Louisiana. Suggested Chemical. Weed Management. Guide

Transcription

1 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide

2 LOUISIANA SUGGESTED CHEMICAL WEED MANAGEMENT GUIDE 2018 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...2 WEED RESISTANCE AND HERBICIDE MODE OF ACTION...4 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION...9 CORN...17 COTTON...25 GRAIN SORGHUM...34 RICE...37 SOYBEANS...49 SMALL GRAINS (Wheat, Barley, Oats, Rye)...60 SUGARCANE...66 PEANUTS...94 HOME GARDENS...97 LAWN and TURF Turfgrass tolerance to selected herbicides...99 General home lawn weed control FRUIT CROPS Strawberry Blackberry (Erect & Trailing Blackberry/Dewberry) Blueberry Citrus Grape (Muscadine and Bunch) Mayhaw Peach Pecan COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPE VEGETABLE CROPS Artichoke Asparagus Snap and Lima Beans Beets Cole Crops (Cabbage, Cauliflower, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts) Carrots Sweet Corn Cucurbits (Cucumber, Squash, Watermelon, Pumpkin, Cantaloupe) Eggplant Greens (Collard, Mustard, Turnip) Garlic Leafy Vegetables (Lettuce, Endive, Escarole, Radicchio) Irish Potato Okra Onion Peppers Shallot (Dry Bulbs) Southern Pea Spinach Sweet Potato Tomatoes PASTURE and FORAGES NONCROPLAND (Perennial, Annual Grass Weeds and Vines) WOODY PLANTS and FORESTRY AQUATICS (Lakes and Ponds) RECROP INTERVALS FOR VARIOUS HERBICIDES CALIBRATION PROCEDURES CONVERSION FACTORS NOZZLE TYPES and DRIFT REDUCTION GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES Appendix A: Glyphosate products and formulations Should the registration of a herbicide or certain uses of a herbicide be canceled by federal or state agencies, suggestions thus affected herein are no longer applicable. Use of products in this guide does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the products named and does not signify that these products are approved to the exclusion of comparable products. 1 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

3 INTRODUCTION Herbicide rates are for broadcast application unless specified differently in the table heading for each crop. Conversion tables are provided to aid in converting large volumes, such as quarts and gallons, to ounces, tablespoons and teaspoons. Rates of soil-applied herbicides vary according to soil type because soils can affect herbicide activity. The lower rate is for sandy loams (light), intermediate rate for silt loams (medium) and the higher rate for clay loam and clay (heavy) soils. In some instances the same rate may be suggested for both medium and heavy soils. Herbicides should be applied in enough water to assure distribution over the area treated. That amount may vary from 5 to 40 gallons per acre on a broadcast basis. Wettable powder formulations require at least 50 mesh screens throughout the spray system and nozzle tips with a capacity of 0.2 GPM or larger. Considerable agitation is necessary to keep wettable powders in suspension. Hardened stainless steel and nylon nozzles are more resistant to wear from the application of wettable powders than brass nozzles. Tanks made of aluminum, fiberglass or other corrosion-resistant materials will reduce the amount of nozzle clogging. Some herbicides may not be used in unlined steel tanks. Be sure that the water used as the spray solution is free from trash and other foreign material, particularly mud or soil particles. Correct calibration is of utmost importance. Excess rates may cause injury to the applied crop, injury from excess residue to succeeding crops and increased herbicide costs. Less than recommended rates can result in unsatisfactory weed control. Read the label and know that you are applying only the recommended amount. Every herbicide has a rain-free (rain-fastness) time requirement to achieve proper efficacy. Herbicide labels should be consulted prior to application to determine the rain-free time requirement. RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDES Some of the pesticides or certain uses of pesticides in this publication may be classified for restricted use. Those pesticides with restricted use labels will contain information regarding these restrictions. Be sure to read all labels thoroughly. It is illegal to use any pesticide in a manner that is inconsistent with the label directions. It is unlawful for a noncertified applicator to use a pesticide that has been classified with restricted uses. Information on pesticide applicator certification programs may be obtained from the LSU AgCenter. If herbicides are handled or applied improperly or if unused portions are not disposed of safely, they may be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants and fish or other wildlife and may contaminate water supplies. Use herbicides only when needed and handle them with care. Follow the directions, and heed all precautions on the container label. Please consult Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for herbicides to determine toxicity information prior to use. DIFFERENT TYPES OF HERBICIDE REGISTRATIONS Additional herbicides for crop production have been introduced in the recent past and likely will be in the foreseeable future. During this time of change, growers will be introduced to terminology that has very specific meanings toward the development and use of these additional herbicides. The purpose of this section is to introduce, list and explain the definition and implications of this terminology and to promote increased grower understanding that may aid in complying with state and federal pesticide laws. HERBICIDE LABELS State and federal agencies regulate herbicide use through the issuance of herbicide labels, which are the directions for herbicide use and have the effect of federal law. Each herbicide is identified under various sections or parts of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). FIFRA is the federal law that addresses, among other things, how a herbicide may be used. Contained within FIFRA are the sections that deal with specific situations. Herbicide users should understand three different types of labels, each addressed by a specific section of FIFRA. SECTION 3 The most comprehensive registration granted. This registration shows the United States Environmental Protection Agency has reviewed and approved all required information to support all uses listed on the product label. SECTION 24[c] Granted by the state under federal regulation and often called a special local need label. A 24[c] label applies only to the state or states that issue the label and is issued for a specific use pattern for crops or sites already approved under a Section 3 label. This label has a time period of use (usually five years), which may be renewed. SECTION 18 A state will petition the U.S. EPA for an emergency exemption label to control a specific weed problem not adequately addressed by any Section 3-labeled herbicides that poses a threat to crop production. Before determining issuance of a Section 18 label, each Section 18 petition is scrutinized by U.S. EPA. If the label is issued, the herbicide use is very clearly defined. If the U.S. EPA does not approve the Section 18 petition, the state may issue a crisis exemption and allow use of the herbicide. In all cases, Section 18 labels are temporary and expire within one year of issuance. 2 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

4 SUMMARY Different types of labels allow herbicide use under varying conditions. It is important for herbicide users to understand this part of the herbicide registration process, the results and how those results affect herbicide use. Much more information is available at these internet sites: U.S. EPA Office of Pesticide Programs FDA (Food and Drug Administration) In addition, herbicide labels and MSDS sheets can found at or the herbicide manufacturer s website. LOUISIANA SUGGESTED WEED MANAGEMENT GUIDE EDITORAL COMMITTEE Daniel O. Stephenson, IV, Corn, Cotton, Grain Sorghum, Soybean, and Wheat Weed Management, Associate Professor, Dean Lee Research and Extension Center Charles J. Graham, Fruit and Pecan Specialist, Professor, Pecan Research and Extension Station Donnie K. Miller, Cotton, Soybean and Sweet Potato Weed Management, Professor, Northeast Research Station and Macon Ridge Research and Extension Center Christopher Mudge, Aquatic Weed Management, Adjunct Professor, School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Science Albert Orgeron, Area Pest Management Specialist Southeast Region, Assistant Professor, School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Science Randy Price, Agricultural Engineer, Assistant Professor, Dean Lee Research and Extension Center Ron E. Strahan, Noncropland, Ornamental, Roadside, Turf, and Vegetable Weed Management, Associate Professor, School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences Eric P. Webster, Rice Weed Management, Professor, School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences 3 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

5 WEED RESISTANCE Weed resistance is defined by the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) as the inherited ability of a plant to survive and reproduce after exposure to a dose of herbicide normally lethal to the wild type. In a plant, resistance may be naturally occurring or induced by such techniques as genetic engineering or selection of variants produced by tissue culture or mutagenesis (WSSA). Repeated applications of the same herbicide or a different herbicide with a similar mode of action on the same field in consecutive years has contributed to the widespread occurrence of resistance to herbicides in several weed species around the world, in the U.S. and in Louisiana (see list below). Weed management programs must not solely depend on herbicides to be economically sustainable in the long term. A combination of the following management strategies is recommended: 1. Use residual herbicides. 2. Rotate different crops. 3. Rotate herbicides with different modes of action. 4. Tank-mix herbicides with different modes of action at full recommended rates. 5. Avoid sequential applications of the same herbicide. 6. Utilize tillage, cultivation or other cultural practices whenever and wherever feasible. 7. Clean equipment thoroughly before and after each use. 8. Control weeds on fallow ground or set aside to prevent spreading of documented or suspected resistant weeds. If you suspect resistance after a herbicide application, attempt to eradicate the escapes using cultural methods (e.g., hand-removal, tillage). DO NOT ALLOW WEEDS TO PRODUCE SEED. If seeds are produced, collect a seed sample from suspect plants and take to your parish LSU AgCenter extension agent who will have them screened by an LSU AgCenter scientist and inform you if the population is resistant. HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEEDS IN LOUISIANA Weed Amazon sprangletop Barnyardgrass Common cocklebur Italian ryegrass Itchgrass Johnsongrass Palmer amaranth Rice flatsedge Tall waterhemp Herbicide cyhalofop-butyl, fenoxaprop-p-butyl propanil, quinclorac, imazethapyr MSMA, DSMA glyphosate fluazifop-p-butyl glyphosate, fluazifop-p-butyl, clethodim glyphosate halosulfuron glyphosate 4 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

6 HERBICIDE MODE OF ACTION WSSA Group HRAC Group Site of Action Chemical Family Active Ingredient 1 A Inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate FOPs Cyclohexanedione DIMs Phenylpyrazoline DEN cyhalofop-butyl diclofop-methyl fenoxaprop-p-ethyl fluazifop-p-butyl quizalofop-p-ethyl clethodim sethoxydim tralkoxydim pinoxaden 2 B Inhibition of acetolactate synthase ALS (acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS) Sulfonylurea Imidazolinone bensulfuron-methyl chlorimuron-ethyl chlorsulfuron flazasulfuron foramsulfuron halosulfuron-methyl iodosulfuron mesosulfuron metsulfuron-methyl nicosulfuron primisulfuron-methyl prosulfuron rimsulfuron sulfometuron-methyl sulfosulfuron thifensulfuron-methyl tribenuron-methyl trifloxysulfuron imazapic imazamox imazapyr imazaquin imazethapyr 5 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

7 HERBICIDE MODE OF ACTION: continued WSSA Group HRAC Group Site of Action Chemical Family Active Ingredient Inhibition of acetolactate synthase ALS (acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS): continued Triazolopyrimidine Pyrimidinyl(thio)benzoate cloransulam-methyl diclosulam flumetsulam penoxsulam bispyribac-na pyrithiobac-na 5 C1 Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II Triazine atrazine prometryn simazine Triazinone Uracil hexazinone metribuzin bromacil terbacil 7 C2 Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II Urea diuron fluometuron (see F3) linuron siduron tebuthiuron Amide propanil 6 C3 Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II Nitrile bromoxynil Benzothiadiazinone bentazon 22 D Photosystem-I-electron diversion Bipyridylium diquat paraquat 14 E Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) Diphenylether acifluorfen-na fomesafen lactofen oxyfluorfen Phenylpyrazole N-phenylphthalimide pyraflufen-ethyl flumioxazin flumiclorac-pentyl 6 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

8 HERBICIDE MODE OF ACTION: continued WSSA Group HRAC Group Site of Action Chemical Family Active Ingredient Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO): continued Thiadiazole fluthiacet-methyl 12 F1 Inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis at the phytoene desaturase step (Bleacher) 27 F2 Inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate-dioxygenase (4- HPPD) (Bleacher) Oxadiazole Triazolinone Pyridazinone Triketone Isoxazole oxadiazon carfentrazone-ethyl sulfentrazone norflurazon mesotrione tembotrione isoxaflutole Pyrazolone topramezone 13 Inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis (unknown target) (Bleacher) Isoxazolidinone clomazone Urea fluometuron (see C2) 9 G Inhibition of EPSP synthase Glycine glyphosate 10 H Inhibition of glutamine synthetase Phosphinic acid glufosinate-ammonium 18 I Inhibition of DHP (dihydropteroate) synthase Carbamate asulam 3 K1 Microtubule assembly inhibition Dinitroaniline benefin = benfluralin ethalfluralin oryzalin pendimethalin trifluralin Pyridine Benzamide Benzoic acid dithiopyr propyzamide = pronamide DCPA = chlorthal-dimethyl 7 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

9 HERBICIDE MODE OF ACTION: continued WSSA Group HRAC Group Site of Action Chemical Family Active Ingredient 15 K3 Inhibition of VLCFAs (Inhibition of cell division) Chloroacetamide acetochlor alachlor dimethenamid-p metolachlor Acetamide Oxyacetamide Pyrazole napropamide flufenacet pyroxasulfone 20 L Inhibition of cell wall (cellulose) synthesis Nitrile dichlobenil 21 Benzamide isoxaben 8 N Inhibition of lipid synthesis - not ACCase inhibition Thiocarbamate butylate EPTC molinate thiobencarb = benthiocarb 4 O Action like indole acetic acid (synthetic auxins) Phosphorodithioate Benzofuran Phenoxy-carboxylic-acid Benzoic acid Pyridine carboxylic acid Quinoline carboxylic acid bensulide ethofumesate 2,4-D 2,4-DB MCPA mecoprop = MCPP = CMPP dicamba clopyralid fluroxypyr picloram triclopyr quinclorac 19 P Inhibition of auxin transport Phthalamate Semicarbazone naptalam diflufenzopyr-na 25 Z Unknown herbicide mode of action Organoarsenical DSMA and MSMA 8 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

10 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide INTRODUCTION Conservation tillage systems, whether no-till or stale seedbed, require herbicide programs that successfully control native winter vegetation or planted cover crops prior to planting. Elimination of competing vegetation helps to ensure crop stand establishment, rapid early season crop growth and efficient fertilizer utilization. Winter vegetation common to Louisiana ranges from easy-to-control weeds, such as annual bluegrass and common chickweed, to difficult-to-control species, such as curly dock and ryegrass. Cover crops may include wheat, rye, vetch, winter peas and tillage radish among others. Consequently, proper weed identification and herbicide selection are keys to a successful preplant burndown weed control program. More than 20 winter weeds are commonly found in fields throughout Louisiana. However, only a few key species necessitate selection of the most effective herbicide program. Glyphosate and paraquat continue to be the backbone of most burndown herbicide programs. Each product exhibits specific strengths and weaknesses. Tankmixtures with other herbicides broaden the spectrum of control and provide residual control until planting. Glyphosate provides slow systemic control of weeds, while paraquat results in fast contact control requiring thorough weed coverage for maximum effectiveness. Addition of ammonium sulfate to glyphosate spray solution can be beneficial when hard water (water containing mineral salts, including iron, calcium and magnesium) is used as the carrier. These conditions are more often observed in private wells and not municipal water sources. Glyphosate provides good-to-excellent control of annual bluegrass, Carolina foxtail, little barley, buttercup species, chickweed species, dandelion, horseweed (marestail), shepherd s-purse, bittercress and Virginia pepperweed. Control of geranium species, curly dock, henbit, cutleaf evening-primrose, smartweed species and legume cover crops has been poor to fair. Tank-mixture with other herbicides can improve control of these weeds as presented in Table 1. Paraquat provides good to excellent control of annual bluegrass, little barley, buttercup species, geranium species, chickweed species, henbit, and shepherd s-purse. Control of ryegrass, curly dock, cutleaf evening-primrose, horseweed (marestail), smartweed species, swinecress, legume cover crops and Virginia pepperweed has been poor. Tank-mix partners increase activity of paraquat on these species (Table 1). Liberty 280 SL is effective on numerous winter weeds found in Louisiana (Table 1). Activity of the herbicide is better under higher temperatures than the activity observed with glyphosate or paraquat. Although it is an excellent burndown herbicide, producers are limited in the amount of Liberty 280 SL that can be used per season including burndown timing. In some cases, producers are well advised to save their Liberty 280 SL for managing weeds within the growing crop. TIMING OF VEGETATION REMOVAL Timing of vegetation removal is another critical factor for successfully implementing reduced tillage programs. Conservation tillage practices provide an environment favorable to insect pest populations, primarily cutworms. Cutworm larvae feed on existing winter vegetation until it is removed or decomposed to a point no longer adequate as a food source. If present at planting, cutworm larvae may threaten stands of emerging crops. Research has shown that destroying winter vegetation at least three to four weeks prior to cotton planting is critical. Cutworms are able to feed on decaying vegetation. Therefore, a herbicide application six to eight weeks prior to planting is preferable. Labeled pyrethroid insecticides can be used in combination with a burndown herbicide or at planting 1 when the potential for cutworm infestation is high. If any living vegetation remains on the seedbed at planting, insecticide should be used for cutworm management. Recent research has shown that even when insects are managed, weeds like cutleaf evening-primrose and swinecress will reduce crop yield when not removed well in advance of planting. In a five-year study, corn yield was 15 to 25 percent higher when weeds were removed four weeks before planting compared to two weeks. USE OF FALL- OR SPRING-APPLIED RESIDUAL HERBICIDES FOR MANAGING TROUBLESOME WEEDS Increased problems in managing weeds like henbit and Italian ryegrass in the spring have led to increased interest in fall herbicide programs. Research has shown that an application of a residual herbicide in the fall can assist spring herbicide applications for preplant burndown in overall management of numerous troublesome weeds. Applications in Louisiana are optimum beginning around November 15. Numerous herbicides provide good control of grass and broadleaf winter annual weeds (Table 2). In some cases the soil must be tilled, moved, or in some way disturbed prior to planting. Be certain to check the product labels for specific recommendations. Although these treatments will result in a relatively weed-free seedbed at planting, the soil will be exposed to weathering. Therefore, these treatments should not be used on highly erodible or sloping soil. Be certain to consult with your local FSA or NRCS office to determine if you can use these treatments without conflicting with your conservation plan. Following the spring burndown herbicide application, weeds may regrow or new weeds may germinate when the treatment is applied six to eight weeks prior to planting. In these situations, use of residual herbicides, such as Goal 2XL, Valor, Canopy EX, Envive, Enlite, Leadoff and Valor XLT with glyphosate, paraquat or Liberty 1 In-furrow application is the least effective method for controlling cutworms. 9 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

11 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide 280 SL, can be beneficial in increasing control of existing weeds or provide soil residual control. However, they perform best as residual herbicides used earlier in the season (January and early February) or closer to planting. The use of residual herbicides earlier in the season will improve the control of troublesome winter weeds and help protect crops from yield losses associated with late burndown timings. Sequential applications of glyphosate or paraquat are also very effective and may eliminate the need for tank-mixes. Glyphosate applied alone or in tank mixture six weeks prior to planting followed by paraquat or Liberty 280SL at planting is an excellent weed control program. Plant-back restrictions can influence which residual herbicide that is selected. Table 4 provides a list of the plant-back restrictions for commonly used fall- and spring-applied herbicides for major crops in Louisiana. GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT HORSEWEED (MARE S-TAIL) and ITALIAN RYEGRASS Glyphosate-resistant horseweed (marestail) is present in Louisiana. In Louisiana, few acres receive a burndown application composed strictly of glyphosate since we have weeds that are difficult to control with glyphosate alone. Thorough scouting and tankmixes with herbicides will control glyphosate-resistant horseweed (marestail). It is recommended that 8 to12 oz/a (0.25 lb. ai/a) dicamba (Banvel or Clarity) be tankmixed with glyphosate when horseweed (marestail) is present, whether glyphosate resistance is suspected or not. Herbicides such as Leadoff, Canopy EX, Envive, or 2,4- D can exhibit good activity on emerged horseweed (marestail), but not to the level of dicamba. Fall application of Leadoff, Canopy EX, Envive, Envoke, Valor XLT, Fierce, or Valor prior to horseweed (marestail) emergence provides excellent residual control. Please consult individual product labels for rates, precautions, and plant-back restrictions. Preliminary data indicates that glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass is present in Louisiana. Producers are encouraged to closely monitor Italian ryegrass populations. Mississippi State University weed scientists have developed a glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass management plan that has been adopted by LSU AgCenter weed scientists. Management of glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass depends upon the crop to be planted in the spring and can be divided into a fall, winter or spring management timing, but research has shown greater Italian ryegrass control when control measures are initiated in the fall followed by a winter or spring herbicide application. Fields should be double-disked (all crops) or treated with Command (rice only) at 2 pt/a, Boundary (soybean) at 2.0 pt/a, Dual Magnum or equivalent (corn, cotton, and soybean) at 1.33 to 1.67 pt/a, Zidua (corn, cotton, soybean) at 2.5 oz/a, or trifluralin (cotton and soybean) at 3 pt/a in mid-october to mid-november. Emerged glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass will not be controlled by these products; therefore, these products should be tank-mixed with paraquat at 0.5 to 0.75 lb. a.i./a. Regardless of which fall control measure was utilized, fields should be scouted in January to February, and if glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass has emerged, Select Max at 12 to 16 oz/a (or equivalent rate of 1, 2 or 3 lbs. clethodim formulation) should be applied. Preplant applications of Select Max or any other clethodim formulation should be made at least 30 days before planting corn or rice. Multiple applications of Select Max or any other clethodim formulation are discouraged to prevent development of resistance to this herbicide. If no control measures are initiated in the fall or winter, or if glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass was not observed earlier, paraquat at 0.75 to 1.0 lb. a.i./a should be applied when resistance is identified. Research has shown that the addition of atrazine (corn) at 1 qt/a, metribuzin (soybean) at 4 oz/a, or diuron (cotton) at 1.5 pt/a will increase efficacy of paraquat against glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass. Sequential applications should be based on careful scouting for emerged glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass. SUMMARY Burndown herbicide decisions should be based on activity of glyphosate or paraquat on the most difficult-to-control weed species present. Appropriate tank mixtures should be considered based on their ability to enhance control with glyphosate or paraquat and/or to provide residual activity. Guidelines for Choosing a Burndown Program 1. Vegetation should be destroyed at least three to four weeks prior to planting, preferably six to eight weeks. 2. Choice of herbicide program depends on the most difficult-to-control weed species present. 3. Use glyphosate if annual ryegrass, horseweed (marestail), swinecress, speedwell, groundsel, Virginia pepperweed or wheat is the target vegetation. Use paraquat if a geranium species or henbit is the primary weed present. 4. If glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass or horseweed (marestail) is suspected or confirmed, utilize alternative residual or postemergence herbicides based upon research. 5. Carolina geranium, curly dock, cutleaf evening-primrose, clover species, henbit, smartweed, swinecress, and legume cover crop control can be increased when glyphosate is tank-mixed with other herbicides. 6. Carolina foxtail, curly dock, cutleaf evening-primrose, clover species, dandelion, groundsel, henbit, horseweed (marestail), smartweed, speedwell, swinecress, Virginia pepperweed and legume cover crop control can be increased when paraquat is tank-mixed with other herbicides. 7. Consider using an insecticide program that controls cutworms if any live vegetation is present at planting. 10 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

12 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Table 1. Effectiveness of selected spring-applied herbicides and/or herbicide combinations for controlling winter vegetation. Paraquat Paraquat + Goal 2XL Paraquat + Harmony Extra Paraquat + Firstshot Paraquat + Clarity Paraquat + 2,4-D Glyphosate Glyphosate + Goal Glyphosate + Harmony Extra Glyphosate + FirstShot Glyphosate + Clarity Glyphosate + 2,4-D Clarity 2,4-D Glyphosate + Valor Liberty 280 SL Annual bluegrass (2-6 ) Ryegrass (6-10 ) Carolina foxtail (2-6 ) Little barley (2-6 ) Buttercups (2-6 ) Geranium spp. (2-6 ) Chickweeds (2-4 ) Curly dock (6-8 ) Cutleaf evening-primrose ( ) Cutleaf ((( ) evening-primrose ( ) Clovers/medics (2-6 ) Dandelion (4-6 ) Groundsel (2-4 ) Henbit (6-8 ) Marestail (4-10 ) Smartweed spp. (2-6 ) Purslane speedwell (2-4 ) Shepherd's purse (6-10 ) Smallflower bittercress (6-10 ) Swinecress (2-4 ) Legume cover crops (6-8 ) Virginia pepperweed (4-6 ) Wheat (8-12 ) LSU AgCenter publication 1565

13 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Table 2. Effectiveness of selected fall-applied herbicide combinations for control of winter annual weeds 90 days after application. 1 annual bluegrass buttercup species chickweed species cutleaf eveningprimrose henbit swinecress shepherd s-purse Canopy EX Dual Magnum Enlite Envive Fierce Goal/Galigan LeadOff Valor Valor XLT Glyphosate at 1 lb./a or paraquat (Gramoxone SL at 1 qt/a) was tank-mixed with each residual herbicide. 2 For use only when soybeans will be planted the following spring. 3 Goal/Galigan must be tilled, moved, or in some way disturbed prior to planting. Table 3. Effectiveness of burndown herbicides used in corn four weeks after application. 1 annual bluegrass Italian ryegrass Carolina foxtail little barley Carolina geranium chickweed curly dock cutleaf eveningprimrose henbit horseweed speedwell shepherdspurse bittercress swinecress smartweed 2,4-D glyphosate glyphosate + Banvel/Clarity glyphosate + Goal glyphosate + Valor glyphosate + FirstShot glyphosate + 2,4-D glyphosate + Sharpen glyphosate +2,4-D + Clarity glyphosate + 2,4-D +Valor glyphosate +2,4-D + LeadOff paraquat paraquat + Goal/Galigan paraquat + FirstShot paraquat + 2,4-D Consult the label(s) prior to use and determine: (1) proper burndown application timing and herbicide rate; (2) if surfactant or crop oil concentrate is needed in the burndown treatment; and (3) the required time period between burndown application and crop planting. 2 Small cutleaf evening-primrose only (4- to 5-inch rosette or less). 3 Numerous formulations of 2,4-D and paraquat are available. 4 See Appendix A for various glyphosate products. 12 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

14 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Table 4. Plant back restrictions (days before planting) for commonly used fall- and spring-applied burndown herbicides. 1 Corn Cotton Grain Sorghum Rice Soybean 2,4-D Before emergence 5 30d (see label) 15d 30d 15-30d Aim none none none none none Boundary 4m 12m 12m 8m none Canopy EX 7m 8m/10m (see label) 9m/10m (see label) 9m/10m (see label) none Clarity Before emergence 21d (see label) 15d See label 14d (8 oz or less; see label)) Direx Following year 15-45d Following year Following year Following year Dual Magnum none none none following spring none Enlite 9m 9m 9m 15m/6m (see label) none Envive 10m 10m (soil ph < 7.0) 18m (soil ph > 7.0) 10m 9m (see label) 4m Fierce 7d-2m 45d-2m 11-12m 10m none FirstShot 14d 14d 14d 0d 7d Goal/Galigan See label 8d See label See label 8d Harmony GT Before emergence 7d 45d none Before emergence LeadOff none 30d (see label) 10m 10m 30d (see label) Liberty 280 SL 3 none none 180d none none Valor 14d 4 30d 2 30d 2 30d 2 none 10m (soil ph < 7.0) 10m (soil ph < 7.0) 10m (soil ph < 7.0) 9m (soil ph < 7.0) Valor XLT none 18m (soil ph > 7.0) 30m (soil ph > 7.0) 18m (soil ph > 7.0) 18m (soil ph > 7.0) Zidua none 0-4m 6-12m 10-24m 0-4m 1 Consult label for specific requirements and differing restrictions based on rate. 2 An accumulation of 1inch of rainfall or irrigation is required. 3 Only labeled for burndown in cotton, corn and soybeans. 4 See label for rainfall and other requirements. AgCenter data suggest 30 days. 5 AgCenter suggests that not more than 0.5 lb. ai/a be applied within two weeks of planting. 13 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

15 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide General Fall- and Spring-Applied Programs lb./a Gramoxone pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal All annual grassy and broadleaf weeds, not more than 6" tall Apply near planting time. This treatment is most useful on heavy soil that should not be disturbed in the spring before planting. Apply in 5 gals of water by air or 20 gallons by ground. 0.2 oz/a oz/a 0.8 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Smartweed, knotweed, dock and cutleaf evening-primrose Apply with glyphosate or paraquat. Use table 3 as guide for planting intervals. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. glyphosate lbs./a Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal qt/a Preplant knockdown of most emerged annual weeds; weak on primrose and others (see Table 1). Controls johnsongrass from rhizomes. Apply at least 1 week before planting. Apply after rhizomes have sprouted and johnsongrass is at least 18". Wait 7 days, disk under vegetation and plant. Follow label directions. pyroxasulfone lb./a S-metolachlor lbs./a oz/a Annual winter weeds and ryegrass Labeled for fall and spring burndown application. Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. 2 pt/a Annual winter weeds and ryegrass Labeled for fall and spring burndown application. Fall application is labeled from September 1-November 30. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted lb./a 1-4 oz/a Excellent residual control of annual ryegrass and winter weeds from fall application Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. glyphosate 1 lb./a lb../a Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal formulations) qt/a oz/a. Morningglory and other broadleaves. May be used to remove failed cotton stands. Apply prior to cotton emergence. Weed species controlled is rate dependent. Consult label for proper rate according to weed species and size. glyphosate 1 lb./a + 2, lb./a Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal formulations) + 2,4-D 1.0 qt/a pt/a Same as glyphosate plus, primrose, geranium and others Most common burndown program used in Louisiana. May not control large, flowering henbit on Delta soils. Use Table 3 as guide for planting intervals. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. glyphosate 1 lb./a lb./a Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal formulations) + Clarity 4 1 qt/a + 8 oz/a Glyphosate-resistant horseweed. Weak on primrose, geranium, and other winter broadleaf weeds. Add 2,4-D if primrose is present At least 21 days prior to planting following 1inch of rainfall or overhead irrigation. Use Table 3 as guide for planting intervals. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. 14 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

16 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide General Fall- and Spring-Applied Programs 1 glyphosate 1 lb./a lb./a glyphosate 1.0 lb./a lb./a glyphosate 1.0 lb./a lb./a glyphosate 1.0 lb./a + chlorimuron oz/a glyphosate 1.0 lb./a + chlorimuron oz/a glyphosate 1.0 lb./a + flumioxazin oz/a glyphosate 1.0 lb./a + chlorimuron + flumioxazin oz/a glyphosate 2 + rimsulfuron oz/a glyphosate lb/a Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal 1 qt/a oz/a Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal formulations) qt/a oz/a Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal formulations) + Direx 1.5 pt/a on light soil 2.0 pt/a on medium soil Karmex 10 oz/a on light soil 14 oz/a on medium soil Glyphosate + 6 oz/a Glyphosate + Canopy 2 oz/a Glyphosate + Valor 3 oz/a Glyphosate oz/a Glyphosate oz/a Glyphosate + Dual 1.33 pt/a Same as glyphosate plus some weeds that glyphosate may not control; very good residual control of smartweed Same as glyphosate plus, henbit, geranium, Pennsylvania smartweed and dock Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Smartweed, dock, and primrose. Excellent residual control of winter weeds from fall application. Smartweed, dock, and primrose. Excellent residual control of winter weeds from fall application. Dock, smartweed, and primrose. Excellent residual control of winter weeds from fall application. Dock, smartweed, and primrose. Excellent residual control of winter weeds from fall application. Dock, smartweed, and primrose. Excellent residual control of winter weeds including annual ryegrass from fall application Excellent residual control of annual ryegrass and winter weeds from fall application. Valor provides excellent residual control plus some knockdown of emerged weeds. Large flowering henbit may regrow if application is made late. Use Table 3 as guide for planting intervals. Labeled for fall and spring burndown application. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. Goal provides excellent residual control plus some knockdown of emerged weeds. Large flowering henbit may regrow if application is made late. Use Table 3 as guide for planting intervals. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. Apply 15 to 45 days prior to planting. Cover seed at least 1/2" deep. Apply to soil surface behind press wheel. To avoid possible cotton injury, do not use diuron following a soil applied organophosphate insecticide or injury may occur. Labeled for fall and spring burndown application. Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Consult label for ph restrictions. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. Labeled for fall and spring burndown application. Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Consult label for ph restrictions and planting interval following application. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. Labeled for fall and spring burndown application. Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Consult label for ph restrictions. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. Labeled for fall and spring burndown application. Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Consult label for ph restrictions. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. Labeled for fall and spring burndown application. Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Consult label for ph restrictions. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. 15 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

17 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WINTER VEGETATION 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide General Fall- and Spring-Applied Programs 1 glyphosate oz/a 1 Additional information about each herbicide can be found in crops section. 2 See Appendix A for glyphosate formulations and surfactant requirements. Glyphosate + 1 oz/a Annual winter weeds. Higher rates required for residual control of winter weeds from fall application. Optimum fall timing is late November, early December. Note labels are updated regularly and should be consulted. 16 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

18 CORN WEED MANAGEMENT barnyardgrass broadleaf signalgrass crabgrass foxtail itchgrass seedling johnsongrass rhizome johnsongrass yellow nutsedge yellow nutsedge purple nutsedge Palmer amaranth prickly sida hemp sesbania morningglory sicklepod hophornbeam copperleaf smellmelon PREEMERGENCE HERBICIDES: 1 atrazine (numerous formulations) Anthem, Anthem Maxx Bicep II Magnum, Cinch ATZ Dual Magnum, Dual II Magnum, Cinch Corvus Outlook Harness Xtra Instigate + atrazine Keystone NXT Lexar EZ Sharpen Verdict Zidua POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES: 2,4-D Accent Q Armezon or Impact + atrazine atrazine (numerous formulations) Clarity/Banvel Callisto + atrazine Capreno + atrazine Status glyphosate 2, Halex GT 2 + atrazine Laudis + atrazine Liberty 280SL Realm Q + atrazine Steadfast Q LAYBY HERBICIDES: atrazine diuron Pre-emergencePre-emergence herbicides must be activated by rainfall or overhead irrigation. 2 For use in Roundup Ready corn hybrids. Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass, johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth, and tall waterhemp have been documented in Louisiana. 3 See Appendix A for various glyphosate products. 4 For use only in Liberty Link corn hybrids. 17 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

19 CORN WEED MANAGEMENT CORN 1,2 Active Ingredient and Rate 1 Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions PREPLANT FOLIAR 2 : lb./a 2,4-D pt/a Broadleaf weeds Apply 7-14 days before planting. Do not use on sandy soils lb./a 8 oz/a Broadleaf weeds Reduced tillage production systems only. glyphosate lb./a Roundup oz/a 4L oz/a Annual grass and broadleaf weeds Consult label to determine rates for weeds and growth stages lb./a Paraquat (2 lbs.gal oz/a; Paraquat (3 lbs.gal oz/a Annual and perennial grass and broadleaf weeds Use the lower rates on weeds 1-3 inches tall and higher rates on weeds 4-6 inches tall. Avoid off-site movement to emerged vegetation. Apply with 1 qt/100 gal PREEMERGENCE: 2.0 lbs./a (1.6 lbs./a on highly erodible soils) 90 DF 2.2 lbs.a 4L 2 qt/a Reduce rate by 25% on highly erodible soils. Many small-seeded annual broadleaf weeds and some annual grasses Inconsistent on broadleaf signalgrass Best if applied to the soil surface after planting, before weeds emerge. Rainfall required for activation. Do not plant treated areas with any crop except corn or grain sorghum until the following year. Do not apply more than 2.0 lb ai/a/ application or 2.5 lb ai/year. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Do not mix, load or use within 50 ft of a well. Use a device to prevent back siphoning when mixing lb./a lb./a 5-7 oz/a on coarse soils oz/a on medium soils 8-10 oz/a on fine soils Most annual grasses Apply to the bare soil surface after planting but before weeds emerge. May also be used after corn emergence; consult label. Organic matter influences use rate; consult label lb./a lb./a lbs.a Anthem Maxx oz/a on coarse soils oz/a on medium soils oz/a on fine soils Anthem pt/a on coarse soils pt/a on medium soils pt/a on fine soils Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply to the bare soil surface after planting but before weeds emerge. May also be used after corn emergence; consult label. An 18-month crop rotation restriction for all crops other than corn. Organic matter influences use rate; consult label lbs.a lbs.a Bicep II Magnum / Cinch 1.3 qt/a on coarse soil 1.6 qt/a on medium soil 2.1 qt/a on heavy soil Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds See comments for atrazine and S-metolachlor. Apply to the bare soils surface after planting but before weeds emerge Do not apply with liquid fertilizer. See the Bicep II Magnum or Cinch ATZ label for other tank mixtures. 18 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

20 CORN WEED MANAGEMENT CORN 1,2 Active Ingredient and Rate 1 Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions PREEMERGENCE continued: lb./a S-metolachlor lbs.a 3.33 oz/a on coarse soils 5.6 oz/a on medium & heavy soils Dual II Magnum, Dual Magnum, 1.0 pt/a on light soil 1.17 pt/a on medium soil 1.33 pt/a on heavy soil Seedling and rhizome johnsongrass. Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. Most annual grasses including broadleaf signalgrass, seeding johnsongrass and pigweeds Do not apply if water table is less than 25 feet below ground surface. Consult label for crop rotation restrictions. Organic matter and soil ph influence use rate; consult label. Do not use on fields treated with organophosphate or carbamate insecticides. Tank-mixing Corvus with atrazine at 1.5 lbs.a will increase spectrum of weeds controlled; consult label. Apply after planting before weeds emerge. May also be used before planting; consult label. Rates listed should be adjusted for OM; consult label. Poor control of most large-seeded broadleaf weeds. For improved broadleaf weed control mix with atrazine; consult label lbs.a Harness 1.8 qt/a on coarse soil 2.3 qt/a on medium soil qt/a on heavy soil Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply after planting before weeds emerge. See comments for acetochlor and atrazine. Adjust rates per label if OM > 3% lbs.a lbs.a 0.02 lb./a lb./a Keystone qt/a on coarse soil qt/a on medium and heavy soil 6 oz/a Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply after planting before weeds emerge. See comments for acetochlor and atrazine. Adjust rates per label if OM > 3%. Apply before or after planting. Do not apply Callisto, Laudis or Armezon/Impact in same season as Instigate. Do not apply to coarse textured soils. Do not apply organophosphate insecticide in same season. Allow four weeks after application to apply another herbicide containing rimsulfuron. Tank-mixing atrazine at 1.5 lbs.a will increase spectrum of weeds controlled. 1.3 lbs.a lbs.a lb./a Lexar 3 qt/a Most small-seeded grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply after planting before weeds emerge. Provides better annual grass and broadleaf weed control than s-metolachlor + atrazine alone. Additional, atrazine may improve morningglory control. Up to 1.3 lb ai/a atrazine can be used at layby following this treatment. Use 3.5 qt/a Lexar if soil OM is above 3%. Do not follow this treatment with an HPPD inhibitor such as Callisto, Impact or Laudis. Use caution if Counter or other OP insecticides were used at planting; consult label lb./a Outlook oz/a on coarse soil oz/a on med-heavy soil Most annual grasses, pigweeds and some sedges Apply after planting before weeds emerge. May also be used before planting; consult label. Higher rates may be needed on soil with 3% or higher OM; consult label. Mix with atrazine for improved broadleaf weed control; consult label. 19 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

21 CORN WEED MANAGEMENT CORN 1,2 Active Ingredient and Rate 1 Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions PREEMERGENCE continued: lb./a 2-3 oz/a Broadleaf weeds. Does not control grasses. Use lower rates on coarse soils. Sharpen should be applied with additional herbicide for control of grasses. Do not apply after corn emergence. Do not apply where an organophosphate or carbamate lb./a lb./a oz/a on coarse soil oz/a on medium soil oz/a on heavy soil Small-seeded grasses and broadleaf weeds insecticide is planned. Do not apply more than 6 oz/a per year. Apply to the soil surface after planting, but before corn and weed emergence. Application following corn emergence will cause severe corn injury. Do not use on fields treated with organophosphate or carbamate insecticides. Tank mixing Verdict with atrazine at 1.5 lbs.a will increase spectrum of weeds controlled lb./A oz/a on coarse soil 2-3 oz/a on medium soil oz/a on heavy soil Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply to the bare soil surface after planting but before weeds emerge. May also be used before planting; consult label. Only crops listed on Zidua label can be planted the following year. Tank mixing Zidua with atrazine at 1.5 lbs.a will increase spectrum of weeds controlled. POSTEMERGENCE: 2,4-D lb./a 2,4-D pt/a Broadleaf weeds Apply before corn is 15 inches tall or after grain is dented. Do not treat at tasseling and silking stage. If necessary to spray after corn is 15 inches tall but before tasseling, do not spray in whorl. Under certain conditions injury is possible; consult label lb./a Accent 0.9 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 2 pt/100 gal plus 2 qt/a UAN; consult label for correct adjuvant system when mixing with other herbicides. Annual grasses, johnsongrass, pigweed and morningglory. Can be erratic on broadleaf signalgrass, crabgrass and yellow foxtail. Apply to corn up to 20 inches tall. Do not broadcast after the 6-leaf stage. Can be applied with drop nozzles up to 36 inches tall (V10) corn; consult label. Do not apply to corn treated with Counter 15 G; consult label. Tank mixing Accent Q with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a and/or glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. If tank-mixed with atrazine, observe 12-inch corn application limit. See the Accent Q label for other tank mixtures lb./a lb./a 4-7 oz/a on coarse soil 5-9 oz/a on medium soil 7-12 oz/a on fine soil Anthem Maxx oz/a on coarse soils oz/a on medium soils oz/a on fine soils Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply before corn exceeds V4 growth stage. Better results if applied for residual control of weeds. May also be used before or at planting; consult label. An 18-month crop rotation restriction for all crops other than corn. Tank-mixing Anthem with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a, glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) and/or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. See the Anthem label for other tank mixtures. Apply with 1qt/100 gal, COC or 1gal/100 gal 20 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

