WebPIPA - Web Based Paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessment - An Online Irrigation Water Supply System for Takris

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1 3 rd World Conference on Applied Sciences, Engineering & Technology September 2014, Kathmandu, Nepal WebPIPA - Web Based Paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessment - An Online Irrigation Water Supply System for Takris DEEPAK T. J. 1, MSM AMIN 2, RASHID SHARIFF 2, ROWSHON M. K. 2 1 FOSTEM, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia 2 Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia tjdeepak@gmail.com Abstract: Irrigation water management has significant economic implications in developing countries like Malaysia. In many countries, the Internet has become an element in people s daily life, offering new possibilities for information access and sharing. In this new technological and information age, water is becoming a source of conflict between domestic, industrial and agricultural use. WebPIPA is a platform allowing for a public participation in solving disputes and resolving decision making processes in conflicting situations, especially in cases involving many stakeholders. A 3 tier architecture framework was carefully studied and was implemented to create the WebPIPA model. WebPIPA is an Internet Based Model that is created to benefit the users in the water management sectors in order to make timely decisions on irrigation water supply. Government and private agencies, researchers, station users, farmers, investors and buyers related to this study area will be able to access the database through the internet. By strengthening the involvement of government departments, the database can be very effectively used by all stakeholders at the same time narrowing the gap between the urban and rural communities in the development of country. Keywords: DSS, Internet, Rice Granary, WebPIPA. Introduction: Irrigated agriculture is by far the largest consumptive user of water in many developing countries like Malaysia. Irrigation water management thus has enormous economic implications for these countries. While the structural infrastructure for irrigation comprising of reservoirs, canal networks, drainage works, and delivery systems is created at a huge financial investment, a commensurate effort is also essential on developing scientific water management policies. Developments in systems science, operations research, and mathematical modeling for decision making under uncertainty have been usefully exploited for water resource management in many technologically advanced countries. In many countries, the Internet has become an element in people s daily life, offering new possibilities for information access and sharing. At the same time there are growing concerns that not only technical specialists and government officials should be involved in decision making associated with utilization of natural resources. Many groups within the society express the willingness and desire that they also want to be actively involved in decision making. This creates challenges to the researchers and forms a new situation confronting those actively involved in development of models and tools applied for decision making. WebPIPA is a decision support system created to enhance the users to be involved in data input as well as decision making process. The recent advancement in the field of Internet has opened up new challenges as well as opportunities in the way we have been developing models and decision support aids. It is not only the medium of information access and communication but also a flourishing platform to Develop new generation of applications. With the emergence of revolutionary technology of web, now it has become possible to develop information systems distributed across different locations and heterogeneous platform. This holds great promise for application in the food and agricultural systems which is highly diversified. In this technological and information age, water is becoming a source of conflict between domestic, industrial and agricultural use. In Malaysia, irrigation has been exclusively devoted to the cultivation of rice paddy. The total land area planted with rice is about 600,545 ha of which 340,618 ha are supported by irrigation systems. The remaining area depends mainly on rainfall [1]. Irrigation water management is becoming a challenging issue. More importance has been given towards the improvement and effective management of water for the irrigation. Water is important for rice irrigation and it is scarcely available in some of the areas. Hence management of water becomes very important to cultivate rice. A good irrigation water management system has to be provided to give adequate and timely supply of water to improve the crop production [2]. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to have adequate water source, a good conveyance system and good distribution system to distribute the water over the land. The agricultural scientific community has been developing models, databases, expert systems, decision support systems and software. The WebPIPA is an example of DSS created to provide an effective conduit for the transfer WCSET BASHA RESEARCH CENTRE. All rights reserved.

