Overview. Traceability and Food Quality. Good Agricultural Practices, Product

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Overview. Traceability and Food Quality. Good Agricultural Practices, Product"

Adam Pitts
5 years ago
Views:

CLUB of BOLOGNA 25 th Annual Meeting of the Club of Bologna November 15-16, Bologna EIMA International Good Agricultural Practices, Product REPORT TITLE Traceability and Food Quality Prof. Dr. Ir.

1 CLUB of BOLOGNA 25 th Annual Meeting of the Club of Bologna November 15-16, Bologna EIMA International Good Agricultural Practices, Product REPORT TITLE Traceability and Food Quality Prof. Dr. Ir. Josse De Baerdemaeker Prof. Dr. Ir. Wouter Saeys, Dr. Ir. Maarten Hertog, Dr. Ir. Bart De Ketelaere KU Leuven Author Overview GAP and precision agriculture concepts Data handling Quality control and evolution in the chain Traceability

Meeting November 3 15-16, 16, GLOBALG.A.P.

2 Major concerns: Efficient use of resources Consumer s concern about the properties of food Food safety is an important issue Transparency of production practices Global resourcing of food Reduce wastes Sustainability to feed a growing population 25 th Annual Meeting November , 16, GLOBALG.A.P. MISSION Globally connect farmers and brand owners in the production and marketing of safe food to provide assurance for consumers. the protection of scarce resources by the implementation of Good Agricultural Practices for a sustainable future. 4

protection products Environmental/ resource impacts Post-harvest handling Worker health and safety Animal

Biodiversity) 50 GLOBALG.A.P Secretariat Page 5 CROPS BASE CB.1 TRACEABILITY CB.2 PROPAGATION MATERIAL CB.

3 THE GLOBALG.A.P STANDARDS Holistic Approach to Farm Assurance Risk of microbiological contamination Plant protection products Environmental/ resource impacts Post-harvest handling Worker health and safety Animal welfare number of Control Points: 234 Traceability 46 Workers Welfare 21 Food Safety 117 Environment (inc. Biodiversity) 50 GLOBALG.A.P Secretariat Page 5 CROPS BASE CB.1 TRACEABILITY CB.2 PROPAGATION MATERIAL CB.3 SITE HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT CB.4 SOIL MANAGEMENT CB.5 FERTILISER USE CB.6 IRRIGATION/FERTIGATION CB.7 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT CB.8 PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS CB.9 EQUIPMENT GLOBALG.A.P Secretariat Page 6

CB. 3 SITE HISTORY AND SITE MANAGEMENT Crop rotation for annual crops where feasible Records of

Secretariat Page 7 Yield map straw (t/ha) 324400 324350 324300 324250 324200 324150 7 6 5 4 3 2 324100

November 15-16, 8 16, North ( ) PREVIOUS CULT.

4 CB. 3 SITE HISTORY AND SITE MANAGEMENT Crop rotation for annual crops where feasible Records of seed/planting rate, sowing/planting date GLOBALG.A.P. Secretariat Page 7 Yield map straw (t/ha) East ( ) 25 th Annual Meeting November 15-16, 8 16, North ( ) PREVIOUS CULT. mais silage CAUSES herbicide residuals damage ( wild animals) Soil compaction cichory roots shadow of trees late sowing lower N-content, more exhausted by cichory water erosion high N-residuals after potato cichory potato

5 CB.4 SOIL MANAGEMENT Soil map prepared for farm Techniques are used to improve/maintain soil structure, avoiding soil compaction GLOBALG.A.P. Secretariat Page 9 Robots for soil preservation? Qin Zhang Washington State University, USA Simon Blackmore simon@unibots.com

CB.4 SOIL MANAGEMENT Reduction of soil erosion (

1 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENT Application of all

crop and soil condition Recommendations for

6 CB.4 SOIL MANAGEMENT Reduction of soil erosion ( by appropriate cultivation techniques) GLOBALG.A.P. Secretariat Page 11 CB. 5 FERTILISER USE CB. 5.1 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENT Application of all fertilisers according to the specific needs of the crop and soil condition Recommendations for application of fertilizers (organic or inorganic) given by competent, qualified persons? GLOBALG.A.P. Secretariat Page 12