22 CORN WEED MANAGEMENT CORN 1,2 Active Ingredient and Rate 1 Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Armezon or 0.75 oz/a Apply with MSO or 1 gal/100 gal and 28%-32% gal/100 gal or lbs.100 gal. Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply to corn up V8 growth stage. Tank-mixing Armezon or Impact with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a, glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) and/or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. If tank mixed with atrazine, observe 12-inch corn application limit. See the Armezon or Impact label for other tankmixtures. 2.0 lbs.a lbs.a lbs.a lb./a 0.13 lb./a lb./a lb./a 90 DF 2.2 lbs.a 4L 2 qt/a Apply with 1gal/100 gal Bicep II 1.3 qt/a on coarse soil 1.6 qt/a on medium soil 2.1 qt/a on heavy soil 3 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal 3 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal Clarity or 0.5 pt/a on coarse soil 1.0 pt/a on med-heavy soil Apply with 1pt/100 gal; consult label for precautions Most broadleaf weeds and some grasses; grasses must be very small to obtain control. Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Many broadleaf weeds, including copperleaf, broadleaf signalgrass (<2 inches) and large crabgrass (<2 inches); weak on most grasses; Callisto alone will not control prickly sida and most morningglories. Seedling and rhizome johnsongrass. Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. Most broadleaf weeds Apply before weeds exceed 1.5 inches or corn exceeds 12 inches in height. Do not exceed 2.5 lb ai/a atrazine per season. Do not graze or feed forage from treated areas to livestock for 21 days after treatment. Tank-mixing atrazine with glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. See the atrazine label for other tank-mixtures. See comments for atrazine and S-metolachlor above. Apply before weeds emerge and corn reaches the V4 growth stage or 12 inches in height. Do not apply with liquid fertilizer. Tank mixing atrazine with glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. See the Bicep II Magnum label for other tank mixtures. Apply before weeds are 4 inches tall. Has excellent residual weed control, so early applications are encouraged. Do not use if Counter was used at planting; consult label for other use restrictions. Do not tank mix with MSO blend adjuvants. Tank-mixing Callisto with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a, glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) and/or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. See the Callisto label for other tank mixtures. Apply before corn exceeds 12 inches in height. Corn injury may occur if rainfall does not occur within 3 weeks after application. Do not use on fields treated with Counter; consult label. Tank-mixing Capreno with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a, glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) and/or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. See the Capreno label for other tank-mixtures. Apply after corn emergence before the 5 - leaf stage or corn is 8 inches tall. During periods of rapid growth temporary leaning may occur. Do not cultivate until corn recovers. Do not use crop oil. May be used on corn 8-24 inches tall at a reduced rate; consult label. Tank-mixing Clarity or Banvel with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a and/or glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. See the Clarity or Banvel label for other tank mixtures. 21 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

23 CORN WEED MANAGEMENT CORN 1,2 Active Ingredient and Rate 1 Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions POSTEMERGENCE continued: glyphosate lbs.a lbs.a lb./a Halex GT pt/a Apply with 1-2 qt/100 gal plus AMS lbs.100 gal Most annual grass and broadleaf weeds; good residual control is tankmixed with atrazine. Glyphosate-tolerant Corn Only. Apply from emergence 30-inch tall corn or V8 growth stage. Do not use Halex GT if another HPPD inhibitor such as Callisto, Impact or Laudis has or will be used. Do not use on fields treated with Counter. Tank mixing Halex GT with 0.08 lb./a 3 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal Many broadleaf weeds. Laudis alone will not control most morningglories. atrazine at 1.0 lb./a will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. Apply before weeds are 4 inches tall. Do not use if Counter was used at planting. Consult label for other use restrictions. Tank-mixing Laudis with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a, glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) and/or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. See the Laudis label for other tank-mixtures. 1.3 lbs.a lbs.a lb./a Lexar 3 qt/a Most small-seeded grasses and broadleaf weeds glufosinate 0.40 lb./a Liberty 22 oz/a Many annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. Adhere to weed size restrictions on label or unsatisfactory control will result. See comments in pre-emergence section. Apply before weeds emerge and corn is 12 inches tall. If weeds are present, apply with NIS at 1qt/100 gal. Do not apply with liquid fertilizer. Tank-mixing Lexar EZ with glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. See the Lexar EZ label for other tank mixtures. Liberty Link Corn Only. Apply from emergence through V5. Apply before weeds are 2-3 inches tall with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a and/or residual grass herbicides. Refer to label for approved tank mixes. Will not control large escaped grasses. Make no more than 2 applications per year. Do not apply more than 44 oz/year lb./a 0.02 lb./a lb./a lb./a Permit oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Realm 4 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal or 1qt/100 gal Resolve 1.25 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100gal + 2 qt/a UAN Purple and yellow nutsedge, common cocklebur Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Improved grass and broadleaf weed control when mixed with other herbicides; consult label. Provides some residual control. Apply to spiking corn thru layby. Do not exceed two applications with a total of 2 2/3 oz/a/season Permit. May tank-mix with other herbicides for broad-spectrum weed control; consult label. Consult label for recrop intervals and other information. Do not apply to corn taller than 20 inches or plants with 7 or more collars. Do not apply to sweet corn. Do not tank-mix with organophosphate insecticide. Apply organophosphate insecticide either 7 days before or 3 days after Realm Q application. Tank-mix with atrazine, glyphosate or Liberty to broaden spectrum of weeds controlled. Glyphosate and Liberty in Roundup Ready or Liberty Link corn hybrids, respectively. Apply to corn up to 20 inches tall or that has no more than 7 collars. An activating rainfall within 5-7 days of application is required for residual control. Do not use on fields treated with Counter; consult label. Tank-mixing atrazine at 1 lb./a and/or glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) will broaden the spectrum of weed controlled. 22 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

24 CORN WEED MANAGEMENT CORN 1,2 Active Ingredient and Rate 1 Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions POSTEMERGENCE continued: glyphosate lb./a Roundup PowerMax 22 oz/a 4L 32 oz/a Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Glyphosate-tolerant Corn Only. Apply from corn emergence until 8 leaves with collars (or 30 inches). Consult product labels for glyphosate products cleared on Roundup Ready corn. Consult label for lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a 5-10 oz/a Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1-2 pt/a or 1-2 pt/a Steadfast 1.5 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 2 pt/100 gal or 2 pt/100 gal plus 2 qt/a UAN; consult label for correct adjuvant system when mixing with other herbicides. Most broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses, johnsongrass and some broadleaf weeds. Better on annual grasses than Accent alone. maximum use rate per year restrictions. Apply after corn is 4 inches tall (V2) up to 36 inches (V8). Do not apply within 15 days of tassel emergence. Do not mix with 2,4-D or more dicamba. Do not mix with EC formulation herbicides. Do not apply to stressed or injured corn. Tank-mixing Status with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a, glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) and/or Liberty (Liberty Link corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. Apply to corn up to 20 inches tall. Do not apply after the V5 growth stage. Do not apply to corn treated with Counter 15 G; consult label for other restrictions. Tank-mixing Accent Q with atrazine at 1.0 lb./a and/or glyphosate (Roundup Ready corn) will broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. If tank-mixed with atrazine, observe 12-inch corn application limit. See the Steadfast Q label for other tank-mixtures lb./a lb./a Yukon oz/a Apply with NIS Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Nutsedge, morningglories, ragweed Apply at spike to 36-inch corn. Do not exceed 8 oz/a/season. May tank-mix with other herbicides for broad spectrum weed control; consult label. Consult label for recrop intervals and other information. DIRECT POSTEMERGENCE/LAYBY: lb./a Paraquat (2 lbs./gal oz/a; Paraquat (3 lbs./gal oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal 1-2 lb./a 80 DF lb./a 90 DF lb./a 4L 1-2 qt/a 5L qt/a lb./A Karmex lb./a Direx 4L/Diuron pt/a Annual grasses and weeds less than 4 inches tall Most annual weeds Most annual weeds Apply after corn is 10 inches tall. Directed spray only. Avoid all spray contact with corn foliage. Use low pressure and large droplets. Use GPA. Apply after last cultivation when corn is inches tall. Use drop nozzles to keep spray off corn leaves. Do not exceed a total of 2.5 lb./a/ season. Apply in GPA. Apply after last cultivation when corn is 20 to 30 inches tall. Do not apply over top of corn. Apply as directed spray. Add surfactant if small weeds are present. Apply lower rate to light soil. Apply in 20 gal water per acre. 23 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

25 CORN WEED MANAGEMENT CORN 1,2 Active Ingredient and Rate 1 Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions HARVEST AIDS: lb./a 1-2 oz/a Better on vines than pigweed, sicklepod, etc. Apply after grain has begun to drydown. Use a minimum volume of 10 gallons by ground and 5 gallons by air. Do not apply within 3 days of lb./a sodium 6 lbs./a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal Paraquat (2 lbs./gal pt/a; Paraquat (3 lbs./gal pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal 6 lb./gal 1 gal/a 5 lb./gal 1.2 gal/a 3 lb./gal 2 gal/a Grasses and broadleaves Desiccation of green vegetation harvest. Apply after black layer has formed. Use a minimum of 20 gallons by ground or 5 gallons by air. Apply at least 7 days prior to harvest. Apply to corn field where grasses make harvest difficult. Apply at least 14 days before anticipated harvest date on clear days when temperatures are expected to exceed 70 F. DO NOT graze treated fields or feed fodder, forage or residual seeds within 14 days of application. 1 Suggestions are for field corn grown for grain. Consult labels before using these herbicides on corn grown for seed or silage. 2 Refer to the burndown section of this guide for suggestions on managing cool season weeds. 3 Metolachlor contains a 1:1 ratio of two metolachlor isomers (-R and S). S-metolachlor contains only the S isomer. The S isomer has greater herbicidal activity than the R isomer. On the herbicide label, the R isomer is denoted by metolachlor while the S isomer is denoted by acetamide (s). Alternatively, if the trade names Bicep or Dual include the word Magnum, the S isomer is an active ingredient. If the trade name does not include Magnum, the metolachlor R:-S isomer ratio is 1:1. 4 See Appendix A for glyphosate products and their surfactant requirements. 5 For use only in Roundup Ready corn hybrids. Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass, johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth and tall waterhemp have been documented in Louisiana. 6 For use only in Liberty Link corn hybrids. 24 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

26 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 1. Effectiveness of selected cotton herbicides four weeks after application. hophornbeam copperleaf smellmellon bermudagrass rhizome johnsongrass seedling Johnson grass annual grasses yellow nutsedge prickly sida pigweed morningglory hemp sesbania sicklepod PREEMERGENCE HERBICIDES: Command 3ME Cotoran, Meturon or Fluometuron S-metolachlor/metolachlor (all formulations) Diuron Treflan or Prowl Solicam DF Treflan or Prowl + Cotoran, Treflan, or Prowl + Diuron Treflan or Prowl + Solicam DF Staple LX + Cotoran POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES: Aim/ET Aim/ET + MSMA Aim/ET + glyphosate Assure II Cobra + MSMA Cotoran, Meturon or Fluometuron Caparol or Cotton-Pro Caparol or Cotton-Pro + MSMA Cotoran + MSMA Envoke Fusilade DX glyphosate 1, glyphosate 1,2 + Warrant Goal + MSMA Liberty 280 SL Liberty 280 SL 3 + Dual Magnum Liberty 280 SL 3 + Staple LX diuron diuron + MSMA LSU AgCenter publication 1565

27 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 1 continued: Effectiveness of selected cotton herbicides four weeks after application. hophornbeam copperleaf smellmellon bermudagrass rhizome johnsongrass seedling Johnsongrass annual grasses nutsedge prickly sida pigweed morningglory hemp sesbania Sicklepod POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES continued: Linex + MSMA Poast Plus Select Max/other clethodim formulations Sequence Staple LX Staple LX + glyphosate Suprend Valor For use only in Roundup Ready and GlyTol/Liberty Link varieties. Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass, johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth and tall waterhemp have been documented in Louisiana. 2 See Appendix A for various glyphosate products. 3 For use only in Liberty Link and GlyTol/Liberty Link varieties. 26 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

28 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT COTTON Active Ingredient and Rate Active Ingredient and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions PREPLANT 1 : /lbs./a Dual pt/a Italian ryegrass Apply to prepared seedbeds between September 1 and December 1. Best control is generally observed from late October to mid-november. Will not control emerged ryegrass. Mix with paraquat to control emerged ryegrass. Incorporation will be beneficial if an activating rainfall is not received soon after application. Don t incorporate deeper than 2-3 inches. The maximum combined fall and spring metolachlor rate is 2.54 pt/a lb./a 1 2 oz/a Residual control of pigweed and control and/or partial control of other broadleaf weeds. Mix with other herbicides to burndown existing vegetation. Apply 30 days before planting. Do not plant until at least 1 inch of rainfall or overhead irrigation has been received following application lb./a Reflex 2 1 pt/a Residual control of pigweed and control and/or partial control of other broadleaf weeds, sedges and grasses. Mix with other herbicides to burndown existing vegetation. Apply days before planting. Do not plant until at least 1/2 inch of rainfall or overhead irrigation has been received following the application. Plant at least 0.75 inches deep. Do not use on light/coarse textured soils. Cotton plants may exhibit some crinkling or spotting on foliage or stunting, but plants normally outgrow these effects. PREPLANT INCORPORATED: lbs./a Prowl 3.3 EC/Pendimax pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on heavy soil Most annual grasses, seedling johnsongrass and fair control of some broadleaf weeds Apply before planting and incorporate up to 1/2 inch deeper than the seed is planted. Incorporation will be necessary if sufficient rainfall is not received within seven days. Prowl 1-2 pt/a on coarse soil 2 pt/a on medium soil 3 pt/a on heavy soil lbs./a Treflan, Trifluralin, and other 4L pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on medium soil 3 pt/a on heavy soil Most annual grasses, johnsongrass from seed and fair control of some broadleaf weeds Apply prior to or after planting. Incorporate up to 1/2 inch deeper than seed if applied preplant or almost to seed if applied after planting. 27 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

29 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT COTTON Active Ingredient and Rate Active Ingredient and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a Command pt/a Most annual grasses and good control of prickly sida, wild poinsettia, spurred anoda, velvetleaf and itchgrass Apply before or after planting. Requires the use of disulfoton or phorate applied in furrow to protect cotton from injury. Read and follow label instructions concerning application conditions and buffer zones to reduce nontarget drift injury. Excessive rainfall at lbs./a 1.5 qt/a Annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaves planting may lead to injury. Consult label for rate range considering soil type and O.M. content. Can be applied from emergence through the 4-leaf stage, with optimum being two- to three-leaf. Emerged weeds are not controlled and require addition of a labeled postemergence herbicide such as glyphosate or glufosinate. Please see label for appropriate tank mix partners and related information. metolachlor lbs./a S-metolachlor lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a Parallel pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on heavy soil Dual Magnum, Dual II pt/a on medium soil 1.33 pt/a on heavy soil lb./lb./lb./ Cotoran, Meturon 0.8 qt/a on coarse soil 1.2 qt/a on medium soil 2.0 qt/a on heavy soil Prowl 3.3, pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on heavy soil Most annual grasses and smallseeded broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses and smallseeded broadleaf weeds Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds Apply after planting before weeds emerge. May also be applied before planting or preplant incorporated. Cotton should be planted 1.5 inches deeper than incorporated zone. Apply after planting before weeds emerge. May also be applied before planting. Cotton should be planted 1.5 inches deeper than incorporated zone. Apply at planting. Cover seed at least 1/2 inch deep. Apply to soil surface behind press wheel. Apply at planting. Rainfall required within seven days for activation. Can be used in no-till or reduced-till cotton where incorporation cannot be used. Prowl 1-2 pt/a on coarse soil 2 pt/a on medium soil 3 pt/a on heavy soil 28 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

30 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT COTTON Active Ingredient and Rate Active Ingredient and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions PREEMERGENCE continued: oz/a lb./a Staple fl. oz./a + flumeturon as above Better control of yellow nutsedge and certain broadleaf weeds Apply at planting. Best control is achieved with sequential postemergence Staple LX treatments. Follow /lb./a lb./lb./lb./lb./ Solicam 1.25 lb./a on light soil 1.9 lb./a on medium soil 2.5 lb./a on heavy soil Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. Fair control of nutsedge. label directions. Apply at planting. Can be applied up to 30 days before planting. Can be incorporated before planting at the same rate as the surface application or split ½ PPI and ½ PRE. fluridone lb./a lb./a fluridone lb./a lb./a POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a lb./a fenoxaprop-ethyl lb./a Brake 32 oz/a on light soil 32 to 42 oz/a on medium and heavy soil Annual grasses and broadleaves Do not apply more than 42 oz/a per year. Requires adequate rainfall or irrigation following application for optimum results. Brake oz/a Annual grasses and broadleaves Do not apply more than 21 oz/a per year. Requires adequate rainfall or irrigation following application for optimum results. Apply oz/a preemergence or up to 14 days prior to planting. Apply oz/a up to 14 days prior to planting. Assure 5-10 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal oz/a. Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Fusilade pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal. 10 oz/a. Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal. Annual and perennial grasses Broadleaves (including sicklepod) and sedges; weak on prickly sida Annual and perennial grasses Same as above Apply before grasses exceed height for treatment. Use 5-8 oz/a on annual grasses and 10 oz/a on perennial grasses. Apply after cotton reaches the 5-true-leaf stage. Do not apply to cotton that is stressed. Do not tank-mix with any EC formulated product as increased injury may be observed. Consult label for approved tank mixes. Do not tank-mix with grass herbicides as grass control will be reduced. Not labeled for aerial application. Apply before annual grasses reach 4 inches and johnsongrass reaches 2 feet. Use the highest rate on bermudagrass with runners. Activity may be reduced if mixed with other herbicides. Use lowest range of rates for shattercane and seedling johnsongrass. Same as above 29 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

31 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT COTTON Active Ingredient and Rate Active Ingredient and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Poast pt/a Annual and perennial grasses lb./a lb./a glyphosate lb./a glyphosate lb./a + S- metolachlor lb./a glyphosate lb./a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal. Staple fl. oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Select oz./a 2 lb./gal 6-16 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Roundup PowerMax 22 oz/a 4L 32 oz/a 4 L oz/a + Dual pt/a or Sequence pt/a Glyphosate (4 lb./gal formulations) + Staple 1.0 qt/a oz/a Pigweed, cocklebur, morningglory, prickly sida and other broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses Most broadleaf weeds and grasses Most broadleaf weeds and grasses Most broadleaf weeds and grasses Apply at 1.5 pt/a before annual grasses reach 4 inches and johnsongrass reaches 2 feet. Use 2.25 pt/a to control bermudagrass with 4-6 inch runners. Application to larger grasses or grasses under stress may result in reduced control. Activity may be reduced if mixed with other herbicides. Apply when weeds are small and actively growing. Temporary cotton injury seen as chlorosis (yellowing) may occur following application. Weak on sicklepod. Can be banded. Spray grade nitrogen fertilizer or ammonium sulfate may improve weed control. Refer to label. Application same as above. Refer to label for rate for specific grass species. Addition of a spray-grade nitrogen fertilizer or ammonium sulfate may further improve weed control. Refer to label. USE ON ROUNDUP READY FLEX AND GLYTOL/LIBERTY LINK VARIETIES ONLY: No restriction on cotton size. Larger cotton may interfere with spray coverage, resulting in reduced weed control. Allowing weeds to compete with cotton for an extended period may reduce cotton yield. Can be mixed with insecticides and PGRs. Air induction nozzles may reduce insecticide efficacy. Consult label for maximum application rates. Consult label for approved formulations. Do not add surfactants or products with surfactants. USE ON ROUNDUP READY FLEX AND GLYTOL/LIBERTY LINK VARIETIES ONLY: No restriction on cotton size. See other cautions above. DO NOT mix with Staple LX. Can be applied in first or second overtop application to provide residual control. Do not use additional surfactant. Check label for approved products. Don t exceed 3.5 pt/a/season USE ON ROUNDUP READY FLEX AND GLYTOL/LIBERTY LINK VARIETIES ONLY: No restriction on cotton size. See comments for glyphosate and pyrithiobac tank-mix. DO NOT mix with any metolachlor product. DO NOT exceed a total of 2 oz pyrithiobac/year. 30 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

32 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT COTTON Active Ingredient and Rate Active Ingredient and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./(see label for use rate by scenario) Liberty (see label for use rate by scenario Broadleaves and grasses. Consult label for rates and size restrictions LIBERTY-LINK AND GLYTOL/LIBERTY LINK VARIETIES ONLY: Apply from cotton emergence to early bloom. Time applications to weed size, not crop stage. Weak on sedges, large goosegrass and signalgrass. Pigweeds may not be effectively controlled if larger than 3-4 inches. Prowl, Dual Magnum, or Staple LX PRE may aid in pigweed control in this system. Do not apply more than 72 or 87 oz/a/season depending on use rate scenario. 70 days to harvest. Do not use air induction lb./(see label for use rate by scenario) lb./a lb./(see label for use rate by scenario) + metolachlor lb./a Liberty 280 (see label for use rate by scenario) + Staple oz/a Liberty 280 (see label for use rate by scenario) + Dual pt/a Most broadleaf weeds and grasses Broadleaves and grasses. Consult label for rates and size restrictions spray tips. Apply in a minimum of 15 GPA. LIBERTY-LINK AND GLYTOL/LIBERTY LINK VARIETIES ONLY: Broadcast to improve pigweed control. Maximum use rate for pyrithiobac is 2 oz/year. LIBERTY-LINK AND GLYTOL/LIBERTY LINK VARIETIES ONLY: See above comments. Apply in a minimum of 15 GPA. Do not use air induction spray tips. DO NOT mix with Staple LX. Apply at cotton emergence to early bloom. Time applications to weed size, not crop stage. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: The following herbicides can be applied singly with a surfactant or in combination MSMA as a directed spray. MSMA use in cotton is limited to two applications per year not to exceed 2 lbs/a each. A 50-foot buffer zone is required around permanent water bodies. Glyphosate 4 and Liberty 280 can also be tank mixed with many of the following products according to label directions. Use glyphosate and Liberty 280 with the appropriate herbicide-resistant cotton variety lb./a Aim oz/a. Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal. Broadleaf weeds Apply after cotton is 12 inches tall. Avoid contact with cotton above the bark layer. Does not control grasses. Do not apply more than 3.25 oz/a/year as a layby or post-direct application. May improve morningglory and sesbania control with glyphosate. pyraflufen lb./a lb./a 0.5 to 2 oz/a. Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100 gal. lb./ Cotoran@ qt/a. Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal. Broadleaf weeds Annual seedling grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply only with hooded spray equipment to plants with less than 3 inch stem bark. May be applied with postdirected equipment to cotton 18 inches in height and with at least 3 inches stem bark. Apply after cotton is 3 inches tall. Two postapplications can be made providing fluometuron was not used pre-application. Make one early postapplication if fluometuron was used before. 31 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

33 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT COTTON Active Ingredient and Rate Active Ingredient and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: 0.19 lb./a Cobra oz/a. Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal lb./a lb./caparol qt/a. Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal. Broadleaf weeds Annual seedling grassy and broadleaf weeds Apply after cotton is 8 inches tall. Apply as a directed spray only. Apply after cotton is 3 inches tall. Directed spray only. If MSMA is added, do not apply after first bloom lb./a lb./a lbs/a lb./a lb./a lb./a LAYBY (one application): lb./a Direx pt/a Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal. Goal pt/a Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal. Reflex pt/a Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal. Linex pt/a. Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal lb./a. Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1gal/100 gal lb./lb./lb./direx 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil Annual seedling grasses and broadleaf weeds less than 3 inches tall and actively growing Annual seedling grassy and broadleaf weeds Broadleaf weeds Annual seedling grassy and broadleaf weeds Select grasses and many broadleaves. Good on sicklepod. Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. Weak on signalgrass and browntop millet. Apply after cotton is 6 inches tall and actively growing. Directed spray only. If MSMA is added, do not apply after first bloom. Apply after cotton is 8 inches tall. Apply as a directed spray. Use low pressure and large droplets. Avoid contact with cotton. Apply after cotton is at least 6 inches tall. May be used as layby or under hooded sprayers. Do not apply Reflex later than 70 days before harvest. Do not apply more than 1.5 pints per acre of Reflex in any year. Avoid spray contact with cotton leaves. May be tank mixed with other products, especially grass herbicides to provide broad spectrum weed control. Apply after cotton is 8 inches tall. Apply as a directed spray only. Apply after cotton is at least 6 inches tall. May be tankmixed with diuron, MSMA, glyphosate or Cobra for improved control of existing grasses. Apply when cotton is at least 15 inches tall to a clean field. Apply with four nozzles per row or one flooding nozzle adjusted to completely cover the row but to keep spray off the cotton plants. Actively growing weeds up to 3 inches tall can be controlled by adding surfactant or COC. 32 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

34 COTTON WEED MANAGEMENT COTTON Active Ingredient and Rate Active Ingredient and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions LAY-BY (one application) continued: lb./a lb./lb./lb./caparol 4L, 2.4 pt/a on light soil 2.8 pt/a on medium soil 3.2 pt/a on heavy soil Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds lb./a 1.0 lb./a lb./a SPOT TREATMENT: 1.0 lb./100 gal water lb./100 gal water 1.0 lb./100 gal of water glyphosate 4-8 lb./100 gal of water ROPE WICK APPLICATIONS: glyphosate 2.0 lb./1.0 gal of water Linex 1 pt/a on light soil 2 pt/a on medium soil 3 pt/a on heavy soil Cotoran, 1.25 lb./a Cotoran or Meturon 1 qt/a 1-2 oz/a Apply with 1qt/100gal. Fusilade 2 qt/100 gal water. Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Select oz/100 gal water Apply with 1qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Poast Plus at 1.0 gal/100 gal water. Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Glyphosate (4 lb./gal gal/ 100 gal of water Glyphosate (4 lb./gal 0.5 gal/1.0 gal of water Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses with fair control of broadleaf weeds Pigweeds, prickly sida, copperleaf, morninglory, sicklepod, cocklebur Johnsongrass Same as above Johnsongrass Grasses or broadleaf weeds johnsongrass Apply when cotton is at least 15 inches tall to a clean field. (Same remarks as for single application of diuron for layby.) Same remarks as for single application of diuron for layby. Use this treatment if fall-seeded crops will be grown. Apply when cotton is at least 15 inches tall to a clean field. (Same remarks as for single application of diuron for lay-by.) Apply post-directed when cotton is at least 16 inches tall and has at least 2 inches of bark. Do not apply more than 2 oz/a/application or more than 4 oz/a/season. Do not use crop oil concentrate, organo-silicant surfactants, or methylated seed oils. Valor will control emerged weeds given sufficient spray coverage. Good residual control of broadleaves with suppression of grasses. Same as above. Apply to rapidly growing grass 1-2 feet tall. Spray to wet. Same as above Same as above. Apply to rapidly growing grass 1-2 feet tall. Spray to wet. Apply to rapidly growing weeds. Thoroughly wet the weed foliage and keep spray off of the crop plants. May be used as a salvage application after 20 percent cracked bolls. Apply when johnsongrass is at least 12 inches taller than crop. The rope wick should remain moist for best results. Repeated applications may be necessary. 1 Refer to the burndown section of this guide for suggestions on managing cool-season weeds. 2 Metolachlor contains a 1:1 ratio of two metolachlor isomers (-R and S). S-metolachlor contains only the S isomer. The S isomer has greater herbicidal activity than the R isomer. On the herbicide label, the R isomer is denoted by metolachlor while the S isomer is denoted by acetamide (s). Alternatively, if the trade names Bicep or Dual include the word Magnum, the S isomer is an active ingredient. If the trade name does not include Magnum, the metolachlor R:-S isomer ratio is 1:1. 3 See Appendix A for glyphosate products and their surfactant requirements. Glyphosate-resistant 33Italian ryegrass, johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth and tall waterhemp LSU have AgCenter been documented publication 1565 in Louisiana.

35 GRAIN SORGHUM WEED MANAGEMENT GRAIN SORGHUM PREPLANT 1 : 0.25 lb./a Clarity or 0.5 pt/a Most broadleaf weeds; see label Apply at least 15 days prior to planting for emerged weeds. Effective for controlling broadleaf weeds which have emerged before planting: henbit, smartweed, etc. If grass is present, mix with glyphosate or paraquat. S-metolachlor lbs./a Dual pt/a Yellow nutsedge, annual grasses, pigweed lb./a Outlook oz/a Yellow nutsedge, annual grasses, pigweed PREEMERGENCE: 2.0 lbs./a S metolachlor lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a 1.3 lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a 90 DF 2.2 lb./lb./a 4L 2 qt/a Reduce rate by 25% on highly erodible soils. Dual II Magnum, Dual Magnum, pt/a on light soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on heavy soil Bicep II Magnum / Cinch 1.6 qt/a on medium soil 2.1 qt/a on heavy soil Lexar 3 qt/a Most annual small-seeded broadleaf weeds and some grasses Most annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Most small-seeded grasses and broadleaf weeds Use with Concep treated grain sorghum seed only. Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches within 14 days of planting If broadleaf weeds emerge, use 2,4-D or atrazine postemergence. Use with Concep treated grain sorghum seed only. Apply up to 45 days preplant. Apply after planting before weeds and crop emerge. Do not apply to soils with less than 1% OM or to soils of lighter texture than silt loams. Only sorghum or corn should be planted within 1 year on soil treated with atrazine. Do not exceed 2.0 lb ai/a/applications or 2.5 lb ai/a/year. Follow the label concerning maximum atrazine rates. Apply after planting before weeds and crop emerge. Do not apply to light soils or any soils with less than 1% organic matter. Use with Concep-treated grain sorghum seed only. Apply after planting before weeds and crop emerge. See comments for atrazine and s-metolachlor. Use Bicep Lite if another atrazine application will be needed at layby. Do not use on coarse textured soils. Use with Concep-treated grain sorghum seed only. Injury can occur if applied when soils are cool and wet during early growth of grain sorghum. Can be applied preplant (up to 21 days before planting) to preemergence. Use with Concep-treated grain sorghum seed only. Do not apply to sand, sandy loam or loamy sand soils. Do not apply to forage sorghum, sweet sorghum, sudangrass or sorghumsudangrass, or dual-purpose sorghum. Postemergence application will cause severe grain sorghum injury. Injury can occur if applied when soils are cool and wet during early growth of grain sorghum. 34 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

36 GRAIN SORGHUM WEED MANAGEMENT GRAIN SORGHUM PREEMERGENCE continued: lb./a lb./a Small-seeded grasses and broadleaf weeds 4-10 oz/a on light soils 6-12 oz/a on medium and heavy soils Can be applied preplant to preemergence. Rates depend upon soil texture. Use with Conce- treated grain sorghum seed only. Postemergence application to grain sorghum will cause severe injury. Injury can occur if applied when soils are cool and wet during early growth of grain sorghum. POSTEMERGENCE: 2,4-D 0.5 lb./a 2,4-D 1.0 pt/a Small broadleaf weeds Apply after sorghum is 4-6 inches tall until flowering. Use directed application taken care to keep 2,4-D out of whorl once sorghum is inches tall. Do not use when sorghum is flowering lbs.//a 90 DF lbs./a 4L 1-2 qt/a Apply with 1gal/100gal Most effective on broadleaf weeds Apply before weeds are 1.5 inches tall and after sorghum is 4-6 inches tall. Weeds larger than 1.5 inches tall may not be killed. Do not apply to sandy loam or lighter soil textures. Preferred application as directed spray but may be applied overtop where sorghum is not under stress. Sorghum should not be grazed within 21 days. Do not exceed 2.5 lb ai/a/season. Follow label restrictions on maximum atrazine rates lb./a Clarity or 0.5 pt/a Most broadleaf weeds; see label Apply at Spike to 15-inch tall sorghum. Optimal timing is 3- to 5-leaf sorghum, when weeds are less than 3 inches tall. Effective for controlling small broadleaf weeds like morningglory, smartweed, etc. Mixing with atrazine adds to residual control (up to 12 inches tall sorghum). Use drop nozzles if sorghum is taller than 8 inches lb./a lb./a lb./a Facet oz/a pt/a atrazine (4L) Apply with 2 pt/a 0.75 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Broadleaf weeds controlled by atrazine plus improved grass control Most broadleaf weeds See comments for atrazine plus crop oil above. Facet L can be applied to grain sorghum from emergence up to 12 inches tall. Apply when weeds are small and actively growing. See label. See crop rotation section on label for precautions about rotational. Do not apply to grain sorghum under stress from moisture or cold weather. Do not apply to sorghum that has been treated with an organophosphate insecticide at planting or within 15 days of postemergence organophosphate insecticide application. 35 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

37 GRAIN SORGHUM WEED MANAGEMENT GRAIN SORGHUM POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a oz/a Selected broadleaves and sedges Apply with 1 gal/100gal or 1 qt/100 gal Apply to sorghum 2-leaf to layby (before grain head emergence). Use only a single application with the total rate not to exceed 1.0 oz/a per season lb./a lb./a Yukon oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100gal Nutsedge, morngingglories, common ragweed Apply to 2-leaf to 15-inch sorghum. Do not exceed 8 oz/a/season lb./a lb./a oz/a Apply with 0.25% v/v Broadleaf weeds Apply from 3-leaf to 30-inch grain sorghum or until flag leaf emerges. Use high rate for morningglory and pigweed control. Weeds must be small for acceptable results. Expect some temporary injury following application. Atrazine should be tank mixed to broaden the weed spectrum. PREHARVEST: lb./a 1.0 oz/a Desiccation of morningglories Apply 3 days prior to harvest. Thorough coverage is essential; use at least 10 GPA. Tank mixture can include sodium chlorate. glyphosate lb./a sodium 6 lbs./a Roundup 22 oz/a 4L 32 oz/a 6 lbs./gal 1 gal/a 5 lbs./gal 1.2 gal/a 3 lbs./gal 2 gal/a Grass and broadleaf weeds, grain sorghum regrowth Desiccation of green vegetation. May be applied prior to harvest after grain sorghum has reached 30% moisture or less. Allow a minimum of 7 days preharvest interval. Not recommended for grain sorghum grown for seed. Consult label. Apply 7-10 days prior to harvest. Follow label directions. Spot treatment for control of johnsongrass and other weeds. Mix 1-2 gal. of Roundup Ultra 4 per 100 gal. of water. Spray weeds to point of drip before grain sorghum heads. Sprayed sorghum and weeds will be killed. Apply with caution to prevent excessive crop injury. 1 Refer to the burndown section of this guide for suggestions on managing cool-season weeds. 2 Dual is manufactured by Syngenta Crop Protection, has been extensively used in corn production and has the common name metolachlor. When metolachlor is manufactured, it contains a 1:1 ratio of two metolachlor isomers; the R and the S isomer. The S isomer has greater herbicidal activity than the R isomer, which allows for a reduction in the amount of S isomer herbicide needed to obtain similar weed control compared to the R isomer herbicide. To differentiate between metolachlor herbicides containing the R or S isomer consult the label under the active ingredients section. The R isomer is denoted by metolachlor while the S isomer is denoted by acetamide (s). Alternatively, according to the Syngenta Crop Protection labels, if the trade names Bicep or Dual include the word Magnum (Dual Magnum, Dual II Magnum, Bicep II Lite Magnum), the S isomer is an active ingredient. If the trade name does not include Magnum, the metolachlor R:-S isomer ratio is 1:1 (Dual II, Bicep II, Bicep Lite II). 3 See Appendix A for glyphosate products and their surfactant requirements. 36 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

38 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 1. Effectiveness of selected preplant and preemergence rice herbicides on certain weeds Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide palmleaf morningglory eclipta barnyardgrass red rice sprangletop signalgrass fall panicum sedge alligatorweed ducksalad redstem hemp sesbania waterhyssop jointvetch smartweed dayflower Texasweed PREPLANT BURNDOWN: 2,4-D FirstShot Gramoxone SL Grandstand LeadOff Permit/Halomax Roundup Sharpen PREPLANT INCORPORATED, PREPLANT, PREEMERGENCE or DELAYED PREEMERGENCE: Bolero PPS Bolero DPRE Clearpath Command Facet PRE (drill-seeded) Newpath PPI/PRE Obey PRE pendimethalin + Facet DPRE pendimethalin DPRE RiceOne Sharpen PRE Annual sedge suppression. 2 With proper water management, refer to Bolero label. 37 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

39 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 2. Effectiveness of selected postemergence rice herbicides on certain weeds Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide palmleaf morningglory eclipta barnyardgrass red rice sprangletop signalgrass fall panicum sedge alligatorweed ducksalad redstem hemp sesbania waterhyssop jointvetch smartweed dayflower Texasweed 2,4-D amine Aim Aim + Grandstand Basagran Beyond Blazer Bolero + propanil Broadhead Clearpath Clincher Facet L Facet L + propanil Grandstand Grasp League Londax Newpath Obey Permit/Halomax Permit Plus Permit/Halomax + Londax propanil propanil + Aim propanil + Londax propanil + Permit/Halomax pendimethalin + Facet pendimethalin + propanil RebelEX Regiment RiceBeaux Ricestar HT Provisia Sharpen Strada Strada PRO LSU AgCenter publication 1565

40 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 2. Effectiveness of selected postemergence rice herbicides on certain weeds Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide palmleaf morningglory eclipta barnyardgrass red rice sprangletop signalgrass fall panicum sedge alligatorweed ducksalad redstem hemp sesbania waterhyssop jointvetch smartweed dayflower Texasweed Strada XT Annual sedge suppression. 2 With proper water management. 3 Weeds must be <4 inches tall. 4 Controlled only when small (< 2 leaf). Table 3. Activity of selective herbicide programs for perennial grass control 1 Herbicide Program Brook paspalum Knotgrass Creeping rivergrass 4 Water paspalum Nealley s sprangletop Command PRE Command PRE fb Clincher Command + Facet PRE Command + Facet PRE 2 fb Clincher Command PRE fb Grasp Facet + pendimethalin DPRE Facet + pendimethalin DPRE fb Clincher Grasp Clincher fb Clincher Newpath fb Beyond Newpath fb Newpath Regiment fb Regiment Ricestar HT fb Ricestar HT propanil Provisia fb Provisia Control rating is based on herbicides applied to small, actively growing plant segments. 2 Ratings taken 2 weeks after application. 3 Ratings taken 1 month after application. 4 Also referred to as perennial barnyardgrass. 39 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

41 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Table 4. Crawfish production and rice herbicides. 2,4-D May be toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Newpath Crawfish production not specifically mentioned. Aim Commercial crawfish not specifically mentioned; however, herbicide is moderately toxic to fish. Obey Do not apply on rice fields in which concurrent crawfish or catfish farming are included in the cultural practices. Basagran Do not use Basagran on rice fields in which the commercial cultivation of crawfish is practiced. propanil Crawfish not specifically mentioned in restrictions. Commercial catfish production prohibited. Beyond Crawfish production not specifically mentioned. Prowl/pendimethalin Crawfish not specifically mentioned. Product may be hazardous to aquatic animals. Bolero Crawfish production not specifically mentioned. Toxic Permit/Halomax Crawfish not specifically mentioned. to shrimp. Broadhead Do not use treated rice fields for aquaculture of Permit Plus Crawfish not specifically mentioned. edible fish and crustaceans (crawfish). Clincher Do not fish or commercially grow fish, shellfish or crustaceans on treated acres during the year of treatment. Provisia Crawfish not specifically mentioned; however, do not allow Provisia rice go to seed in a non-rice year. This includes any fallow or crawfish production fields. Clearpath Do not use treated rice fields for aquaculture of Ultra Blazer Do not harvest crawfish from treated rice areas for Command, RiceOne Duet Facet Grandstand Grasp GraspXtra edible fish and crustaceans (crawfish). Do not apply on rice fields in which concurrent crawfish farming is included in the cultural practices. Do not apply to fields where commercial crawfish farming is practiced. Do not use treated fields for aquaculture of edible fish or crawfish. Do not commercially grow shellfish or crustaceans on treated acres during the year of treatment. Except for crawfish, do not fish or commercially grow fish, shellfish or crustaceans on treated acres during the year of treatment. Do not apply later than three months prior to RebelEX RiceBeaux Ricestar HT Roundup and glyphosate formulations Strada, Strada PRO, Strada XT Storm food. Do not fish or commercially grow fish, shellfish or crustaceans on treated acres during the year of treatment. Applications to fields where catfish/crawfish farming is practiced and draining water from treated fields into areas where catfish farming is practiced is prohibited during 12 months following treatment. Do not use adjacent to catfish/crawfish ponds. Ricestar must not be applied to fields where crawfish are cultured commercially. Crawfish production not mentioned in restrictions. Cannot be applied to areas where surface water is present. Refer to individual glyphosate labels. Crawfish production not specifically mentioned. Do not use Storm on rice fields where commercial crawfish production is practiced. crawfish production. Londax Do not harvest crawfish prior to harvesting rice. Sharpen May be applied to rice fields used for crustaceans, including crawfish production and commercial fish production. 40 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

42 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Active Ingredient 2 and Rate Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions PREPLANT BURNDOWN: lb./a Most broadleaf weeds /lb./a lb./a 1-2 pt of 4 lbs./lb./gal material Gramoxone 2-3 pt/a Apply with 1-2 pt/100 gal 1 pt/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement lbs./a 4 L glyphosate formulations 1-4 pt/a lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a 0.04 lb./a oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. 2 oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. RICE 1 Most annual broadleaf weeds and grasses Good on alligatorweed and other perennial broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses and many broadleaf weeds Curly dock, henbit, smartweed, garlic Annual grass and broadleaf weeds; control or suppression of many sedge species Sedges, hemp sesbania, jointvetch Annual broadleaf and grass weeds and suppression of sedges and aquatics PREPLANT: 4 lbs./a Bolero 40 lbs/a Barnyardgrass, sedges, partial control of red rice 4 lbs./a 4 pt/a Barnyardgrass and annual sedges; partial control of red rice; ducksalad and waterhyssop on silt loam soils Labels differ between application timing and planting. Follow label restrictions regarding application timing and total amount of 2,4-D applied per season. Apply near planting and when weeds are less than 6 inches tall. Especially useful on small red rice immediately before flooding to water-seed. Apply 2 days before establishing a flood. Avoid nontarget drift. Apply 21 days prior to planting. May be useful where 2,4-D use is restricted. Apply 7-14 days prior to planting. For use in reducedtill or no-till rice. Allow 5-7 days between application and flooding for planting. Apply before planting with other burndown products, like glyphosate or paraquat. This is a 24C label that was approved Dec. 5, 2012 and will expire Dec. 5, There is a 60-day recropping restriction for rice with soil ph 6.5 or less at 1.5 oz/a and 90 days at 2 oz/a. Use as part of a preplant or burndown treatment. Safe on soil ph up to 8. May injure rice under certain environmental conditions. Grasses must be less than 2- to 3-leaf. Apply in mixture with glyphosate to broaden weed spectrum. Apply after flooding before seeding into "clear water." Do not disturb field after application. Do not use if fields were cultivated while flooded. Apply immediately after soil preparation and before flooding for water-seeding. Apply to seedbed free of vegetation. Field should be flooded, seeded with presprouted seed, drained to optimize stand and reflooded when seedlings have rooted (within 5 days). 41 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

