable, including a list of the equipment and/or systems in operation at that time Provide baseline scenario (Status t of the project area before start t date of the project) Provide estimate of annual average and total GHG removals by sinks for the chosen crediting period Include a brief description of how the project activity contributes to the sustainable development (Social, environment, economic and technological well being) Note: The UNFCCC CDM website presents all methodologies linked to sectoral scopes. The CDM Methodology booklet also classifies methodologies by sectoral scope and type of project activities

4 Geographical boundaries Provide details of the physical/geographical g p location of the project activity, including information allowing the unique identification of each discrete patch of the project area (eg. WY , 2012 WY represents Wyndhamganj range, 220 represents Harnakachar JFMC, 01 represents one discrete patch and 2012 represents plantation year) Maps of each discrete patch showing at least the outer geographical boundaries of the project area Where relevant, provide additional background information and or data in Appendix 6

5 Environmental conditions Describe the present environmental conditions of the project area, including description of climate, hydrology, soils, and ecosystems of the project area Climate (i) Temperature (degree celsius): annual average temperature; t (ii) Precipitation (millimeter): annual average precipitation; (iii) Extreme events: Brief information on occurrence of catastrophic climatic events relating to wind, frost, and drought, if any Hydrology: Brief information on occurrence of (i) Water erosion (ii) Floods (iii) Water-logging (including information on catastrophic events if any) (iv) Presence of wetlands (if any)

6 Continued. Soil: Brief description of soils, including soil characteristics such as: (i) () Broad soil type (mineral or organic) (ii) Soil fertility (iii) Soil depth (iv) Soil erosion/contamination/salinity/acidity, desertification, if any (v) Soil use and management history (intensity/frequency of ploughing, type and level of inputs, etc.)

7 Continued. Ecosystem: Brief description of the ecosystem, including; (i) Type of the ecosystem (natural or artificial) (ii) Other relevant information, e.g. if artificial, i then agroecosystem, urban, etc., if natural, then terrestrial (upland, mountain, lowland), aquatic, etc. (iii) Existing and potential ti vegetation ti types, if available (iv) Presence of rare or endangered species and their habitat (v) Ecosystem resources (harvesting, fuel-wood collection, grazing, controlled burning, etc.) (vi) Whether the ecosystem is in degraded condition or not

8 Assessment of the eligibility of the land Demonstrate that each discrete patch of the project area is eligible for the project activity, in accordance with the selected methodology (ies) The eligible land should not be a forest from 31 st December 1989 till start date of the project Forest is defined as any area having 0.05 ha or more, with crown cover 15% or more and tree height of 2 m or above at maturity Demonstrate whether the project activity is reforestation or afforestation

9 Forest definition 9

10 Assessment of A/R CDM eligible area A/R CDM eligible area is identified using Remote Sensing and GIS Technology Spatial analysis is performed over satellite data of two different time series ie i.e. 31 st December 1989 and project start date

11 Specifications of satellite data used LANDSAT Thematic Mapper (TM) Data Time Period - For October or November 1989 Spatial Resolution 30 X 30 meter Number of Bands Seven Softwares Used Arc GIS (version 10) ERDAS Imagine (version 9.3) Quantum GIS (version 2.0) Google Earth Map Source GPS software

12 Delineation of CDM Eligible Area Methodology Adopted: Overlaying of JFMC boundary over satellite data Visual interpretation of satellite image Confirmation with the help of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Finally delineation i of area with >15 and <15% tree canopy cover within the JFMC Identification of common areas with <15% canopy cover in both time series data Ground truthing of the identified common areas and recording of GPS readings

13 Overlaying of JFMC boundary on satellite data JFMC Dewariduwar Khas Range Lalganj Division - Mirzapur

14 Overlaying of JFMC boundary on NDVI data JFMC Dewariduwar Khas Range Lalganj Division - Mirzapur

15 Identification of <15 % canopy cover area in 1989 >15 % Canopy Cover JFMC Dewariduwar Khas Range Lalganj Division - Mirzapur <15 % Canopy Cover

16 Identification of <15 % canopy cover area in 2009 >15 % Canopy Cover <15 % Canopy Cover JFMC Dewariduwar Khas Range Lalganj Division - Mirzapur