2 DEEPAK T. J., MSM AMIN, RASHID SHARIFF, ROWSHON M. K. of scientific knowledge from research labs to the endusers to support them in decision making. Study Area The selected study area is the TAKRIS (Tanjung Karang Rice Irrigation Scheme). The project area is located on a flat coastal plain in the Northwest Selangor Agricultural Development Project (PBLS). It is in the districts of Kuala Selangor and Sabak Bernam, which cover an area of approximately 20,000 hectares extending over a length of 40 km along the coast with a average width of 5 km. The main irrigation and drainage canals run parallel with the coast. The Bernam River is the main water source for the project area. Water for the Tanjung Karang scheme is diverted from the Bernam River Head works (BRH), and the Bagan Terap Pump house, situated about 130 km and 62 km respectively upstream of the mouth of the Bernam River. The project area is divided into eight irrigation compartments and is as shown in the Fig.1 below. Methodology Step By Step Procedure for Iws Module This is one of the modules that are created in WebPIPA module to determine the Water Required, Standing Water Depth, Net Irrigation and Total Water Use for stage-1 and stage-2 for a particular lot in the block. Fig.3 shows the step by step procedure for Analysis of Irrigation Water Supply Webpage Module. Figure 1: TAKRIS Tanjung Karang irrigation scheme In the upstream six irrigation compartments from Sawah Sempadan to Sungai Nipah, tertiary canals directly connect to the main canal. About 50 farm lots are grouped in one sub- block. Out of the 19,247 ha. paddy fields comprise of 17,510 ha. The remaining area of about 1,737 ha. comprise vegetable growing760 ha, for tree cropping 460 ha, and idle land of 510 ha. The annual yield of paddy is about 166,700 metric tons a year. The schematic diagram of the study area is given below; Earlier study [3] have acquired field data with respect to compartments and have calculated the irrigation parameters, where as this study has emphasized data with respect to blocks and calculate the irrigation parameters. For more precise management, tertiary canals and CHO discharges should be considered with respect to block for calculating the irrigation parameters to properly manage the irrigation scheme. This study mainly emphasized on the application of Internet to acquire more data for a better decision support system. Figure 2: schematic diagram showing the study area with compartment details Beginning stage is to determine the data that has to be stored in database for future use and once it is confirmed, the data has to be collected which is required for this particular web page design. After data collection, user interface is to be designed according to the requirement; normally a user friendly environment is designed. In this study interactive WebPages are created for user interface to login using User ID and Password. After login, the data is fed in the correct place and results are obtained. Once the results are obtained, check them for accuracy. If the results are accurate click on the save button and save the data fields in the WebPIPA SQL database. The data stored in the WebPIPA SQL database can be checked, viewed and edited if required in the station user mode (suser). The data can be only viewed in station user1 mode (suser1) and in administrator mode

3 WebPIPA - Web Based Paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessment - An Online Irrigation Water Supply System for Takris (admin) for this module. Administrator has the authority to delete or add more data files through the WebPIPA program. technical capabilities to connect to the Internet. This makes WebPIPA particularly suitable for providing and disseminating information relevant to decision making processes concerning management of Figure 3: step by step procedure for analysis of irrigation water supply webpage module Irrigation Water Supply Mathematical Model The Irrigation Water Supply model is created to determine the Total Water Use for stage-1 and stage-2 in the same webpage. In addition to this overall Total Water Use is determined in this model. Fig.4 shows the input parameters and output parameters clearly for both stage-1 and stage-2. The final output will be the addition of Total Water Use -1 (Stage-1) and Total Water Use 2(Stage-2). WEBPIPA - Online Irrigation Water Supply Management for Takris WebBased Paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessment WebPIPA is an innovative, user friendly and efficient management tool for run-of-river rice irrigation system. WebPIPA is developed using.net framework and ASP.Net Programming Languages of Microsoft. Net 2003 environment. This is Web based program that makes users to login through user id and password. There are three different users and they are allocated with different user ids and passwords. Admin users have all the facilities compared to the other two users (Station User and Station User1). A 3 - tier architecture framework has been adopted for better usage of WebPIPA. WebPIPA has the ability to provide almost unlimited access to information to everybody, who has the Figure 4 irrigation water supply model Figure 5: web based paddy irrigation productivity assessment (WebPIPA) model