43 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Active Ingredient 2 and Rate Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions PREEMERGENCE: lb./a Annual grasses lb./a lb./a lb./a 0.04 lb./a DELAYED PREEMERGENCE: lb./a lb.a Command pt/a on light soil pt/a on heavy soil Facet oz/a on light soil 32 oz/a on medium soil 43 oz/a on heavy soil oz/a oz/a on light soil 39 oz/a on medium soil 52 oz/a on heavy soil 2 oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement oz/a 35 oz/a on light soil on medium and heavy soil RICE 1 Barnyardgrass, hemp sesbania, broadleaf signalgrass, morningglory Does not control sprangletop. Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, fall panicum, sprangletop (spp.), elicpta, jointvetch, morningglory Annual broadleaf and grass weeds and suppression of sedges and aquatics Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, sprangletop, and other annual grass weeds 4 lbs./a 4 pt/a Barnyardgrass, sprangletop, annual sedges, suppression of broadleaf weeds lb./a + 1 lb./a 1 lb./a Facet oz/a + pendimethalin pt/a or Prowl 2.1 pt/a pendimethalin pt/a or Prowl 2.1 pt/a Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, sprangletop, morningglory, hemp sesbania, northern jointvetch Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, sprangletop, Apply after planting before rice and weeds have emerged. Consult label before applying by air. Adhere to buffer zone restrictions. Medium-grain varieties may be more sensitive to Command. Drill-seeded rice only. Apply after planting prior to emergence. Do not use on sand or loamy sand. Injury can occur on rice not covered with soil. Rainfall or flushing needed to activate. No more than 43 oz/a/season. Apply 14 days before planting through planting but before weed emergence. If weeds emerged before application, consult label for proper adjuvant. Grasses must be less than 2- to 3-leaf. Refer to label for proper adjuvant. Apply in mixture with glyphosate to broaden weed spectrum. Drill-seeded rice only. Apply 4-9 days after planting to soil that has been sealed by rain or a flush. Drain surface water before application. Rice seed exposed to spray may be severely injured. Rice seed must have imbibed water prior to application. Rainfall or flush required for reactivation. Apply after planting dry-seeded rice once soils have been sealed by rainfall or a flush, but 1-5 days before rice emerges. Don t allow soil to dry and crack. Control usually will not exceed three weeks. Drill-seeded rice only. Apply 4-9 days after planting to soil that has been sealed by rain or a flush. Drain surface water before application. Rice seed exposed to spray may be severely injured. Rice seed must have imbibed water prior to application. Rainfall or flush required for reactivation. Drill-seeded rice only. Apply 4-9 days after planting to soil that has been sealed by rain or a flush. Drain surface water before application. Rice seed exposed to spray may be severely injured. Rice seed must have imbibed water prior to application. Rainfall or flush required for reactivation. 42 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

44 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide RICE 1 Active Ingredient 2 and Rate Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions POSTEMERGENCE: lbs./a 2,4-D ( pt/a Most broadleaf weeds and seedling sedges Apply after rice tillers but before panicle initiation. Best application time is at the rice first green ring at beginning of joint elongation but may be applied up to second green ring. Earlier or later applications may result in rice injury. Rice should have a shallow flood at the time of treatment lb./a Aim 2 1 to 1.6 oz/a Hemp sesbania, red stem, toothcup, palmleaf morningglory, 1- to 2-leaf jointvetch 3 lbs./a + 3 lbs./a lb./a lb./a lb./a 3 pt/a + 3 lbs./a (see propanil label for appropriate amount ) 4 qt/a oz/a pt/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. Annual grasses, some sedges, small broadleaf weeds Barnyardgrass, signalgrass, Hemp sesbania, red stem, toothcup, palmleaf morningglory, hemp sesbania, 1- to 2-leaf jointvetch vetch Redstem, ducksalad, dayflower, some sedges Apply to rice with at least 2-3 leaves and actively growing. Add surfactant only when large weeds are present. Expect injury with high temperatures and humidity. In dry-seeded rice, apply after emergence if soil is wet. If soil is dry, wait until rice has 2-3 leaves. In water-seeded rice, apply after rice has 2 leaves. Treatment will provide residual activity if field is flushed or flooded within 3 days. Do not submerge rice when applying the permanent flood. A prepackaged mixture of quinclorac plus carfentrazone (Aim) for control of broadleaf weeds and grasses. Quinclorac provides residual and postemergence activity and carfentrazone provides postemergence activity. The product is labeled as preplant, preemergence and postemergence to rice. Rice should have 2 leaves before applied postemergence. Apply before weeds exceed labeled heights. Lowering of the flood may be necessary to expose weeds to ensure proper coverage. Refer to label for tank-mix options. 43 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

45 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Command pt/a lb./a lb./a lb./a + 3 lbs./a Impregnate on 150 lbs./a fertilizer oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. Facet oz/a Apply with 2 pt/a Facet 43 oz/a + 3 lbs./a RICE 1 Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signal grass, junglerice, sprangletop, ducksalad Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, fall panicum, junglerice, knotgrass, Sprangletop Barnyardgrass, signalgrass, jointvetch, hemp sesbania Suppression of alligatorweed at the highest rate Same as above plus increased control of sprangletop, some sedges Water-seeded rice only. Apply when rice is pegging and actively growing with 1-2 visible leaves. Allow hours before flushing or establishing a pinpoint flood. Hybrids, medium- and short-grain cultivars may be more sensitive. Apply pre-flood on 1- to 3-leaf grass or post-flood on 1- to 2-tiller grass. Use 13 oz/a when applied early. Use 15 oz/a when applied on larger grasses or perennials. Best activity under saturated soil conditions. Refer to label for approved tank-mixes, additives and adjuvants. In water-seeded rice, apply after the 2-leaf rice stage. In dry-seeded rice, apply after emergence. Does not control sprangletop. After application, flushing may be required for reactivation. For timing, see quinclorac comments above. Follow directions on propanil label for adjuvants lb./a lb./a See propanil label for adjuvant requirement. 1 pt/a Apply with NIS or COC; consult label oz/a Apply with COC or 1 qt/a. Alligatorweed, Texasweed, jointvetch, other broadleaf weeds Sesbania control is improved with propanil; see label. Barnyardgrass, junglerice, ducksalad, annual sedges, small actively growing weeds Little to no control of sprangletop, signalgrass, fall panicum Apply when weeds are small. Rice must be in the 3- to 4-leaf to 1/2-inch internode stage. Weak on ducksalad. Overlapping of swaths may result in rice injury. Do not "dress" ends of field. Two applications per season are allowed. In drill-seeded rice, apply from emergence up to 60 days before harvest. In water-seeded rice, apply from pegging-one-leaf (no exposed roots) up to 60 days before harvest. Consult label for rates used post-flood or on larger weeds. Refer to label for surface irrigation and permanent flood establishment lb./a lb./a Grasp oz Apply with COC or 1 qt/a. Barnyardgrass, junglerice, ducksalad, annual sedges, small actively growing weeds In drill-seeded rice, 2- to 3-leaf to 1/2-inch internode. In water-seeded rice, 3- to 4-leaf to 1/2- inch. Do not apply more than 22 oz/a/year. imazosulfuron@ lb./a oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. Sesbania, ducksalad, nutsedge Apply postemergence. Slight injury can occur on medium- and short-grain rice. 44 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

46 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide RICE 1 POSTEMERGENCE continued: oz/a Londax oz/a Aquatic broadleaf weeds, gooseweed, sedges; suppression of alligatorweed Apply into flood when weeds are small and submerged. Alligatorweed cannot be well established. Control may be reduced under cold water conditions. Londax may be applied impregnated on dry fertilizer. May not 0.6 oz/a lbs./a clomazone lb./a+ quinclorac lb./a Londax 60 1 oz/a + propanil at 3-4 lbs./a See propanil label for adjuvant requirements oz/a 32 oz/a on light soil oz/a on medium soil oz/a on heavy soil Eclipta, gooseweed, palmleaf morningglory, Texasweed, sedges, grasses Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, fall panicum, sprangletop (spp.), elicpta, jointvetch, morningglory control certain populations of ducksalad. Apply before permanent flood. Good for controlling aquatic weeds where 2,4-D cannot be used. Apply postemergence to rice from the 2- to 5-leaf stage. Application will control emerged and provide residual activity lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a lbs./a Consult label for proper adjuvant oz/a Apply with 1qt/A oz/a oz/a oz/a + propanil at 3-4 lbs./a Sedges, hemp sesbania, jointvetch Sedges, hemp sesbania, jointvetch, most aquatic weeds Sedges, hemp sesbania, jointvetch, grasses Apply after rice emergence to 48 days before harvest. Do not use more than 1.34 oz/a/season. Consult label for post-flood applications. See comments for bensulfuron and halosulfuron. Adjuvant required; consult label. Broad-spectrum weed control. Consult label for postflood applications. 3-6 lbs./a oz/a See propanil label for adjuvant requirements. Sold under various trade names qt/a lbs./a Regiment oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. Most annual grasses, some sedges, broadleaf weeds in the seedling stage Barnyardgrass, junglerice, nutsedge, small broadleaf weeds; little to no control of sprangletop, signalgrass, fall panicum Apply to grasses before the 4-leaf stage. Usually within days after seeding. Use 3 lbs. for grass in the 1- to 2-leaf stage; add 1lb for each additional leaf. Use 5-6 lbs. on 5-leaf-tillering grasses; control usually not satisfactory. Consult label for adjuvants requirement. Apply to rice that is at least 3 leaves. Barnyardgrass should be 1-leaf-tillering. Broadleaf weeds should be 1- to 4-leaf stage. Controls large barnyardgrass and junglerice and suppresses some perennial Echinochloa species. 45 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

47 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide POSTEMERGENCE continued: 0.02 lb./a 1 oz/a lb./a lb./a lb./a orthosulfamuron lb./a lb./a penoxulam lb./a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. Strada oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. Strada PRO oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. Strada XT 70WG oz/a. Consult label for adjuvant requirement oz/a RICE 1 Annual broadleaf and grass weeds and suppression of sedges and aquatics Annual sedges, hemp sesbania, jointvetch Annual sedges, rice flatsedge, yellow nutsedge, hemp sesbania, jointvetch Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, morningglory, hemp sesbania, flatsedge, northern jointvetch Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, fall panicum, junglerice, knotgrass, sprangletop, ducksalad, hemp sesbania, annual sedges lb./a Ricestar HT oz/a Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, junglerice, sprangletop lb./a Ultra Blazer pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Hemp sesbania Grasses must be less than 2- to 3-leaf. Refer to label for proper adjuvant. Apply after the 2- to 3-leaf rice stage to actively growing weeds with 1-4 leaves. Strada may be mixed with other herbicides to broaden spectrum. See label. Apply to emerged weeds from prior to rice emergence until after permanent flood establishment. Do not apply past 1/2-inch internode. Apply before or after rain or flushing. Rice seed exposed to spray may be severely injured. Best weed control is obtained if soil surface is smooth and wet, especially on clays. Rice seed exposed to Strada XT may be severely injured. Do not use preemergence in water-seeded rice production. A prepackaged mixture of Clincher plus Grasp. Apply to small actively growing weeds. Grasses should not exceed the 3-leaf stage to avoid antagonism. Field should be wet for maximum Clincher activity; however, plant should be 75% exposed for Grasp activity. Apply 13 oz/a on 1- to 2-leaf grasses and up to 24 oz/a on larger grasses. Activity decreases on grasses with more than 4 leaves. Do not apply more than 30 oz/a per year. Tank-mix with only approved herbicides. See label. Apply after sesbania is above rice plants but before sesbania flowers. Do not apply within 50 days of harvest. Refer to label for tank-mixes. 46 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

48 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE-TOLERANT RICE: to lb./a 4-6 oz/a POST lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a SALVAGE TREATMENT: lb./a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. 0.5 lb./a Consult label for adjuvant requirement. 4-6 oz/a Consult label for adjuvant requirement oz/a Apply with 1% v/v oz/a RICE 1 Red rice, barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, junglerice, sedges, some broadleaf weeds Red rice, hemp sesbania, barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, junglerice, sedges Red rice, barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, junglerice Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, junglerice, red rice, sprangletop, and perennial grass weed, Sedges, hemp sesbania, jointvetch Apply with 1qt/A lb./a Ricestar 24 oz/a Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, junglerice, sprangletop Apply after one application of imazethapyr on rice 4-leaf up to 14 days after PI. Approved for tolerant Clearfield rice cultivars and Clearfield hybrids. Refer to label for approved tank-mixes. Apply preplant up to 7 days prior to planting, preemergence, or postemergence (up to 5- leaf rice if drill-seeded and 2-leaf rice if water-seeded). Refer to label for tank-mixes. Must be preceded or followed by a Newpath or Beyond application. Two applications required. The first application can be lightly incorporated before planting or applied preemergence or at the spike-leaf rice stage. The second application should be applied to 3- to 5-leaf rice or days after the spiking treatment. Beyond can be substituted for second application. Apply oz/a on 1- to 2-leaf grasses and up to 18 oz/a on larger grasses. Do not apply more than 31 oz/a per year. Tank-mix with only approved herbicides. See label. Apply up to 48 days before harvest. Do not use more than 1.34 oz/a/season. Apply to four-leaf tillering grasses. As grass size increases, activity is delayed. 47 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

49 RICE WEED MANAGEMENT ADDITONAL COMMENTS/FOOTNOTES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide RATOON CROP HERBICIDES: *HiDep 2,4-D, Basagran, Grandstand, and Grasp are also labeled for ratoon (stubble) crop rice. See labels for rates and timing of application. 2,4-D Dacamine production has been discontinued, and supply is very limited. 1 Refer to the burndown section of this guide for additional suggestions on managing cool-season weeds. Water-seeded, no-till systems. Research has shown that dense vegetation may be killed effectively with herbicides but stand establishment is difficult because of inadequate soil/seed contact due to mats of dead vegetation. Additional research has shown that soil kept free of vegetation all winter will become compacted, and rice seedlings may have difficulty "pegging" and will tend to drift. 2 Certain populations of barnyardgrass, ducksalad and pickerelweed have become resistant to some traditional herbicides. If this occurs, use alternative herbicides. Contact your local LSU AgCenter county agent for recommendations. Also, refer to the herbicide resistance section of this guide for suggestions on herbicide resistance management. 3 See Appendix A for GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS, FORMULATIONS AND SURFACTANT RECOMMENDATIONS. 48 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

50 Table1. Effectiveness of selected soybean herbicides four weeks after application Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT itchgrass seedling johnsongrass annual grasses red rice :Palmer amaranth prickly sida hemp sesbania morningglory cocklebur sicklepod texasweed redweed jointvetch wild poinsettia hophornbeam copperleaf smellmelon PREEMERGENCE HERBICIDES 1 : Authority Elite / BroadAxe Authority First / Sonic Authority MTZ Authority XL Boundary Canopy EX Canopy DF Command Dual Magnum Envive / Enlite Fierce FirstRate metribuzin Outlook Prefix Prowl/Prowl H2O Pursuit Sharpen Valor Valor XLT Verdict Zidua POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES: Assure II Basagran Classic Cobra FirstRate Reflex/Flexstar/Dawn/Rhythm Flexstar GT Fusilade DX glyphosate 2, glyphosate 2,3 + Classic glyphosate 2,3 + Ultra Blazer LSU AgCenter publication 1565

51 Table1. Effectiveness of selected soybean herbicides four weeks after application Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT itchgrass seedling johnsongrass annual grasses red rice :Palmer amaranth prickly sida hemp sesbania morningglory cocklebur sicklepod texasweed redweed jointvetch wild poinsettia hophornbeam copperleaf smellmelon POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES continued: glyphosate 2,3 + ET glyphosate 2,3 + Prefix glyphosate 2,3 + FirstRate glyphosate 2,3 + Marvel SC glyphosate 2,3 + Reflex/Flexstar glyphosate 2,3 + Resource glyphosate 2,3 + Warrant glyphosate 2,3 + Zidua Liberty 280SL Liberty 280SL 4 + Classic Liberty 280SL 4 + Ultra Blazer Liberty 280SL 4 + FirstRate Liberty 280SL 4 + Flexstar/Rhythm Liberty 280SL 4 + Prefix Liberty 280SL 4 + Resource Poast Plus Pursuit Select Max/others Sequence Storm Ultra Blazer DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES: 2,4-DB paraquat Linex, Lorox Linex or metribuzin + 2,4-DB metribuzin Preemergence herbicides must be activated by rainfall or overhead irrigation. 2 For use only in Roundup Ready varieties. Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass, johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth, and tall waterhemp have been documented in Louisiana. 3 See Appendix A for various glyphosate products. 4 For use only in Liberty Link varieties. 50 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

52 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT SOYBEAN PREPLANT 1 : lb./a Dual pt/a Italian ryegrass; fall treatment Apply to prepared seedbeds between September 1and December 1. Best control is generally observed from late October to mid-november. Will not control emerged ryegrass. Mix with paraquat to control emerged ryegrass. Incorporation will be beneficial if an activating rainfall is not received soon after application. Don t incorporate deeper than 2-3 inches. The maximum combined fall and spring metolachlor rate is 2.54 lb. ai/a lb./a lb./a lb./a 3.5 oz/a or 2.8 oz/a Many winter annuals Apply before planting as part of a burndown program. Consult label for ph, O.M. and recrop restrictions lb./a lb./a Canopy 2 oz/a Many winter annuals Apply before planting as part of a burndown program. Do not apply within 7 days of planting. Consult label for ph, O.M. and recrop restrictions lbs./a Treflan, Trifluralin, Trific, Trilin, Tri pt/a on light soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on heavy soil Most annual grasses, seedling johnsongrass; fair control of some broadleaf weeds Apply before planting and incorporate 2-3 inches deep. Trifluralin can be applied at rates higher than listed to control certain annuals and to suppress rhizome johnsongrass; consult label lbs./a Prowl pt/a on light soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on heavy soil Prowl 1-2 pt/a on light soil 2 pt/a on medium soil 3 pt/a on heavy soil Most annual grasses, seedling johnsongrass; fair control of some broadleaf weeds Before planting, incorporate 2-3 inches deep within 7 days of application if sufficient rainfall has not been received. Highest rates for high organic matter soils. Prowl can be applied at rates higher than listed to control certain annuals and to suppress rhizome johnsongrass; consult label lb./a + pendimethalin OR trifluralin Python oz/a on light soil oz/a on med-heavy soil Rates for pendimethalin or trifluralin are listed above. Most annual grasses, selected broadleaf weeds; provides good horseweed (marestail) control Apply before planting and incorporate 1-3 inches deep. Do not apply to soils with ph above 7.8. Do not rotate with cotton for 18 months or grain sorghum for 12 months following application. See label for other restrictions. See comments for pendimethalin or trifluralin. 51 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

53 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT SOYBEAN PREPLANT 1 continued: lb./a lb./a + pendimethalin OR trifluralin lb./a PREEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Canopy 75 6 oz/a on light soil 8 oz/a on medium soil 10.7 oz/a on heavy soil Rates for pendimethalin or trifluralin are listed above. Command pt/a on light-med. soil 2.67 pt/a on heavy soil oz/a on coarse soils oz/a on medium soils 8-10 oz/a on fine soils Anthem Maxx oz/a on coarse soils oz/a on medium soils 4-5 oz/a on fine soils Morningglories, yellow and purple nutsedge, pigweeds, prickly sida, wild poinsettia and other broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses, some broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses Apply and incorporate up to 30 days before. May also be applied at planting or before emergence. DO NOT apply to emerged crop. Do not apply to land to be rotated to cotton the next year. Soil ph > 7.0 greatly reduces rotational flexibility. Do not use on soils with ph > 7.5. Crop stunting may occur if excessive rainfall occurs after application but before soybean emergence. Consult label. Apply before planting with (1-3 inches deep within 3 hours) or without incorporation. Do not incorporate for itchgrass control. Consult label for rotational restrictions. Apply to the bare soil surface after planting but before weeds emerge. May also be used after corn emergence, consult label. Organic matter influences use rate, consult label lb./a lb./a lb./a Canopy 75 6 oz/a on light soil 8 oz/a on medium soil 10.7 oz/a on heavy soil Exact rate is dependent on soil organic matter %; consult label Outlook oz/a on light soil oz/a on med-heavy soil Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses, red rice, johnsongrass from seed; fair control of some broadleaf weeds lb./a Valor 2 oz/a Broadleaves, some suppression of annual grasses S-metolachlor lbs./a Dual II Magnum, Dual Most annual grasses, red rice, pt/a on light soil johnsongrass from seed; fair control pt/a on medium soil of some broadleaf weeds pt/a on heavy soil Apply at preplant incorporated or surface apply at planting. Do not use postemergence. Follow labeled rotational crop restrictions. Follow sprayer cleanup instructions before spraying subsequent crops. Do not apply to soils with a ph greater than 7.5. Soils with ph of , use 4 oz./a of Canopy 75 DF to reduce potential injury. Do not apply to metribuzin sensitive varieties. Apply after planting before weeds emerge. Apply after planting before weeds emerge. Consult label for tank-mixes to improve grass control. Apply at preplant incorporated, surface apply or preplant. Apply after planting and before weeds emerge. May be incorporated. 52 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

54 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT SOYBEAN PREEMERGENCE continued: metolachlor lbs./a lb./a lb./a lb./a 0.98 lbs./a lb./a lb./a lbs./a lb./a lbs./a Parallel 7.8EC, pt/a on light soil pt/a on medium soil 3.5 oz/a or 2.8 oz/a Boundary pt/a Python oz/a on light soil oz/a on med-heavy soil Dual rates are listed above Sencor/Glory/others 75DF lb./a on medium soil lb./a on heavy soil Prowl 3.3 or pt/a on light soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on heavy soil See comments above. Broadleaf and grass weeds Most annual grasses, selected broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses, selected broadleaf weeds Annual grasses, most broadleaf weeds such as cocklebur, prickly sida, hemp sesbania, wild poinsettia Most annual grasses, johnsongrass from seed; fair control of some broadleaf weeds See comments above for S-metolachlor. Apply before planting. Consult label for ph, organic matter and recrop restrictions to determine whether to use Envive or Enlite. Apply before planting. Ensure soybean variety is tolerant of metribuzin prior to use. Apply at preplant incorporated or surface apply at planting. Consult label for more information on rates and recrop intervals. Apply at planting. Plant seed l 1/2 inches deep. On light soils, organic matter content should be 2% or higher. Best performance expected on river bottom soils and medium to heavy soils in the rice area. High rate for Mississippi Delta clays. Do not apply to sensitive varieties. Sencor is labeled for use on light (sandy) soils to control sicklepod at lb./a active ingredient. Apply at planting. Highest rates for high organic matter soils lbs./a lb./a lb./a + S- metolachlor lbs./a lb./a lb./a Prowl 1-2 pt/a on light soil 2 pt/a on medium soil 3 pt/a on heavy soil Prefix pt/a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Before, during or after crop emergence. Must have rainfall for activation. Excellent choice for pigweed control. Postemergence applications must be applied no Authority Elite OR oz/a on light soil oz/a on medium soil oz/a on heavy soil Authority oz/a on light soil oz/a on medium soil oz/a on heavy soil Annual grasses, annual sedges, broadleaf weeds Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds later than 90 days before harvest. Before, during or after planting, but before crop emergence. Consult label for recropping intervals. Before, during or after planting but before crop emergence. Soybean cultivars may differ in tolerance to Authority MTZ; check label for specific cultivars. 53 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

55 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT SOYBEAN PREEMERGENCE continued: lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./A lb./a Authority 5-7 oz/a on light soil oz/a on medium soil oz/a on heavy soil Authority First OR oz/a oz/a on light soil 2-3 oz/a on medium soil oz/a on heavy soil Annual grass, broadleaf weeds Broadleaf weeds with grass suppression Annual grass, broadleaf weeds Before, during or after planting, but before crop emergence. Consult label for ph, organic matter and recrop restrictions to determine whether to use Authority XL. Before, during or after planting but before crop emergence. Consult label for recropping intervals. May be applied preplant or preemergence. Must have rainfall for activation. Do not apply if soybeans have begun to emerge. Do not apply more than one application per cropping season oz/a Annual grass, broadleaf weeds May be applied preplant or preemergence. Must have rainfall for activation. Do not apply if soybeans have begun to emerge. Do not apply if products containing metolachlor or S-metolachlor or Outlook have been applied preemergence in the same cropping season lb./a lb./a POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a lb./a 5-10 oz/a Annual grass, broadleaf weeds Preplant interval depends upon rate. Soybean can be planted immediately following 5 oz/a, 14 days after 7.5 oz./a and 30 days after 10 oz./a. Do not apply to emerged soybean because severe injury will occur oz/a on coarse soil 5-9 oz/a on medium soil oz/a on fine soil Anthem Maxx oz/a on coarse soils oz/a on medium soils oz/a on fine soils on light soil on medium soil on heavy soil Annual grasses, some broadleaf weeds Annual grass, some broadleaf weeds Apply between V1 and V3 soybean growth stages. Optimum timing is V2-V3. Control of emerged weeds is minimal, thus addition of a labeled postemergence herbicide is required. Organic matter influences use rate on coarse-textured soil, consult label. Apply between V1 and V3 soybean growth stages. Optimum timing is V2-V3. Emerged weeds are not controlled and require addition of a labeled postemergence herbicide lbs./a 1.5 qt/a See label for rate ranges according to soil type and organic matter content. Annual grasses, small-seeded broadleaves Postemergence surface applied from emergence to R2. Optimum timing of application is V2-V3. Emerged weeds are not controlled and require addition of a labeled postemergence herbicide. 54 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

56 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT SOYBEAN POSTEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a Basagran pt/a Apply with 1gal/100gal Cocklebur and prickly sida; fair on other broadleaf weeds Apply after soybean plants have first trifoliate leaves. Add 1 pt. of nonionic surfactant per 50 gal. of water when targeting weeds other than cocklebur lb./a lb./a lbs./a Ultra Blazer pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100gal; see label 1.5 pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100gal; see label Hemp sesbania, most morningglories, smellmelon, pigweed, other broadleaf weeds Hemp sesbania, morningglories, smellmelon, pigweed, prickly sida, cocklebur, other broadleaf weeds Apply when seedling weeds are in 2- to 4-leaf stage and actively growing. Use 1.0 pt./a for hemp sesbania that is actively growing but before flowering. Rate is dependent on weed spectrum and size. Consult label. Maximum rate 0.5 pt./a/application and 2 pt./a/season. Application same as above. Choose most serious weed pest and use the full rate of whichever herbicide is considered most effective plus 1 pt. of the herbicide. Read and follow label instructions. Storm at 1.5 pt./a is equivalent to 1 pt of each herbicide in a tank-mix lb./a 0.016/A 0.06 lb./a lb./a lb./a Classic oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Pursuit 1.44 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Cobra oz/a. Apply with 1 qt/100 gal. Reflex 2L, pt/a Flexstar, Rhythm pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100gal; see label Morningglories, pigweed, sicklepod, hemp sesbania Horseweed (marestail), cocklebur, and morningglories, specifically palmleaf morningglory Annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds Morningglories, cocklebur, pigweeds, prickly sida, ballonvine, smellmellon, copperleaf Morningglories, cocklebur, pigweed, hemp sesbania, suppression of grasses Apply after soybeans have first trifoliate leaves and when weeds have two to six leaves. See label for recrop intervals. Don t apply to soils with a ph higher than 7.5. May tank-mix with glyphosate in Roundup Ready soybeans. Apply before weeds exceed height limitations (generally 2-4 inches tall) and prior to soybeans reaching 50% flowering stage. Application prior to full emergence of first soybean trifoliate may cause temporary chlorosis. May tank-mix with other soybean herbicides, including glyphosate in Roundup Ready soybeans. May reduce grass control when mixed with some grass herbicides. Apply before weeds are 3 inches tall. See comments in preemergence section. See label for recrop intervals. Apply before weeds exceed height limitations. Application may cause moderate burn; however, soybeans normally recover in 10 days without loss of yield. Apply before weeds exceed height limitations. Soybeans are very tolerant to fomesafen. May be mixed with grass herbicides. Injury may be observed under hot, humid conditions. 55 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

57 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT SOYBEAN POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a lb./a Marvel oz/a Apply 0.25% v/v NIS; see label Broadleaf weeds Apply when weeds are 2 inches. Add glyphosate to improve broadleaf control and to provide grass control. Add 0.25 percent v/v of NIS if applied alone lb./a pyraflufen lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a glyphosate lb./a glyphosate lbs./a + S- metolachlor lbs./a Cadet to 0.9 oz/a Apply 0.25% v/v NIS; see label 0.5 to 0.75 oz/a Apply 0.25% v/v NIS; see label Fusilade pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100gal; see label Select oz/a. 2 lbs./gal 6-16 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100gal; see label Poast pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100gal; see label Assure 5-10 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100gal; see label Roundup 22 oz/a 4 lbs./gal 32 oz/a Sequence pt/a OR Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal oz/a + Dual pt/a Morningglories, pigweeds, hemp sesbania Morningglories, pigweeds, hemp sesbania Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Most broadleaf weeds and grasses Most broadleaf weeds and grasses Apply when weeds are 2 inches. Add glyphosate to improve broadleaf control and to provide grass control. Add 0.25% v/v of NIS if applied alone. Apply when weeds are 2-4 inches. Add glyphosate to improve broadleaf control and to provide grass control. Add 0.25% v/v of NIS if applied alone. Expect burning of soybean leaves for seven to 10 days after application. Apply before grasses exceed height recommended for treatment. Use the highest rate for bermudagrass with runners 4-6 inches long. Application to larger grasses or grasses under stress may result in reduced control. Application same as above. Refer to label for rate for specific grass species. Addition of a spray-grade nitrogen fertilizer or ammonium sulfate may further improve weed control. See label. Apply before grasses exceed height recommended for treatment. In general use 0.5 pt./a for annual grasses up to 4 inches tall, 1.5 pt/a for johnsongrass 1-2 feet tall and 2.25 pt./a for bermudagrass with 4- to 6-inch runners. Application to larger grasses or grasses under stress may result in reduced control. Activity may be reduced if mixed with other herbicides. Consult labels for retreatment rates. Apply before grasses exceed height recommended for treatment. Application to larger grasses or grasses growing under stress may result in reduced control. FOR USE IN ROUNDUP READY VARIETIES ONLY. See Herbicide-Tolerant Soybean Varieties on last page of this section for further information. If glyphosate-resistant weed species is present, do not expect control. FOR USE IN ROUNDUP READY VARIETIES ONLY. Apply from soybean cracking to 90 days before soybean harvest. See Herbicide-Tolerant Soybean Varieties on last page of this section for further information. 56 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

58 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT SOYBEAN POSTEMERGENCE continued: glyphosate lbs./a lb./a Flexstar GT pt/a OR Glyphosate (4 lbs./gal qt/a pt/a Most broadleaf weeds and grasses; good option for increased control of morningglory, hemp sesbania, smellmellon FOR USE IN ROUNDUP READY VARIETIES ONLY. See Herbicide-Tolerant Soybean Varieties on last page of this section for further information lb./a lb./a +glyphosate lb./a Synchrony oz/a + Roundup 22 oz/a 4 lbs./gal 32 oz/a Broadleaf and grass weed control 0.4 lb./a Liberty oz/a Most broadleaf weeds; good control of small grasses and pigweed if not taller than 3-inches. Apply only to STS/RR or BOLT soybean varieties. Apply after first trifoliate leaf. See Herbicide-Tolerant Soybean Varieties on last page of this section for further information. FOR USE IN LIBERTY LINK VARIETIES ONLY. Two to three applications and/or the use of residual herbicides are recommended. Make first application 7-10 days after emergence on 2- to 3-inch weeds. Make the second application days later. Make the third application as needed on 2- to 3-inch weeds. Do not exceed 65 oz./a/year. Use residual in burndown or at planting. See Herbicide-Tolerant Soybean Varieties on last page of this section for further information. 0.4 lb./a lb./a DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: 0..2 lb./a Liberty oz/a + Dual 1.0 pt/a Various 1pt/A; consult product labels for correct rate and surfactant requirements, Broadleaf and grass weed herbicide; good option where residual was not used preplant or at planting. Annual morningglory, cocklebur, pigweed, prickly sida FOR USE IN LIBERTY LINK VARIETIES ONLY. Good option when a residual was not used at burndown or at planting. See comments above for Liberty and Dual II Magnum. See Herbicide-Tolerant Soybean Varieties on last page of this section for further information. Apply after soybeans are 8 inches tall. Apply to lower 3 inches of soybean plants as a directed spray. Repeat once if necessary. Do not apply to soybeans showing root rot symptoms lb./a Paraquat (2 lbs./gal oz/a; paraquat (3 lbs./gal oz/a) Surfactant required; consult label Seedling grasses such as seedling johnsongrass, crabgrasses, signalgrass, barnyardgrass, goosegrass Apply when grasses and pigweed are 2-4 inches tall and soybeans are at least 8 inches. Directed Spray Only. Good coverage necessary for control. Soybeans treated topically will be killed. Do not exceed 30 lb. pressure. Do not graze treated areas. Apply low rate to weeds 2 inches tall and higher rate to grasses 2-4 inches tall and pigweeds 2-3 inches tall. Consult the label. 57 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

59 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT SOYBEAN DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Sencor/Glory/numerous other lb./a lb./a lb./a PREHARVEST DESSICANTS: lb./a lb./a Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant or 1% v/v crop oil concentrate Rates as above Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant or 1% v/v crop oil concentrate Aim 1.5 oz/a Add 1% v/v crop oil concentrate 1-2 oz/a Add 1% MSO lb./100 gal AMS lb./a paraquat (2 lb./gal 8-16 oz/a; paraquat (3 lb./gal oz/a sodium 6 lb./a Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant 6 lb./gal 1 gal/a 5 lb./gal 1.2 gal/a 3 lb./gal 2 gal/a Grasses, broadleaf weeds such as cocklebur, dayflower, prickly sida, hemp sesbania and others Grasses and small broadleaf weeds Better on morningglories than pigweed, sicklepod, etc. Morningglories and other broadleaf weeds Desiccation of weeds and soybeans only Desiccation only. Level of weed control is affected by environmental conditions. Apply after soybeans are 8 inches tall and before grasses are 1 inch tall and broadleaf weeds are 3 inches tall. Directed spray only. Spray only the lower quarter to third of soybean plants. Do not apply to sensitive varieties. Higher rate required to control sesbania and prickly sida and to suppress morningglory, spotted spurge and wild poinsettia. Consult the label. Apply after soybeans are 8 inches tall. Directed spray only. Severe injury to soybeans may occur if spray strikes mid- to upper portions of soybean plants. Low rate for smaller weeds, higher rate for larger weeds. Apply after crop has matured and grain has begun to dry down. More effective on annual vines. Do not apply within 3 days of harvest. Apply in 10 gal. by ground, 5 gal. by air. Apply once soybean has reached physiological maturity (all pods and seeds have no green color). Indeterminate varieties: 65% brown pods, more than 70% leaf drop, 30% or less seed moisture. Determinate varieties: more than 50% leaf drop and remaining leaves are yellowing. Preharvest interval is 3 days. Indeterminate varieties: 65% of pods are mature or moisture content is 30% or less. Determinate varieties: 50% leaf drop and remaining leaves are yellow. Some drought-stressed weeds will not be desiccated. Do not graze or harvest for hay. Apply in 20 gal. by ground or 5 gal. by air. Preharvest interval is 15 days. Immature soybeans will be injured. Apply 7-10 days before harvest. Apply in 20 gal. by ground, 5 gal. by air. Check label for environmental conditions most favorable for desiccation. Apply under high temperatures and humidity. 1 Refer to the burndown section of this guide for suggestions on managing cool-season weeds. 2 When metolachlor is manufactured, it contains a 1:1 ratio of two metolachlor isomers; the R and the S isomer. The S isomer has greater herbicidal activity than the R isomer. Alternatively, according to the Syngenta Crop Protection labels, if the trade names include the word Magnum, the S isomer is an active ingredient. If the trade name does not include Magnum, the metolachlor R:-S isomer ratio is 1:1. 3 See Appendix A for glyphosate products and their surfactant requirements. Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass, johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth and tall waterhemp have been documented in Louisiana. 58 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

60 SOYBEAN WEED MANAGEMENT HERBICIDE-TOLERANT SOYBEAN VARIETIES Roundup Ready Soybeans. These varieties are tolerant to overtop applications of glyphosate herbicide. The initial application of glyphosate should be made at 0.7 to 1 lb./a when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. If the first application is made to weeds 5-12 inches tall, increase the glyphosate rate to 1.5 quarts/acre. Numerous formulations of glyphosate are available for use and are shown in Appendix A; therefore, rates may differ depending upon glyphosate formulation used. Additionally, ensure that the formulation is labeled for use in Roundup Ready soybean. Do not apply past first bloom. Consult the product label for use requirements. Remember that the longer the weeds remain in the field, the larger they become and longer they compete with the soybean. Since some morningglories, hemp sesbania, yellow and purple nutsedge and dayflower are not controlled with one application, two applications of glyphosate often are needed. Sequential treatments may be needed, depending upon weed pressure, growing conditions and other factors. If applying glyphosate by air, be extremely careful to prevent off-site target movement. In addition, weeds resistant to glyphosate have been identified in Louisiana; therefore, programs with multiple herbicidal modes of action applied as residual (preemergence and postemergence) in conjunction with glyphosate is a must. Sulfonylurea tolerant soybean (STS) or BOLT. These varieties are tolerant to herbicides such as Classic, Canopy or Synchrony STS (members of the sulfonylurea herbicide family). These varieties allow utilization of the sulfonylurea herbicides in high ph soils in the current crop year and in following crops. Soybean varieties are available that are tolerant to both glyphosate and sulfonylurea herbicides (STS/RR or BOLT varieties). Liberty Link soybean. These varieties are tolerant to overtop applications of Liberty 280 (glufosinate). The initial application of Liberty 280 should be made at 22 oz product/a, 7-10 days after soybean emergence. A sequential application of Liberty 280 should follow days later or to 2- to 4-inch weeds. A maximum of 65 oz product/a/year can be applied. Do not apply past first bloom. Liberty 280 should provide good control of most broadleaf weeds but is weak on grass weeds. For acceptable grass weed control, Liberty 280 should be applied to grasses less than 3 inches tall. The Liberty Link soybean weed control system works very well with a residual herbicide that provides grass control. Metolachlor or S-metolachlor containing products may be tank-mixed with Liberty 280 to provide residual control of some small-seeded broadleaf and grass weeds. Liberty 280SL may also be tank-mixed with Classic, Flexstar, FirstRate, Ultra Blazer, etc. for increased broadleaf weed control in Liberty Link soybean. If Liberty Link soybean are planted in an area with known large grassy weed populations, a graminicide such Select Max, Fusilade, etc. should be budgeted to control late-season grass problems. Xtend soybean. These varieties are resistant to applications of dicamba and glyphosate. Data required for suggested use of this technology has not been collected by LSU AgCenter weed scientists. Therefore, herbicides associated with Xtend soybean will not be added. However, investigation of weed management programs in Xtend soybean are underway. Once data indicates whether or not Xtend soybean are feasible for Louisiana soybean producers, a LSU AgCenter Extension Bulletin will be published with this information. 59 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

61 Table 1. Effectiveness of selected small grain herbicides four weeks after application Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide SMALL GRAINS WEED MANAGEMENT annual bluegrass annual ryegrass canarygrass little barley wild garlic wild onion henbit curly dock swinecress vetch buttercup Shepherd's-purse bittercress cutleaf eveningprimrose chickweed PREPLANT: Finesse Sharpen PREEMERGENCE: Finesse POSTEMERGENCE: Anthem Flex Zidua ,4 D dicamba plus 2,4-D Harmony Extra Hoelon metribuzin Osprey Axial Powerflex HL Prowl H2O Finesse Not all small-grain herbicides are listed. Not all the herbicides or their use pattern is labeled or safe on all small grains. Following is a summary of which crop/use pattern labeled on small grains grown in Louisiana: Wheat: All herbicides listed are labeled. Barely: Do not use Osprey or Powerflex at any time or Finesse preplant or preemergence. Oats: Only 2, 4-D and Harmony Extra are labeled. Rye: Only 2, 4-D is labeled. 2Prowl H2O will not control emerged weeds. Apply after wheat emerges but before weeds emerge. Use as a residual component with post-emergence herbicides. 3Will not control ACCase resistant ryegrass. 4This rating is based on fall applications made to wheat with 2-3 leaves before ryegrass emerges. Later applications are not effective. 5Will not control ALS-resistant ryegrass. 6Not listed on the label, but fall applications have controlled small bluegrass in Louisiana. Spring applications do not consistently control bluegrass. 7Expect regrowth 4-6 weeks after application; follow up applications of 2,4-D or Harmony are usually required. 60 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

62 SMALL GRAINS WEED MANAGEMENT Table 2. Control strategies for selected weeds. 1 Weed Problem Suggested Management Strategies General weed control The best weed control and wheat yields are observed when weeds are managed in the fall. Fields should be treated with glyphosate or paraquat prior to or at planting to ensure wheat emerges before weeds. Ryegrass Two applications are usually required to manage ryegrass. The first application should be applied in the fall, and the second application should be applied in the winter (January or February). Metribuzin, Finesse, Osprey, Powerflex, Anthem Flex and Zidua are good choices for managing ryegrass in the fall. Metribuzin must be applied at the 2- to 3-leaf wheat stage before ryegrass emerges. To control ryegrass, Finesse should be applied preplant or pre-emergence before wheat and ryegrass emerge. When using Finesse, fields must be fallowed or planted to STS soybeans. Powerflex and Osprey should be applied post-emergence when ryegrass reaches the 2- to 3-leaf stage. Finesse, Powerflex and Osprey will not control ALS resistant ryegrass. Anthem Flex and Zidua have to be applied as a delayed pre-emergence following 80% wheat emergence. Hoelon and Axial XL are the best choices for managing ryegrass in January or February. Hoelon will not control ACCase-resistant ryegrass or ryegrass that has tillered. Axial has been the most consistent herbicide for managing ryegrass in February. vetch Two applications are often required to manage severe infestations. Powerflex and Harmony Extra can be used in the fall for control. In most situations, Powerflex in the fall followed by Harmony Extra in January or February is the best control strategy. 2,4-D can also be used after wheat has finished tillering and before jointing. little barley Start clean and apply metribuzin as soon as wheat reaches the 2- to 3-leaf stage. A second application may be required after wheat begins to tiller. Osprey, Powerflex and Axial may provide some suppression but will not control little barley. 1See next section for more information regarding specific herbicides. Labels and recommendations may change. Always consult the label before using suggested herbicides. 61 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