Development of a sensor-based fertiliser (P) applicator Optical Soil sensor to gather the soil P information

Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer Direction of travel Detection fibre optical fibres Subsoiler Lens holder

7 Development of a sensor-based fertiliser (P) applicator Optical Soil sensor to gather the soil P information P model to predict soil P from fresh soil; Implementation on field machinery Phosphorus model P2O5 model Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer Direction of travel Detection fibre optical fibres Subsoiler Lens holder 45 CB. 5 FERTILISER USE CB. 5.3 RECORDS OF APPLICATION All applications are recorded Flow rate and GPS with datalink to farm office? Crop name and/or variety Records of fertiliser applications Application Fertiliser Method of application Location Date Trade Type Concentration Quantity Name Operator GLOBALG.A.P. Secretariat Page 14

Measuring crop nitrogen status From Yara Hand

8 Measuring crop nitrogen status From Yara Hand held sensor for sampling N status Tractor mounted device for covering whole field. Can be linked to on-line application of variable nitrogen dose 25 th Annual Meeting November , 16, CB CB 6. IRRIGATION/FERTIGATION The producer can justify the methods of irrigation used in light of water conservation. (Major) CB Annex 2 Responsible Water Use

2 PREVENTION show evidence of production

MONITORING Observe extent of pests and their

9 CB. 7 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT CB. 7.2 PREVENTION show evidence of production practices that reduce the incidence and intensity of pest attacks GLOBALG.A.P Secretariat Page 17 CB. 7 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT CB. 7.3 OBSERVATION AND MONITORING Observe extent of pests and their natural enemies to plan pest management techniques GLOBALG.A.P Secretariat Page 18

10 Disease detection in cereals Spectrography Thermal imaging Fluorescence imaging and kinetics 25 th Annual Meeting November , 16, CB. 7 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT CB. 7.4 INTERVENTION Non-chemical approaches must be considered Specific pest control just in case of pest attacks affect the economic value of a crop GLOBALG.A.P Secretariat Page 20

11 CB. 8 PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS CB. 7.5 AVOID PEST RESISTANCE DEVELOPMENT Records of plant protection product applications Crop name and/or variety Application Product Operator Justification for Quantity application Location Date Trade Name Active Ingredient Technical authorization for application Machinery Pre- Harvest Days GLOBALG.A.P. Secretariat Page 21 CB. 8 PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS CB. 8.3 PRE-HARVEST INTERVAL Pre-harvest interval observation required as stated in product approval. Avoid exceeding MRL (maximum residue levels - country specific) Pre-harvest Interval Combinable crops Potatos 14 Days Vegetables Onion, Bean, Radish 14 Days Endive, Lettuce, Leek 21 Days Seedling (Green House) N/A Ornamentals N/A GLOBALG.A.P. Secretariat Page 22

12 CB. 9 EQUIPMENT Kept in good condition, Verified annually GLOBALG.A.P. Secretariat Page 23 Need for appropriate equipment for precision crop protection: example avoid unwanted spray boom vibrations Jolting Yawing Rolling 25 th Annual Meeting November , 16,

13 GAP and precision agriculture Say what you do Do what you say.. Say why Profit? or License to operate? Statistical Process Control Upper tolerance limit Upper warning limit 10 5 Lower warning T limit Sample number Lower tolerance limit Temperature

Tactical variability management basis The development of data capture tools for use in orchards/fields that will enable real time measurement of (surrogate) indicators of crop condition or fruit

14 Tactical variability management basis The development of data capture tools for use in orchards/fields that will enable real time measurement of (surrogate) indicators of crop condition or fruit quality. Tools should distinguish between optimal condition or quality (for storage or for speedy consumption). Combine on-the-go data capture with previous or stored information: multivariate data analysis Real time decision support for immediate or later action Precision (Bio-) Process MeBioS Chocolate eggs

15 Precision (Bio-) Process MeBioS Specific focus on processes that Are non stationary Hard to model Multivariate typical for biological processes adaptations needed 25 th Annual Meeting November 15-16, 16 Precision (Bio-) Process MeBioS Simple example: daily milk yield Global limits cow A individual cow limits cow B Large INTER subject variability detect (often small) abnormal INTRA individual variability