17 Eligible area for A/R CDM project CDM Eligible Common Area JFMC Dewariduwar Khas Range Lalganj Division - Mirzapur

18 Ground truthing of A/R CDM eligible area Global Positioning System (GPS) Technology and Google Earth Maps

19 Google Earth Map JFMC Dewariduwar Khas Range Lalganj Division - Mirzapur

20 A/R CDM project area Actual A/R CDM project area JFMC Dewariduwar Khas Range Lalganj Division - Mirzapur

21 Section B: Application of selected approved baseline and monitoring methodology Indicate the exact reference (number, title, version) of: Refer to the UNFCCC CDM website for the exact reference of an approved baseline and monitoring methodology(ies) and tool(s) Approved small scale A/R methodologies 1) AR-AMS0003: Afforestation and reforestation project activities implemented on wetlands --- Version 3.0 2) AR-AMS0007 AMS0007 Afforestation and reforestation project activities implemented on lands other than wetlands --- Version 3.0 Link:

22 Tools used in approved methodologies Calculation of the number of sample plots for baseline measurements within A/R CDM project area Combined tool to identify the baseline scenario and demonstrate additionality in A/R CDM project Estimation of carbon stocks and change in carbon stocks of trees and shrubs in A/R CDM project activities Estimation of carbon stocks and change in carbon stocks in dead wood and litter in A/R CDM project activities Demonstration of eligibility of lands for A/R CDM project activities Weblink: t/ th d i /SSCAR/ d?titl s_operator=or&scopes%3aint%3alist=14

23 Justification of using approved methodology Justify the choice of the selected methodology(ies) by showing that the project activity meets each applicability condition of the methodology(ies) Explain the documentation that has been used as a basis for justification and provide the references or include the documentation in Appendix Justify the appropriateness of choice of carbon pools and GHGs in the project activity for the purpose of calculating baseline net GHG removals by sinks and actual net GHG removals by sinks for the project activity

24 Demonstration of Baseline What would have occurred in the land in the absence of the project activity? What are the hypothetical situations? Historically (geologically) degraded land. High rates of erosion etc. Collection of fuel-wood and fodder is continuing No natural regeneration in these lands The baseline would establish the amount of emissions reductions that a project would earn

25 Demonstration of additionality Demonstrate that the project activity is additional in accordance with the selected methodology(ies), tool(s) and applicable provisions Where the procedure in the selected methodology(ies) and/or tool involves several steps, describe how each step is applied and transparently document the outcome of each step Indicate clearly the method selected to demonstrate additionality (e.g. investment analysis or barrier analysis) Present in a transparent manner, in the form or in a separate appendix, with all data used (variables, parameters, data sources, etc.), how the additionality of the project activity is demonstrated Note: Only assisted plantation possible in such degraded lands. Other lands where plantation have been undertaken through JICA fund is not as degraded, and hence feasible.

26 Data and parameters fixed ex ante Data / Parameter Unit Description Source of data Value(s) applied Choice of data or measurement methods and procedures Purpose of data Additional comment, if any

27 Data and parameters to be monitored Source of data: Indicate the source(s) of data that will be used for the project activity. Value(s) applied: The value applied is an estimate of the data/parameter that will be monitored during the crediting period, but is used for the purpose of calculating estimated GHG removals by sinks. Measurement methods and procedures: Where data or parameters are to be monitored, specify the measurement methods and procedures, standards to be applied, accuracy of the measurements, person/entity responsible for the measurements, and, in case of periodic measurements, the measurement intervals QA/QC procedures: Describe the Quality Assurance (QA)/Quality Control (QC) procedures to be applied

28 Data and parameters to be monitored (eg.) Data / Parameter Unit Description Source of data DBH Cm Diameter at breast height of tree Field measurements within the sample plots Value(s) () applied DBH value of trees within the sample plots Measurement methods and procedures Measured all tree species that are equal or more than 10cm girth within the sample plot. Girth of the tree is measured at 1.37 m height. Monitoring frequency QA/QC procedures Purpose of data At the start of the proposed SSC A/R project activity and every five years i.e. 2012, 2017, 2022, 2027 and Standard operating procedures are made to ensure the correct and validating data collection for each of the monitoring parameters. To calculate the stem volume of trees within the sample plot this is then used for estimating carbon sink. Additional comment -