63 SMALL GRAINS WEED MANAGEMENT SMALL GRAINS (Wheat, Barley, Oats, Rye) 1 PREPLANT: lb./a lb./a 0.4 oz/a Most common broadleaf weeds and annual bluegrass. Suppresses ryegrass. Wheat only: Apply before planting. Drill wheat at least 1 inch deep or injury may occur. Do not use if wheat will be broadcast-seeded. Can be mixed with glyphosate to control emerged weeds. Extremely long rotation interval for most crops grown in Louisiana. STS soybeans can be grown 6 months after application; all other crops can be grown 18 months after application. Do not use an organophosphate insecticide within 60 days of application. Can be applied in a liquid nitrogen solution. No grazing restrictions lb./a 1-2 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal lb./lb./100 gal Small, actively growing broadleaf weeds and pre-emergence activity on broadleaf weeds Wheat, Barley, Oats: Rainfall required for this herbicide as a pre-emergence treatment. Use only with drill-planting method. Consult label for recropping restrictions and grazing restrictions. PREEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a 0.5 oz/a Most common broadleaf weeds and annual bluegrass. Suppresses ryegrass. Wheat only: See comments on preplant section. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Anthem oz/a on light soil oz/a on medium soil oz/a on heavy soil Annual bluegrass, ryegrass, other small-seeded broadleaf weeds Do not apply until 80% of the wheat has germinated and the shoot is at least 1/2 inch tall. Do not apply seed wheat deeper than 1.5 inches, but seed at least 1 inch deep. Excessive rainfall or poor environmental conditions after application can lead to injury. Do not apply to broadcast seeded wheat lb./a 1-2 oz/a Annual bluegrass, ryegrass, other small-seeded broadleaf weeds Do not apply until 80% of the wheat has germinated and the shoot is at least 1/2 inch tall. Do not apply seed wheat deeper than 1.5 inches, but seed at least 1 inch deep. Excessive rainfall after application or poor environmental conditions can lead to injury. Do not apply to broadcast seeded wheat. 62 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

64 SMALL GRAINS WEED MANAGEMENT SMALL GRAINS (Wheat, Barley, Oats, Rye) 1 POSTEMERGENCE continued: 2,4-D lb./a 2,4-D lb./a 2,4-D lb./a Dock, plantain, mustard and other broadleaf weeds, plus winter peas and vetch lb./a + 2,4-D 1 lb./a pt/a* pt/a* 6-13 oz/a pt/a * Based on 4 lbs./gal product. See product labels for correct rate. 4 oz/a + 2,4-D 2.0 pt/a Wild onion or wild garlic. Use highest labeled rate. Control will not be complete, but aerial bulblet formation will be reduced. Less effective on wild garlic than on wild onion. Most broadleaf weeds, winter peas, vetch. More effective on wild onion and wild garlic than 2,4-D alone lb./a Harmony Extra Wild garlic and many broadleaf oz/a weeds. Use 0.75 to 0.9 oz/a for lb./a oz/a wild garlic. Does not control wild Apply with 1-2 pt/100 gal onion lbs./a pt/a Annual ryegrass. Does not control annual bluegrass. Application timing and grazing restrictions may vary; always refer to the label. Most labels allow applications after the onset of tillering. Applications are safest after 2-3 tillers have formed. Do not apply at panicle initiation, panicle differentiation, boot or heading stages. Panicle initiation and differentiation occur around the time the first internode is 0.5 inches long. Choose sunny days for making the application. LVE formulation is more compatible with nitrogen solutions. Do not graze or feed forage from treated fields within 2 weeks after treatment. Do not exceed these rates, or severe injury may occur. If used on oats or rye, make application only after tillering is complete and before jointing. Wheat, Barley: Do not use unless potential injury is acceptable. Application timing same as for 2,4-D, except that this combination may not be used after jointing. Wheat, Barley, Oats: Apply after the 2-leaf stage but before the flag leaf emerges. Do not use with nitrogen. Wheat, Barley: Apply pts/a to ryegrass from emergence until the 2-leaf stage. Use 2.66 to 3.33 pt/a from the 3-leaf stage to tillering. Do not mix with other herbicides lb./a 2-3 oz./a Annual bluegrass, henbit, chickweed Wheat, Barley: Apply between the 2-leaf and 2-tiller crop stage before weeds emerge. Injury may occur when applications are made to waterlogged soils. Some varieties may be sensitive to metribuzin. Do not use if wheat has been broadcast-seeded. mesosulfuron-methyl lb./a 4.75 oz./a Apply with 1.5 pt/a Annual bluegrass, limited broadleaf weed control Good control of non-als-resistant ryegrass. Wheat only: Apply when ryegrass is in the 1-leaf to 2- tiller stage. Can be applied from wheat emergence to jointing. Best results are obtained if applications are made before ryegrass tillers. Some transient leaf burn may occur if applied with nitrogen fertilizers. Can be tank-mixed with some broadleaf herbicides, insecticides and fungicides; consult label. See label for rotation intervals. 63 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

65 SMALL GRAINS WEED MANAGEMENT SMALL GRAINS (Wheat, Barley, Oats, Rye) 1 POSTEMERGENCE continued: Axial 16.4 oz/a Ryegrass Will not kill Hoelon resistant ryegrass. Does not control annual bluegrass. Wheat and Barley: Apply between the 2-leaf and preboot stage. For optimum control, apply prior to the 3-tiller stage of ryegrass. Can be tank-mixed with some broadleaf herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. Consult label for approved pesticides. Do not graze within 30 days of application or harvest within 60 days of application. Straw can be fed to livestock 60 days after application. Rotation restrictions: 0 days wheat and Barley; 30 days leafy and root crops; 120 days lb. ai/a Powerflex 2 oz/a Apply with 0.25 to 0.5 % v/v plus 1 to 2 qt/a UAN or 1.5 to 3 lbs./a AMS; 1 to 1.25 % v/v; or 1% v/v. 0.7 to 1.4 lbs. ai/a Prowl H20: Coarse soil -1 to 2 pts/a Medium soil 1.5 to 3 pts/a Fine soil- 2 to 3 pts/a In most situations use 1.5, 2.1, or 2.6 pts/a coarse, medium or heavy soil, respectively. Most common broadleaf weeds, including vetch. Good annual bluegrass control when applied in the fall. Excellent control of non- ALS resistant ryegrass. Residual/pre-emergence control of many broadleaf weeds and annual grasses. Suppresses ryegrass. all other crops. Wheat only. Apply anytime between the 3-leaf stage and jointing. Best results obtained when applied in the fall to actively growing weeds. COC or MSO may be required with spring applications, large weeds or under poor growing conditions. COC and MSO increase the risk of injury. Do not apply liquid fertilizer within 7 days of an application. Do not graze within 7 days or cut hay within 28 days of an application. Do not apply organophosphate insecticides within 5 days of an application. Cotton, soybean, grain sorghum and sunflowers can be planted 3 months after application. Corn can be planted 9 months after application. The rotation interval for rice and sweet potatoes is 12 months. Wheat only. Apply after wheat reaches the 1-leaf stage until flag leaf emergence. Wheat should be planted 0.5 to 1 inch deep. Must be applied before weeds emerge. May be applied with any herbicide labeled for wheat. Applications before wheat emerges may result in severe stand reductions. Do not harvest hay or forage within 28 or 11 days of application, respectively. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. 64 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

66 SMALL GRAINS WEED MANAGEMENT SMALL GRAINS (Wheat, Barley, Oats and Rye) 1 POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb ai/a lb ai/a 0.4 oz/a Apply with 1-2 pt/a Most common broadleaf weeds and annual bluegrass. Suppresses ryegrass. Wheat, Barley: Apply anytime between the 1-leaf and boot stage. Do not apply in any boot or heading stage. Extremely long rotation interval for most crops grown in Louisiana. STS soybeans can be grown 6 months after application; all other crops can be grown 18 months after application. Do not use an organophosphate insecticide within 60 days of application. Can be applied in a liquid nitrogen solution. No grazing restrictions. 1 Not all small grain herbicides are listed. Not all the herbicides or their use patterns are labeled for or safe on all small grains. Following is a summary of which crop/use pattern labeled on small grains grown in Louisiana. Wheat: all herbicides listed are labeled. Barely: do not use Osprey or Powerflex at anytime or Finesse preplant or pre-emergence. Oats: only 2, 4-D and Harmony Extra are labeled. Rye: only 2, 4-D is labeled. 65 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

67 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT The Sugarcane Weed Management Guide is prepared by Dr. Al Orgeron, Area Pest Management Specialist, LSU AgCenter, Hammond, La, and Dr. Douglas Spaunhorst, USDA- ARS, Sugar Research Unit, Houma, La. The sections in the guide are in chronological order based on the sugarcane growing season from planting through harvest. Also included are sections on fallow and ditchbank weed control. For additional information concerning herbicides listed in this weed guide, consult the herbicide label. Expected weed control with sugarcane herbicides is provided in Table 1. A listing of various herbicides by common name and trade name is included in Table 2. Provided in Table 3 is a listing of glyphosate products with surfactant recommendations. Information related to weed management programs for crops grown in Louisiana can be found at Rates for herbicides are expressed on a broadcast basis. To calculate band rate, for liquid and dry formulations, use this formula: Band width in inches X Broadcast RATE = Band RATE Row width in inches per acre per acre AT-PLANTING WEED CONTROL (AUGUST/SEPTEMBER) Herbicides may be applied on a band to the top of the row or broadcast. A broadcast application will help reduce weed encroachment from the row middles. Herbicide should be applied immediately after the row has been rolled or packed. When rainfall of about 1 half-inch is received within 10 days after herbicide application, residual weed control can be expected for about 60 days. A follow-up herbicide application about 60 days after planting can extend the control of summer weeds and also can provide residual control of winter weeds, resulting in cleaner beds in spring. See At-Planting Pre-emergence Split Application Programs and Post-emergence Weed Control (September-November) sections. Herbicide programs described in this section also can be used in sugarcane harvested for seed and in sugarcane harvested early during grinding. Active Ingredient and Rate Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled (See Table 1) Remarks and Precautions AT-PLANTING PREEMERGENCE (AUGUST/SEPTEMBER): lbs./a Atrazine/others (See Table 2) qt/a lbs./a sulfentrazone plus Authority MTZ lb./a lb./lb./a oz./a Annual summer and winter broadleaf weeds Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds and nutsedge lb./a Callisto oz../a Annual summer and winter broadleaf weeds lbs./a plus 2.5 lbs./a lbs./a plus 0.75 lb./a Command pt/a plus Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) 4L at 2.5 qt/a Command pt/a plus Metribuzin/others (See Table 2) 1.0 lb./a Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses; bermudagrass suppression Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses; bermudagrass suppression Use higher rate on heavy soils and when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Use higher rate on heavy soils and soils with organic matter higher than 2 percent. At the highest rate of 33 oz./a the amount of metribuzin in Authority MTZ is not sufficient to provide grass control. A 16 oz.. rate of Authority MTZ contains 0.27 lb of metribuzin; A 33 oz.. rate of Authority MTZ contains lb of metribuzin. Use higher rate on heavy soils or when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Use higher rate on heavy soils and when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Bleaching can occur when sugarcane has less than 2 inches of soil cover. Use higher rate on heavy soils and when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Bleaching can occur when sugarcane has less than 2 inches of soil cover. 66 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

68 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT Active Ingredient and Rate Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled (See Table 1) Remarks and Precautions AT-PLANTING PREEMERGENCE (AUGUST/SEPTEMBER): lbs./a Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) qt/a lbs./a lbs./a Metribuzin/others (See Table 2) lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a Prowl/Prowl H2O/others (See Table 2) qt/a qt/a Sinbar lbs./a (1.0 lb./a on very sandy soils) Broadleaf weeds Seedling johnsongrass and other annual grass and broadleaf weeds Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses Seedling johnsongrass and other grass and broadleaf weeds; bermudagrass suppression Use higher rate on heavy soils and when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Safe to sugarcane on all soil types. Use higher rate on heavy soils and when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Can provide bermudagrass suppression at higher rates. Addition of pendimethalin can improve control of browntop millet and itchgrass. May be applied to the soil surface or incorporated. Use higher rate on heavy soils. Should be applied with other herbicides for broadleaf weed control. Addition of metribuzin can improve control of bermudagrass. Use higher rate on heavy soils and when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Addition of pendimethalin can improve control of browntop millet and itchgrass lb./a Spartan oz../a Broadleaf weeds and nutsedge Use higher rate on heavy soils and when sugarcane is planted prior to early September lb./a plus lb./a lbs./a Spartan Charge oz./a Treflan/Trifluralin/others (See Table 2) qt/a Broadleaf weeds and nutsedge Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses; bermudagrass suppression Use higher rate on heavy soils and when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Roll or pack rows and incorporate herbicide within 24 hours after application. Avoid incorporation at a depth that will damage seed pieces. Other herbicides should be applied to the soil surface for broadleaf weed control lb./a Valor SX oz./a Annual broadleaf weeds Use higher rate on heavy soils or when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Do not apply after sugarcane emergence. 0.5 lb./a plus 2.5 lbs./a 0.5 lb./a plus 1.5 lbs./a Velpar 1.0 qt/a or Velossa 1.6 pt/a plus Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) 4L at 2.5 qt/a Velpar 2L at 1.0 qt/a or Velossa 1.6 pt/a plus Metribuzin/others (See Table 2) 2.0 lb./a Seedling johnsongrass, browntop millet and other annual grass and broadleaf weeds; bermudagrass suppression Seedling johnsongrass, browntop millet and other annual grass and broadleaf weeds; bermudagrass suppression Apply before sugarcane emerges. Application to coarsetextured soils that are low in organic matter may result in sugarcane chlorosis (yellowing) and stunting. Apply before sugarcane emerges. Application to coarsetextured soils that are low in organic matter may result in sugarcane chlorosis (yellowing) and stunting. 67 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

69 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT AT-PLANTING PRE-EMERGENCE SPLIT APPLICATION PROGRAMS A split-application program with herbicide applied at planting and around 60 days later will provide extended residual control of bermudagrass, johnsongrass and itchgrass. In some cases where split-application programs are used, beds in the spring are essentially free of winter weeds. Programs that can be successful in suppressing bermudagrass include: Command at 3.3 pt/a plus Diuron/Direx/others at 2.5 qt/a at planting followed 60 days later by Metribuzin/others at 1.5 lbs. /A Command at 3.3 pt/a plus Metribuzin/others at 1.0 lb./a at planting followed 60 days later by Metribuzin/others at 1.5 lbs. /A Metribuzin/others at 2 to 3 lbs. /A at planting followed 60 days later by Metribuzin/others at 1.5 lbs. /A Velpar at 1 qt/a or Velossa at 1.6 pt/a plus Diuron/Direx/others at 2.5 qt/a at planting followed 60 days later by Metribuzin/others at 1.5 lbs. /A Velpar at 1 qt/a or Velossa at 1.6 pt/a plus Metribuzin/others at 1.0 lb. /A at planting followed 60 days later by Metribuzin/others at 1.5 lb./a Treflan/Trifluralin/others at 1.5 to 2 qt/a and incorporated at planting followed 60 days later by Metribuzin/others at 1.5 lbs./a Another option for bermudagrass would be to apply herbicide at planting on a band and sink the middles prior to the follow-up application. This program will reduce cost up front but will require an additional tillage operation and favorable weather conditions. If tillage cannot be performed, encroachment of bermudagrass from the row middles can result in a severe weed problem the following year. WEED CONTOL IN SUGARCANE HARVESTED FOR SEED AND IN SUCCESSION-PLANTED SUGARCANE Although shading from the crop canopy will suppress growth of weeds, once sugarcane is harvested for seed, bermudagrass will rapidly initiate new growth. Any of the herbicide programs listed for use at planting can also be used in fields where sugarcane was harvested for seed or where sugarcane was harvested early and delivered to the mill. Herbicides listed for use at planting may also be used when sugarcane is succession planted. Rates may be reduced slightly (25 percent) due to the later planting date and to minimize the chance of sugarcane injury. RESIDUAL CONTROL OF WINTER WEEDS (OCTOBER/NOVEMBER) For residual control of winter grass and broadleaf weeds apply Atrazine/others, Diuron/Direx/others, Velpar plus Diuron/Direx/others, Metribuzin/others, or Sinbar in October/November to early harvested sugarcane, newly planted sugarcane, or sugarcane harvested for seed. Herbicide rates specified in the At-Planting Weed Control (August/September) section can be reduced by 25 percent for November applications. Where a follow-up application is being made, selecting a herbicide other than the one previously applied should be considered to reduce risk of crop injury and development of herbicide resistant weeds. If weeds are present, nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal should be added to the spray solution. POSTEMERGENCE WEED CONTROL (SEPTEMBER-NOVEMBER) Johnsongrass and itchgrass (September/October): In early planted sugarcane or in sugarcane harvested for seed, johnsongrass may reinfest fields prior to winter. When applied in October to actively growing johnsongrass 12 to 18 inches tall, Asulox/Asulam 3.3L at 3 qt/a or Envoke 75WG at 0.2 oz./a plus Asulox/Asulam (See Table 2 Glossary of Herbicides) at 2 qt/a plus nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 4 qt/100 gal of water has controlled johnsongrass and reduced reinfestation the following spring. Asulox/Asulam alone and with Envoke also controls large itchgrass (more than 6 inches). For additional information on Asulox/Asulam and Envoke see the Post-emergence Weed Control - Johnsongrass and Other Grasses (March/April) section. Purple and Yellow Nutsedge (September/October): To control purple and yellow nutsedge 4 to 12 inches in height in early planted sugarcane apply Permit/others 75WDG (See Table 2 Glossary of Herbicides) at 1.0 to 1.33 oz./a with nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 4 qt/100 gal of water. To control 2-to-6-inch yellow nutsedge or to suppress 2-to-4-inch purple nutsedge, apply Envoke 75 WG at 0.2 oz./a with nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 4 qt/100 gal of water. The higher rate of Permit/others is needed when nutsedge is large and the population is dense. For best results herbicide application should be made before nutsedge is 6 inches tall. If application is delayed until nutsedge forms a dense mat on the soil surface, a sizeable tuber population will have developed underground and control will be reduced. Activity of both Permit/others and Envoke is slow and four weeks may be needed to maximize control. Sugarcane is very tolerant to overtop application of Permit/others. No more than three applications of Permit/others can be made per year and no more than 2.33 oz. should be applied per acre per year. 68 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

70 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT Envoke can cause some yellowing and white banding on sugarcane leaves as well as slight stunting, but sugarcane growth and emergence in spring has not been affected. Envoke will also provide some residual control of winter weeds. Other herbicides may be applied with Permit/others or Envoke for additional weed control. For additional information on Permit/others and Envoke see the Post-emergence Weed Control - Purple and Yellow Nutsedge (March/April) section. Yukon, a 67.5 percent WDG premix of halosulfuron (the active ingredient in Permit/others), and dicamba (the active ingredient in Clarity/Vision) can provide control of both nutsedge and broadleaf weeds. For Yukon, a 4 oz./a rate is equivalent to 0.67 oz./a Permit 75 WDG and 4.5 oz./a Clarity/Vision 4L; a 6 oz./a rate is equivalent to 1 oz./a Permit and 6.6 oz./a Clarity/Vision; and a 8 oz./a rate is equivalent to 1.3 oz./a Permit and 9.0 oz./a Clarity/Vision. Bermudagrass (September-November): Shielded application of glyphosate to row sides and middles after planting or early harvest has provided good to excellent control of emerged bermudagrass (See Table 3 Glyphosate Products). Apply 2 to 3 qt/a of the 4 lbs. ai/gallon formulation or equivalent rate based on active ingredient in 5 to 20 gal of water per acre as a shielded application. Information on glyphosate can be found in the Fallow Weed Control section. Severe injury will occur if glyphosate comes in contact with sugarcane foliage. Armezon (September-November): In early planted sugarcane or in sugarcane harvested for seed, bermudagrass may infest fields prior to winter. When applied to actively growing bermudagrass, Armezon 2.8 SC at 1 to 2 oz./a plus methylated seed oil or crop oil concentrate at 4 qt/100 gal of water plus approved nitrogen fertilizers has shown to suppress bermudagrass and may result in fewer bermudagrass stolons in spring. Broadleaf Weeds (September-November): Apply Weedmaster/Brash/others 3.8L at 0.5 to 1 qt/a, 2,4-D 3.8L at 0.5 to 1.5 qt/a, Unison 1.74L at 24 to 64 oz./a,clarity/vision/others 4L at 0.5 to 1.0 pt/a, or Engenia 5L at 6.4 to 12.8 oz./a when air temperature is above 65 degrees (See Table 2 Glossary of Herbicides). Additional information related to these herbicides is provided in the After Layby Weed Control (July-Harvest) section. 2,4-D Formulations: Acid, amine salt and ester formulations of 2,4-D are available (See Table 2 Glossary of Herbicides). Since only the acid form of 2,4-D is active in controlling weeds, the herbicide concentration on the label is provided in pounds of ae (acid equivalent) per gal instead of pounds of ai (active ingredient) per gal, as is the case with most other herbicides. Amine salt and ester formulations of 2,4-D range from 3.8 to 5.6 lbs. ae/gal. These numbers are important in determining the amount of formulated product to apply per acre. The lower the pounds of ae/gal the more formulated product required. For example, a 32 fluid oz. rate (1 qt/a) of a 3.8L formulation would correspond to 21.7 oz. for a 5.6L formulation. Unison is an acid formulation of 2,4-D and contains 1.74 lbs. ae/gal. The rate range for Unison is 24 to 64 oz./a and rate, like other formulations, is dependent on weed spectrum, density and size. Unison is less volatile (susceptible to changing from a liquid to a gas where off-target movement can occur) than other 2,4-D formulations. Caution should be used anytime 2,4-D is applied near sensitive plants regardless of formulation. POSTEMERGENCE WEED CONTROL WINTER WEED CONTROL (JANUARY-MARCH) Broadleaf Weeds: Apply Weedmaster/Brash/others 3.8L at 0.5 to 1.0 qt/a, 2,4-D 3.8L at 0.5 to 1.5 qt/a, Unison 1.74L at 24 to 64 oz./a, Clarity/Vision/others 4L at 0.5 to 1.0 pt/a, or Engenia 5L at 6.4 to 12.8 oz./a after broadleaf weeds have emerged and when air temperature is above 65 F (See Table 2 Glossary of Herbicides). The higher rate should be used when broadleaf weeds are large and clover or vetch is present. Information related to these herbicides and 2,4-D formulations is provided in the After Layby Weed Control (July-Harvest) section. Atrazine/others, Diuron/Direx/others, Velpar plus Diuron/Direx/others, Metribuzin/others, or Valor (prior to sugarcane emergence) may be added to improve post-emergence weed control and to provide soil residual activity. Grass and Broadleaf Weeds: Gramoxone SL 2L at 3 pt/a or Paraquat/others 3L (See Table 2 Glossary of Herbicides) at 2 pt/a plus nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal can be applied to sugarcane with no more than 4 leaves to control ryegrass, rescuegrass, timothy grass and winter annual bluegrass as well as some broadleaf weeds. Atrazine/others, Diuron/Direx/others, Velpar plus Diuron/Direx/others, Metribuzin/others, or Valor (prior to sugarcane emergence) may be added to improve burndown and provide soil residual activity. Gramoxone SL/Paraquat/others can also be applied with Weedmaster/Brash/others, 2,4-D, or Clarity/Vision/others. Annual bluegrass can be controlled with Diuron/Direx/others 4L at 2.5 lbs./a, Velpar 2L at 0.8 qt/a plus Diuron/Direx/others 4L at 1.4 qt/a, Metribuzin/others at 1.33 lbs./a, or Sinbar at 1.25 lbs./a plus a nonionic surfactant or crop oil concentrate. If herbicides with soil residual activity are applied prior to March 1, schedule layby cultivation and herbicide application earlier than normal to avoid weed reinfestation. Selection of a herbicide other than the one previously applied should be considered to reduce risk of crop injury and development of herbicide resistant weeds. 69 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

71 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT SPRING WEED CONTROL (FEBRUARY/MARCH) Herbicide programs should be implemented in February or March after residue from the previous harvest has been removed. If weeds are present, nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal should be added to the spray solution. In most cases herbicide is banded on the top of the row following cultivation of the row sides and middles. If winter broadleaf weeds are present Weedmaster/Brash/others 3.8L at 0.5 to 1.0 qt/a, 2,4-D 3.8L at 0.5 to 1.5 qt/a, Unison 1.74L at 24 to 64 oz./a, or Clarity/Vision/others 4L at 0.5 to 1.0 pt/a can be added (See Table 2 Glossary of Herbicides). The higher rate should be used when broadleaf weeds are large and clover or vetch is present. PREEMERGENCE (FEBRUARY/MARCH): lbs./a Atrazine/others (See Table 2) Seedling broadleaf weeds Use higher rate on heavy soils. 2-4 qt/a lbs./a 0.09lb./A Callisto 3 oz./a Seedling broadleaf weeds Addition of atrazine can improve broadleaf weed control lb./a plus lb./a Callisto oz./a Seedling broadleaf weeds Use higher rate on heavy soils lbs./a plus 2.5 lbs./a lbs./a plus 0.75 lb./a Command pt/a plus Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) 4L at 2.5 qt/a Command pt/a plus Metribuzin/others (See Table 2) 1.0 lb./a lb./a Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) qt/a lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a Metribuzin/others (See Table 2) lbs./a Prowl/Prowl H2O/others (See Table 2) qt/a qt/a Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses; bermudagrass suppression Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses; bermudagrass suppression Seedling broadleaf weeds Seedling johnsongrass and other annual grass and broadleaf weeds Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses Bleaching/whitening of sugarcane can occur if the crop is emerged at application. Bleaching/whitening of sugarcane can occur if the crop is emerged at application. Use higher rate on heavy soils. Application can be applied overtop of sugarcane until daily maximum temperatures for the week preceding application average 80 degrees or greater. Safe to sugarcane on all soil types. Use higher rate on heavy soils or when sugarcane is planted prior to early September. Can provide suppression of bermudagrass at higher rates. Addition of pendimethalin can improve control of browntop millet and itchgrass. May be applied to the soil surface or incorporated. Use higher rate on heavy soils. Should be applied with other herbicides for broadleaf weed control. Addition of metribuzin can improve control of bermudagrass. 2.0 lbs./a Treflan/Trifluralin/others Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, Incorporate within 24 hours after application. Can 70 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

72 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT PREEMERGENCE (FEBRUARY/MARCH): (See Table 2) 2.0 qt/a Velpar 1.0 qt/a or Velossa 1.6 pt/a plus Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) 4L at 2.5 qt/a Velpar 2L at 1.0 qt/a or Velossa 1.6 pt/a plus Metribuzin/others (See Table 2) 2.0 lbs./a browntop millet and other annual grasses provide suppression of bermudagrass. Other herbicides should be applied for broadleaf weed control lb./a Valor SX oz./a Annual broadleaf weeds Can provide residual control when applied at 6 to 8 oz/a. Do not apply after sugarcane emergence. 0.5 lb./a plus diuron Seedling johnsongrass, browntop Apply to sugarcane before active tillering 2.5 lbs./a millet and other annual grass and Application to coarse-textured soils that are low in broadleaf weeds; bermudagrass organic matter may result in sugarcane chlorosis suppression (yellowing) and stunting. 0.5 lb./a plus 1.5 lbs./a Seedling johnsongrass, browntop millet and other annual grass and broadleaf weeds; bermudagrass suppression Apply to sugarcane before active tillering begins. Application to coarse-textured soils that are low in organic matter may result in sugarcane chlorosis (yellowing) and stunting. POSTEMERGENCE WEED CONTROL (MARCH/APRIL) Johnsongrass and Other Grasses (March/April): Asulox/Asulam can be applied broadcast, banded, or as a spot treatment. Nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 1 gal/100 gal of water should be added to the spray solution. If the ph of water is above 9.0, addition of a buffer may be beneficial. At application, average air temperature should be at least 60 degrees. A 20-hour rain-free period following Asulox application may be needed to maximize control. First Application - Apply 4 qt/a Asulox/Asulam 3.3L broadcast (or the correct proportion if applying on a band) in 15 to 30 gal of water per acre to actively growing johnsongrass 12 to 18 inches tall and to itchgrass less than 8 inches tall. If applying on a band, outside nozzles should be mounted on drops and band width should be wide enough to ensure thorough wetting of all foliage. Asulox applied at 3 to 4 qt/a also controls browntop millet, foxtails, goosegrass and barnyardgrass/junglerice when 6 to 8 inches tall. Vaseygrass that is less than 8 inches tall can be partially controlled with Asulox at 4 qt/a, but activity is very slow. Second Application - A second application of Asulox/Asulam at 3 to 4 qt/a broadcast (or the correct proportion if applying on a band) can increase johnsongrass control, but may not increase sugarcane yield over that obtained with a single Asulox application in March/April. This may be beneficial in the plant cane or first stubble crop to reduce infestations in subsequent crops. The second application of Asulox should be made to johnsongrass regrowth, usually about eight weeks after the first application. Sugarcane injury is more likely when Asulox is applied to sugarcane stressed from drought or excessive soil moisture and high temperature, especially after June 1. Spot Treatment - The most accurate and economical method of spot treating is to use a calibrated sprayer at a constant speed with the operator turning the spray noz.zles on and off as needed. If a high-volume cattle gun type nozzle is used for spot treatment, apply a 2 percent solution of Asulox/Asulam (2 gal of herbicide plus 98 gal of water). Spray to wet foliage but do not drench as sugarcane injury can be greater compared with spot treating using a calibrated sprayer. Aerial Application - Asulox/Asulam may also be applied by air using the same rates specified above. Spray volume should be a minimum of 5 gallons per acre. After calculating the actual sugarcane acreage to be treated, acreage should be increased to account for ditchbanks and headlands also receiving application. Envoke - Envoke 75WG can be applied post-emergence overtop to plant or ratoon cane up to 24 inches tall at 0.3 oz./a broadcast (or the correct proportion if applying on a band) or as a directed application at 0.3 to 0.6 oz./a to sugarcane 18 inches tall at layby. Nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 4 qt/100 gal of water should be added to the spray solution. Envoke applied overtop of sugarcane can cause some yellowing and white banding on leaves present in the whorl at application as well as slight stunting but recovery is rapid and no negative effect on sugarcane yield has been observed. Envoke at 0.3 oz./a will suppress but will not control rhizome johnsongrass or large itchgrass. Combinations of Envoke with Asulox/Asulam provide complementary broadleaf and grass weed control. Envoke at 0.3 oz./a applied with Asulox 3.3 L at 2 qt/a (half rate) plus nonionic surfactant or crop oil concentrate has improved control of large rhizome johnsongrass (more than 18 inches) when compared 71 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

73 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT with Asulox applied alone at 4 qt/a (full rate). Envoke at 0.2 oz./a applied with Asulox at 2 qt/a controlled large itchgrass (more than 6 inches) better than Asulox applied alone at 4 qt/a. For ground application use a minimum of 10 gal of water per acre (broadcast basis). Higher spray volume of at least 20 gal per acre should be used for heavy weed infestations to ensure adequate spray coverage. Envoke cannot be applied aerially. For both Asulox/Asulam and Envoke, DO NOT cultivate, fertilize or otherwise disturb the johnsongrass root system seven days before or after application. Purple and Yellow Nutsedge (March/April): Apply Permit/others 75WDG at 1.0 to 1.33 oz./a, Yukon 67.5 WDG at 6 to 8 oz./a, or Envoke 75 WG at 0.2 oz./a with nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 1 gal/100 gal of water. Merrill s Nightshade (March/April): Apply Clarity/Vision/others 4L at 1.0 qt/a, Callisto 4L at 3 oz./a plus Atrazine/others at 2 qt/a, or Callisto Xtra at 24 oz./a plus Atrazine/others at 1.5 qt/a with nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 1 gal/100 gal of water. EPA has granted a Section 18 Quarantine Emergency Exemption for use of Trycera to manage Merrill s nightshade until May 31, Trycera may be applied from October1 to May 31, in all commercial sugarcane parishes at 0.7 to 2.1 qt/a. Application is limited to ground rig application, and a minimum of 15 gallons per acre should be used. Addition of nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 1 gal/100 gal of water is recommended. Bermudagrass (March/April): Armezon 2.8 SC at 1 to 2 oz./a plus methylated seed oil or crop oil concentrate at 4 qt/100 gal of water plus approved nitrogen fertilizers will provide 3 to 5 weeks of bermudagrass suppression. Sequential application may be applied 14 days after the initial treatment. Armezon can be tank-mixed with other herbicides registered in sugarcane such as Atrazine, Metribuzin, or Prowl. Applicators must follow label restrictions for the most restrictive tank-mix product. The maximum yearly use rate for Armezon is 4 oz./a. Research has shown reduced bermudagrass suppression when Armezon and Metribuzin were tank-mixed. LAYBY WEED CONTROL (MAY/JUNE) Herbicides at layby are applied broadcast and directed underneath the sugarcane canopy usually following the last cultivation. It is necessary that the lower canopy be contacted by the spray to assure weed control both in the sugarcane drill and in the row middles. If weeds are present, nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal should be added to the spray solution for herbicides with post-emergence activity. Information related to post-emergence activity of herbicides can be found in the After Layby Weed Control (July-Harvest) section. PREEMERGENCE LAYBY (MAY/JUNE): lbs./a Atrazine/others (See Table 2) 2-4 qt/a lbs./a sulfentrazone plus lb./a lb./a Authority MTZ oz./a Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds and nutsedge Use higher rate on heavy soils and where morningglory (tievine) is a problem weed. Residual red morningglory control can be expected for around 35 days. Residual control of tievine can be extended by applying atrazine a few weeks after the layby cultivation. Use higher rate on clay soils and/or soils with organic matter content higher than 2%. At the highest rate of 33 oz./a the amount of metribuzin in Authority MTZ is not sufficient to provide grass control. See information below for Spartan 4F concerning red morningglory control. Injury will occur if herbicide contacts newly emerging sugarcane shoots and leaves. Do not apply more than 33 oz./a in one growing season and within 120 days of harvest. 72 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

74 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT PREEMERGENCE LAYBY (MAY/JUNE): 0.09 lb./a Callisto 3 oz./a Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds lb./a plus lb./a Callisto oz./a lbs./a Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) 4 lbs./gallon qt/a 80 DF lbs./a lbs./a Metribuzin/others (See Table 2) lbs./a lbs./a Prowl/Prowl H2O/others (See Table 2) 3.3EC qt/a qt/a Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds Seedling broadleaf weeds Seedling johnsongrass and other annual grass and broadleaf weeds Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses Addition of atrazine can improve broadleaf weed control, as well as provide post-emergence control of Merrill s nightshade. Should be applied with other herbicides for grass control. Use higher rate on heavy soils. Should be applied with other herbicides for grass control. Addition of atrazine can improve post-emergence control of Merrill s nightshade. Apply when sugarcane is 30 inches or taller. Injury will occur if herbicide contacts newly emerging sugarcane shoots and leaves. Addition of pendimethalin can improve control of browntop millet and itchgrass. Residual control of red morningglory can be expected for around 35 days. May be applied to soil surface or soil incorporated. Use higher rate if surface applied or if itchgrass is a problem. For additional weed control, such as morningglory, atrazine, diuron, metribuzin, or Spartan may be applied with pendimethalin. See precautions for diuron and Spartan lb./a Spartan oz./a Broadleaf weeds and nutsedge Use higher rate on heavy soils and where morningglory (tievine) is a problem weed. Residual red morningglory control around 90% can be expected for 50 days and control around 80% can be expected at 70 days. Injury will occur if herbicide contacts newly emerging sugarcane shoots and leaves. Do not apply within 120 days of harvest. Can be applied more than once during the growing season but total usage per twelve-month period cannot exceed 12 oz./a lb./a plus lb./a Spartan Charge oz./a Broadleaf weeds and nutsedge Use higher rate on heavy soils and where morningglory (tievine) is a problem weed. Residual red morningglory control around 90% can be expected for 50 days and control around 80% can be expected at 70 days. Injury will occur if herbicide contacts newly emerging sugarcane shoots and leaves. Do not apply within 120 days of harvest. Can be applied more than once during the growing season but total usage per twelve-month period cannot exceed 15.2 oz./a. 73 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

75 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT PREEMERGENCE LAYBY (MAY/JUNE): lbs./a Treflan/Trifluralin/others (See Table 2) qt/a) Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet and other annual grasses Incorporate within 24 hours after application. Other herbicides should be applied to the soil surface for broadleaf weed control lb./a Valor SX oz./a Broadleaf weeds Apply when sugarcane is at least 24 inches in height and has begun to joint. Spray contact with more than the lower six inches of sugarcane plants will result in severe injury. Residual red morningglory control can be expected for around 35 days. Valor can be applied at a maximum rate of 12 oz./a per crop year. Do not apply within 90 days of harvest. AFTER LAYBY WEED CONTROL (JULY-HARVEST) Morningglory or tievine can cause significant problems at sugarcane harvest. To control morningglory and other broadleaf weeds, herbicides can be applied over the crop canopy by air or ground sprayer, or herbicides can be directed underneath the crop canopy. Coverage of the entire morningglory plant with spray solution will provide the most consistent control. Nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal should be added to the spray solution. POSTEMERGENCE AFTER LAYBY (JULY-HARVEST): lbs./a 2,4-D qt/a (See Table 2) See information below on 2,4-D formulations lbs./a Atrazine/others (See Table 2) 2-4 qt/a lbs./a Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds Apply higher rate if vines are climbing sugarcane plants. Surfactant may be added. Note: Use of 2,4-D is restricted in some parishes. Check local restrictions before application. To avoid potential stand and yield loss in the subsequent plant cane crop, do not apply to seed cane sources 7 weeks prior to harvest and planting. See information below on 2,4-D formulations. Apply with surfactant overtop or directed before row closure occurs. Use higher rate if vines are climbing sugarcane plants. sulfentrazone plus lb./a lb./a Authority MTZ oz./a Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds and nutsedge Apply with surfactant as a directed treatment. Injury will occur if herbicide contacts newly emerging sugarcane shoots and leaves. Do not apply more than 33 oz./a in one growing season and within 120 days of harvest. 74 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

76 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT POSTEMERGENCE AFTER LAYBY (JULY-HARVEST): 0.09 lb./a Callisto 3 oz./a Morningglory (tievine) and other annual broadleaf weeds lb./a plus lb./a Callisto oz./a lb./a Clarity/Vision/others (See Table 2) oz./a Engenia 12.8 oz./a lb./a Envoke oz./a lb./a Gramoxone SL/Paraquat/others (See Table 2) pt/a pt/a lb./a Permit/others (See Table 2) oz./a Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds, itchgrass and other annual grasses and purple and yellow nutsedge Small grass and broadleaf weeds and bermudagrass suppression Purple and yellow nutsedge lb./a Spartan oz./a Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds and nutsedge Can be applied over the top or as a directed spray. Only one application can be made if Callisto was applied pre-emergence earlier in the season. Do not harvest sugarcane within 114 days following an over the top application and within 100 days following a directed spray. Addition of atrazine can improve post-emergence control of Merrill s nightshade. Can be applied over the top or as a directed spray. Only one application can be made if Callisto was applied pre-emergence earlier in the season. Do not harvest sugarcane within 114 days following an over the top application and within 100 days following a directed spray. Addition of atrazine can improve post-emergence control of Merrill s nightshade. Apply higher rate if vines are climbing sugarcane plants. Surfactant may be added. Can be used in areas where 2,4-D use is restricted. To avoid potential stand and yield loss in the subsequent plant cane crop, do not apply to seed cane sources seven weeks prior to harvest and planting. Apply as a directed treatment with nonionic surfactant at 1 qt per 100 gallons. Do not apply within 100 days of harvest. A maximum of 3 applications or 1.5 oz./a may be applied per growing season. Do not apply aerially. Apply with surfactant as a directed treatment to the row middles in late June to desiccate bermudagrass. Herbicide contact to young sugarcane tillers and leaves can cause significant injury. Apply as a directed treatment at 1 to 1.33 oz./a with surfactant to nutsedge growing under the crop canopy. Apply with surfactant as a directed treatment at the higher rate if morningglory is climbing sugarcane plants. Injury will occur if herbicide contacts newly emerging sugarcane shoots and leaves. If applied in the spring or at layby do not reapply. Do not apply within 120 days of harvest. 75 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

77 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT POSTEMERGENCE AFTER LAYBY (JULY-HARVEST): lb./a plus lb./a lb./a 2,4-D plus lb./a lb./a halosulfuron plus lb./a lb./a Spartan Charge oz./a Broadleaf weeds and nutsedge Valor SX oz./a Morningglory (tievine) and other broadleaf weeds and some annual grasses Weedmaster/Brash/others (See Table 2) qt/a Yukon 4 to 8 oz./a Morningglory (tievine) and other annual broadleaf weeds Purple and yellow nutsedge, small morningglory (tie vines) and other broadleaf weeds Apply with surfactant as a directed treatment at the higher rate if morningglory is climbing sugarcane plants. Injury will occur if herbicide contacts newly emerging sugarcane shoots and leaves. If applied in the spring or at layby do not reapply. Do not apply within 120 days of harvest. Can be applied more than once during the growing season but total usage per twelve-month period cannot exceed 15.2 oz./a. Apply as a directed treatment after sugarcane has begun to joint. Spray contact with more than the lower 6 inches of sugarcane plants will result in severe injury. Residual red morningglory control can be expected for around 35 days. Valor can be applied at a maximum rate of 12 oz./a per crop year. Do not apply within 90 days of harvest. Apply higher rate if vines are climbing sugarcane plants. Surfactant may be added. Note: Use of 2,4-D is restricted in some parishes. Check local restrictions before application. To avoid potential stand and yield loss in the subsequent plant cane crop, do not apply to seed cane sources seven weeks prior to harvest and planting. Apply as a directed treatment at 1 to 1.33 oz./a with surfactant to nutsedge growing under the crop canopy. A 8 oz./a rate is equivalent to 1.3 oz./a Permit and 9.0 oz./a Clarity/Vision. 2,4-D Formulations: Acid, amine salt, and ester formulations of 2,4-D are available (See Table 2 Glossary of Herbicides). Since only the acid form of 2,4-D is active in controlling weeds, the herbicide concentration on the label is provided in pounds of ae (acid equivalent) per gal instead of pounds of ai (active ingredient) per gal, as is the case with most other herbicides. Amine salt and ester formulations of 2,4-D range from 3.8 to 5.6 lbs. ae/gal. These numbers are important in determining the amount of formulated product to apply per acre. The lower the pounds ae/gal the more formulated product required. For example, a 32 fluid oz. rate (1 qt/a) of a 3.8L formulation would correspond to 21.7 oz. for a 5.6L formulation. Unison is an acid formulation of 2,4-D and contains 1.74 lbs. ae/gal. The rate range for Unison is 24 to 64 oz./a and rate, like other formulations, is dependent on weed spectrum, density, and size. Unison is less volatile (susceptible to changing from a liquid to a gas where off-target movement can occur) than other 2,4-D formulations. Caution should be used anytime 2,4-D is applied near sensitive plants regardless of formulation. FALLOW WEED CONTROL Weed control programs during the fallow period can include use of tillage (deep plowing/disking) and herbicides. Frequent and timely cultivation, where weeds are destroyed and prevented from reestablishing, can be an effective management tool, especially in dry years. Tillage, especially tillage just prior to planting, can reduce soil moisture in the seedbed, which in dry years can hinder plant cane emergence and growth. Apply pre-emergence herbicides to a weed-free and clod-free bed. Packing of the row top prior to application may improve weed control. 76 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