16 Laying Hen health monitoring IB Infection Red Mite Infestation Poor Plumage End of lay 25 th Annual Meeting November 15-16, 16, Monitoring milk production IMU = individual cow Yield (kg) Control chart Daily Milk Yield Days In Milk Cusum Milk Yield Calculated reference Cplus/Cmin Control Limits Alarm

17 On-the-go crop condition monitoring The management unit is now a location in a field Observations on all locations in a field are now available during a single operation Spatial variability Crop observations repeated at different times Temporal variability Field management as a spatio-temporal statistical process control challenge Monitor temporal crop behavior on the basis of measurements (biomass, groundcover, quality, ) Deviation from expected development over a long period. Reasons? Intervention?

Fruit trees as individual management units Traceability in Fresh Produce Supply Chains Production Tree/vine/area/ block/orchard Bin Retail pack/ purchase Consumer Pack/ Grading Individual fruit

18 Fruit trees as individual management units Traceability in Fresh Produce Supply Chains Production Tree/vine/area/ block/orchard Bin Retail pack/ purchase Consumer Pack/ Grading Individual fruit Package/tray/carton/bin Pallet Retail Shipping container/ Importer Storage vessel/truck Exporter Sea/Air Freight Main TRU Transformers Where is it? Where did it come from? How cold is it/was it? Is there a food safety problem with it? Frank Bollen, Lincoln Ventures Ltd, Hamilton, New Zealand

19 Perishable food products???? Product Quality Environmental influences Product Consumer Intrinsice product properties Quality assignments Product acceptability Quality limit Social and psychological influences

20 Quality change model Preharvest Postharvest time Fruit-to-fruit variance Hue Variance in at-harvest colour Variance in end colour time (days) harve st Hue

21 Chain evaluation Traceability Identifying causes Data interpretation Chain innovation Product characteristics + Chain conditions Information required???? Statistical Keeping Quality Quality Conditions OK! 6 days remaining Current Quality

22 Added Intelligence Statistical Proces Control Warnings Added Intelligence Statistical Proces Control Warnings Predicting Keeping Quality # days shelf life

Added Intelligence Statistical Proces Control Warnings Predicting Keeping Quality #

Conclusions on quality control Statistical control models Proven concept Parameters

data into single Q-number Generic Quality attribute models Good discrimination

Batch-batch variation No absolute predictions Screening logistic chain against

23 Added Intelligence Statistical Proces Control Warnings Predicting Keeping Quality # days shelf life Predicting Quality ttributes Specific product attributes Conclusions on quality control Statistical control models Proven concept Parameters industry/product dependent Keeping quality model Accurate integration of sensor data into single Q-number Generic Quality attribute models Good discrimination between scenarios Realistic time-lapse of quality attributes Product specific Batch-batch variation No absolute predictions Screening logistic chain against ideal chain modelled measured

24 Precision agriculture and G.A.P. Automatic registration and monitoring of all crop conditions and their change Automatic registration and monitoring of all crop treatments Tracking and tracing of products and information: from the field to the retailer to the consumer Precision agriculture technology can be successful in the framework of G.A.P. G.A.P. certified farmers have better opportunities. license to operate : what and why you did it G.A.P= Good Agricultural Practices 25 th Annual Meeting November , 16, Precision Agriculture, Food Security Agriculture needs to produce more food (double by 2020?) because the world s population is growing It also needs to produce better food that s more nutritious. And it needs to find ways to make the process of growing food more efficient and aligned with our environmental needs, So farmers use less water and land, and better utilize things like fertilizer, herbicides and pesticides.

25 Precision Agriculture, Food Security Agriculture needs to produce more food (double by 2020?) because the world s population is growing It also needs to produce better food that s more nutritious. And it needs to find ways to make the process of growing food more efficient and aligned with our environmental needs, So farmers use less water and land, and better utilize things like fertilizer, herbicides and pesticides. It is also important that society finds better ways to reduce food waste and losses

Precision agriculture and the future of farming

Precision agriculture and the future of farming Technology, Environment, Training Josse De Baerdemaeker Department of Biosystems KU Leuven Distribution of EU farm holdings by size 2 EU farmers/ farm managers