4 DEEPAK T. J., MSM AMIN, RASHID SHARIFF, ROWSHON M. K. Irrigation water resources. Specifically, WebPIPA may be seen as a platform allowing for a public participation in resolving decision making processes in conflicting situations, especially in a case involving many stakeholders and international context. In such situations access to neutral and unbiased source of information about consequences of possible policy and/or management strategies may contribute to constructive dialogue between parties involved and consequently help to overcome differences of positions dividing the parties and reach (if not an agreement), then at least reasonable compromise. This WebPIPA is an Internet Based Model that is created to benefit the users in water management sectors in order to make timely decisions to prevent water losses and increase yield. All government and private agencies, researchers, station users, farmers, investors and buyers related to this study area will be able to access the database through the internet.. Results: The results derived from the program are precise and it would be a major boost for the decision makers to make precise decisions on issues concerned to the Irrigation Water Supply. Fig.6, is the WebPIPA homepage which is created using ASP.Net. This introductory page has an option go through the site. Once clicked on this option another webpage prompting the user name ID and password to enter the WebPIPA database will appear. Fig.7, illustrates WebPIPA sign-in page. This page has the username and password option which needs to be keyed in for further access. The access system is framed with three types of users. All these three types of users will receive different usernames and passwords from the administrator. With the username and password the users can login to the WebPIPA database Figure 6: WebPIPA homepage Figure 7: WebPIPA sign-in page

5 WebPIPA - Web Based Paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessment - An Online Irrigation Water Supply System for Takris Fig.8, illustrates the results of irrigation water supply webpage outline for the admin users and also for the suser1users. The results shown here can only be viewed. The administrators will not be able to edit this webpage. The irrigation water supply data has been grouped into two stages. The total water use for each stage and the cumulative total water use are calculated using the model created. Fig.9, illustrates the results of irrigation water supply webpage outline for the suser. The data shown here can be viewed, edited and saved. If there are any errors in data entry the suser can edit the data and obtain the accurate result. The irrigation water Figure 8: results of irrigation water supply webpage supply data has been grouped into two stages. The total water use for each stage and the cumulative total water use are calculated using the model created. Figure 9: results of irrigation water supply webpage

6 DEEPAK T. J., MSM AMIN, RASHID SHARIFF, ROWSHON M. K. Conclusion This conclusion is especially relevant in the case of irrigation water supply management in developing countries, where the institutional mechanisms of filling the digital gap between the urban and rural are poor. By strengthening the involvement of government departments and private agencies, the database can be very effectively used by all stakeholders at the same time narrowing the digital gap between the urban and rural communities in the development of country. Decision support systems (e.g., [4][5][6][7]) that integrate mathematical models in a user friendly, knowledge-based, and objectoriented computer software serve this very important purpose of technology transfer to provide implementable decisions. In most developing countries, the gap between theory and practice in irrigation water management is very wide, and most of the systems studies remain restricted to the academic arena Mathematical models developed for aiding irrigation decisions, therefore, must be oriented towards addressing such issues in addition to the scientific ones for better acceptability. Inclusion of various stakeholders interests must be ensured in the models. This may be ideally accomplished by involving the stakeholders in all phases of model development and testing. Crisp idealization of various aspects related to crop yield response, operational objectives and long term goals of irrigation development need to be relaxed, and instead of providing single valued optimal decisions, the models should be capable of providing a band of acceptable, near optimal solutions. WebPIPA can be used effectively as a platform to develop an internet-based irrigation water resource management. This could possibly improve the livelihood opportunities, water management, and agricultural productivity of the nation. In this study we emphasized the use of the internet because of the need for transparency between the respective government departments and various water users as a contribution towards an integrated water resource management of the river basin. References [1] APO, Asian Productivity Organization. Management of Irrigation Facilities, 1991, 227. [2] T.J. Deepak, MSM Amin, Rashid Shariff and Rahman Ramli, Web Based Participatory Irrigation Management WebPIM, To DetermineTotal Water Use for Rice Irrigation International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, 5(6), 2005, [3] SMHB, Syed, Detailed Study of Water Resources Availability Northwest Selangor Integrated Agriculture Development Project, Final Report, 1, [4] S.P. Simonovic, and D.A. Savic, Intelligent Decision Support and Reservoir Management and Operations, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 3(4), 1989, [5] S.P. Simonovic, Reservoir Systems Analysis: Closing Gap between Theory and Practice, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 118(3), 1992, [6] S.P. Simonovic, Tools for Water Management: One View of the Future, Water International, 25(1), 2000, ] S.P. Simonovic, Nonstructural Measures for Sustainable Management of Floods, Water International, 27(1), 2002.