78 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT PREEMERGENCE FALLOW: 2 lbs./a Atrazine/others (See Table 2) 2 qt/a 2.2 lbs./a Broadleaf weeds Apply to weed free beds. Do not apply more than 10 qt/a or 11.1 lbs./a per crop year lbs.s/a Eptam pt/a Annual grass and broadleaf weeds Must be thoroughly incorporated 2 to 4 inches deep immediately following application. For bermudagrass and johnsongrass suppression, plants should be turned under and chopped thoroughly prior to treatment. Must be applied 45 days prior to planting sugarcane lb./a Permit/others (See Table 2) oz./a 2.5 lbs./a Prowl/Prowl H2O/others (See Table 2) 3 qt/a 2.6 qt/a Purple and yellow nutsedge Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass, browntop millet, other annual grasses A rate of 1 to 1.33 oz./a with surfactant is recommended for control of nutsedge. Can be applied with other herbicides. Do not exceed 2.7 oz./a in one growing season. Apply to clean seedbed or incorporate 4 inches deep at least 60 days prior to planting. POSTEMERGENCE FALLOW: Glyphosate and Glyphosate Mixtures: Post-emergence herbicides should be applied to actively growing weeds. Several formulations of glyphosate are available, with the most common being 4L and 5.5L formulations (See Table 3 Glyphosate Products). A 32 oz./a rate (1 qt/a) of a 4L formulation would correspond to 26 oz./a of a 5L formulation and 23 oz./a of a 5.5L formulation. Most formulations of glyphosate contain some surfactant. The need for additional surfactant is based on how much surfactant is present in the formulation and the quality of the surfactant. The herbicide label may state that no additional surfactant is needed or recommended, that surfactant may be added, or that surfactant is required and the amount is specified. See Table 3 for information concerning need for surfactant with the various glyphosate products. Always consult the label for specific information on the need for surfactants and other adjuvants. Johnsongrass in Fallow: For control of johnsongrass and other weeds, rates of 1 to 2 qt/a of the 4L glyphosate formulation is sufficient (See Table 3 Glyphosate Products). Do not cultivate for 7 days after application to allow adequate time for the glyphosate to be taken into the plant and moved to underground rhizomes. Under heavy weed infestation, two to three weeks between glyphosate application and planting will allow time for johnsongrass to desiccate, and will promote more efficient opening of rows and covering of planted sugarcane. When applying 2,4-D in combination with glyphosate for additional broadleaf weed control, use the high end of the glyphosate rate to avoid a possible reduction in grass control (antagonism). Broadleaf Weeds in Fallow: Atrazine/others 4L at 1 to 2 qt/a, Aim 2EC at 1 to 2 oz./a, Valor 51WDG at 3 to 4 oz./a, and Classic 25DG at 0.5 to 2.0 oz./a can be applied to control broadleaf weeds and in particular morningglory (tievine). The higher rates should be applied to control large vining weeds. Atrazine/others and Aim can be applied any time during the fallow period. Valor can be applied from 2 weeks prior to planting to before sugarcane emerges. Classic can be applied up to 60 days prior to planting. Some residual weed control can be expected with Atrazine/others, Valor, or Classic; however, Aim has no soil residual activity. Nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal should be added to the spray solution. If applied with glyphosate, surfactant present in the glyphosate formulation may be adequate. See Table 3 for information concerning need for surfactant with the various glyphosate products. Always consult the label for specific information on the need for surfactants and other adjuvants. 77 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

79 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT Bermudagrass in Fallow: In fields where bermudagrass population is high, tillage in combination with glyphosate is most effective. Apply 2 to 3 qt/a of the 4L glyphosate formulation for control of bermudagrass with less than 8-inch runners. See Table 3 for information concerning need for surfactant with the various glyphosate products. Always consult the label for specific information on the need for surfactants and other adjuvants. Retreatment with 2 to 3 qt/a may be necessary to maintain control. Do not cultivate for seven days after application to allow adequate time for the glyphosate to be taken into the plant and moved to underground rhizomes. Under heavy weed infestation, two to three weeks between glyphosate application and planting will allow time for bermudagrass to desiccate and will promote more efficient opening of rows and covering of planted sugarcane. Multiple applications of glyphosate are more effective in controlling bermudagrass than a single application. Purple and Yellow Nutsedge in Fallow: Permit/others 75 WDG at 1.0 to 1.33 oz./a, Yukon 67.5 WDG at 6 to 8 oz./a and Envoke 75WG at 0.15 to 0.2 oz./a applied with nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 4 qt/100 gal of water will provide some control of nutsedge. The higher rate is needed when nutsedge is large and the population is dense. For best results herbicide application should be made before nutsedge is 6 inches tall. If application is delayed until nutsedge forms a dense mat on the soil surface a sizeable tuber population will have developed underground and control will be reduced. Classic 25DG at 0.5 to 2.0 oz./a will provide some control of yellow nutsedge; however, application is limited up to 60 days prior to planting. Permit/others, Yukon,Envoke, and Classic can be applied with glyphosate products without negatively affecting grass control. If applied with glyphosate, surfactant present in the glyphosate formulation may be adequate. See Table 3 for information concerning need for surfactant with the various glyphosate products. Always consult the label for specific information on the need for surfactants and other adjuvants. If two applications of glyphosate are planned, Permit/others, Yukon, Envoke, or Classic should be applied with glyphosate in the first application. The follow-up application of glyphosate alone should be effective on nutsedge regrowth. Yukon, a premix of halosulfuron (the active ingredient in Permit) and dicamba (the active ingredient in Clarity/Vision/others) and Envoke will also provide some control of broadleaf weeds. For Yukon, a 6 oz./a rate is equivalent to 1.0 oz./a Permit 75WDG and 6.6 oz./a Clarity/Vision 4L and a 8 oz./a rate is equivalent to 1.3 oz./a Permit and 9.0 oz./a Clarity/Vision. As also noted for glyphosate, do not cultivate for seven days after application of Permit/others, Yukon, or Envoke to allow adequate time for movement of herbicide to underground nutsedge tubers. In situations where nutsedge and others weeds may interfere with row opening at planting, Gramoxone SL 2L at 3 pt/a or Paraquat/others 3L at 2 pt/a plus nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal can be applied 1 to 2 weeks before planting to desiccate weeds. Because herbicide does not move to underground nutsedge tubers, rapid reestablishment should be expected, consider applying Authority MTZ, or Spartan at-planting or the use of Permit/others, Yukon, Envoke, in September or October. See At-Planting Weed Control (August/September) and Post-emergence Weed Control (September-November) sections. Doveweed in Fallow: Doveweed is a summer annual weed that emerges from mid-june through September. Doveweed as well as many other members of the dayflower family are poorly controlled with glyphosate. In fallow programs where glyphosate is the only herbicide used for weed control, doveweed can form a dense mat across the row and can interfere with row opening at planting. In fields with a known history of doveweed, glyphosate should be applied with Metribuzin/others 75DF at 1.3 lbs./a or Valor SX 51WDG at 6 to 8 oz./a in June to control weeds on formed beds. Metribuzin/others 75DF should provide pre-emergence control of doveweed up to 60 days after application. For emerged doveweed, effective control may be obtained with Gramoxone SL 2L at 3 pt/a or Paraquat/others 3L at 2 pt/a, Atrazine/others 4L at 2 qt/a, or Metribuzin/others at 1.5 lbs./a applied 1 to 3 weeks before planting. Nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal should be added to the spray solution for post-emergence applications. Application of Gramoxone SL 2L at 2 pt/a or Paraquat/others 3L at 1.33 pt/a with Atrazine/others at 2 qt/a or application of Metribuzin/others 75DF at 1 lb./a with Weedmaster/Brash/others 3.8L at 1.5 pt/a were effective when planting was delayed beyond three weeks after application. No-Tillage Fallow Program: In a no-tillage program, sugarcane stubble must be destroyed with herbicide. To obtain around 90 percent control of sugarcane stubble, glyphosate 4L should be applied at 1.0 qt/a (6 inch stubble), 1.5 qt/a (10 inch stubble), 2.0 qt/a (16 inch stubble) and 2.5 qt/a (18 inch stubble) (See Table 3 Glyphosate Products). Typically in a no-tillage program, a second glyphosate application will be needed to control weeds and any sugarcane regrowth that might occur. It is important that the first glyphosate application be made by the end of April to allow for sugarcane to completely decompose before rows are worked at planting. In fields where bermudagrass population is high, a no-tillage program where glyphosate is used for weed control may not be as effective as glyphosate in combination with tillage. Note: Glyphosate herbicides can be applied by air, but extreme caution should be used due to problems with off-target movement and damage to sugarcane and other crops in areas adjacent to treated fields. 78 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

80 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide DITCHBANK WEED CONTROL Problem weeds, such as johnsongrass, itchgrass, bermudagrass, poppingweed (Equisetum/horsetail) and Rubus species (briars), should be controlled on ditchbanks. This will aid in field drainage and prevent weed movement into adjacent sugarcane fields. These recommendations are for nonirrigation drainage ditch use only. DO NOT apply herbicides to a ditch when water is present unless specifically allowed based on the herbicide label. Herbicides should be applied in a minimum of 20 gallons of water per acre spray volume. DITCHBANK WEED CONTROL: 2,4-D plus lbs./a Crossbow 4.0 qt/a lbs./a Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) qt/a lbs./a lbs./a Garlon/others (See Table 2) qt/a or qt/a Poppingweed, briars and woody species Annual grass and broadleaf weeds Poppingweed, briars and woody species Best control obtained when applied to young poppingweed, less than two years old. For control of briars and smaller diameter woody species, apply at 1.0 to 1.5 gal/100 gal of water and add nonionic surfactant at 1 qt/100 gal of water. Apply in a spray volume of 40 to 60 gal per acre to thoroughly soak all stems and plant crowns at the soil line. This product contains 2,4-D and use may be restricted in some areas of the state. Provides residual control of many annual weeds. Addition of nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 2 to 4 qt/100 gal of water will increase contact activity on small, emerged weeds no more than 3 in tall. Herbicide activity will be improved if soil in the ditch is moist at application. Do not allow herbicide to contact roots of desirable plants when applied at the higher rates. Control is greater when applied to young poppingweed, less than two years old. For control of briars and smaller diameter woody species, apply at 1.5 pt/a of 4L formulation or 2 pt/a of 3A formulation plus nonionic surfactant at 1 to 2 qt/100 gal of water. Apply in a spray volume of 40 to 60 gal per acre to thoroughly soak all stems and plant crowns at the soil line. Note: Garlon 4 at 1 gallon per 80 gallons water plus 1% Roundup has been effective on poppingweed when plants were thoroughly wetted. 79 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

81 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT DITCHBANK WEED CONTROL: triclopyr plus glyphosate Garlon/others (See Table 2) Roundup/others (See Table 3) See Remarks and Precautions for rates and mixing instructions lbs./a Prowl/Prowl H2O/others (See Table 2) qt/a qt/a lbs./a Roundup/others (See Table 3) 1.0 to 5.0 qt/a 0.8 to 4.0 qt/a 0.7 to 3.6 qt/a Poppingweed and other ditchbank weeds Seedling johnsongrass, itchgrass and other annual grasses Johnsongrass, itchgrass and other weeds For a 100 gallon total spray mix, include 5 qt of Garlon 4, Triquad 4L, or other triclopyr product with a 4L concentration and 4 qt of a Roundup/glyphosate product with a 5.5L concentration or 5.5 quarts of a 4L glyphosate product. If the glyphosate formulation does not contain surfactant, add nonionic surfactant at 2 quarts per 100 gallons of water. Because herbicide rates are not specified in product per acre, spray volume (gallons per acre) will affect herbicide rate per unit area treated, number of acres of ditchbank treated and cost per acre. In general, spray volume should be in the range of 20 to 40 gallons per acre. A standard multi-nozzle spray boom positioned over the ditch, a hand gun (cattle gun sprayer), or a single stationary nozzle sprayer can be used for application. It is important that poppingweed foliage be well covered. Herbicide should not be applied to a ditch when water is present unless specifically allowed based on the herbicide label. Note: Treating only the bottom of the ditch and not the sides will allow for water movement and will also help to reduce ditchbank erosion. Apply in a minimum of 20 gal per acre spray volume prior to weed emergence. Will NOT control emerged weeds. May apply with post-emergence herbicides to provide residual activity. Johnsongrass, itchgrass and most other weeds are controlled at 1 to 2 qt/a of the 4L glyphosate formulation. Apply 2 to 3 qt/a for control of bermudagrass with less than 8 inch runners. Retreatment with 2 to 3 qt/a may be necessary to maintain bermudagrass control. Application with diuron at 5.0 lbs. ai/a (see information on diuron) or Velpar 2L at 1.0 qt/a or Velossa 2.4L at 1.6 pt/a and Diuron/Direx/others 4L at 2.5 qt/a can increase initial control and provide extended control of many annual weeds. Do not allow herbicide to contact foliage of desirable plants. 80 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

82 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT DITCHBANK WEED CONTROL: 0.5 lb./a plus 2.5 lbs./a 2,4-D plus lbs./a lb./a Velpar 1.0 qt/a or Velossa 1.6 pt/a plus Diuron/Direx/others (See Table 2) 4L at 2.5 qt/a Weedmaster/Brash/others (See Table 2) qt/a Most ditchbank weeds including some control of poppingweed Will not control rhizome johnsongrass or curly dock. Do not use on outflow ditches or ditches not directly between two cane fields. Very slow activity on poppingweed. Inclusion of 2 qt/a of a 4L glyphosate formulation or 2.67 qt/a of a 6L MSMA formulation has increased rhizome johnsongrass and curly dock control. Apply in a spray volume of at least 40 gal per acre to thoroughly cover the soil and foliage and soak all stems and plant crowns at the soil line. Nonionic surfactant at 1 qt/100 gal of water or crop oil concentrate at 1 gallon/100 gal of water should be added. Broadleaf weeds Use 1 qt/a to control annual broadleaf weeds and 1 to 3 qt/a for suppression of perennial weeds. This product contains 2,4-D and use may be restricted in some areas of the state. 81 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

83 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide TABLE 1. EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTED SUGARCANE HERBICIDES APPLIED PRE-EMERGENCE AND POST-EMERGENCE IN-CROP AND IN FALLOW. Weed control estimates represent 28 to 35 days after application of pre-emergence herbicides and 14 to 21 days after application of post-emergence herbicides at the high end of the rate range. A value of 0 = no control and 10 = 100% control. seedling johnsongrass rhizome johnsongrass itchgrass (raoulgrass) bermudagrass 1 browntop millet annual grasses morningglory (tievines) other broadleaf weeds nutsedges doveweed winter grasses 2 winter broadleaf weeds 3 PREEMERGENCE APPLICATION: Atrazine/others Authority MTZ Callisto Command Command plus Diuron/Direx/ others or Metribuzin/others Diuron/Direx/others Eptam Prowl/others Prowl plus Velpar/Velossa Diuron/Direx/others Prowl plus Metribuzin/others Metribuzin/others Sinbar Spartan Spartan Charge Treflan/Trifluralin/others Valor Velpar/Velossa + Diuron/Direx/ others or Metribuzin/others LSU AgCenter publication 1565

84 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide seedling johnsongrass rhizome johnsongrass itchgrass (raoulgrass) bermudagrass 1 browntop millet annual grasses morningglory (tievines) other broadleaf weeds nutsedges doveweed winter grasses 2 winter broadleaf weeds 3 POSTEMERGENCE APPLICATION: Aim Armezon Asulox/Asulam Atrazine/others Callisto , Callisto + Atrazine/others Clarity/Vision/others Diuron/Direx/others Envoke Envoke + Asulox/Asulam Glyphosate herbicides Gramoxone SL/ Paraquat/others Permit/others Spartan Spartan Charge Valor Weedmaster/Brash/others Yukon ,4-D/others Expected control level with application at planting prior to weed emergence and following a good fallow program or when applied in late winter prior to weed emergence from the winter dormant period. 2 Winter grasses include ryegrass, rescuegrass and timothy grass. 3 Winter broadleaf weeds include sowthistle, wild geranium and clovers. 4 Herbicide must be incorporated. 5 Requires 28 to 35 days to reach maximum control. 6 Addition of atrazine improves control. 7 For best results, apply before morningglory exceed 5 inches in height. 83 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

85 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide TABLE 2. GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES REGISTERED FOR USE IN SUGARCANE IN LOUISIANA. 1 Group No. Based on Mechanism of Action EPA Registration No. Common name Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor 2,4-D SAVAGE DRY SOLUBLE Loveland Products, Inc. Group ,4-D UNISON NOVEL BROADLEAF Helena Chemical Company Group ,4-D, 2-ethylhexyl ester LO-VOL 4 SOLVENTLESS TENKOZ., Inc. Group ,4-D, 2-ethylhexyl ester WEEDONE LV4 SOLVENTLESS Nufarm Agricultural Products Group ,4-D, diethanolamine salt + HI-DEP PBI Gordon Corporation Group 4; Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt 2,4-D, dimethylamine salt 2,4-D AMINE 4 (AGRI STAR) Albaugh, Inc./Agri Star Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt 2,4-D AMINE-4 Winfield Solutions LLC Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt AMINE 4 2,4-D Loveland Products, Inc. Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt AMINE 4 2,4-D HERBICIDE TENKOZ., Inc. Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt AMINE 4 2,4-D, TENKOZ. TENKOZ., Inc. Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt CLEAN AMINE Loveland Products, Inc. Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt OPTI-AMINE Helena Chemical Company Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt SABER Loveland Products, Inc. Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt SOLUTION WATER SOLUBLE Nufarm Agricultural Products Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt WEEDAR 64 Nufarm Agricultural Products Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt WEEDESTROY AM-40 AMINE Nufarm Agricultural Products Group SALT BRASH HERBICIDE Winfield Solutions LLC Group 4; Group ,4-D, dimethylamine salt + Dicamba, dimethylamine salt 2,4-D, dimethylamine salt + RANGESTAR Albaugh, Inc./Agri Star Group 4; Group Dicamba, dimethylamine salt 2,4-D, dimethylamine salt + RIFLE-D Loveland Products, Inc. Group 4; Group Dicamba, dimethylamine salt 2,4-D, dimethylamine salt + WEEDMASTER Nufarm Agricultural Products Group 4; Group Dicamba, dimethylamine salt 2,4-D + Dicamba LATIGO Helena Chemical Company Group 4; Group Asulam-sodium ASULAM HERBICIDE Loveland Products, Inc. Group Asulam-sodium ASULOX United Phosphorus, Inc. Group LSU AgCenter publication 1565

86 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 2. GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES REGISTERED FOR USE IN SUGARCANE IN LOUISIANA Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Group No. Based on Mechanism of Action EPA Registration No. Common name Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Atrazine AATREX 4L HERBICIDE Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC Group Atrazine AATREX NINE-O Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC Group Atrazine ATRAZINE 4 L Winfield Solutions LLC Group Atrazine ATRAZINE 4 L HERBICIDE Helena Chemical Company Group Atrazine ATRAZINE 4L Loveland Products, Inc. Group Atrazine ATRAZINE 4L (DREXEL) Drexel Chemical Company Group Atrazine ATRAZINE 4L HERBICIDE MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Atrazine ATRAZINE 4L HERBICIDE TENKOZ., Inc. Group Atrazine ATRAZINE 90 DF Winfield Solutions LLC Group Atrazine ATRAZINE 90 DF HERBICIDE MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Atrazine ATRAZINE 90 WDG Loveland Products, Inc. Group Atrazine ATRAZINE 90DF HERBICIDE TENKOZ., Inc. Group Atrazine HELENA ATRAZINE 4F Helena Chemical Company Group Carfentrazone-ethyl AIM EC HERBICIDE FMC Corporation Agricultural Group Products Group Carfentrazone-ethyl AIM EW HERBICIDE FMC Corporation Agricultural Group Products Group Clomazone COMMAND 3 ME Helena Chemical Company Group Clomazone COMMAND 3ME FMC Corporation Agricultural Group Products Group Dicamba VISION HERBICIDE Helena Chemical Company Group Dicamba, diglycolamine salt CLARITY HERBICIDE BASF Ag Products Group Dicamba, diglycolamine salt CLASH Nufarm Agricultural Products Group Dicamba, diglycolamine salt DETONATE TENKOZ., Inc. Group Dicamba, diglycolamine salt STERLING BLUE Winfield Solutions LLC Group Dicamba, diglycolamine salt STRUT Loveland Products, Inc. Group Dicamba, dimethylamine salt BANVEL HERBICIDE Arysta LifeScience North America Group LLC Dicamba, dimethylamine salt DIABLO HERBICIDE Nufarm Agricultural Products Group Dicamba, dimethylamine salt RIFLE Loveland Products, Inc. Group LSU AgCenter publication 1565

87 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 2. GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES REGISTERED FOR USE IN SUGARCANE IN LOUISIANA Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Common name Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Group No. Based on Mechanism of Action Dicamba, BAPMA salt ENGENIA BASF Ag Products Group Diuron DIREX 4 L MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. EPA Registration No. Diuron DIREX 4L HERBICIDE DuPont Crop Protection Group Diuron DIURON 4 L Winfield Solutions LLC Group Diuron DIURON 4L Drexel Chemical Company Group Diuron DIURON 4L HERBICIDE MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Diuron DIURON 80 Drexel Chemical Company Group Diuron DIURON 80 WDG WEED KILLER Loveland Products, Inc. Group Diuron DIURON 80DF MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Diuron DIURON-4L HERBICIDE Loveland Products, Inc. Group Diuron PARROT DF MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Diuron SEKOR 4L MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Diuron SUPERDI 4L MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. EPTC EPTAM 7-E Gowan Company Group Flumioxazin VALOR SX Valent U.S.A. Corporation Group Agricultural Products Halosulfuron-methyl PERMIT Gowan Company Group Halosulfuron-methyl SANDEA Gowan Company Group Halosulfuron-methyl + YUKON HERBICIDE Gowan Company Group 4; Group Dicamba, sodium salt Hexazinone VELOSSA Helena Chemical Company Group Hexazinone VELPAR DF DuPont Crop Protection Group Hexazinone VELPAR L HERBICIDE DuPont Crop Protection Group Mesotrione CALLISTO Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC Group Mesotrione + Atrazine CALLISTO XTRA Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC Group 5; Group Metribuzin DIMETRIC DF 75% Winfield Solutions LLC Group LSU AgCenter publication 1565

88 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 2. GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES REGISTERED FOR USE IN SUGARCANE IN LOUISIANA Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Group No. Based on Mechanism of Action EPA Registration No. Common name Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Metribuzin GLORY MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Metribuzin METRI 4F United Phosphorus, Inc. Group Metribuzin METRI DF HERBICIDE United Phosphorus, Inc. Group Metribuzin METRIBUZIN 75 Loveland Products, Inc. Group Metribuzin METRIBUZIN 75DF MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Metribuzin TRICOR 4F United Phosphorus, Inc. Group Metribuzin TRICOR DF United Phosphorus, Inc. Group MSMA MSMA-6 PLUS Drexel Chemical Company Group Paraquat dichloride BONFIRE United Phosphorus, Inc. Group Paraquat dichloride FIRESTORM Chemtura USA Corporation Group Paraquat dichloride GRAMOXONE INTEON Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC Group Paraquat dichloride GRAMOXONE SL Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC Group Paraquat dichloride GRAMOXONE SL 2.0 Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC Group Paraquat dichloride HELMQUAT 3SL HELM AGRO US, Inc. Group Paraquat dichloride PARAQUAT CONCENTRATE Solera Source Dynamics, LLC Group Paraquat dichloride PARA-SHOT 3.0 Sharda USA LLC Group Paraquat dichloride PARAZONE 3SL MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Paraquat dichloride QUIK-QUAT Drexel Chemical Company Group Pendimethalin ACUMEN TENKOZ., Inc. Group Pendimethalin FRAMEWORK 3.3 EC Winfield Solutions LLC Group Pendimethalin PENDANT 3.3 EC Winfield Solutions LLC Group Pendimethalin PENDIPRO 3.3 EC Independent Agribusiness Group Professionals, Inc. Pendimethalin PROWL 3.3 EC HERBICIDE BASF Ag Products Group Pendimethalin PROWL H2O BASF Ag Products Group Pendimethalin STEALTH Loveland Products, Inc. Group Sulfentrazone SPARTAN 4F HERBICIDE FMC Corporation Agricultural Products Group Sulfentrazone + Metribuzin AUTHORITY MTZ DF FMC Corporation Agricultural Products Group Group Group 5; Group LSU AgCenter publication 1565

89 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 2. GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES REGISTERED FOR USE IN SUGARCANE IN LOUISIANA Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Common name Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Group No. Based on Mechanism of Action EPA Registration No. Terbacil SINBAR WDG Tessenderlo Kerley, Inc. Group (NovaSource) Topramezon ARMEZON BASF Ag Products Group ,4-D, butoxyethyl ester+ CANDOR Nufarm Agricultural Products Group 4; Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester 2,4-D, butoxyethyl ester+ CROSSBOW HERBICIDE Dow AgroSciences LLC Group 4; Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester 2,4-D, butoxyethyl ester+ CROSSBOW L Loveland Products, Inc. Group 4; Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester 2,4-D, butoxyethyl ester+ CROSSBOW, TENKOZ. TENKOZ., Inc. Group 4; Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester 2,4-D, dimethylamine salt+ AQUASWEEP Nufarm Agricultural Products Group 4; Group Triclopyr, triethylamine salt Triclopyr TRYCERA Helena Chemical Company Group Triclopyr ELEMENT 4 Dow AgroSciences LLC Group Triclopyr RELEGATE RTU Nufarm Agricultural Products Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester GARLON 4 Dow AgroSciences LLC Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester GARLON 4 ULTRA Dow AgroSciences LLC Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester PATHFINDER II Dow AgroSciences LLC Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester REMEDY ULTRA Dow AgroSciences LLC Group Triclopyr, butoxyethyl ester TAHOE 4E HERBICIDE Nufarm Agricultural Products Group Triclopyr, triethylamine salt GARLON 3A Dow AgroSciences LLC Group Triclopyr, triethylamine salt PLATFORM HERBICIDE Nufarm Agricultural Products Group Triclopyr, triethylamine salt TAHOE 3A Nufarm Agricultural Products Group Trifloxysulfuron-Sodium ENVOKE Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC Group Trifluralin DINTEC TREFLAN 4D HERBICIDE Dintec Agrichemicals Group Trifluralin TREFLAN 4 EC HERBICIDE Helena Chemical Company Group Trifluralin TREFLAN 4L Loveland Products, Inc. Group Trifluralin TREFLAN HFP Dow AgroSciences LLC Group Trifluralin TREFLAN TR-10 HERBICIDE Dow AgroSciences LLC Group Trifluralin TRIFLURALIN 10G Loveland Products, Inc. Group LSU AgCenter publication 1565

90 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT TABLE 2. GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES REGISTERED FOR USE IN SUGARCANE IN LOUISIANA Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Group No. Based on Mechanism of Action EPA Registration No. Common name Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Trifluralin TRIFLURALIN 4 E.C., HELENA Helena Chemical Company Group Trifluralin TRIFLURALIN 4 EC (AGRI STAR) Albaugh, Inc./Agri Star Group Trifluralin TRIFLURALIN 4 EC, TENKOZ. TENKOZ., Inc. Group Trifluralin TRIFLURALIN 4EC, TENKOZ. TENKOZ., Inc. Group Trifluralin TRIFLURALIN HF Loveland Products, Inc. Group Trifluralin TRIFLUREX HFP MANA - Makhteshim Agan of North Group America, Inc. Trifluralin TRUST 10G Winfield Solutions LLC Group Trifluralin TRUST HERBICIDE Winfield Solutions LLC Group Information provided by the Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry through the Pesticide Registration website and from the CDMS website. This list is not inclusive of all products available. See herbicide label for specific crops and uses. The LSU AgCenter does not recommend or endorse specific herbicide brands. 89 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

91 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide TABLE 3. GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS REGISTERED FOR USE IN LOUISIANA WITH SURFACTANT RECOMMENDATIONS. 1 Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Rate Equivalent Based Glyphosate Concentration 2 Need for on 4 lbs. ai/gal Product Acid equivalent (a.e) Active ingredient (a.i.) Nonionic Surfactant qt 1.5 qt 2.0 qt Abundit Extra Nufarm 3 4 No Atila Nufarm 3 4 May be added* Atila Extra Nufarm 3 4 No Atila Plus Nufarm 3 4 No Buchaneer Tenkoz. 3 4 May be added** Buchaneer Plus Tenkoz. 3 4 May be added*** Buchaneer 5 Tenkoz. - 5 May be added* Cornerstone AgriSolutions (Winfield) 3 4 May be added** Cornerstone Plus AgriSolutions (Winfield) 3 4 May be added*** Cornerstone 5 Plus AgriSolutions (Winfield) Can be added**** Credit 41 Nufarm 3 4 No Credit 41 Extra Nufarm 3 4 No Credit Mixed Salt Nufarm May be added* Credit Extra Mixed Salt Nufarm May be added* Credit Duo Nufarm 3 4 May be added* Credit Duo Extra Nufarm 3 4 No Credit Systemic Nufarm 3 4 May be added* Credit Systemic Extra Nufarm 3 4 No Credit Xtreme Nufarm No Crop-Sure Glyphosate Plus Universal Crop Protection 3 4 May be added*** Czar Fusion Technologies 3 4 No Deal Tenkoz. 3 4 May be added** Deal Plus Tenkoz. 3 4 May be added*** Debit TMF Nufarm Yes* Durango Dow AgroSciences No LSU AgCenter publication 1565

92 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide TABLE 3. GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS REGISTERED FOR USE IN LOUISIANA WITH SURFACTANT RECOMMENDATIONS. 1 Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Rate Equivalent Based Glyphosate Concentration 2 Need for on 4 lbs. ai/gal Product Acid equivalent (a.e) Active ingredient (a.i.) Nonionic Surfactant qt 1.5 qt 2.0 qt Durango DMA Dow AgroSciences No Four Power Plus Loveland 3 4 No Genesis Extra Farm Advantage 3 4 May be added** Genesis Extra II Farm Advantage 3 4 May be added** Gly-4 Universal Crop Protection 3 4 May be added** Gly-4 Plus Universal Crop Protection 3 4 May be added*** Glycana Plus 41 Arcana 3 4 No Glyfine Plus Aceto 3 4 May be added*** Glyfos Cheminova 3 4 May be added** Glyfos X-tra Cheminova 3 4 No Glypho 41 UPI 3 4 May be added*** Glyphogan Makhteshim Agan of N.A. 3 4 May be added** Glyphomax XRT Dow AgroSciences No Glyphosate 4 Alligare 3 4 May be added** Glyphosate 41 Plus CropSmart 3 4 May be added** Glyphosate Plus Crop-Sure 3 4 May be added*** Glyphosate 5.4 Alligare Yes** Gly Pho-Sel Pro 41% Agrisel 3 4 No Glysort Glysortia 3 4 May be added** Glysort Plus Glysortia 3 4 No Gly Star Gold Albaugh 3 4 No Gly Star Original Albaugh 3 4 May be added** Gly Star Plus Albaugh 3 4 No Gly Star Pro Albaugh 3 4 No GlySupreme Plus MEY Corp. 3 4 No LSU AgCenter publication 1565

93 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide TABLE 3. GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS REGISTERED FOR USE IN LOUISIANA WITH SURFACTANT RECOMMENDATIONS. 1 Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Rate Equivalent Based Glyphosate Concentration 2 Need for on 4 lbs. ai/gal Product Acid equivalent (a.e) Active ingredient (a.i.) Nonionic Surfactant qt 1.5 qt 2.0 qt Grandslam 4XS AGRI Packaging & Logistics 3 4 May be added*** Helosate 70 Helm Agro US May be added** Helosate 75 SG Helm Agro US May be added** Helosate Plus Helm Agro US 3 4 May be added** Helosate Pro Helm Agro US 3 4 May be added** Honcho Monsanto 3 4 May be added*** Honcho Plus Monsanto 3 4 May be added*** Hoss Ultra Helena 3 4 No Lajj Plus Northmoose Chemicals 3 4 No Mad Dog Loveland 3 4 May be added** Mad Dog Plus Loveland 3 4 No Makaze Loveland 3 4 No Meychem 41% Glyphosate MEY Corporation 3 4 Can be added**** Mirage Loveland 3 4 May be added** Mirage Plus Loveland 3 4 No Rascal Winfield Solutions 3 4 May be added*** Rascal Plus Winfield Solutions 3 4 May be added*** Rascal Plus Glyphosate 41% Agriliance 3 4 May be added*** Reserve 41 Plus National Ag Chem Assoc. 3 4 No Roughneck Nufarm 3 4 No Roundup Original Monsanto 3 4 May be added*** Roundup OriginalMax Monsanto May be added***** Roundup PowerMax Monsanto May be added***** Roundup WeatherMax Monsanto No StrikeOut Loaded Libertas Now 3 4 May be added** LSU AgCenter publication 1565

94 SUGARCANE WEED MANAGEMENT 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide TABLE 3. GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS REGISTERED FOR USE IN LOUISIANA WITH SURFACTANT RECOMMENDATIONS. 1 Trade Name Manufacturer or Distributor Rate Equivalent Based Glyphosate Concentration 2 Need for on 4 lbs. ai/gal Product Acid equivalent (a.e) Active ingredient (a.i.) Nonionic Surfactant qt 1.5 qt 2.0 qt Tomahawk United Suppliers 3 4 May be added**** Tomahawk 5 United Suppliers Yes*** Touchdown HiTech Syngenta 5 -- Yes**** Touchdown Total Syngenta No Traxion Syngenta No Willowood Glyphosate 41% Willowood LLC 3 4 No Wise Up Plus MEY Corporation 3 4 No Z-Glyphosate 41 Max Fusion Technologies 3 4 No Information provided by the Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry through the Pesticide Registration website and the CDMS website. This list does not include all available glyphosate products. See herbicide label for specific crops and uses. The LSU AgCenter does not recommend or endorse specific herbicide brands. 2 Glyphosate concentration can be expressed based on acid equivalent (a.e.) or on active ingredient (a.i.). Both concentrations usually are provided on the herbicide label. For glyphosate products, the active portion of the herbicide molecule (the part that provides weed control) is the acid. To formulate a usable and stable product, the glyphosate parent acid is attached to a salt (e.g., isopropyl amine, potassium, etc.), increasing the molecular weight of the molecule but not affecting herbicidal activity. Therefore, the a.i. designation is always a larger number. 3 Most formulations of glyphosate contain some surfactant. The need for additional surfactant is based on how much surfactant is present in the formulation and the quality of the surfactant. The herbicide label may state that no additional surfactant is needed or recommended, that surfactant may be added or that surfactant is required and the amount is specified. It is critical that surfactant be added if required. Always consult the label for specific information on the need for surfactants and other adjuvants. For the products listed in Table 3 in regard to the need for surfactant, No= Label specifies that surfactant is not needed or nothing is included in reference to surfactant; Yes= * For surfactant at least 80 percent active, add 2 or more quarts unless otherwise indicated in specific crop or noncrop directions for using the product, ** For surfactant at least 50 percent active, add 2 or more quarts per 100 gallons water, *** For surfactant at least 70 percent active, add 2 to 4 quarts per 100 gallons water, **** For surfactant at least 75 percent active, add at 0.25 to 0.5 percent; May be or Can be applied= * For surfactant at least 80 percent active, add at percent volume ** For surfactant at least 70 percent active, add at 0.5 percent volume; less than 70 percent active ingredient add at 1 percent volume, *** Use surfactant at least 70 percent active, **** Surfactant active ingredient and rate not specified, ***** Recommended when carrier volume is above 30 gallons per acre or when product application rate is less than 16 oz./a; use surfactant at least 70 percent active and add at 0.25 to 0.5 percent volume; less than 70 percent active ingredient add at 1 percent volume. Note: 0.25 percent volume = 1 qt/100 gal; percent volume = 1.5 qt/100 gal; 0.5 percent volume = 2 qt/100 gal; 1 percent volume = 4 qt (1 gal) /100 gal. 4 Rate in pounds/a. Note: For AMS (ammonium sulfate), labels for all glyphosate products state that addition of AMS may increase performance. 93 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

95 PEANUT WEED MANAGEMENT PREPLANT: lbs./a Sonalan pt/a Most annual grasses; many smallseed annual broadleaf weeds Soil incorporate 2-3 inches deep soon after application. Bedding must not expose untreated soil. Use low rate lb./a Prowl pt/a Prowl 2 pt/a Annual grasses; small-seeded broadleaves for light and high rate for heavy soils. Apply at preplant incorporated up to 45 days before planting. For best performance incorporate within 7 days of applications. PREPLANT or PREEMERGENCE: lb./a 0.45 oz/a Broadleaf weeds Soil incorporate 1-3 inches deep. Should be tank-mixed with a grass herbicide. If surface-applied, at least inches of supplemental moisture is needed for activation. See label for complete rotation restrictions: cotton = 10 months; corn = 18 months (IR hybrids = 10 months); soybean = 0 months lb./A 3 oz/a Pigweeds, sida; other broadleaf weeds; some grass suppression lb./a Pursuit 4 oz/a Rate may be split 4 oz/a preplant incorporated or preemergence followed by 4 oz/a postemergence Several broadleaf weeds, many annual grasses, yellow nutsedge, purple nutsedge lbs./a Dual pt/a Annual grasses and pigweed; poor control of large-seeded broadleaf weeds Apply after planting, but no later than 2 days after planting. Do not irrigate when peanuts are cracking. Rainfall or irrigation at cracking will cause temporary crop injury that should result in reduced yields if applied according to the label. Do not apply more than 4 oz./a of Pursuit during the growing season. Do not graze or feed treated forage to livestock. See label for complete rotation restrictions: cotton = 18 months; wheat = 4 months. For preplant incorporation, apply within 14 days of planting. For pre-emergence (soil surface), apply after planting and before weeds emerge. May be tank-mixed with other PRE herbicide; consult label. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a 1.75 lbs./gal pt/a lb./a 2 lbs./gal pt/a Ultra pts/a Apply with 1-2 pt/100 gal Cocklebur, morningglory; fair control of other broadleaf weeds Pigweed, morningglory, wild poinsettia, sesbania Apply when weeds are small and actively growing, 2-12 weeks after planting. Low rates control cocklebur, highest rate for other weeds. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. See label for restrictions. Apply when weeds have 2-4 leaves. Do not apply to crop or weeds under stress. Do not apply Ultra Blazer within 75 days of harvest. Do not apply more than 2 pts/a during growing season. Rainfall received within 6 hours of application may reduce control. Do not graze or feed treated foliage to livestock. 94 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

96 PEANUT WEED MANAGEMENT POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Basagran 4 lbs./gal oz/a 5 lbs./gal oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal or 1-2 pt/100 gal Several broadleaf weeds; little to no control of morningglory species Early post-emergence when weeds are small and actively growing. Thorough coverage of weeds is essential. Do not apply if peanuts are under stress. 0.5 lb./a lb./a Storm 1.5 pt/a Apply with 1-2 pt/100 gal Several broadleaf weeds; increased control of morninglories over Basagran alone Do not apply if peanuts are under stress. Do not apply more than a total of 1.5 pints of Storm within 75 days of peanut harvest lb./a Select oz/a 2 lbs./gal 6 16 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100gal or 1 gal/100gal; see label Annual and perennial grasses Apply before grasses exceed height limit. Do not apply within 40 days of harvest. Other clethodim formulations have similar labeling lb./a 4 oz/a Apply with 1-2 pt/100 gal Several broadleaf species and nutsedge species; control or suppression of some grass species See label for details, precautions and plant-back intervals. For sicklepod, apply in combination with 2,4- DB lb./a 4 oz/a Rate may be split 2 oz/a preplant incorporated or preemergence followed by 2 oz/a postemergence Several broadleaf weeds, many annual grasses, yellow nutsedge, purple nutsedge Do not (1) apply more than 4 oz./a of Pursuit during the growing season; (2) graze or feed treated forage to livestock; or (3) apply within 45 days of harvest. See label for complete rotation restrictions: cotton = 18 months; wheat = 4 months lb./a Apply with 1-2 pt/100 gal Cobra 12.5 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100gal Control of pigweeds, morningglories, copperleaf, wild poinsettia, eclipta Apply after peanuts reach the 6-true-leaf stage. Preharvest interval is 90 days lb./a paraquat (2 lbs./gal 8 oz/a; paraquat (3 lbs./gal 5.33 oz/a Apply with 1-2 pt/100 gal Several grass and broadleaf weeds; when used alone, not effective on prickly sida or tropic croton Apply at cracking or early post-emergence up to 14 days after ground cracking. After that time, use in combination with Basagran or Storm. Peanut foliage injury is usually temporary. Conditions of high humidity, wet foliage and/or wet soils result in greater foliage burn. Thrips injury retards crop recovery. 95 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

97 PEANUT WEED MANAGEMENT POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a lb./a OR lb./a paraquat (2 lbs./gal 12 oz/a; paraquat (3 lbs./gal 8 oz/a Small, emerged annual grass and many broadleaf weeds pt/a OR pt/a Apply at cracking or early postemergence up to 28 days after ground cracking. Do not apply after flower initiation. Do not make more than 2 applications per crop. One pint is needed for nutsedge control. Use 0.5 pt./a of Basagran if added only as a safener lb./a Apply with 1-2pt/100 gal Poast pt/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal Annual and perennial grasses Apply before grasses exceed height limit. Do not apply to grasses under stress. Do not apply within 70 days of harvest. 96 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