29 Monitoring Plan Chart Sr. No. Data Variable Data Source Data Units Measured, Calculated or Estimated 1 Project areas Field surveys using GPS Latitude and Longitude Data Recording Frequency How will the data be archived Measured Every five year Electronic, paper and photos Comments GPS instruments will be used for field surveys with due training given to field staffs 3 Diameter of tree at Sample plots Metric unit Measured Every five year Electronic and Measure DBH for each breast height paper tree falls within the sample plot and applies to size limits 4 Measurement of height 5 Basic wood density IPCC default value Sample plots Metric unit Measured Every five year Electronic and paper Ton of dry biomass Estimated Every five year Electronic and per m 3 paper Measure height for each tree falls within the sample plot Any changes in the default values are to be recorded, referenced and then applied Any changes in the default values are to be recorded, referenced and then applied Any changes in the default values are to be recorded, referenced and then applied 6 Biomass expansion IPCC default Dimensionless Estimated Every five year Electronic and Any changes in the factor value paper 7 Root to shoot ratio IPCC default value Dimensionless Estimated Every five year Electronic and paper

30 Section C: Duration and crediting period State the start date of the project activity State the expected operational lifetime of the project activity in years and months State the type of crediting period chosen for the project activity (renewable or fixed) State the start date of the crediting period of the project activity State the length of the crediting period of the project activity in years and months

31 Section D: Environmental impacts Provide a summary of the analysis of the environmental impacts, including impacts on biodiversity and natural ecosystems, and impacts outside the project boundary of the project activity and references to all related documentation If an environmental impact assessment is required, provide conclusions and references to all related documentation

32 Section E: Socio-economic impacts Provide a summary of the analysis of the socio-economic impacts, including impacts outside the project boundary, of the project activity and references to all related documentation If a socio-economic impact assessment is required, provide conclusions and references to all related documentation ti

33 Section F: Local stakeholder consultation Describe the process by which comments from local stakeholders were invited for the project activity Identify stakeholders that have made comments and provide a summary of these comments Provide information demonstrating that all comments received have been considered

34 Section G: Approval and authorization Indicate whether the letter(s) of approval from each Party to be involved in the project activity is available at the time of submitting the PDD to the validating DOE. If so, provide the letter(s) of approval along with the PDD.

35 Validation Process

36 Overview What is Validation and who is a DOE? Validation process overview During Validation what is a DOE checks?

37 What is Validation Validation is an Independent review of the project design (baseline, additionality and monitoring plan) against the CDM requirements and eligibility conditions

38 Who is DOE Designated Operational Entity (DOE) is an organization accredited and designated by the CDM Executive Board (CDM EB) for validation The DOE has two key functions: Validates and subsequently requests registration of a proposed CDM project activity and Verifies emission reduction of a registered CDM project activity, certifies and requests the Board to issue Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) accordingly

39 Steps of Validation Process Project Participant CDM EB DOE DOE +PP Develop Project Documentation Validator Selection Validation Contract Establishment Validation Team Selection EB Approval of Methodologies Public Stakeholder Comment Process (30 days) Baseline & Monitoring Methodology Check Document Review Background Investigations Follow-up Interviews Draft Validation Report Resolution of Corrective Action Requests Final Validation Report and Opinion EB Registration of project Role by color codes

40 In Validation DOE checks Justification of choice of methodology Eligibility of Land Establishment of baseline Demonstration of additionality Monitoring Plan Accounting for leakage, project emissions Ex-ante Emission Reduction calculations CDM criteria of sustainable development Social and environmental accountability Other requirements

41 Calculations Are the assumptions properly referenced? How authentic are the referenced information? Are the yield charts from same region? Or from a location with similar conditions? Why were local yield tables unavailable? Are the IPCC default values correctly chosen? Have they been applied correctly? Are the equations from the methodology correctly applied? Are the excel sheets transparent?

42 Sustainable Development Involvement of the local stakeholders Proof that there are no changes to the ecological system that would adversely affect any endangered species in the locality i.e. impacts on biodiversity and natural ecosystems Economic development indicators, if any

43 Other Requirements Project boundary and land eligibility (satellite imageries, GPS locations and maps etc) Selection of carbon pools Developed and implemented by low-income communities and individuals id Not a de-bundled component of a large scale project activity Land details including the ownership Plantation ti details Prior consideration form submitted to UNFCCC Prior notification communication with the JFMC president for stakeholder meeting etc Stakeholder meeting records (Photos, videos etc.) Involvement of local people and forest department Local yield tables/values as much as possible Start date of the project

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