98 BURNDOWN: glyphosate Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HOME GARDEN WEED MANAGEMENT HOME GARDENS Active Ingredient Product Rate per 1000 sq ft/1 gal 1 Remarks and Precautions Roundup 0.5-1oz/1,000 sq ft. Several brands available; consult labels for proper rates. Apply post-emergence on weeds. A nonselective post-emergent to be used before planting or crop emergence on actively growing weeds. Consult product label for plant back intervals. Avoid spray drift to desirable plants. Spray weeds to wet but not to drip. Crops labeled include beets, carrots, celery, corn, cole crops, English and Southern peas, Irish potatoes, Jerusalem artichoke, lima and snap beans, lettuce, greens, okra, onion, garlic, peanuts, radish, soybeans, sweet potatoes and asparagus (before spears appear). PRE-PLANT INCORPORATED: trifluralin Treflan 4 1/3 fl oz/1,000 sq ft on medium soil 1/2 fl oz/1,000 sq ft on heavy soils Apply before planting and incorporate. Use on snap or lima beans, cole crops, Irish potatoes, sunflowers and greens. Incorporate before transplanting tomatoes, cole crops, pepper and celery. Also for asparagus beds and at half-rate post-emergence (crop) between onion rows. Treflan controls many small-seeded broadleaf weeds (pigweeds) and annual grasses. PREEMERGENCE (before crops or weeds emerge): metolachlor Dual 1/2 oz/1,000 sq ft on sandy soil 1.0 fl. oz/1,000 sq ft on medium-heavy soil Apply before or after planting snap or lima beans, soybeans, sweet corn, peanuts, popcorn, Irish potatoes, Southern peas, English peas and chickpeas. Apply after planting snap or lima beans, sweet corn, peanuts, popcorn, Irish potatoes, southern pecans, English peas and chickpeas. Provides good residual grass control and controls some broadleaf weeds. Will not control emerged weeds. DCPA Dacthal 75% 4.0 oz/1,000 sq ft on sandy soil 5.0 oz./1,000 sq. ft. on med-heavy soil Apply after planting snap beans (not limas), Southern peas, greens, radish, garlic, onion, cole crops, Irish or sweet potatoes. Apply after transplanting tomatoes, peppers, cole crops and cucurbits. Apply 4-6 weeks after transplanting eggplants. Controls many annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds. POSTEMERGENCE (after crop and weeds emerge): bentazon Basagran 4 1/2-3/4 oz/1,000 sq ft Snap or lima beans, mint, Southern peas, peanuts, English peas and corn. Apply to small actively growing broadleaf weeds and yellow nutsedge. This treatment will not kill grasses. Very effective on yellow nutsedge. May need an adjuvant; see label. fluazifop Fusilade 0.5 oz/1,000 sq ft Apply with 0.33 oz/gal Spray on young actively growing grassy weeds. Spray to wet weed foliage. Use on asparagus, carrots, onions, spinach, sweet potatoes, hot peppers and non-bell peppers. 97 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

99 HOME GARDEN WEED MANAGEMENT HOME GARDENS Active Ingredient Product Rate per 1000 sq ft/1 gal 1 Remarks and Precautions POSTEMERGENCE (after crop and weeds emerge) continued: sethoxydim Poast & various other trade 1 oz/1000 sq ft Consult product label concerning surfactants Spray on young, actively growing grassy weeds. Spray to wet weed foliage. Use on asparagus, beans, cole crops, cabbage, cucumbers, peanuts, greens, lettuce, melons, peas, peppers, pumpkins, potatoes, squash or tomatoes. Sethoxydim may be found under various trade names like Poast, Hi-Yield Grass Killer and Ferti-lome Over the Top II. 1 The rates given in column 2 (Product Rate) are based on the amount of material needed to treat 1,000 square feet. This amount of herbicide plus adjuvant (if required) should be diluted in 1 gal. of water and evenly distributed over 1,000 sq. ft. To find the amount of product needed if the area treated is different from 1,000 sq. ft., use the following formula: [product rate, in oz. (column 2) x (area to be treated, in sq. ft. 1,000)]. To find the volume necessary to spray, use the following formula: [area to be treated, in sq. ft. 1,000]. Example: area to be treated is 2,500 sq. ft. Want to spray Fusilade 0.5 oz/1,000 sq. ft. Total product needed: [0.5 x (2, )] or 1.25 oz. Total volume needed is [2,500 1,000] or 2.5 gal. 2 Refer to Appendix A for more information on various glyphosate brands and formulations. 98 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

100 TABLE 1. Turfgrass tolerance to selected herbicides* bermudagrass 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT centipedegrass St. Augustinegrass zoysia PREEMERGENCE HERBICIDES POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES atrazine D T T T 2,4-D T I I T benefin T T T T 2,4-D + mecoprop + dicamba T I I T benefin + oryzalin T T T T atrazine D T T T bensulide T T T T bentazon T T T T bensulide + oxadiazon T NR NR T carfentrazone T T T T dithiopyr T T T T chlorsulfuron T T-I T-I T indaziflam T T T T isoxaben T T T T clopyralid T T T T metolachlor T T T T dicamba T I I T oryzalin T T T T diclofop T NR NR NR oxadiazon T NR T T fenoxaprop NR NR NR T pendimethalin T T T T fluazifop NR NR NR I prodiamine T T T T foramsulfuron T NR NR T simazine I T T T imazaquin T T T T sulfentrazone + prodiamine T T NR T iodosulfuron + thiencarbazone + dicamba T T T T metribuzin T-I NR NR NR metsulfuron T T T T *Abbreviations: MSMA T NR NR T-I T= Tolerant at labeled rates pronamide T NR NR NR rimsulfuron T T NR T I = Intermediate safety sethoxydim NR T NR NR sulfentrazone T T NR T NR = Not recommended/labeled severe injury potential sulfosulfuron T T T T triclopyr + clopyralid I I NR I D = Dormant trifoxyfulfuron T NR NR T thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + T NR NR NR halosulfuron bermudagrass centipedegrass St. Augustinegrass zoysia 99 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

101 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT GENERAL HOME LAWN WEED CONTROL Home lawn broadleaf weed control can often be accomplished using selective post-emergence formulations that contain two or more herbicides. Formulations are available for most Southern grasses. Examples are Bayer Advanced Southern Weed Killer, Trimec Southern, Ferti-lome Weed Free Zone, Ortho Weed-B-Gon, Atrazine, MSM Turf (metsulfuron). Most labels will stress their use on younger weeds growing in the cooler mid-spring to early summer period. A temporary discoloration of the lawn usually occurs. Repeat application in 3-4 weeks if needed on persistent weeds. WARNING: Some of these products contain phenoxy herbicides; avoid drift, keep away from gardens and clean sprayers thoroughly with ammonia. Atrazine-containing products enter through roots and leaves and work more slowly. Note that MSMA is no longer labeled for home lawn use; however, existing quantities of MSMA purchased prior to 2010 may have a product label that allows for use on home lawns. Many manufacturers offer herbicides impregnated on fertilizer for homeowner use. However, these products have to be applied according to their intended use. Products containing a pre-emergence herbicide have to be applied before the weed emerges. For crabgrass, application is typically early March in northern areas of Louisiana and mid- to late February in the southern portion of the state. A good rule of thumb is that Forsythia plants begin to bloom just prior to crabgrass emergence. If sufficient rainfall is not received, irrigation should be applied to activate the herbicide. Be sure to read and follow the manufacturer s label for maximum weed control and application instructions. Use a good quality spreader and make every effort to apply the product uniformly to the lawn. A good practice to ensure uniform application is to apply one-half of the desired amount in one direction across the lawn and the second half of the desired amount perpendicular to the first application. Virginia buttonweed infesting St. Augustinegrass, centipedegrass, bermudagrass and zoysia lawns: A herbicide program approach is necessary for managing Virginia buttonweed. Apply trimec type products, such as Weed B Gon or Weed Free Zone, on newly emerged buttonweed starting in mid- to late April when temperatures are less than 85 degrees. Repeat application within two weeks if possible. Once temperatures exceed 85 degrees, apply metsulfuron or Celsius every four to six weeks in lawns with very high buttonweed populations. The best defense against weeds in a home lawn is to have a dense, healthy turf canopy. Be certain to remove no more than one third of the height of the turf in a single mowing. Maintain St. Augustinegrass at 3 inches. St. Augustinegrass will not tolerate short mowing. Centipedegrass, common bermudagrass and zoysia should be maintained at 1.5 inches tall. Follow a recommended fertility regimen for your specific turf species and location. 100 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

102 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT LAWNS and OTHER TURF AREAS PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a Aatrex and Various other formulations (See qt/a or fl oz/1000 sq. ft lbs./a Balan lbs./a or 2.75 lbs./1,000 sq. ft lbs./a Bensumec gal./a or 5.6 oz. to 11.2 oz./1,000 sq. ft. Pre-San lbs./a or 2.46 lb to 4.1 lbs./1000 sq. ft. Poa, winter annuals such as henbit, chickweeds and lawn burweed. Crabgrass, goosegrass, Poa annua (annual bluegrass) and certain other annuals Crabgrass, goosegrass, Poa annua and small seeded broadleaves Restricted use. Use only 1 qt./a per application. Safely applied to St. Augustine, centipede, zoysia and dormant bermudagrass late fall or early winter. Do not use in overseed areas. Do not apply near drip-line of trees and shrubs. Apply in late Feb. to early March in south La. and early to mid- March in north La. for many summer annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. Retreat in mid-sept. in north La. and early to mid-oct. in south La. for winter annuals. Do not seed treated areas within 4 months of last application. Use on established turf only. Apply in Feb. to early March in south La. and early March in north La. Apply in mid-sept. in north La. and early Oct. in south La. for Poa. Do not seed treated areas within 4 months of last application. Use on established turf only. Labeled for established bermudagrass greens lbs./a Tower oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Pre-emergence on most annual grasses, certain broadleaf weeds, doveweed, yellow nutsedge Most established Southern grasses grown in La. Good preemergence control of yellow nutsedge. Apply in Feb. to early March in south La. & early March in north La. Apply in mid- Sept. in north La. & early Oct. in south La. for Poa. dimethenamid lbs./a lbs./a or 2.3 lb. 4.6 lbs./1,000 sq. ft. Pre-emergence on most annual grasses, certain broadleaf weeds, doveweed, yellow nutsedge Most established Southern grasses grown in La. Good preemergence control of yellow nutsedge. Apply in Feb. to early March in south La. and early March in north La. Apply in mid- Sept. in north La & early Oct. in south La. for Poa lb./a Dimension 1 2 qt./a or 1.5 oz./1,000 sq. ft. indaziflam lb./a lb./a Dimension Ultra lb./a or 0.35 oz./1000 sq. ft. Specticle oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Specticle 6 10 oz/a or /1000 sq. ft. Gallery lbs./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Crabgrass, Poa, foxtail, crowfoot, barnyardgrass, goosegrass, small-seeded annual broadleaves Crabgrass, Poa, foxtail, crowfoot, barnyardgrass, goosegrass, several annual broadleaves Many broadleaves. No grasses are controlled. May tank-mix with compatibles. Delay overseeding or sprigging for 3 mos. after application. Provides PRE control of several annual grasses and limited POST control of crabgrass. Apply on established turf only. May be used on all southern turf species. Apply prior to weed emergence. Consider split applications approximately 60 days after the initial. Apply on established turf only. May be used on most Southern turf species. Do not use on greens. Do not apply through irrigation. Keep in agitation. Can tankmix with other products. All established turfgrasses are tolerant. 101 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

103 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT LAWNS and OTHER TURF AREAS PREEMERGENCE continued: oxadiazon lbs./a Goosegrass/Crabgrass lbs./a or 2.6 Crabgrass, goosegrass, Poa annua Apply on established zoysia, perennial ryegrass and bermudagrass. May be applied to established greens and lbs./1,000 sq. ft lb./a Barricade lbs./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Barricade pt/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. 0.5 lb./a Kerb 1 lb./a or 0.37 oz./1,000 sq. ft lbs./a Pendulum pt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Pendulum AquaCap pt./a or 1.15 oz. 2.3 oz./1,000 sq. ft. Crabgrass, Poa annua, foxtail, crowfootgrass, barnyardgrass, goosegrass, small-seeded annual broadleaves Pre- or early post- in fall or winter for control of Poa annua Goosegrass, crabgrass, small-seeded broadleaves tee boxes. On established turf, including ryegrass. Long residual. Use caution if winter kill of existing turf is suspected. Most grasses are tolerant. Split applications for goosegrass. May be applied to established greens and tee boxes. Use on dormant or active bermudagrass for Poa. Ryegrass overseed, fescues and bentgrass will be injured. Acts mainly through root absorption. Beware of runoff onto sensitive grasses. Do not use within 70 days prior to overseeding. Postemergence activity is slow (1-2 mos). Restricted use. For established warm-season grasses. Not for spring use when turf suffers from severe winter kills. Irrigate after application. All Southern grasses are tolerant. Pendulum lbs./a or lbs./1,000 sq. ft lbs./a Pennant Magnum 7.62 pt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. sulfentrazone + prodiamine lbs./a Echelon pt./a or oz/1,000 sq. ft. Ronstar lbs./a or lbs./1,000 sq. ft. Regal Ronstar lbs./a or lbs./1000 sq. ft. Ronstar 50 WP@ 4 6 lbs./a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Poa, goosegrass, crabgrass, yellow nutsedge, some annual sedges, small-seeded broadleaves Annual grasses, annual sedges, yellow nutsedge, certain broadleaf weeds Poa annua, crabgrass, goosegrass, oxalis, many other annual grasses and broadleaf weeds For warm-season turfs. Not for tees or greens. Do not overseed 4 months prior or 6 months after. Also for ornamentals. Apply safely to bermudagrass, centipedegrass, zoysia and seashore paspalum after the second mowing. Do not apply on St. Augustinegrass. For use on established St. Augustine, zoysia and bermudagrass only. Do not exceed 150 lbs./a (3 lb. active) on St. Augustine turf. May cause temporary discoloration. Do not apply to centipedegrass or bermudagrass golf greens. Can split applications 30 days apart. 50WP for dormant turf. Apply 50 WP several weeks prior to greenup. Commercial turf only. 102 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

104 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT LAWNS and OTHER TURF AREAS PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a Rubigan oz./a or oz./1000 sq. ft.; repeat In days. Poa annua Apply to greens and tees prior to overseeding in 2-3 applications. Final application should be made 2 weeks prior to overseed. Acts by reducing Poa annua growth to allow overseed to dominate on bermudagrass greens. Rubigan is an effective, locally systemic, broad spectrum fungicide for dollarspot and brown patch. Single, double or triple split application. Single applications provide poor Poa annua control. 3.0 lbs./a Surflan 4 3 qt./a or 2.2 oz./1,000 sq. ft. Crabgrass, rye, goosegrass, barnyard grasses, foxtails and Poa annua as well as many broadleaves Not for greens or tees. Delay reseeding 3-4 mos. Safe for all established warm-season grasses. 1 2 lbs./a Simazine qt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Provides excellent control of Poa annua as well as many winter broadleaves Safely applied to St. Augustine, centipede, zoysia and bermudagrass late fall or early winter. Do not use in overseeded areas. May be applied Sept. 1 to June 1. Some triazine resistant Poa populations becoming more present in the state. SELECTIVE POSTEMERGENCE: lbs./a Aatrex and Various other formulations (See qt./a or fl oz./1,000 sq. ft. 1 2 lbs./a Simazine qt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft lb./a 2.1 lbs./a Acclaim fl. oz./a fl. oz./1,000 sq. ft Asulox pt./a oz./1,000 sq. ft. Florida betony, Poa, dollarweed, lespedeza, henbit, lawn burweed Good post control of Poa annua and many winter broadleaves Early post-emergence: several annual grasses and bermudgrass suppression. Crabgrass, goosegrass, sandbur Restricted use. Do not apply more than 1 qt./a per application. Safely applied to St. Augustine, centipede, zoysia and dormant bermudagrass in early winter for several winter weeds. Do not use in overseed areas. Do not apply near drip-line of trees and shrubs. Safely applied to St. Augustine, centipede, zoysia and bermudagrass late fall or early winter. Do not use in overseeded areas. Apply after last home game on non-overseeded football fields. Can be safely applied to zoysia. Suppresses bermudagrass infesting zoysia. Post-emergence: use in Tifway 419 bermudagrass and St. Augustinegrass sod. Do not apply to residential turf. Do not apply to freshly mowed or stressed turf. Do not use surfactant. One application per season. Some discoloration may occur, especially in hot weather. Injurious to centipedegrass. 103 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

105 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT LAWNS and OTHER TURF AREAS SELECTIVE POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Banvel pt./a or 1-2 tsp./1,000 sq. ft lbs./a Basagran T/O or Lescogran 4 SL 1 2 qt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft lb./a Certainty oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft lbs./a Prograss gal./a or 3 6 oz./1,000 sq. ft. on lt soil oz/1,000 sq. ft. on med-hvy soil dicamba lb./A triclopyr plus lb./a oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Confront pt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. or pump-up 1 tbsp./gal. for spot treatments 0.75/A Drive 75 DF 1 lb./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Annual and biennial broadleaves, woody brush and vines. Chickweed, white clover, henbit, burweed, wild strawberry, curly dock, spotted spurge Yellow nutsedge and annual sedges; green kyllinga with repeat applications Yellow and purple nutsedge, green kyllinga, johnsongrass Annual grasses (Poa annua), pigweed, chickweed, purslane, barnyardgrass, crabgrass, foxtail; suppresses nutsedge Same weeds controlled with Banvel Many annual and perennial broadleaves; black medic, white clover, chickweed, burweed, lespedeza, wild violet, Virginia buttonweed Crabgrass, barnyardgrass, lespedeza, clover; suppression of torpedograss Use on deep-rooted, stubborn broadleaves. Apply sufficient gallons to coat foliage down to base of plant. Repeat application may be needed. Do not exceed 0.5 lb. per acre per year. Applications over 0.25 lb./a may temporarily stunt and discolor some grasses. Apply no more than 0.5 pt./a to St. Augustinegrass. May be tank-mixed with 2,4-D, MCPP, MCPA (consult label). Use on established warm-season grasses turf. Can repeat at days. Do not apply more than 3 qt./a/season. Do not mow 3-5 days before or after application. May add crop oil concentrate. Safe on all warm-season turfgrasses and very effective on most sedges including green kyllinga also controls johnsongrass. Apply pre- or early post-emerge. Hastens or extends dormancy in bermudagrass. Therefore, apply 3-4 wks after overseeding. Do not overlap. Repeat once for extended control. Overseed only with perennial ryegrass. Maximum 8 pt./a/season. Seasonal influences on bermudagrass recovery can be significant for Baton Rouge and southward. After green-up. To avoid injury to newly emerged grasses, wait until after the second mowing to apply. Applications of more than 16 oz./a may discolor susceptible grasses. Consult label. Do not exceed 32 oz./a/yr. See recommendations for sensitive grasses. Post-emergence on active weeds. Repeat if necessary. May be used on bermudagrass, centipedegrass and zoysia. Do not apply on St. Augustinegrass. Avoid drift and contact of shrubs. Not for golf greens or tees. A maximum 2 qt./a/yr. Do not apply to residential turf. For bermudagrass and zoysia. Do not apply to centipedegrass, St. Augustinegrass or bahiagrass. Three applications needed for torpedograss management. quinclorac, sulfentrazone, lbs./a Drive XLR 64 oz/a or 1.45 oz/1000 ft 2 Q4 5 7 pt./a or oz./1,000 ft 2 Crabgrass, barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, foxtail, lespedeza, clover, Florida betony, yellow nutsedge Warm-season application is limited to bermudagrass. Reduced crabgrass control at 3 to 4 tillers. Apply at least 2 days before mowing or 2 days after. Do not apply to centipedegrass or St. Augustinegrass. 104 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

106 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT LAWNS and OTHER TURF AREAS SELECTIVE POSTEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a Illoxan oz./a oz./1,000 sq. ft. Goosegrass infesting bermudagrass on golf courses including greens Post-emergence control of goosegrass up to 1 tiller. Apply on established bermudagrass. Do not tank-mix with fertilizers or other pesticides. Do not overseed treated area for at least 2 months following application. Avoid mowing treated areas for 36 hours. Restricted use. Herbicide no longer being produced lb./a lb./a Image oz. or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Lontrel pt./a oz./1,000 sq. ft. Chickweed, henbit, geranium, pigweed, onions, purple nutsedge, burweed, sandbur; suppression of kyllinga and dollarweed Broadleaf weeds, including legumes and buttonweed Can be used on all warm-season grasses. However, do not apply to dormant or transitional St. Augustinegrass. Do not tank-mix with other post-emergence herbicides. Not for coolseason grasses or golf greens. Some yellowing may occur especially in tire tracks or low areas. Repeat for improved control. Safely applied to all warm-season grasses. Do not use on putting greens or tees. No surfactant is needed. Can provide effective control of Virginia buttonweed but repeated applications may be necessary. Avoid drift to susceptible ornamental plants. Do not apply to residential turf lb./a Various trade names including: Blade, Manor, Mansion, MSM etc oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Pensacola bahiagrass, clovers, rose (pink) woodsorrel, many winter broadleaves; suppression of buttonweed with 2 applications sprayed 6 weeks apart Controls a wide range of broadleaf weeds. Labeled for St. Augustinegrass, bermudagrass, zoysia, centipedegrass. Do not exceed 0.5 oz./a on centipedegrass. Do not overseed for 8 weeks after application lbs./a MSMA qt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. MSMA qt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft lb./a Sedgehammer oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. or 0.25 tsp./gal. spot Bahiagrass, crabgrass, dallisgrass, nutsedges Nutsedges (purple & yellow); suppression of kyllinga species Bermudagrass and zoysia are tolerant. A 6 lbs./gal. formulation has surfactant, but 6.6 lbs./gal. formulation does not. Best performance can be expected when air temperatures are at least 80 degrees. Repeat applications are required 7-10 days apart. Dallisgrass control requires multiple applications. Emerald zoysia is susceptible to MSMA. See application restrictions on label. Post-emergence with repeat application necessary within 6 weeks with heavy infestations. Use non-ionic surfactant. Can be used on all warm-season grasses. 105 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

107 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT LAWNS and OTHER TURF AREAS SELECTIVE POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a lb./a Monument oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Spot oz./gallon + 2 teaspoons of non-ionic surfactant. TranXit GTA and generics oz./a or oz./1000 sq. ft. Purple, yellow, annual sedges; green kyllinga, oxalis, white clover, spotted spurge, Poa, ryegrass overseed, Virginia buttonweed Poa annua, perennial ryegrass overseed Bermudagrass and zoysia only. Excellent sedge and green kyllinga control. Suppresses Virginia buttonweed. Repeat applications may be needed 4 wks after initial application for buttonweed. Use rates oz./a for overseed removal. Allow 6 wks between last application and overseeding with ryegrasses. May be applied on bermudagrass golf greens. Poa annua control in non-overseeded bermudagrass. Transitional aid for the removal of ryegrass overseed. May be used on established bermudagrass golf greens and tees. iodosulfuron + thiencarbazone lb./a thiencarbazone lb./a Celsius oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Tribute Total oz./a or oz./1000 sq. ft. Broadleaf weeds such as white clover, chickweed, buttonweed; suppression of dallisgrass with sequential applications or applied as spot Several grassy and broadleaf weeds including ryegrass, Poa, clovers, buttonweed; suppression of dallisgrass Excellent safety on most lawn grasses grown in La. except carpetgrass. Good safety on St. Augustinegrass in hot weather. Do not apply to a turf overseeded with cool-season grasses such as perennial ryegrass. Do not apply to carpetgrass. Bermudagrass only. Use a non-ionic surfactant. Provides good suppression of dallisgrass when applied in 2 applications in late summer to early 3.2 oz./a per application. Can be helpful in the management of buttonweed lb./a lb./a Katana oz./a or oz./1000 ft 2 Sencor oz./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. Effective removal of perennial ryegrass and Poa trivialis overseed; also controls annual bluegrass, blue-eyed grass and newly emerged crabgrass. Chickweed, henbit, burweed, Speedwell, goosegrass when tank-mixed with MSMA Bermudagrass or zoysia with some limited low rate use in centipedegrass. Do not apply on golf greens. Post-emergence on dormant bermudagrass turf (use higher rates). Actively growing turf (mid-spring) bermudagrass only. Do not apply on golf greens, tees or aprons. Delay mowing for at least 3 days before spray. Do not exceed 1.5 lbs./a/season or more than 1 application on dormant or 2 applications on active turf. Mix with MSMA at lb./a for goosegrass control. Penoxulam + sulfentrazone + 2,4-D lb./a Avenue South pt./a or 1.10 to 1.80 oz./1000 ft 2 Dollarweed, clover, buttonweed, spurge Good safety on St. Augustinegrass and safe for all Deep South turf varieties. Consult label for specific turf rates. Good control of many cool season and summer broadleaf weeds. 106 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

108 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT LAWNS and OTHER TURF AREAS SELECTIVE POSTEMERGENCE continued: 2,4-D + MCPP lbs./a 2,4-D + MCPP lb./a 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba lb./a Trimec Classic pt./a (consult label for other turf) or oz./1,000 sq. ft. for hybrid Bermuda and 1 oz./1,000 sq. ft. for St. Augustinegrass or centipedegrass Trimec Southern pt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. (consult label for specific turf) Speed Zone South pt./a or oz./1,000 sq. ft. for hybrid Bermuda 1 oz./1,000 sq. ft. for St. Augustinegrass or centipedegrass 2,4-D lb./a 2,4-D amine pt./a or 1.0 oz. or 2 tbsp./2 gal. water/1,000 sq. ft. 0.28/A Spot 0.5 oz/gallon/1000 sq. ft in St. Segment pt./a or 0.83 fl oz./1,000 sq. ft. Virginia buttonweed, Henbit, lespedeza, clovers, dandelion, dock, burweed, bull thistle, wild strawberry and many other broadleaves Henbit, lespedeza, clovers, dandelion, dock, lawn burweed, bull thistle, wild strawberry and many other broadleaves Virginia buttonweed, Henbit, lespedeza, clovers, dandelion, dock, lawn burweed, bull thistle, wild strawberry and many other broadleaves Many annual, biennial and perennial broadleaf weeds. Crabgrass, goosegrass; other annual grasses; suppression of bermudagrass; temporary suppression of torpedograss; poor control of carpetgrass Consult label for specific turf rates. Provides good control of many broadleaf weeds. Avoid nontarget drift. For clover, 4 pt./a is recommended. Maximum of 2 applications per year. Do not apply when temperatures exceed 85 F. May be applied to most Southern turf. However, use rates vary for particular grass species. Use 1.5 pt./a in St. Augustinegrass. Contains less 2,4-D than Trimec Classic. Do not apply when temperatures exceed 90 degrees. May be used in most warm-season turfgrass. Consult label for specific turf rates. Provides good control of many broadleaf weeds. Avoid nontarget drift. Do not apply when temperatures exceed 85 degrees. St. Augustinegrass is the most sensitive warm-season turf. Use spot treatments instead of broadcast. Apply on sunny days when the temperature is well above 60 degrees and there is little wind presence. Observe regional rules concerning 2,4-D use in cotton-producing areas of the state. Post-emergence on grassy weeds in centipede. May be used on seedling centipedegrass (delay application until 3 in. of new stolon growth) and established centipedegrass. Apply at 1.5 pt./a rate for seedling centipedegrass. Ensure good coverage of target foliage. Use during good growing conditions. If centipedegrass is cold-stressed, delay application until 3 weeks after green up. A maximum 2 applications/year on established centipede. Only suppresses torpedograss. For bahiagrass suppression, reapply days after first application. Some limited torpedograss suppression with 2 applications spaced 3 weeks apart. 107 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

109 LAWN AND TURF WEED MANAGEMENT LAWNS and OTHER TURF AREAS SOIL FUMIGANT: lbs./a Basamid lbs./a or 8 lbs./1,000 sq. ft. Soil treatment that kills most weeds prior to planting. Follow label carefully. Apply prior to planting. Fall for early spring planting. Soil fumigant used 2-4 weeks ahead of planting depending on soil temperature. Toxic to fish. NON-SELECTIVE: diquat lb./a glufosinate lbs./a Reward pt./a fl oz./1,000 sq. ft. Various other formulations Finale qt./a or spot treatment oz./gal. Most annual weeds Most weeds, including Asian jasmine Use on dormant bermudagrass and for edging. Top burn kill; same as paraquat. Presently a 24C label. Add a non-ionic surfactant, if advised. Not effective on perennial weeds. Nonselective burndown like paraquat. Locally systemic. Many tank-mix combinations. Use g/a for sufficient coverage. glyphosate lb. Roundup Pro 4 SL and qt./a for annuals or qt./a for perennials and turf renovation oz./1,000 sq. ft. or Spot 1 2% solution 1 See Appendix A for glyphosate products and their surfactant requirements. Most grasses and herbaceous broadleaves This nonselective herbicide is systemic. Spray foliage to wet. Leaves should have no heavy dust cover. Use when no rain is expected for at least 6 hours. Plants should not be stressed. Use when target vegetation is actively growing. For turf renovation, wait 7-10 days before cultivating. Not for use on dormant St. Augustine, centipede or carpetgrass. 108 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

110 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT STRAWBERRY Directed FALLOW BED: lb./a Goal pt./ai Winter annual broadleaf weeds such as Carolina geranium and evening primrose PREEMERGENCE: 1-2 lbs./a Princep 1-2 qt/a Annual bluegrass, large crabgrass, henbit, evening-primrose, chickweed, other weeds listed on the label 4.0 lbs./a Devrinol 8.0 lbs./a Devrinol 2 2 gal/a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Apply to fallow beds. May retreat on 30-day intervals up to planting. Apply to clean, smooth, established beds. Rainfall (0.25 inch) is necessary to activate chemical. Apply to furrows between raised beds covered with plastic mulch in a min. of 20 gal. of water/acre after transplanting when the furrows are firm, free of standing water and prior to weed emergence. (Section 24C label). Apply after planting or to established beds before weeds emerge. Mechanically incorporate or irrigate into the soil to a depth of 1-2 inches within 24 hr. of application. Do not apply from bloom through harvest. Do not exceed a maximum application rate of 8 lbs. per acre per crop cycle. 0.1lb./A Chateau WDG and oz/a Broadleaf weeds Apply to row middles with a hooded sprayer for preemergence control for broadleaf weeds before weeds emerge. Do not apply after fruit set. Do not allow spray or spray drift to come in contact with the fruit foliage. Crop spotting may occur if an adjuvant is added. Application after fruit set may result in spotting of fruit and should be avoided. Do not make more than one application per growing season lbs./a POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Prowl H2O@ pt./a Coarse soil 1.5 pt./a Medium soils 2.0 to 2.5pt./A Fine soils 2.5 to 3.0 pt./a pt./a Apply with 2 pt./a Pump up sprayer:.3-2 oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC 6-8oz/A Apply with 2 pt./a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Select oz/gal COC) Broadleaf weeds, annual grasses Perennial and annual grasses Annual and perennial grasses, annual bluegrass Apply to row middles. Do not apply within 35 days of harvest. DO NOT apply more than 3.0 pt. per acre per application. DO NOT apply more than 6.0 pt. per acre per season. Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated fields. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights. Bearing and nonbearing. Use flat fan nozzle tips. Do not apply within 7 days of harvest. Do not exceed 2.5 pt. of Poast per season. Apply at post-emergence to actively growing grasses. Do not apply under stressed conditions or if rainfall is expected within 4 days of harvest. Do not apply more than 8 oz./a in a single application. For repeat applications make at a minimum of 14-day intervals. 109 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

111 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT STRAWBERRY Directed DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: 1-2 lbs./a lb./a /A 0.49 lb,/a Princep 1-2 qt/a + Gramoxone 2 pt./a Apply with 1-2 pt./100 gal Aim oz Apply with 1 gal/100 gal or 2 pt./100 gal. Gramoxone 32 oz/a Apply with 1 pt./100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.5 oz/gal Gramoxone oz/gal NIS Weeds controlled by Princep 4L plus those controlled by Gramoxone SL Post-emergent control of broadleaf weeds Annual broadleaf and grasses; suppression of perennials in the interspaces and around base of bushes or vines Apply between beds covered with plastic mulch as a directed spray in 20 GPA. Apply after transplanting when furrows are firm and free of standing water. See comments above for paraquat and simazine. May be applied as a preplant burndown treatment and/or as a post-directed spray on row middles. May be tankmixed with other registered herbicides. Apply in a minimum of 20 gal. water/a as a directed spray between rows. Use shields to avoid injury. Do not apply within 21 days of harvest. Do not apply more than 3 times per season. Do not allow spray to contact plants. 110 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

112 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT BLACKBERRY: Erect and Trailing Blackberry (Dewberry) PREEMERGENCE: 2-4 lbs./a Simazine 4L, 2-4 qt/a Annual weeds and grasses 2-6 lbs./a Simazine 90DF, Princep 90, lbs./a Surflan qt/a Oryzalin 4 qt/a Annual grasses, certain annual broadleaf weeds Apply as pre-emergence spring application or as split applications once in spring and once in fall. On plants less than 6 months old, use one-half rate. Do not apply when fruit is present or illegal residues may result. Do not contact fruit, foliage or stems. Use minimum of 40 gal. of water per acre. Apply before annual weeds emerge. Can be applied to new plantings after soil has settled and no cracks are present. Use low rate for short-term control (2-4 months); high rate for long-term control (6-8 months). Apply in strip in plant rows; do not apply to row middles or drive rows lbs./a Solicam lbs./a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Apply prior to weed seed germination and rainfall or irrigation is likely within 4 weeks of application. Apply post-harvest in the fall or early spring. Delay application to newly established vines until 18 months after planting if west of the Mississippi River and 6 months if east of the river. The soil should be settled, firm and relatively free of weeds and debris at the time of application. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. Use the low rate on coarse-textured soils, high rate on fine-textured soils. Make one application per year. Solicam may result in temporary bleaching or chlorosis of the leaves from which the plant will recover. DO NOT graze treated areas. 4.0 lbs./a POSTMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Devrinol 8.0 lbs./a Devrinol 2 2 gal/a Fusilade fl oz/a Add COC or NIS; see label pt./a Add COC or NIS; see label Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Perennial and annual grasses Perennial and annual grasses Apply to a weed-free soil surface. May be applied to newly planted or to established crop. Do not exceed a maximum application rate of 8 lbs. per acre per crop cycle. Apply at post-emergence to NONBEARING plants that will not be harvested within 1 year. DO NOT contact foliage. Perennial grasses may require sequential applications for adequate control. Does not control nutsedge. Fusilade DX herbicide is rainfast 1 hour after application. Apply at post-emergence. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. 111 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

113 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT BLACKBERRY: Erect and Trailing Blackberry (Dewberry) POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Select fl. oz./a Annual and perennial grass weeds Apply as a directed spray to the base of the canes. Select Max can be applied to bearing and nonbearing plants; however, Arrow and Select can only be applied to nonbearing plants. Include a non-ionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v. The PHI for Select Max is 7 days. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a up to 0.1 lb./a Gramoxone 2-4 pt./a Firestorm pt./a Apply with approved adjuvant; see label. Aim up to 6.4 oz Apply with 1 gal/100 gal or 2 pt./100 gal. Annual weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennials in the interspaces and around base of bushes or vines Post-directed application for control of primocanes and broadleaf weeds. Apply at post-emergence as a coarse directed spray to avoid injury. Apply before emergence of new canes or shoots. Do not allow spray to contact green bark of canes or foliage. Apply in 50 gal. of water. Maximum number of applications per year is 5. May be applied to the bottom 18 inches of the canes and also to contact the soil out to 24 inches on each side of the plant row as a post-directed spray at intervals of days. Apply when primocanes are 6 inches high using the maximum rate in a minimum of 20 gal. of water. Most sensitive annual weeds can be controlled using a 1- to 2-oz. rate. 112 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

114 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT BLUEBERRY PREEMERGENCE: 2-4 lbs./a Simazine 4L, 2-4 qt/a Annual weeds and grasses Make single application in spring before bud break and before weed emergence or split applications once in spring and once in fall. On plants less than 6 months old use one-half rate. Simazine 90DF, Princep 90, lbs./a lbs./a Solicam lbs./a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Apply in fall or early spring prior to weed emergence. Delay applications until 6 months after planting. Avoid contact of fruit or and foliage. Rainfall or irrigation is required within 4 weeks of application. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. 2-6 lbs./a Surflan 2-6 qt./a Oryzalin 4 qt./a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Apply at pre-emergence. DO NOT apply to newly established plants until soil has settled. Apply before annual weeds emerge lb./a Chateau oz./a Broadleaf and grass weeds Do not apply to blueberries established less than 2 years. Do not allow spray or spray drift to come in contact with the fruit foliage. Crop spotting may occur if an adjuvant is added. Application after fruit set may result in spotting of fruit and should be avoided. Do not apply within 7 days of harvest lbs./a 4.0 lbs./a Diuron qt/a Karmex DF, Diuron lbs./a Devrinol 8.0 lbs./a Devrinol 2 2 gal/a Annual weeds Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds lbs./a lbs./a Pre-emergence control of certain annual and perennial broadleaf and grass weeds. Use only where blueberries have been established for at least 1 year. Apply as directed spray to the base of the bush, avoiding contact of fruit and foliage with spray. Apply in late fall or early spring before weeds have emerged. Do not use on sand, loamy sand, gravelly soils or exposed subsoils. Apply to a weed-free soil surface. May be applied to newly planted or to established crop. Do not exceed a maximum application rate of 8 lbs. per acre per crop cycle. Apply as a directed spray to the soil and the base of trees on bearing and nonbearing trees in the fall or early winter. Do not apply to newly established trees until the roots are well established. Rainfall or irrigation is required after application. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Fusilade fl oz/a Perennial and annual grasses Apply at post-emergence. Apply to NONBEARING bushes only that will not be harvested within one year. Direct spray. DO NOT contact foliage. Always use a crop oil concentrate or a non-ionic surfactant. Broadleaf weeds and nutsedge will not be controlled. 113 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

115 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT BLUEBERRY POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a pt./a Perennial and annual grasses Apply at post-emergence. Apply to bearing or nonbearing bushes. Direct spray. Use flat nozzle tips. Always use a non-phytotoxic oil concentrate. Broadleaf weeds and nutsedge will not be controlled. Select 9-16 fl oz./a Annual and perennial grasses Apply before grasses exceed height limitations. Always add an adjuvant or crop oil concentrate to the spray application. Refer to label. Apply to bearing and nonbearing plants. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Gramoxone 2 4 pt./a Annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennials in the interspaces around base of bushes or vines lb./a Aim 1-2 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal or 2 pt./100 gal. Post-directed application for control of susceptible broadleaf weeds Apply as a directed spray before emergence of new canes or shoots. Apply in water at 50 GPA. Add an approved non-ionic surfactant at 1-2 pt./100 gal. spray. Apply as a coarse directed spray to avoid drift injury from the fine spray mist. Maximum number of applications per year is 5. Lower rates may be used to control small seedling weeds at the 2- to 3-leaf stage. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds up to the 6-leaf stage. Applications to weeds beyond the 6-leaf stage may result in only partial control lbs./a Rely oz/a Post-emergent control of grass and broadleaf weeds Carfentrazone may also be applied broadcast to the base of the trunk to control emerged and actively growing weeds during the dormant stage of the crop. Lower rates may be used to control weeds less than 3 inches tall. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds 3-6 inches tall. Efficacy is reduced when temperatures are cool or when weeds are under drought stress. Do not apply this product within 14 days of berry harvest. Do not graze, harvest and/or feed treated orchard cover crops to livestock. 114 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

116 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT CITRUS PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a lbs./a Krovar I 2-6 lbs./a Trees 3 years old and older: 2-4 lbs./a on light soil 4-6 lbs./a on heavy soil Make two applications (spring & summer) to control perennial weeds: 2 lbs./a on coarse soils 3 lbs./a on fine soils Use 2-4 lbs./a on trees 1-3 years old Most annual weeds and perennials such as johnsongrass and bermudagrass. Contact activity enhanced by surfactant. Apply at late winter/early spring, shortly before weeds emerge. Spray on bare ground. Apply with a properly calibrated fixed-boom power sprayer as a band or broadcast treatment beneath and/or between trees. Use a minimum of 30 gal/a. Avoid overlapping, and shut off spray boom while starting, turning, slowing or stopping or injury to trees may result. Continuous agitation in the spray tank is required to keep the material in suspension. Best results are obtained if treatment is made to moist soil, or moisture is supplied within 2 weeks after application. Use higher rates for maximum suppression of perennials. NOTE: Avoid contact with fruit and foliage. Temporary yellowing of citrus leaves may occur following treatment. Because injury to citrus trees may result, do not use on soils low in organic matter (less than 1%), poorly drained soils, gravelly soils or thinly covered or exposed subsoils. Do not treat diseased trees such as those with root rot. Do not use in citrus groves interplanted with other trees or desirable plants or in home citrus plantings or in areas where roots of valuable plants or trees may grow into the treated soil lbs./a Hyvar 4-5 lbs./a on light soils 5-6 lbs./a on medium soils 6-8 lbs./a on heavy soils Rates are for trees established 4 or more years. If two applications (spring and summer) apply at least 60 days apart at 3-4 lbs./a. Use 2-3 lbs./a on trees established 1-3 years. Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds, perennial weeds and sedges Apply on grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, lime, orange, tangelo, tangerine or satsuma as a single pre-emergence treatment in late winter/early spring. Apply just before weed growth to bare ground. Two applications required to control perennial weeds. Hyvar is toxic to many trees and plants. Consult label before use. Apply with a properly calibrated fixed-boom sprayer as a band treatment beneath the trees. Use a minimum of 30 gal./a to obtain uniform coverage. Continuous agitation in the spray tank is required to keep the material in suspension. NOTE: Avoid contact with fruit and foliage. Temporary yellowing of citrus leaves may occur following treatment. Because injury to citrus trees may result, do not use on soils low in organic matter (less than 1%), poorly drained soils, gravelly soils or thinly covered or exposed subsoils. Do not treat diseased trees. 115 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

117 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT CITRUS PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a pendimethalin Solicam lbs./a Do not exceed 10 lbs per year. Prowl 2.0 to 6.3qts/A Rate 2.0 qts/a Rate 4.0 to 6.3 qts/a Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds; suppression of established nutsedge and perennial grasses Annual grasses, certain broadleaf weeds Apply as a directed spray to the soil. Avoid contact with fruit or foliage. The soil should be settled, firm and relatively free of weeds and debris at the time of application. Solicam DF will not control emerged weeds. Soil should be free of depressions around trees where rain or irrigation water can concentrate. Solicam DF must be moved into the weed seed germination zone to be effective. If no rainfall occurs within 4 weeks after application, the product must be incorporated by flood or sprinkler irrigation. Citrus-bearing trees. Apply Prowl H2O as a broadcast or banded treatment using ground equipment before weed emergence. Apply the spray directly to the ground beneath the trees and/or in areas between rows. Prowl H2O may be applied either in a single application or sequentially with an interval of 30 days or more. Apply Prowl H2O at between qt. per acre depending on the grower s weed control program, level of weed infestation and desired use strategy. Do not to exceed a total of 6.3 qt./a per year in citrus. DO NOT apply within 1 day of harvest of citrus fruit. Spectrum of broadleaf weeds controlled can be increased by tankmixing with other pre-emergence chemicals. Tank-mixes with post-emergence herbicides should be used to control existing weeds 116 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

118 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT CITRUS PREEMERGENCE continued: pendimethalin Nonbearing and newly transplanted trees. Prowl 2.0 to 6.3qts/A Rate 2.0qts/A Rate 4.0 to 6.3qts/A Pendimax 3.3, Prowl 3.3 Short-term control (4 months)- 2.4qts/A Long-term control (6 to 8 months) 4.8qts/A Annual grasses, certain broadleaf weeds No post activity; destroy existing weeds before or during application. May be used in combination with a herbicide registered for use in the specific nonbearing crop to remove existing vegetation. Pre-emergence after planting. Apply the spray in a band directly to the ground under trees. Do not apply to newly transplanted trees or vines until ground has settled and no cracks are present. Preplant surface, prior to transplanting. Uniformly apply in a band or broadcast before planting. Avoid root contact with treated soil when placing transplants into the hole or injury may occur. Preplant incorporated. Incorporate to a depth of 1-2 inches. Application and incorporation must be made prior to transplanting to avoid mechanical injury to the crop. Avoid root contact with treated soil when placing transplants into the hole or injury may occur. May be applied either in a single application or sequentially with an interval of 30 days or more. 1.5 lbs./a Galigan 2E, Goal 2 6 pt./a Apply with 2 pt./100 gal Broadleaf weeds DO NOT apply more than 6.3 qt. of Prowl H2O per acre per year in citrus. DO NOT apply more than 7.3 qt. of Prowl 3.3 EC per acre per year in citrus. Do not apply to newly seeded nursery stock. Apply on grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, lime, orange, tangelo, tangerine or satsuma only after foliage has fully hardened off. Nonbearing trees: do not apply during periods of new foliage growth. Use a low pressure sprayer and direct at base of plant. Avoid spray contact on foliage. Use 40 gal. water/a for PRE applications and gal. for post applications. Do not apply more than 16 pt. Goal in one year. Check label for approved tank-mixes with other herbicides. 117 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

119 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT CITRUS PREEMERGENCE continued: 2-6 lbs./a Surflan A.S., Oryzalin qts/a Annual grasses, certain annual broadleaf weeds Apply in spring to bearing trees. DO NOT apply to newly established trees until soil is settled. Existing weed growth should be destroyed by shallow tillage or other treatment. Tank mixes with post-emergence herbicides such as paraquat or glyphosate can be used to control existing weeds. Irrigation needed (1 1/2 inches) within 21 days to move Surflan into weed germination zone Matrix 4 oz/a Broadleaf, grass, and nutsedge weeds Trees must be established for 1 year before application. Avoid direct or indirect spray contact with crop foliage or fruit. Do not use MATRIX SG in a spray solution with a ph of below 4.0 or above 8.0 to avoid degradation of the herbicide. Best results are obtained when the soil is moist at the time of application, and 1/2 inch of rainfall or sprinkler irrigation occurs within 2 weeks after application. The PHI is 3 days. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a /A Gramoxone pt./a Apply with 1-2pt./100gal or 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: oz./gal. Gramoxone oz. NIS/gal) Aim oz./a Apply with 1 gal./100 gal. or 2 pt./100 gal. Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennials Broadleaf weeds, bristly mallow Apply to emerged weeds when they are small (1-6 inches tall). Apply in 30 gal. water. Do not allow spray to contact green stems, fruit or foliage because injury may result. Do not spray under windy conditions. Use a shield for young trees. Do not allow animals to graze treated areas. Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Maximum number of applications per year is 5. Apply on grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, lime, orange, tangelo, tangerine or satsuma to control broadleaves between rows. Apply to actively growing weeds up to 4 inches tall and rosettes less than 3 inches across. Does not control grasses. Apply with hooded sprayer to protect crop. Extreme caution must be used during applications when desirable fruit and/or foliage are present in order to avoid fruit spotting and/or leaf necrosis. Do not allow spray mist of Aim EC to come in contact with green stem tissue, foliage, blooms or fruit. On seedling or newly transplanted trees do not allow spray to contact green bark of trunk area. Coverage is essential for satisfactory performance. Can be tankmixed with other registered herbicides. Do not apply more than 7.9 oz./a/season; 3-day preharvest limit. 118 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

120 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT CITRUS POSTEMERGENCE continued: /A Poast pt./a Annual and perennial grasses glyphosate lbs./a lb./a Apply with 2 pt./a Pump up sprayer: 1.3 oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC 4L 1-3 pt./a on annual weeds 4-10 pt./a on perennial weeds 5.5L formulations: pt./a on annual weeds 3-7 pt./a on perennial weeds Fusilade oz./a Adjuvant required; see label Most emerged annual and perennial grass and broadleaf weeds Perennial and annual grasses Apply post-emergence on grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, lime, orange, tangelo, tangerine or satsuma. Check label for maximum weed height and rates. Bearing and nonbearing trees, 15 days to harvest. Apply in gal. water per acre with psi. Direct away from foliage and fruit. A slight leaf speckling or burn can occur. In grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, lime, orange, tangelo, tangerine or satsuma apply to actively growing weeds at the recommended growth stage for each species. Recommended for established groves (See label instructions). Provides top kill plus destruction of roots, rhizomes, etc. Not a residual herbicide. Follow with a label-approved program for effective annual and perennial seasonlong weed control. Spray may come in contact with brown bark area of trunk without injury. Do not spray green bark. Do not allow spray to contact foliage of tree. Avoid contact with root suckers or water sprouts growing at base of tree. Do not mow or till prior to treatment. Apply at post-emergence to bearing and nonbearing calamondin, citrus hybrids, grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, lime, mandarin (tangerine), orange (all), pummelo and satsuma trees. Use flat fan nozzle; do not contact foliage. Maintain a minimum of 21 days between applications. Do not apply more than 72 fl. oz. of Fusilade DX per acre per season to grapes. Do not harvest citrus fruit within 14 days of last application. 119 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

121 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT GRAPE (Muscadine and Bunch) PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a Annual weeds lbs./a lbs./a Diuron qt/a Karmex DF, Diuron lbs./a Goal 2XL, 5-6 pt./a Goal pt./a Princep Caliper 90, Simizine lbs./a Princep 4L, Simazine qts/a 2-6 lbs./a Surflan A.S., Oryzalin qts/a Pre-emergence control of broadleaf and some grass weeds; provides burndown of young, emerged weeds. Annual grasses, certain broadleaves Annual grasses, certain annual broadleaf weeds lbs./a Solicam lbs./a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds; suppression of established nutsedge and perennial grasses Apply only under vines established 3 years in the spring before annual weeds emerge. DO NOT apply to vines with trunks less than 1.5 inches in diameter. DO NOT use on soils with less than 1% organic matter. Severe injury may occur if heavy rainfall or more than 1 inch of irrigation water follows treatment. DORMANT SEASON APPLICATION ONLY. Apply prior to bud swell or after vines have initiated dormancy in the fall. Use in minimum of 20 gal. of water per acre or 40 gal. if weeds are present. Vines must be on trellis wire a minimum of 3 feet from soil surface. Use only under vines established for 3 years. Apply in fall or spring. If applied in the fall, follow with a different pre-emergence herbicide in spring. DO NOT use on sandy, sandy loam or gravelly soils. Apply in spring to bearing vines. DO NOT apply to newly established vines until soil is settled. Existing weed growth should be destroyed by shallow tillage or other treatment. Irrigation needed (1 1/2 inches) within 21 days to move Surflan into weed germination zone. Apply as a directed spray to the soil. Avoid contact with fruit or foliage. Soil should be settled, firm and relatively free of weeds and debris at the time of application. Solicam DF will not control emerged weeds. Soil should be free of depressions around trees where rain or irrigation water can concentrate. Solicam DF must be moved into the weed seed germination zone to be effective. If no rainfall occurs within 4 weeks after application, the product must be incorporated by flood or sprinkler irrigation lb./a Chateau oz./a Broadleaf and grass weeds Do not allow spray or spray drift to come in contact with the tree foliage. Grapes established less than 2 years must be trellised and trunk protected with a grow tube or waxed container. Do not make a sequential application within 60 days of the first application or apply less than 60 days before harvest. Moisture is necessary to activate herbicide on soil. 120 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

122 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT GRAPE (Muscadine and Bunch) PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs./A Prowl H2O@ qts/a Broadleaf weeds, annual grasses Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated vineyards. Do not apply within 90 days of harvest. Prowl H2O may be applied as a single application or sequentially with a 30-day interval between applications. DO NOT apply more than 6.3 qt. per acre per season. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Fusilade oz/a Adjuvant required; see label pt./a Always use nonphytotoxic oil concentrate. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Gramoxone pt./a 1-5 lbs./a lbs./a Add an approved nonionic surfactant at 1-2 pt./100 gal. spray Glyfos, Honcho, Glyphyogan and various generic 4lbs./gal 1-5 qts/a. Various Roundup formulations, See label for rates. Rely oz/a Perennial and annual grasses Annual grasses, some perennial grasses Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds; top kill and suppression of perennials in the interspaces and around base of bushes or vines Annual and perennial weeds Post-emergent control of grass and broadleaf weeds, both annual and perennial Apply at post-emergence to bearing and nonbearing vines. Use flat fan nozzle and do not contact foliage. Maintain a minimum of 14 days between applications. Do not apply more than 72 fl. oz. of Fusilade DX per acre per season to grapes. Do not harvest grapes within 50 days of last application. Apply at post-emergence to bearing and nonbearing vines. Use flat fan nozzle tips. Use low rate on annual grasses up to 6 inches tall; high rate on annual grasses up to 12 inches tall. Apply when grasses are succulent and new growth is from 1- to 6-inches high. Apply as directed spray in 30 gal. water. For mature, woody weeds, late germinating weeds and perennials, retreatment or spot treatment may be necessary. Do not allow spray to contact green stems, fruit or foliage. Do not spray under windy conditions and use shield for young vines. Do not allow animals to graze on treated areas. Apply at post-emergence. Use lower rates for easier-tocontrol annual easier-to-control weeds and higher rates on harder to control weeds. DO NOT allow spray to contact foliage or green bark of canes. Allow a minimum of 14 days between last application and harvest. Wiper applicator: 33% solution can be used. Lower rates may be used to control weeds less than 3 tall. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds 3- to 6- inches tall. Do not allow spray drift to contact leaves or green canes; can result in severe damage. Do not make more than 3 applications per year. Do not apply this product within 14 days of grape harvest. Do not graze, harvest and/or feed treated vineyard cover crops to livestock. 121 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

123 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT MAYHAW PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a Goal 2XL, 5-6 pt./a pt./a Pre-emergence control of broadleaf and some grass weeds; provides burndown of young, emerged weeds. Dormant season application only. Apply prior to bud swell or after trees have initiated dormancy in the fall. Use in minimum of 20 gal. of water per acre or 40 gal. if weeds have emerged lb./a Chateau oz/a Broadleaf and grass weeds Can only be applied as a uniform band directed at the base of the trunk prior to bud break. Do not allow spray or spray drift to come in contact with the tree foliage. Do not apply to trees established less than one year, unless protected from spray contact by nonporous wraps, grow tubes, paint or waxed containers. Do not make a sequential application within 60 days of the first application. Application must be incorporated with a minimum of 1/2 inch of water within 48 hours after application. Do not apply to farm alleys or roads where traffic may result in treated dust settling onto crops or other desirable vegetation. 2-6 lbs./a Surflan A.S., Oryzalin qts/a Annual grasses, certain annual broadleaf weeds Apply before annual weeds emerge. Can be applied to new plantings after soil has settled. Use low rate for short-term control; high rate for long-term control. Apply in strip in tree rows; do not apply to row middles or drive rows Matrix 4 oz/a Broadleaf, grass, and nutsedge weeds Trees must be established for 1 year before application. Avoid direct or indirect spray contact with crop foliage or fruit. Do not use MATRIX SG in a spray solution with a ph of below 4.0 or above 8.0 to avoid degradation of the herbicide. Best results are obtained when the soil is moist at the time of application, and 1/2 inch of rainfall or sprinkler irrigation occurs within 2 weeks after application. The PHI is 7 days. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: glyphosate lbs./a Glyfos, Honcho, Glyphyogan and other 4 lbs./gal 1-5 qt/a. Various Roundup formulations, See label for rates. Annual and perennial weeds For use on bearing and nonbearing trees. DO NOT allow spray to contact green shoots or foliage. Allow a minimum of 1 day between application and harvest. Use lower rates for easier to kill annuals and higher rates for harder to kill weeds. 122 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

124 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT MAYHAW DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Aim 1-2 oz/a Post-directed application for control of susceptible broadleaf weeds lbs./a Apply with 1 gal./100 gal. or 2 pt./100 gal. Rely oz./a oz./a Post-emergent control of grasses and broadleaf weeds Lower rates may be used to control small seedling weeds at the 2- to 3-leaf stage. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds up to the 6-leaf stage. Applications to weeds beyond the 6-leaf stage may result in only partial control. Apply as a directed spray to control undesirable vegetation. Lower rates may be used to control weeds less than 3 inches tall. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds 3-6 inches tall. Warm temperatures, high humidity and bright sunlight improve performance of glufosinate. Do not graze, harvest and/or feed treated orchard cover crops to livestock. pyraflufen ethyl@ oz./a 1-4 oz./a Broadleaf weeds Trees established less than 1 year should be protected with nonporous wraps, grow tubes or waxed containers. Do not exceed 6.8 fluid oz. per acre per season. 123 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

125 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT PEACH PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a Annual weeds Diuron qt/a Karmex DF, Diuron lbs./a Use only where peach trees have been established for at least 3 years. Apply as directed spray, avoiding contact of fruit and foliage with spray. Do not use on sand, loamy sand, gravelly soils or exposed subsoils. Do not use on soils with less than 1% organic matter. Can also be tankmixed with other soil active herbicides for improved control of a wider range of weed species lbs./a Sinbar 2-4 lbs./a Annual weeds Apply in the spring. Use Sinbar only under trees established in the orchard for at least 3 years. Some chlorosis of weakened trees occurs. Control of established perennial weeds may be erratic. DO NOT use on sandy, sandy loam, gravelly soils, on eroded areas where subsoil tree roots are exposed or on any soil with less than 1% organic matter lbs./a lbs./a Karmex lbs./a + Sinbar lbs./a Annual weeds Apply in spring or after harvest in the fall before weeds emerge or less than 2 inches tall. Use this tank-mix only under trees established for at least 2 years. The combination provides improved weed control over Karmex or Sinbar alone. DO NOT USE on sandy, loamy or gravelly soils lbs./a Solicam lbs./a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Apply prior to weed seed germination and rainfall or irrigation is likely within 4 weeks of application. Apply post-harvest in the fall or early spring. Delay application to newly established trees until 18 months after planting if west of the Mississippi River and 6 months if east of the river. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. Use the low rate on coarse-textured soils, high rate on finetextured soils. Make one application per year. DO NOT graze treated areas. 2-6 lbs./a Surflan A.S., Oryzalin qt./a lbs./a Princep Caliber lbs./a Princep 4L, Simazine qts/a Annual grasses, certain annual broadleaf weeds Annual grasses, certain broadleaf weeds Apply before annual weeds emerge. Can be applied to new plantings after soil has settled. Apply in strip in tree rows; do not apply to row middles or drive rows. Use simazine ONLY under trees established in the orchard for 1 year. Apply in fall or spring. Fall application controls a broader weed spectrum than a spring application. If applied in the fall, follow a different preemergence herbicide in the spring. Use the low rate on coarse-textured soils. Some chlorosis may be observed in areas where little or no topsoil is present. DO NOT apply to gravelly, sandy or sandy loam soils. 124 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

126 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT PEACH PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a Goal 5-8 pt./a Pre-emergence control of broadleaf and some grass weeds; provides burndown of young emerged weeds. Apply as a directed spray to the soil and the base of trees. For additional post-emergence weed control, Goal 2XL may be tank-mixed with Simazine or Surflan. When tank-mixing, always read and follow all product labels. APPLY ONLY TO DORMANT TREES prior to bud swell lbs./a Prowl H2O@ qt./a Broadleaf weeds, annual grasses Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated orchards. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. DO NOT apply more than 4.2 qt. per acre per season. lbs./a lbs./a Pre-emergence control of certain annual and perennial broadleaf and grass weeds. Apply as a directed spray to the soil and the base of trees on bearing and nonbearing trees in the fall or early winter. Do not apply to newly established trees until the roots are well-established. Rainfall or irrigation is required after application Matrix 4 oz/a Broadleaf, grass, and nutsedge weeds Trees must be established for 1 year before application. Avoid direct or indirect spray contact with crop foliage or fruit. Do not use MATRIX SG in a spray solution with a ph of below 4.0 or above 8.0 to avoid degradation of the herbicide. Best results are obtained when the soil is moist at the time of application, and 1/2 inch of rainfall or sprinkler irrigation occurs within 2 weeks after application. The PHI is 14 days. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Select 9-16 fl oz./a Annual and perennial grasses Apply before grasses exceed height limitations. Always add an adjuvant or crop oil concentrate to spray. Refer to label. Apply to bearing and nonbearing plants. The PHI for Select Max is 14 days. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Gramoxone pt./a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds; top kill and suppression of perennials Apply as a directed spray when weeds and grasses are succulent and new growth is from 1- to 6-inches high. Apply in water at GPA. For mature, woody weeds, green suckers, late germinating weeds, retreatment or spot treatment may be necessary. Do not allow spray to contact green stems, fruit or foliage. Do not spray under windy conditions. Use a shield for young trees. Do not harvest within 14 days of application. No more than 3 applications per year may be used. 125 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

127 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT PEACH DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Fusilade oz./a Perennial and annual grasses Apply with 1 qt./25 gal. or 0.5 pt./25 gal. Apply to trees that will not be harvested within 14 days of application. Apply as a directed spray using 25 gal. water/acre 30 to 60 psi pressure. Use flat fan nozzle tips, and do not contact tree foliage lbs./a lb./a lb./a Rely oz./a oz./a pt./a Apply with a non-phytotoxic oil 1 qt./a Aim 1-2 oz./a Apply with 1 gal./100 gal. or 2 pt./100 gal. Post-emergent control of grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply as a directed spray to control undesirable vegetation. Lower rates may be used to control weeds less than 3 inches tall. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds 3-6 inches tall. Warm temperatures, high humidity and bright sunlight improve performance of glufosinate. Do not graze, harvest and/or feed treated orchard cover crops to livestock. Annual and perennial grasses Apply as a directed spray using gal. water/a at psi pressure. Use flat fan nozzle tips. Use low rate on annual grasses up to 6 inches tall and high rate on annual grasses up to 12 inches tall. Do not apply within 25 days of harvest. Post-directed application for control of susceptible broadleaf weeds. Lower rates may be used to control small seedling weeds at the 2- to 3-leaf stage. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds up to the 6-leaf stage. Applications to weeds beyond the 6-leaf stage may result in only partial control. 126 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

128 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT PECAN PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a Goal 2XL, 5-6 pt./a pt./a Pre-emergence control of broadleaf and some grass weeds; provides burndown of young, emerged weeds. Dormant season application. Apply prior to bud swell or after trees have initiated dormancy in the fall and after harvest. Use in minimum of 40 gal. of water per acre lbs./a Solicam lbs./a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Apply at pre-emergence. Apply only to trees planted at least 18 months west of Mississippi River or 6 months east of Mississippi River. Apply post-harvest in the fall or early spring. Fall application controls a broader weed spectrum than spring. Use the low rate on coarsetextured soils, high rate on fine-textured soils. DO NOT graze treated areas. 2-6 lbs./a Surflan A.S., Oryzalin qts/a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds Use for control of annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds. Use low rate for shorter control (2-4 months.); high rate for long term control (6-8 months.). DO NOT apply to newly planted trees until soil has settled and no cracks are present. Apply before annual weeds emerge in the spring. Existing weed growth should be destroyed by shallow tillage or by a tank mixture with paraquat (1-2 qt./a + 8 oz. non-ionic surfactant/100 gal. of spray solution) or Roundup (1-5 qt./a + surfactant) lbs./A Prowl H2O@ qts/a Broadleaf weeds, annual grasses Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated groves or orchards. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. DO NOT apply more than 6.3 qt. per acre per season lb./a Chateau oz/a Broadleaf and grass weeds Do not allow spray or spray drift to come in contact with the tree foliage. Do not make a sequential application within 60 days of the first application. Moisture is necessary to activate herbicide on soil. Do not apply to farm alleys or roads where traffic may result in treated dust settling onto crops or other desirable vegetation. 4.0 lbs./a Devrinol 8.0 lbs./a Devrinol 2 2 gal/a Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds. Apply to a weed-free soil surface. May be applied to newly planted or to established crop. Do not exceed a maximum application rate of 8 lb. per acre per crop cycle. Do not apply within 35 days of harvest 127 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

129 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT PECAN PREEMERGENCE continued: Matrix 4 oz/a Broadleaf, grass, and nutsedge weeds Trees must be established for 1 year before application. Avoid direct or indirect spray contact with crop foliage or fruit. Do not use MATRIX SG in a spray solution with a ph of below 4.0 or above 8.0 to avoid degradation of the herbicide. Best results are obtained when the soil is moist at the time of application, and 1/2 inch of rainfall or sprinkler irrigation occurs within 2 weeks after application. The PHI is 14 days. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a 6-8 fl oz/a Always add an adjuvant or crop oil concentrate to spray, see label. Annual and perennial grasses Apply before grasses exceed height limitations. Apply to nonbearing plants only. Spray should be directed at the base of the tree, not on foliage. Do not graze treated areas. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Fusilade oz./a lb./a lb./a glyphosate 1-5 lbs./a Always use a non-phytotoxic crop oil concentrate or a nonionic surfactant. Gramoxone pt./a Add an approved nonionic surfactant at 1-2 pt./100 gal/spray pt./a Always use a non-phytotoxic oil concentrate (1 qt./a). Glyfos, Honcho, Glyphyogan and other 4 lbs./gal 1-5 qt/a. Perennial and annual grasses Apply as a directed spray using 25 gal./water/acre and 30 to 60 psi pressure. Use flat fan nozzle tips. DO NOT contact pecan tree foliage. Do not harvest within 30 days of application. Do not graze animals in treated areas. Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds; top kill and suppression of perennials Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial weeds Apply as directed spray when weeds are young and succulent (16 inches tall). Mature weeds are less susceptible. Apply in 30 gal. of water. Thorough weed coverage is essential. Repeat as necessary. Spray drift will cause injury. Do not allow spray to contact foliage, fruit or stems. Do not graze livestock on treated areas. No more than 5 applications may be made annually. All applications must be made prior to shaking for harvest. Apply as directed spray to nonbearing trees that will not be harvested within 1 year of application. Apply in water at gal. GPA using PSI. Use flat fan nozzle tips. Use low rate on grasses up to 6 inches tall and high rate on grasses up to 12 inches tall. Apply as a directed spray. DO NOT allow spray to contact green shoots or foliage. Allow a minimum of 3 days between application and harvest. Use lower rates for easier to control annual weeds and higher rates for harder to control weeds. 128 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

130 FRUIT CROPS WEED MANAGEMENT PECAN DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Aim 1-2 oz/a Post-directed application for control of susceptible broadleaf weeds lbs./a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal or 2 pt./100 gal. Rely oz./a Post-emergent control of grasses and broadleaf weeds oz./a Sandea 75WDG@ oz./A Post-emergent control of yellow, purple and many other sedge species CHEMICAL MOWING: glyphosate See label Roundup and various generic formulations of glyphosate. See Label Vegetation and bahiagrass seed head suppression 1 Glyphosate: refer to Appendix A for glyphosate formulations and required surfactants for various glyphosate products. Lower rates may be used to control small seedling weeds at the 2- to 3-leaf stage. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds up to the 6-leaf stage. Applications to weeds beyond the 6-leaf stage may result in only partial control. Lower rates may be used to control weeds less than 3 inches tall. Higher rate is needed for larger weeds 3 to 6 inches tall. Do not apply this product within 14 days of nut harvest. Do not graze, harvest and/or feed treated orchard cover crops to livestock. Optimum application time is when actively growing sedges are at the 3- to 5-leaf stage. Avoid contact with pecan trees, or severe damage or death may occur. Use ONLY under trees established in the orchard for 1 year or more where soil is settled with no cracks. Do not apply at less than 1 day before harvest Apply 1 to 2 weeks after full greening of bahiagrass. Used for suppression in pecan row middles. Applications must be made prior to seedhead emergence. To extend period of growth suppression, apply up to two sequential applications at 45-day intervals. Sequential applications must be made prior to seedhead emergence. 129 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

131 COMMERCIAL NURSERY AND LANDSCAPES WEED MANAGEMENT COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPES PREEMERGENCE: benefin lbs./a XL 2 lbs./a or lbs./1,000 sq. ft. Annual grasses, some small seeded broadleaves May be used in commercial nursery production and landscape beds. Several annual and perennial landscape lbs./a Betasan pts/a or oz/1000 sq. ft lbs./a DCPA lbs./a or 5 lbs./1000 sq. ft. dimethenamid lbs./a FreeHand lbs./a or lbs./1000 sq.ft Annual grasses, some small seeded broadleaves Annual grasses, some small-seeded broadleaves Annual grasses, spurge, chickweed, oxalis, groundsel, bittercress, eclipta. Suppression of Phyllanthus, doveweed, yellow nutsedge, annual sedges plants are tolerant. Consult product label. Several tolerant annual and perennial ornamentals. Check label for tolerant species and susceptible weeds. Irrigate to move product into weed seed germination zone. Do not use peat moss prior to application. May be used in landscape beds. Several tolerant ornamentals. Commercial ornamental production and landscape bed use allowed. Consult label. Do not apply to pansies or phlox in landscape beds. Labeled for commercial nursery and landscapes. Broad spectrum herbicide with several weeds listed on the product label. Controls yellow nutsedge and annual sedges. May be applied to annual bedding plants. Consult product label lb./a Gallery lbs/a or oz/1000 sq. ft lb./a Barricade 65WG and Regalkade lbs./a or oz/1000 sq. ft. oxyfluorfen + 2 lbs./a OH II lbs./a or 2.3 lbs./1000 sq. ft. Several broadleaves, such as spurge, common purslane, pigweed, chickweed, oxalis Grasses and small-seeded broadleaves like pigweed, spurge and purslane Annual grasses, Spurge, chickweed, oxalis, groundsel, bittercress, eclipta Several perennial groundcovers and woody ornamentals are tolerant in landscape plantings. Safe on several container trees and shrubs. Consult label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. Application rates based on weed and ornamental species. One of the better broadleaf weed herbicides but does not control annual grasses and should be tank-mixed with another herbicide for broad spectrum weed control. Do not apply to annual beds. Labeled for commercial nursery production as well as landscape beds. Can be used in perennial and wildflower plantings. Use higher rate of application for longer control. Do not exceed 2.3 lbs./a annually. Useful in landscape beds and safe on several annual and perennial bedding plants. Similar weed control spectrum as Surflan and Pendulum. For container and field-grown ornamentals. Check label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. Can be used for container or field-grown ornamentals. Excellent control of several hard to manage weeds. Some suppression of Phyllanthus species. Do not use on bedding plants. 130 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

132 COMMERCIAL NURSERY AND LANDSCAPES WEED MANAGEMENT COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPES PREEMERGENCE continued: 4-6 lbs./a Annual grasses, broadleaves 2-4 lbs./a oxyfluorfen lbs./a isoxaben + oxyfluorfen lbs./a trifluralin lbs./a lb /A 2.4 lb /A Devrinol 8-12 lbs./a oz/1000 sq. ft Devrinol lbs./a or 1-2 lbs./1000 sq. ft. Ronstar lbs./a or lbs./1000 sq. ft. Rout lbs./a or 2.3 lbs./1000 sq. ft lbs./a or lbs./1000 sq. ft. Snapshot 2.5 TG and lbs./a or lbs./1000 sq. ft. Surflan qt/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Predict 3 lbs./a or 1.1 oz/1000 sq. ft. Annual grasses, broadleaves; weak on chickweed Annual grasses, spurge, chickweed, oxalis, groundsel, bittercress, eclipta Annual grasses, several hard-tocontrol broadleaves including eclipta Annual grasses, broadleaves Annual grasses, some small seeded broadleaves Annual grasses, broadleaves Several species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs. Container grown Juniperus, Rhododendron, Pittosporum, Euonymous are common tolerant ornamentals. Check label for tolerant ornamental species and list of susceptible weeds. Mechanically incorporate or apply irrigation immediately to activate. Also labeled for highways, industrial and foundation plantings. Check label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. Injury has been observed on ajuga, liriope and mondograss. Wash granules off foliage. Not labeled for residential areas. For container and field grown ornamentals. Several perennial and woody ornamentals are tolerant. Do not apply to wet foliage. Water in to activate. Do not apply to plants that are breaking dormancy or making a flush of growth. Excellent broadleaf and grass control. Do not wait longer than 3 months before reapplying. Apply 2 weeks prior to greenhouse enclosure. Do not use on bedding plants. Many container and field grown ornamentals are tolerant. Consult product label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. Can be used for landscapes, field and container production. Excellent broad spectrum weed control. Improved control of Phyllanthus. Do not apply to bedding plants. Several perennial groundcovers and woody ornamentals are tolerant. Consult product label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. Several herbaceous species listed. Can be used for landscapes, field and container production. Excellent broad spectrum weed control; however, poor to fair on Phyllanthus. Do not apply to bedding plants. Can be used for landscapes, field and container production. Check label for tolerant ornamental species and list of susceptible weeds. Similar weed spectrum as Pendulum and Barricade or Regalkade. Check label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. Apply as broadcast or as a band treatment in fall and spring. 131 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

133 COMMERCIAL NURSERY AND LANDSCAPES WEED MANAGEMENT COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPES PREEMERGENCE continued: 0.38 lb./a lb./a lb./a lbs./a lbs./a Broadstar lbs./a 3.44 oz/1000 sq. ft. Sureguard oz/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Goal T/O pts/a or z/1000 ft2 Kerb lbs./a Kerb oz/1000 sq. ft. Pendulum pt/a or oz/ 1000 sq. ft. Pendulum AquaCap pt/a or 1.15 oz 2.3 oz/1000 sq. ft. Pendulum lbs./a or lbs./1000 sq. ft. Doveweed, liverwort, bittercress, spurges, other broadleaf weeds Doveweed, liverwort, bittercress, spurges, other broadleaf weeds A few annual grasses, several broadleaves, including bittercress Grasses, some broadleaves Annual grasses, broadleaves Apply at pre-emergence. Provides 8-12 weeks of control. Several trees, shrubs and groundcovers are listed as tolerant. Container and field-grown plants only. Some potential for injury so consult product label for tolerant plant species. Has good activity on Phyllanthus (chamberbitter). Provides pre-emergence and some post-emergence control. Container and field production of several woody ornamentals. For commercial ornamental production: good fit for field production as a directed spray. Useful in container nurseries to maintain weed free production areas. Same active ingredient that is found in the granular herbicide Broadstar. (Broadstar is a better fit for container use). Excellent pre- and postcontrol of doveweed. Can be used as directed sprays in commercial or residential landscapes around woody ornamentals. Apply at least 30 days after planting new woody transplants. Consult supplemental label. Apply at pre-emergence in conifers and several field grown trees. Herbicide has some post-emergence activity. Good activity on several broadleaf weeds including winter annuals. Apply at pre-emergence and has some post-emergence activity on annual bluegrass. Check label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. RESTRICTED USE. Most annual and perennial ornamentals are tolerant. Can be used in landscape beds due to good ornamental tolerance. Consult label for list of tolerant plants lbs./a Princep 2-4 qt/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Annual grasses, winter broadleaves Several field grown conifer including Christmas trees and deciduous trees. Apply in at least 25 GPA in fall or spring. Do not apply to plantings less than 1 year old. Do not apply to landscape beds. 132 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

134 COMMERCIAL NURSERY AND LANDSCAPES WEED MANAGEMENT COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPES PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs/a Pennant Magnum 7.62 pt/a or oz/1000 sq. ft Annual grasses, yellow nutsedge, some annual sedges small seeded broadleaves Registered for commercial ornamental production and landscape areas. Several tolerant ornamentals including many annual and perennial landscape plants. Check label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. Rates vary for different soil types and control time desired. Similar weed control spectrum as Pendulum but additionally controls yellow nutsedge. Does not control purple nutsedge lbs./a Ronstar lbs./a lbs./1000 sq. ft. Annual grasses and broadleaves May be used in container and field commercial nursery production. Check label for tolerant ornamentals and list of susceptible weeds. Do not apply to annuals. Weak on chickweed. Cannot be used in residential landscape beds. trifluralin (2.0%) + isoxaben lb Snapshot oz/1000 ft lbs./a Annual grasses and broadleaves Check label for tolerant ornamental species and list of susceptible weeds. Application rate determined by weed species desiring to control lb ai/a Surflan qt/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Annual grasses, broadleaves Labeled for commercial nursery production and landscape beds. Several tolerant annual and perennial ornamentals. Slightly more injury potential with this herbicide than similar herbicides (Pendulum, Barricade etc.) because product is more water soluble. Consult product label. Rain or irrigation needed to activate. Low rate: 2-4 months control. High rate: 6-8 months control. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Lontrel pt/a or 0.125oz 0.5 oz/1000 sq. ft. Legumes, asters, thistles Labeled for use in certain woody trees and shrubs as over-the-top or directed sprays in field nurseries and landscape plantings. May also be used in field-grown lilies. Apply no more than 1.33 pt./a per season. Mimosa, redbud, locust will be injured or killed by Lontrel. Do not apply to residential landscape plantings or container ornamentals lb./a Goal T/O oz/1000 ft2 or pts/a Annual grasses, broadleaves including bittercress, chickweed Control of small actively growing weeds in conifers and several field-grown trees. Works by contact so good coverage is a must. 133 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

135 COMMERCIAL NURSERY AND LANDSCAPES WEED MANAGEMENT COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPES POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a lb./a Basagran T/O pts/a or oz/1000 sq. ft Sureguard oz/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Yellow nutsedge, annual sedges and green kyllinga with repeated applications. Doveweed, bittercress, spurges, other broadleaf weeds Post-emergence directed spray in many established ornamental beds. Not systemic so weed coverage is very important. Will not control purple nutsedge. Control optimized by a second application within 10 days. Check label for recommended uses. Crop oil will increase activity. Apply at pre-emergence and post-emergence. Container and field production of several woody ornamentals. For commercial ornamental production: good fit for field production as a directed spray. Useful in container nurseries to maintain weed-free production areas. Same active ingredient that is found in Broadstar. Excellent pre- and post-control of doveweed. Can be used as directed sprays in commercial or residential landscapes around woody ornamentals. Apply at least 30 days before new woody transplants. POSTEMERGENCE GRASS KILLING HERBICIDES: lb./a 4-45 oz/a oz/1000 sq. ft. Annual grasses, suppression of perennial grasses Apply post-emergence. Apply herbicide to actively growing grasses. More active on annual than perennial grasses. Can be used over the top of many herbaceous and woody ornamentals. Ornamental grasses may be injured or killed. Check label for recommended uses lb./a Segment oz/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Annual and perennial grasses Herbicide only controls grasses. Several non-grass ornamentals are tolerant for over the top applications but consult product label for sensitive plants. Limited suppression of torpedograss with multiple applications lb Envoy oz/a or /1000 sq. ft. Annual and perennial grasses Apply post-emergence for actively growing grasses. Add 0.25% v/v non-ionic surfactant (1 pt./50 gal.). Crop oil concentrate not recommended. Better on perennial grasses than sethoxydim lb./a Fusilade II oz/a Spot sprays 0.75 oz//gallon Annual and perennial grasses. Good on vaseygrass. Some suppression of torpedograss with repeated applications. Herbicide only controls grasses. Several non-grass ornamentals are tolerant for over the top applications but consult product label for sensitive plants. Restrictions on juniper and azalea cultivars. Somewhat more effective on torpedograss with multiple applications compared to sethoxydim. Add a NIS at 0.25% v/v. 134 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

136 COMMERCIAL NURSERY AND LANDSCAPES WEED MANAGEMENT COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPES lb./a Apply with non-ionic surfactant. Image oz or oz/1000 sq. ft lb./a Sedgehammer oz/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Suppresses green kyllinga, yellow and purple nutsedge; weaker on yellow nutsedge; good on purple nutsedge; broadleaves, suppression of dollarweed Nutsedges (purple & yellow); suppression of kyllinga species SEDGE KILLING HERBICIDES FOR LANDSCAPE : lb./a Certainty oz/a or oz/1000 sq. ft. Yellow and purple nutsedge, green kyllinga, johnsongrass Now labeled for sedge control in ornamentals. Apply as a directed spray around woody ornamentals. Several landscape and field nursery plants will tolerate overthe-top applications. Consult product label. Landscape use only. Check label for tolerant ornamental species and susceptible weeds. Limited number of ornamentals that will tolerate over-the-top applications on label. Liriope and mondograss will tolerate certain rates in over the top applications. Azaleas may be injured by this herbicide. Apply as a directed spray around woody ornamentals in landscape plantings. Very effective on yellow and purple nutsedge. Add a non-ionic surfactant. NON-SELECTIVE glyphosate lbs./a 0.25 teaspoon/gal spot spray Roundup Pro 41% and 1-5 qt/a or oz/1000 ft2 Use 2% solution for spot treatments. Use a 10% solution for dollarweed, torpedograss and other hard to control perennials infesting landscape beds. potassium salt Sharpshooter oz/qt/water lb./a Gramoxone 0.66 oz/1000 ft2 1.8 pt/a lb./a 1 2 pt/a or oz glufosinate lbs./a Finale qt/a or spot treatment oz/gal 1 See Appendix A for glyphosate products and surfactant requirements. Grasses, broadleaves Grasses, broadleaves Annual grasses, broadleaves Most annual grasses and broadleaves Nonselective control of several grasses and broadleaves Check label for recommended uses. Nonselective so avoid all drift. Labeled for greenhouse use. Consider wiping or paint brushing a 10% v/v solution instead of spraying in landscape beds for weeds such as dollarweed, Florida betony and torpedograss. Apply post-emergence. Check label for recommended uses. Nonselective. Apply to young, succulent, actively growing weeds. Labeled for greenhouse use. Good activity on small annual weeds. Very poor control on perennial weeds. Apply post-emergence in field produced woody ornamentals. Check label for recommended uses. Nonselective. Poor on perennial weeds. RESTRICTED USE. Contact herbicide labeled for use in commercial greenhouses and nurseries. Post-directed in field ornamentals. Good coverage is a must. Add a non-ionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v. Poor on perennial weeds. Mostly contact herbicide. Less effective on perennial plants due to limited translocation. Very good herbicide on escaped jasmine. 135 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

137 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT ARTICHOKE PREEMERGENCE: 2-4 lbs./a Kerb lbs./a Broadleaf weeds, annual grasses Apply after transplanting but before new shoots develop 3-4 new leaves. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. Refer to label for plant back restrictions. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: 1-1.5lbs./A pts/a Mix with 2 pts/a Pump up sprayer: 1/3-2 oz/gal Poast oz/a gal COC 4-6 pts/a 2-3 pts/a 4-6 pts/a Galigan 2-3 pts/a Annual and perennial grasses Broadleaf weeds pre-emergence to 8-leaf stage Consult label for recommended adjuvants and rates. Do not apply within 7 days of harvest. Use with caution when temperatures exceed 90 degrees and relative humidity is 60% or higher because of potential leaf injury. Not recommended when temperatures exceed 100 degrees. DO APPLY OVER THE TOP. Apply as a directed spray to the soil surface between rows and at the base of the plant in 40 GPA. Separate applications by 8-10 weeks or a single application can be made. Check label for rates. 2-4 lbs./a Kerb lbs./a Broadleaf weeds, annual grasses Application may be directed to soil surface between the rows. Consult label for recommended adjuvants. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. Refer to label for plant back restrictions lb./a Gramoxone pts/a pts/a pts/a Mix with 1-2 pts/100 gal or with 1 gal/100 gal lbs./a Roundup oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Emerged small, annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennial weeds Most emerged weeds Apply to row middles using a hooded sprayer in a minimum of 20 GPA. Surfactant is required; consult label. Do not apply within 24 hours of harvest. Do not exceed 3 applications per year. Apply to row middles using a hooded or shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. To avoid injury keep herbicide off foliage, shoots, stems, exposed roots and fruit. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. 136 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

138 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT ASPARAGUS PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a Direx 4 L, Diuron pt/a on light soil 3-6 pt/a on clay soil Annual broadleaf and grass weeds Direx 80DF, Diuron 80WP, Karmex 1-2 lbs./a on light soil 2-4 lbs./a clay lbs./a Lorox lbs./a Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply no earlier than 4 weeks before spear emergence and no later than early spear emergence. Do not apply to young plants during first growing season after setting or on plants with exposed roots. Check label for tankmixes with other herbicides. Established beds apply before cutting season. Lorox can be used on newly planted crowns. One day to harvest lb./a Gramoxone pts/a pts/a pts/a Emerged small, annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennial weeds Apply in a minimum of 20 GPA to control emerged weeds before spears emerge or after last harvest. Mix with 1-2 pts/100 gal or with 1 gal/100 gal 1-2 lbs./a Sencor 4 FL@ 2-4 pt/a Annual broadleaf weeds and grasses Early spring before spears and ferns emerge. Do not Sencor 75DF, Metribuzin use on young plants during first growing season after lbs./a setting crowns lbs./a Sinbar lbs./a Annual broadleaf weeds and grasses Use only on established beds. Apply prior to spear and weed emergence or to small weeds. Do not use on areas where subsoil or roots are exposed. 2-4 lbs./a Solicam lbs./a Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds; fair on nutsedge flumioxazin lb./a POSTEMERGENCE: lbs./a 6 oz/a NIS at 1 quart/100 gals if weeds are present Direx 4 L, Diuron pt/a on light soil 3-6 pt/a on clay soil 80 DF - Direx, Diuron, 1-2 lbs./a on light soil 2-4 lbs./a clay Use on plantings that have been established for at least one year. Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply only to dormant asparagus no sooner than 14 days before spears emerge or after last harvest. Do not apply more than 6 oz./a during a single growing season. Provides residual weed control. Can be tank-mixed with paraquat for control of emerged weeds. Apply a minimum of 15 GPA. Annual broadleaf and grass weeds Early spear emergence; second application immediately following harvest. Do not apply to young plants during first growing season or on plants with exposed roots. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. 137 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

139 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT ASPARAGUS POSTEMERGENCE continued: oz/a lb./a lbs.//a lbs.//a clethodim@ lb /A Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz./a Fusilade pt/a Mix with 1-2 pts/25 gal or with pt/25 gal Gramoxone pts/a pts/a pts/a Mix with 1-2 pts/100 gal Poast pts/a Mix with 2 pts/a Pump up sprayer: 1/3-2 oz/gal Poast oz/a gal COC Select oz/a Yellow and purple nutsedge, several broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses Emerged small, annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennial weeds Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses, annual bluegrass Mix with 2pt /100 gals DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb.//a Lorox lbs./a Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds lbs./a POSTHARVEST: 1-lbs./A lb./a oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Sencor 4 FL@ 2-4 pt/a Sencor 75DF, Metribuzin lbs./a Gramoxone pts/a pts/a pts/a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz./a Most emerged weeds Annual broadleaf weeds and grasses Emerged small, annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennial weeds Yellow and purple nutsedge, several broadleaf weeds Apply before or during harvest. Do not use NIS or COC because unacceptable crop injury may occur. Contact with ferns may result in temporary yellowing. Under heavy nutsedge pressure, use split applications. Do not exceed 2 oz./a/year. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed the recommended growth stages shown on the label. One day to harvest. Make sequential applications at least 14 days apart. Max use rate is 3 pt./a/season. Surfactant required; check label for recommendations. Apply in a minimum of 20 gal. water/a. Use on asparagus at least 2 years old. Do not apply within 6 days of harvest. Apply to grasses before they exceed the recommended growth stages. Don t apply more than 5 pt./a/season. Should be used with caution when temperatures exceed 90 degrees and relative humidity is 60% or higher. May be applied 1 day before harvest. Check label for rates and restrictions on amount applied. For repeat applications, apply on a minimum 14-day interval. May be applied 1 day before harvest. Established beds. Apply as a directed spray to base of ferns. Lorox can be used on newly planted crowns. Do not apply within one day of harvest. Apply to row middles using a hooded or shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. To avoid injury keep herbicide off foliage, shoots, stems, exposed roots and fruit. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. After last harvest of season. Do not use first growing season after setting crowns. Apply in a minimum of 20 GPA to control emerged weeds. Use on asparagus at least 2 years old. Mix with 1-2 pt./100 gal. Apply after harvest with drop nozzles. Contact with ferns may result in temporary yellowing. Do not use an adjuvant. Don t exceed 2 oz./a/year. 138 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

140 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT ASPARAGUS POSTHARVEST: continued lbs./a Direx 4 L, Diuron pt/a on light soil 3-6 pt/a on clay soil Direx 80DF, Diuron 80WP, Karmex 1-2 lbs./a on light soil 2-4 lbs./a clay Annual broadleaf and grass weeds Early spear emergence; second application immediately following harvest. Do not apply to young plants during first growing season or on plants with exposed roots. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. 139 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

141 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SNAP AND LIMA BEANS 3,4,5,6,7 PREPLANT INCORPORATED: lbs./a lbs./a pendimethalin lbs./a lb./a on snap bean; lb./a on lima bean trifluralin lb./a alachlor lbs./a PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a Dual Magnum, Dual II pts/a on coarse soil pts/a on med.-fine soil Medal, Stalwart, Parallel, pts/a on coarse pts/a on med.-fine soil Prowl 3.3, Pendimax pts/a on light soil pts/a on med. soil pts/a on heavy soil Prowl pts/a on light soil pts/a on med. soil pts/a on heavy soil Pursuit oz/a snap bean 3 oz/a lima bean Pursuit 1.08 oz/a lima bean Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 1pt/A on light soil 1.5 pts/a on med.-heavy soil 60 DF 0.8 lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on med.-heavy soil Lasso, Micro qt/a on light soil qt/a on med.-heavy soil Partner lbs./a on light soil lbs./a on med-heavy soil Dual Magnum, Dual II pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on med.-fine soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge and pigweed Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge and pigweed Many small-seeded grasses and broadleaves, including annual spurge, reduction from competition from smartweed and velvetleaf Several broadleaf weeds including morningglory, pigweed, smart weed and purslane Small-seeded annual grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Small-seeded annuals Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge and pigweed; most effective on nutsedge when incorporated Incorporate in top 2 inches of soil. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Consult label for rates on soils with more than 3% OM. Incorporate in top 2 inches of soil. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Higher rates can be used on soils with greater than 3% organic matter; consult label. If replanting is necessary, do not work soil deeper than the treated zone. Do not apply after planting (surface treatment) or serious injury can result. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. May be tank-mixed with a grass herbicide. Check label for plant-back restrictions. Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil just before planting. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Apply to lima beans only. May delay maturity and/or reduce yields if cold, wet soil conditions occur after planting. Check label for tank-mix options. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Higher rates can be used on soils with more than 3% organic matter; consult label. 140 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

142 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SNAP AND LIMA BEANS 3,4,5,6,7 PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a Medal, Stalwart, Parallel, pt/a on coarse pt/a on med.-fine soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge and pigweed; most effective on nutsedge when incorporated lb./a Pursuit oz/a Several broadleaf weeds, including morningglory, pigweed, smart weed and purslane Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Higher rates can be used on soils with greater than 3% organic matter; consult label. Apply to snap beans only. May be tank-mixed with a grass herbicide. Check label for plant-back restrictions lb./a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz./a Nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds Apply following planting; prior to cracking. Will provide residual weed control lb./a Reflex 2 pt/acre Many broadleaf weeds Snap beans only. Apply preplant surface and preemergence. Check label for tank mixers. Total use cannot exceed 1.5 pt./a. Check label for instructions and precautions. POSTEMERGENCE: lbs/a Assure 6-12 oz/a 6-12 oz/a Mix with 1gal/100 gal or with 1qt/100 gal Annual and perennial grasses Surfactant required; consult label for recommendations. Do not apply within 15 days of harvest. Maximum use rates are 14 oz./a/season. Check label for rates on specific weeds and weed sizes. Pump up sprayer: 1 tbsp herbicide tbsp COC or 2 tsp NIS lb./a 1-2 pt/a Common purslane, velvetleaf, common ragweed, mustard, wild sunflowers, smartweed, hairy nightshade, cocklebur, giant ragweed, prickly sida, yellow nutsedge, other broadleaf weeds to lb./a lbs/a Sandea 75 DF or or Profine to 0.7 oz/a pt/a Mix with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: 1/3-2 oz/gal Poast oz/a gal COC No grass control Nutsedge and other broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses Apply when weeds are small and actively growing after beans form two fully expanded trifoliate leaves. Do not apply to beans that have been subjected to stress (hail, flooding, drought, injury from other herbicides or widely fluctuating temperatures). Rates highly depend on size and age of weeds. Check label for more specific rates. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. Two applications 7-10 days apart may be required to control yellow nutsedge. Apply after the 2- to 3-trifoliate stage prior to flowering. May cause temporary stunting, which could delay maturity. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights. Do not apply within 15 days of harvest. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), spray volume (5-20 GPA) and boom height to ensure thorough coverage. Do not apply more than 4 pt./a/year. Use caution when temperatures and relative humidity are high. 141 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

143 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SNAP AND LIMA BEANS 3,4,5,6,7 POSTEMERGENCE continued: pt/a Reflex pt/a Many broadleaf weeds DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Mix with 1qt/100 gal Aim oz/a Aim 40 oz/a Mix with 2 pt/100 gal or gal/100 gal lbs./a Roundup oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Most emerged broadleaf weeds; no grass control Most emerged weeds Apply to snap beans only. Snap beans should have at least 1 expanded trifoliate leaf. Total use cannot exceed 1.5 pt./a. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. See label for further instructions and tank-mixes. Apply using hoods or shields. Crops contacted will be injured. Most effective on weeds less than 4 inches tall. Can be tank-mixed with other herbicides. Apply to row middles using a hooded or shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. To avoid injury keep herbicide off foliage, shoots, stems, exposed roots and fruit. 142 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

144 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT BEET 3,4,7 PREPLANT INCORPORATED: cycloate 3-4 lbs./a PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a 3-4 lbs./a POSTEMERGENCE: lbs./a lb./a Ro-Neet 4.0 pt/a on light soil 4.7 pt/a on medium soil 5.3 pt/a on heavy soil Pyramin 4.6 lbs./a on light-med. soil 5.4 lbs./a on heavy soil Ro-Neet 4.0 pt/a on light soil 4.7 pt/a on medium soil 5.3 pt/a on heavy soil Pyramin 4.6 lbs./a on light-med. soil 5.4 lbs./a on heavy soil pt/a Mix with 2 pt/a Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil 5-7 days before planting. Apply after planting before weeds emerge. If rainfall does not occur within 5-10 days after treatment, beets should be irrigated or shallowly cultivated. Apply at planting. Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil 5-7 days before planting to reduce risk of temporary crop injury. Apply after beets have 2 expanded true leaves and before any weeds have more than 2- to 4-true leaves. Apply to small, actively growing grasses. Consult label for application timing. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. Do not apply Poast on days that are unusually hot and humid. Adding COC to Poast may increase injury. Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/a gal COC lb./a 3-6 pt/a Several broadleaf weeds Apply when beets are past the 4- to 6-leaf stage and weeds are at the 2-leaf stage. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest lb./a Stinger pt/a Broadleaf weeds; controls most legumes lb./a 6-8 oz/a Annual and perennial grasses and annual bluegrass DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Mix with 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC Aim oz/a Aim oz/a Mix with 1.3 oz/gal or 0.33 oz/gal Most emerged broadleaf weeds Apply to small actively growing weeds 30 days before harvest. Apply to actively growing grasses. Do not apply more than 8 oz./a in a single application. Do not apply to stressed weeds or when rainfall is expected within 1 hour. Wait at least 14 days before repeating applications. Apply using hoods or shields. Will injure contacted crops. Most effective on small weeds. Can be mixed with other herbicides. 143 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

145 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT BEET 3,4,7 DIRECT POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Roundup oz/a Most emerged weeds Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a POSTHARVEST: lb./a Roundup oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Most emerged weeds To avoid severe crop injury, do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. Apply to row middles only with a hooded sprayer, shielded sprayer, or a wiper applicator. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. Apply after harvest is complete. 144 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

146 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT COLE CROPS (Cabbage, Cauliflower, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts) 3,4,5,6 PREPLANT INCORPORATED: trifluralin lb./a for transplants lb./a for direct-seeded Small-seeded grasses, broadleaf weeds PREPLANT: lb./a lbs./a POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 0.75 or1 pt/a on light soil 1.0 or 1.5 pt/a on med-heavy soil 60 DF 0.6 or 0.8 lb./a on light soil 0.8 or 1.33 lbs./a on med-heavy soil Use the lower rate on directseeded crops and the higher rate on transplants. Goal 1.6E or 2XL, 1.0 pt/a on coarse soil 2.0 pt/a on med to fine soil Dacthal 6-8 lbs./a on light soil 8-10 lbs./a on med soil lbs./a on heavy soil pt/a Mix with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/a gal COC 6-8 oz/a Mix with COC at 1 gal/100gal Pennsylvania smartweed, pigweed, purslane and some grasses Annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil just before transplanting or direct seeding. Direct-seeded crops exhibit marginal tolerance to trifluralin at rates higher than 0.5 lb. ai/a (1 pt/a). Stunting or reduced stands may occur. Do not exceed the 2 pt./a rate. Transplants only. Apply in at least 20 GPA. Do not exceed 40 psi pressure. Plant with minimal soil disturbance. May cause some leaf cupping. On direct-seeded crops, apply just before planting in at least 20 gal. water/a. A minimum of 1/3-1/2 inch of water is necessary to activate within 3-5 days of application. If irrigation is unavailable, incorporate 1-2 inches to aid in weed control. Do not use on Brussels sprouts. Apply to small actively growing grasses; see label. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), spray volume (5-20 GPA) and boom height to ensure thorough coverage. Do not apply more than 3 pt./a/year. Rainfast in 1 hour. Suggested for direct-seeded crops. Do not use on Brussels sprouts. Apply to actively growing grasses. For repeat applications, make on a minimum of 14-day intervals. Rainfast in 1 hour. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. Do not apply more than 8 oz./a in a single application. Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC lb./a Stinger pt/a Broadleaf weeds, including clover Suggested for direct-seeded crops. Do not use on Brussels sprouts. Apply when weeds are small and actively growing. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. 145 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

147 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT COLE CROPS (Cabbage, Cauliflower, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts) 3,4,5,6 DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Roundup oz/a Most emerged weeds lb./a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Aim oz/a Aim oz/a Mix with 1.3 oz/gal or 0.33 oz/gal Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control Suggested for direct-seeded crops. Do not use on Brussels sprouts. To avoid severe crop injury, do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. Apply to row middles only with a hooded sprayer, shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. Do not use on Brussels sprouts. Apply using hoods or shields. Will injure contacted crops. Most effective on small weeds. Can be mixed with other herbicides. 146 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

148 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT CARROT 3,4,5 PREPLANT INCORPORATED: trifluralin 0.5-1lb./A PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a POSTEMERGENCE: lbs./a lb./a lb./a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2 pt/a heavy soil 60 DF lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on medium soil 1.6 lbs./a on heavy soil Lorox 1.5 lbs./a on light soil lbs./a on medium soil 3.0 lbs./a on heavy soil Lorox 1.5 lbs./a on light soil lbs./a on medium soil 3.0 lbs./a on heavy soil Fusilade pt/a Mix 6-12 oz of Fusilade with 1-2 pt COC or pt NIS in 25 gal of water pt/a Mix with 2 pt/a COC Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC Small-seeded grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Broadleaf weeds, some grasses and yellow nutsedge Broadleaf weeds, some grasses and yellow nutsedge Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil just before planting. Apply after planting before carrots or weeds emerge. Plant seed 1/2 inch deep. Be aware of replant restrictions. Apply after carrots are at least 3 inches tall and before grasses are 2 inches and broadleaves are 6 inches. Do not tank-mix with other pesticides. Be aware of replant restrictions. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed the labeled growth stages. Use sufficient spray volume (5-40 gal./a) and pressure (40-60 psi) to ensure adequate coverage. Do not harvest carrots within 45 days after application. Maximum use rate is 48 oz./a/season. Do not apply to stressed grasses or when rainfall is expected within 1 hour. Apply before grasses exceed height labeled heights. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), spray volume (5-20 gal./a) and boom height to aid in coverage. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. Maximum use rate is 3 pt./a. Rainfast in 1 hour lbs./a 6-8 oz/a Mix with 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC Annual and perennial grasses and annual bluegrass Apply post-emergence to actively growing grasses. Do not apply under stressed conditions or if rainfall is expected within 1 hour. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. Do not apply more than 8 oz./a in a single application. For repeat applications, make on a minimum of 14-day interval. 147 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

149 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT CARROT 3,4,5 POSTEMERGENCE continued: 0.25 lb./a Many broadleaf weeds Sencor 0.5 pt/a Sencor 0.33 lb./a Stoddard solvent gal/a Many annual grasses and broadleaf weeds DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Roundup oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Most emerged weeds Apply after carrots reach the 5- to 6-leaf stage but before weeds are 1 inch high. Do not apply within 3 days after a period of cool, wet or cloudy weather or crop injury will occur. Second application can be made after an interval of at least 3 weeks. Apply at least 60 days before harvest. Check label for crop rotation. Do not apply later than 6 weeks before harvest. Apply before weeds are 1 inch tall. Works best on warm sunny days. Apply to row middles only using a hooded sprayer, shielded sprayer, or a wiper applicator. Also may be used after harvest. To avoid severe crop injury do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. 1lb./A Prowl 2 pt/a Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds May be applied as a directed spray to the soil between rows after the last mechanical cultivation. DO NOT ALLOW THE SPRAY TO CONTACT THE CARROT PLANTS OR INJURY MAY OCCUR. Do not apply more than 2.0 pt./a per season. Apply at least 60 days before harvest. Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated fields. 148 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

150 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SWEET CORN 3,4 PREPLANT/PREPLANT INCORPORATED: lbs./a 4L 2 pt/a on coarse soil 3 pt/a on medium soil 4 pt/a on fine soil Multiply the 4 L rate by 0.8 when using a 5 L atrazine. 80 DF 1.25 lbs./a on coarse soil 1.90 lbs./a on medium soil 2.50 lbs./a on fine soil Multiply the 80 DF rate by 0.88 when using a 90 DF atrazine. Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a 2-4 lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a lbs./a Bicep II qt/a Bicep Lite II 1.5 to 2.2 qt/a Lasso 4EC or 4 pt/a on light soil 6 pt/a on medium soil 8 pt/a on heavy soil Partner 3 lbs./a on light soil 4 lbs./a on medium soil 6 lbs./a on heavy soil 2.5 qt/a on coarse soil 3.5 qt/a on medium soil qt/a on fine soil Dual Magnum, Dual II 1-2 pt/a Medal, Stalwart, Parallel, pt/a on coarse pt/a on med.-fine soil 8-12 oz/a on coarse-med. soil oz/a on fine soil Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses and pigweed Most annual grasses and pigweed Most annual grasses, pigweeds and some sedges Apply to surface of freshly moist cultivated soil. Do not plant treated areas with any crop except corn or grain sorghum until the following year. Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. ai/a per application or 2.5 lb. ai/year. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Do not mix, load or use within 50 ft. of a well. Use a device to prevent back siphoning when mixing. See comments for atrazine and S-metolachlor. Do not exceed more than 2.0 lb. ai/a atrazine per application (2.6 qt./a Bicep II or 3 qt./a Bicep Lite). Bicep Lite at 3 qt./a would injure corn. The maximum use rate for atrazine is 2.5 lb. ai/a/year. Use Bicep Lite if another atrazine application is expected. Apply to surface of freshly cultivated soil. Do not forage or harvest immature corn within 12 weeks after treatment. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. See comments for atrazine. Do not exceed more than 2.0 lb. ai/a atrazine per application (5.33 qt./a of Bullet). The maximum use rate for atrazine is 2.5 lb. ai/a/year. Do not exceed 6.4 qt. of Bullet/A per year. Apply to soil surface immediately after planting. Consult labels for approved tank-mixes. Apply to soil surface immediately after planting. Consult labels for approved tank-mixes. Apply to soil surface immediately after planting. Check with seed supplier for varietal tolerance. Consult label for approved tank-mixes. 149 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

151 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SWEET CORN 3,4 PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a Same as above. Same as above Apply after planting before crop and weeds emerge. See additional comments above lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a 2-4 lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a POSTEMERGENCE: lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a lbs./a Bicep II qt/a Bicep Lite II qt/a Lasso 4EC or 4 pt/a on light soil 6 pt/a on medium soil 8 pt/a on heavy soil Partner 3 lbs./a on light soil 4 lbs./a on medium soil 6 lbs./a on heavy soil 2.5 qt/a on coarse soil 3.5 qt/a on medium soil qt/a on fine soil 8-12 oz/a on coarse-med. soil oz/a on fine soil Rates as above. Apply with 1 pt/25 gal NIS or 1 qt/25 gal COC Bicep II qt/a Bicep Lite II qt/a Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses, pigweeds and some sedges Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds See comments for atrazine and S-metolachlor. Do not exceed more than 2.0 lb. ai/a atrazine per application (2.6 qt./a Bicep II or 3 qt./a Bicep Lite). The S- metolachlor rate in 3 qt./a Bicep Lite would injure corn. The maximum use rate for atrazine is 2.5 lb. ai/a/year. Use Bicep Lite if another atrazine application is expected. Apply after planting before weeds and corn emerge. Do not forage or harvest immature corn within 12 weeks after treatment. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Apply after planting before weeds and corn emerge. See comments for atrazine and alachlor. Do not exceed 6.4 qt. of Bullet/A per year. Apply early post-emergence before corn reaches 8 inches tall and weeds exceed the 2-leaf stage. Check with seed supplier for varietal tolerance. Consult label for approved tank-mixes. Apply before corn is 12 inches tall and pigweeds reach 6 inches and before other broadleaf weeds reach 4 inches and grasses reach 1.5 inches. Do not apply when crop is under stress from prolonged wet or cold weather, poor fertility, is wet and succulent following a recent rain, or other factors. See additional comments above. Apply before weeds exceed the 2-leaf stage and corn exceeds 5 inches. See comments for atrazine and S- metolachlor. Do not exceed more than 2.0 lb. ai/a atrazine per application (2.6 qt./a Bicep II or 3 qt./a Bicep Lite). The S-metolachlor rate in 3 qt./a Bicep Lite would injure corn. The maximum use rate for atrazine is 2.5 lb. ai/a/year. Use Bicep Lite if another atrazine application is expected. 150 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

152 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SWEET CORN 3,4 POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a pt/a lb./a Mix with COC in some situations; consult label. Sandea 75 DF, Profine 75 DF Sempra oz/a Apply with 1-2 pt/100 gal. of water or 1 gal/100 gal. of water Many broadleaf weeds including annual morningglory, cocklebur, velvetleaf, Pennsylvania smartweed, prickly sida, dayflower, ragweed and yellow nutsedge No grass control Nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds Apply to small, actively growing weeds. Two applications of 5-14 days apart may be necessary to control morningglories at the 4-leaf and 4-inch-tall stage. Addition of COC will increase control of morningglory, velvetleaf and ragweed. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Do not apply more than 4 pt./a per season. User assumes all responsibility for use on sweet corn. May be applied over the top or with drop nozzles from spiking to layby. A sequential treatment of 0.66 oz./a directed to avoid application in the whorl may be made. Avoid cultivation for 7 days after application. Consult label for plant back restrictions. No more than 2 applications per season. Do not apply to crops under stress. Check label for weed stage development. Do not harvest within 30 days of application. 151 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

153 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT CUCURBITS (Cucumber, Squash, Watermelon, Pumpkin, Cantaloupe) 4,5,6,7 PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a lb./a Curbit 3 pt/a on coarse soil 3-4 pt/a on medium soil pt/a on fine soil Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz/a Certain annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Replant only crops listed on the Curbit or other ethalfluralin labels Nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds Apply after planting before crop and weeds emerge. Band between rows after transplanting or seeded crop emerge. Do not use under or over row covers, hot caps, plastic mulch or other plant covers. Under cool weather that can delay early seedling emergence or growth (first planting of the season), Curbit can cause injury or crop failure. Crop residue, weeds, cloddy conditions and wet soils may interfere with Curbit performance. Must be activated with 5 days with a1/2 inch of rainfall or irrigation. Cucumbers and cantaloupe only. Apply after planting before weeds and crop emerge. Also can be applied 7 days prior to transplanting. May be applied as an under-plastic mulch. Apply following final bed shaping and just prior to laying plastic. Wait 7 days after application to plant lbs./a lb./a Strategy 2.6 pt/a Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply after seeding. Do not apply prior to planting. Do not incorporate. May be applied in row middles lb./a Command pt/a Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds with some cocklebur control. Apply to after planting. Foliar contact with drift or vapors may whiten plants. Symptoms are generally temporary, but may persist on some plants. Don t apply within 1,200 feet of sensitive areas; consult label. Rotation to all is 12 months. May be mixed with other herbicides. Some varieties may be sensitive; consult label. Don t use on Jack-O-Lantern or squash lb./a Sinbar oz/a Broadleaf weeds For use on watermelons only. Apply before crop or weeds emerge or apply before transplanting. Can be applied under plastic or to row middles. Can be applied over plastic mulch before punching holes. However, a 1/2-inch rain is required to wash off Sinbar before holes are punched or transplanted. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Select 9-16 oz/a 6-8 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal clethodim oz/gal COC Annual and perennial grasses May also be applied to musk melons. Apply before grasses exceed recommend height; consult label. Do not apply under stressed conditions. Rainfast in 1 hour. May be applied a minimum of 30 days before harvest. Don t apply more than 8 oz./a/application. Allow 14 days between applications. 152 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

154 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT CUCURBITS (Cucumber, Squash, Watermelon, Pumpkin, Cantaloupe) 4,5,6,7 POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a lb./a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz/a Apply with 1 qt/ 100 gal of water pt/a Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast+ 1.3 oz/a COC/gal DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Roundup oz/a lb./a trifluralin 0.5-1lb./A lb./a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz/a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2 pt/a heavy soil 60 DF lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on medium soil 1.6 lbs./a on heavy soil Aim oz/a oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or COC at 1 gal/100 gal Yellow and purple nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds. Annual and perennial grasses Most emerged weeds Nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds Pre-emergence control only. Smallseeded grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control Cucumbers and cantaloupe only. Overtop application 14 days after transplanting. Avoid overtop application when temperature or humidity are high. Can be applied as a direct spray to row middles. Thirty days to harvest cucumbers; 57 days to harvest cantaloupes. See label for crop rotation intervals. DO NOT apply more than 2 oz./a in a 12-month period. May also be applied to musk melons. Apply before grasses exceed recommend height; consult label. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), spray volume (5-20 GPA) and height of spray boom to ensure thorough coverage. Do not apply Poast within 14 days of harvest. Do not apply more than 3 pt./a/season. Poast plus COC should be used with caution when temperatures exceed 90 degrees and the relative humidity is 60% or higher because of potential leaf injury. Rainfast in 1 hour. Do not apply to grasses under stress. Apply to row middles only using a hooded sprayer, shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Also may be used after harvest. To avoid severe crop injury, do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. Apply to row middles. For use in watermelons, pumpkins or squash only. For use only on cucumbers, watermelons and cantaloupes. Direct spray to row middles and/or beneath plants at the 3- to 4-true-leaf stage. Incorporate within 24 hrs; adjust equipment to move treated soil around the base of plants. Do not harvest cucumbers or cantaloupes within 30 days or watermelons within 60 days. Do not apply over the top of plants. Do not use on squash. Apply post-emergence directed using hoods. Spray will injure crop. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Good coverage equals good weed control. Can be mixed with other herbicides to control grasses. 153 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

155 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT CUCURBITS (Cucumber, Squash, Watermelon, Pumpkin, Cantaloupe) 4,5,6,7 DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a lb./A 2.1 L 2-3 pt/a Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Cucumbers, cantaloupes pumpkins watermelons, squash. May be applied post-directed spray to row middles after crop emergence or transplanting. Do not apply over plants. Pre-emergence activity on weeds only. 154 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

156 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT EGGPLANT 4,6,7 PREPLANT/PRE-TRANSPLANT: 1-2 lbs./a trifluralin 0.5-1lb./A Devrinol 2 lbs./a on light soil 3 lbs./a on medium soil 4 lbs./a on heavy soil Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2 pt/a heavy soil Certain annual grasses and broadleaves Small-seeded grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Apply before transplanting; can only be used on transplants. Incorporate 1- to 2-inches deep soon after application. Spray soil strip between rows of plastic after laying the mulch. Incorporate thoroughly in the top 2 inches of soil just before transplanting. Avoid transplanting until temperatures have warmed in the spring. Eggplant tolerance may be marginal. Use with caution. 60 DF lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on medium soil 1.6 lbs./a on heavy soil POSTEMERGENCE/POST-TRANSPLANT: lb./a pt/a lb./a Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC 6-8 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE/DIRECTED POST-TRANSPLANT: 0.49 lb./a Gramoxone 2 pt/a Firestorm, pt/a Mix with 1 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 oz/gal paraquat oz/gal NIS or 1.3 oz/gal COC. Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Emerged small annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennials Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights; consult label. Adjust equipment to ensure good coverage. Apply a minimum 20 days before harvest. Maximum use rate is 4.5 pt./a/yr. Rainfast in 1 hour. Poast plus COC may cause leaf burn. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights; consult label. 20 days before harvest. Max use rate is 8 oz./a/application. Rainfast in 1 hour. Allow 14 days between applications. Apply after transplanting as a directed spray between rows. Use shields to protect crop. Use GPA. Do not exceed 30 psi nozzle pressure or spray under conditions that favor drift. Apply when weeds and grasses are 1-6 inches high. Apply a minimum of 30 days to harvest. Do not exceed 3 applications per season. Do not feed or graze treated areas. 155 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

157 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT EGGPLANT 4,6,7 DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE/DIRECTED POST-TRANSPLANT continued: lb./a Roundup oz/a Most emerged weeds lb./a lb./a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz/a Aim 2 oz/a Aim 40 oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Apply to row middles only using a hooded or shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Also may be used postharvest. To avoid severe injury to crop, do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. Apply to row middles; avoid contact with crop and plastic. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. Long residual. Check label for recrop intervals. Do not apply more than 2 oz./a/year. Apply as directed spray using hoods. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Good coverage equals good weed control. 156 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

158 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT GREENS (Collard, Mustard, Turnip) 3,4,7 PREPLANT INCORPORATED: trifluralin lb./a POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin, and other 4 EC 1pt/A on light soil 1.5 pt/a on med.-heavy soil 60 DF 0.8 lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on med.-heavy soil Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC Select 9-16 oz/a 6-8 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal Small-seeded annual grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal clethodim+1.3 oz/gal COC lb./a Stinger 3 ED pt/a Clover, legumes and other broadleaf weeds DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Aim2 oz/a Aim 40 oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/ lb./a Roundup oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Most emerged weeds Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil just before planting. Do not use on turnips. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed recommended heights. Adjust equipment to ensure good coverage. 20 days before harvest. Maximum use rate is 4.5 pt./a/yr. Rainfast in 1 hour. Poast plus COC may cause leaf burn. Use with caution when temperatures exceed 90 degrees and the relative humidity is 60% or higher, or when temperatures reach 100 degrees. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed recommended heights; consult label. Do not apply within 14 days of harvesting leaves or 30 days of harvesting the root. Maximum use rate is 8 oz./a/application. Rainfast in 1 hour. Apply to crop when weeds are small and actively growing. Apply at least 30 days before harvest for mustard, collards, turnips roots, kale and 15 days before harvest for turnip tops. Mustard green injury has been observed in some trials. Direct application using a hooded sprayer. Spray will injure crop. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Good coverage equals good control. Not labeled for turnip. Apply to row middles only using a hooded or shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Also may be used post-harvest. To avoid severe injury to crop, do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. 157 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

159 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT GARLIC 3,5,7 PREEMERGENCE: lb./a Annual broadleaf weeds lbs./a Goal pt/a Goal 2XL, Galligan pt/a Prowl 3.3, Pendimax pt/a on light soil pt/a on med. soil pt/a on heavy soil Prowl pt/a on light soil pt/a on med. soil pt/a on heavy soil Pentagon lbs./a on light soil lbs./a on med. soil lbs./a on heavy soil Many small-seeded grasses and broadleaves, including annual spurge Apply a single application within 2 days of planting for pre-emergence control. See post-emergence section of product label for additional comments. Apply after planting before weeds and crop emerge. Treatment most effective when rainfall or overhead irrigation is received within 7 days after application. May be applied as split application both pre-emergence and post-emergence lb./a Chateau 51 6 oz/a Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Application can be made within 3 days after planting. Apply prior to garlic and weed emergence. Do not apply more than 6 oz./a/growing season. POSTEMERGENCE: Buctril 2EC, Moxy pt/a lb./a Buctril pt/a Fusilade pt/a Apply with 1-2 pt/25 gal or pt/25 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.75 oz/gal Fusilade oz/gal COC or 0.5 oz/gal NIS Many broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses Apply when garlic has 1- to 2-true-leaf stage and less than 12 inches tall and weeds are 1-4 inches tall. Use a minimum spray volume of 20 gal./a. Do not apply within 112 days of harvest. Do not add surfactants. Use lower rate on small weeds and the higher rate on 4 inches weeds. Do not apply more than 0.5 lb. ai/a/season. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed the labeled heights; consult label. Use sufficient spray volume (5-40 GPA) and pressure (40-60 psi) to ensure complete coverage. Do not harvest garlic within 45 days after application. Do not apply a total of more than 48 oz./a of Fusilade DX per acre per season. Do not apply to grasses that are drought-stressed. Do not apply if rainfall is expected within 1hour lb./a Outlook oz/a Annual grasses and pigweed Apply after the crop has reached the 2-true-leaf stage until a minimum of 30 days till harvest. Application made prior to the 2-true-leaf stage may result in significant crop injury including possible stand reduction. 158 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

160 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT GARLIC 3,5,7 POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Annual and perennial grasses lb./a 0.12 lb./a lbs./a DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Select 2EC, 6-8 oz/a Select 9-16 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal clethodim+1.3 oz/gal COC pt/a Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC Goal 9.6 oz/a Goal 2XL, Galligan oz/a Prowl 3.3, Pendimax pt/a on light soil pt/a on med. soil pt/a on heavy soil Prowl pt/a on light soil pt/a on med. soil pt/a on heavy soil Pentagon lbs./a on light soil lbs./a on med. soil lbs./a on heavy soil Aim oz/a Aim oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 Roundup Weathermax, other 5L oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Annual and perennial grasses Annual broadleaf weeds Many small-seeded grasses and broadleaves, including annual spurge Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control, but can be mixed with grass herbicides Most emerged weeds Apply to actively growing grasses. Rates vary by grass species, stage and region. Do not apply under stressed conditions. Rainfast in 1 hour. May be applied a minimum of 45 days before harvest. Do not apply more than 0.5 lb. ai/a/year. Apply in a minimum of 20 GPA. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed recommended heights. Adjust equipment to ensure good coverage 45 days before harvest. Maximum use rate is 3 pt./a/yr. Use with caution when temperatures exceed 90 degrees and the relative humidity is 60% or higher or when temperatures reach 100 degrees. Apply after garlic has 2-true leaves and weeds are in the 2- to 4-true-leaf stage. Some garlic injury may result. Injury may be severe if applied under cool, wet conditions. Do not make more than 4 applications per year. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. Apply to garlic with 1-5 leaves. Treatment most effective when rainfall or overhead irrigation is received within 7 days after application. May be applied as split application both pre-emergence and post-emergence. Garlic treated post-emergence should not be harvested within 45 days after application. Direct applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective on weeds less than 4 inches tall. Coverage is critical to weed control. Apply to row middles using only a hooded or shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Also may be used postharvest. Avoid crop injury by keeping herbicide off foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. 159 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

161 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT LEAFY VEGETABLES (Lettuce, Endive, Escarole, Radicchio) 3,4,6,7 PREPLANT/PREPLANT INCORPORATED: lbs./a Balan 2.0 lbs./a on coarse-med soil 2.5 lbs./a on fine soil Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Lettuce and endive: Incorporate into the top 2-3 inches of the final seed bed before seeding or transplanting. Check label for further information. 1-2 lbs./a Kerb lbs./a on coarse-med soil lbs./a on fine soil Annual grasses and broadleaves 5-6 lbs./a Prefar 5-6 qt/a Certain annual grasses and broadleaf weeds trifluralin lb./a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and Small-seeded annual grasses, other 4 EC broadleaf weeds and seedling 1pt/A on light soil johnsongrass 1.5 pt/a on med.-heavy soil 60 DF 0.8 lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on med.-heavy soil PREEMERGENCE: 5-6 lbs./a Prefar 5-6 qt/a Certain annual grasses and 1-2 lbs./a POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Kerb lbs./a on coarse-med soil lbs./a on fine soil Select 2 EC, 6-8 oz/a Select 9-16 oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal broadleaf weeds Annual grasses and broadleaves Annual and perennial grasses Lettuce, endive & escarole: Necessary to move herbicides into the root zone of germinating weeds by overhead sprinkler irrigation or rainfall 2-3 days after application. Can be incorporated shallowly and thoroughly before planting. Check rotation restrictions. Make only one application/year. Lettuce: Incorporate 1-2 inches before planting. Endive, escarole and radicchio: Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil just before planting. Cold, wet soil conditions just after planting may increase risk of crop injury. Do not seed until seedbed has warmed. Lettuce: Apply after planting to crops where the application can receive immediate irrigation. Lettuce, endive & escarole: See comments above For use on leaf lettuce: Apply to actively growing grasses. Do not apply more than 8 oz./a in a single application. Rainfast in 1 hour. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. Allow 14 days between applications. 1-2 lbs./a Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/a clethodim oz/gal COC Kerb lbs./a on coarse-med soil lbs./a on fine soil Annual grasses and broadleaves. Head lettuce, endive & escarole: Do not apply to leaf lettuce POST. Apply before or after thinning before weeds germinate. Move herbicide into the root zone by overhead irrigation or rainfall within 2-3 days. Check rotation restrictions. 55 days to harvest. Make one application per year. 160 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

162 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT LEAFY VEGETABLES (Lettuce, Endive, Escarole, Radicchio) 3,4,6,7 POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a pt/a Annual and perennial grasses lb./a DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC Fusilade 6-8 oz/a Apply with 1-2 pt/25 gal or pt/25 gal Aim oz/a Aim oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/ lb./a Roundup oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Annual and perennial grasses Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control, but can be mixed with grass herbicides. Most emerged weeds Lettuce: Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights; consult label. Do not apply within 30 days of head lettuce harvest or within 15 days of leaf lettuce. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), spray volume (5-20 gal./a) and height of spray boom to ensure thorough coverage. Do not apply more than 4.5 pt./a/year. Rainfast in 1 hour. Poast plus COC should be used with caution because of potential of leaf injury when temperature and RH are high. Lettuce and endive: Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled growth stages; consult label. Use sufficient spray volume (5-40 gal./a) and pressure to ensure complete coverage. Do not harvest lettuce within 28 days after application. Don t apply more than 48 oz./a/season. Lettuce: Direct applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective on weeds less than 4 inches tall. Good coverage is critical. Lettuce: Apply to row middles using only a hooded or shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Also may be used post-harvest. Avoid injury by keeping herbicide off all plant parts. 14 days to harvest. 161 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

163 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT IRISH POTATO 3,4,5,7 PREPLANT/PREPLANT INCORPORATED: lbs./a Dual Magnum, Dual II 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2 pt/a on heavy soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed Incorporate in top 3 inches before planting; consult label. If cool wet weather occurs after application, Dual delays maturity and reduces yields in early maturing varieties. Do not follow this treatment with a preemergence application. Do not harvest within 60 days after application. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Planting and future cultural practices should lbs./a Medal, Stalwart, Parallel, Charger 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2 pt/a on heavy soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed PREEMERGENCE: dimethenamid-p Outlook oz/a Most annual grasses, broadleaf weeds, yellow nutsedge lb./a Matrix ½ oz/a Most annual broadleaf weeds and some grasses lbs./a lb./a Dual Magnum, Dual II 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2 pt/a on heavy soil Sencor 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2 pt/a on heavy soil Sencor 0.66 lb./a on light soil 1 lb./a on medium soil 1.3 lbs./a on heavy soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed Crabgrass, foxtail, seedling johnsongrass, fall panicum, broadleaf signalgrass, several broadleaf weeds not bring untreated soil to the surface. Incorporate in top 3 inches before planting; consult label. If cool wet weather occurs after application, Dual delays maturity and reduces yields in early maturing varieties. Do not follow this treatment with a preemerge application. Do not harvest within 60 days after application. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Planting and future cultural practices should not bring untreated soil to the surface. Apply after planting or drag-off. Will not control emerged weeds. Apply after drag-off or hilling but before potatoes and weeds emerge. If emerged weeds are present add 1-2 pt. of NIS/100 gal. See label for tank-mixtures. Apply after planting, drag-off or hilling before potatoes or weeds emerge; consult label. If cool wet weather occurs after application, Dual delays maturity and reduces yields in early maturing varieties. Do not use pre-emerge if Dual was used preplant. Do not harvest within 60 after planting. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Planting and later cultural practices should not bring untreated soil to the surface. Do not plant treated areas to crops other than potatoes for one year after treatment. Do not apply to sweet potatoes or yams. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. 162 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

164 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT IRISH POTATO 3,4,5,7 PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a lbs./a Lorox lbs./a on coarse soil lbs./a on medium soil Prowl/Pendimax 1.2 pt/a on coarse soil 2.4 pt/a on medium soil 3.6 pt/a on fine soil Prowl 1.0 pt/a on coarse soil 2.0 pt/a on medium soil 3.0 pt/a on fine soil Pentagon lbs./a on coarse soil lb on medium soil lb on fine soil Most small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses, seedling Johnsongrass; good control of some small-seeded broadleaves such as pigweed lb./a Chateau oz/a Most annual broadleaf weeds and some grasses POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a 6-8 oz/a Apply with COC at 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC Annual and perennial grasses Apply before crop emergence. Apply before grasses are 2 inches tall and before broadleaf weeds are 6 inches tall. Plant seed at least 2 inches deep. Do not spray over top of emerged potatoes. If emerged weeds are present, add 1pt./25 gal. Best results are obtained when application is made to moist soil, followed within 2 weeks by 1-2 inches of rainfall. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Apply after planting before crop or weeds emerge or after drag off. Most effective when rainfall is received within 7 days of application. Incorporate 1-2 inches deep if it does not rain within 7 days. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Do not apply before planting. Do not apply to sweet potatoes. Apply after hilling, before crop emerges. A minimum of 2 inches of soil must cover crop at the time of application. Check label for tank-mixes. Apply to actively growing grasses. 30 days to harvest. Rainfast in 1 hour. Don t apply more than 8 oz./a/application. Allow 14 days between applications lbs./a Prowl/Pendimax 1.2 pt/a on coarse soil 2.4 pt/a on medium soil 3.6 pt/a on fine soil Prowl 1.0 pt/a on coarse soil 2.0 pt/a on medium soil 3.0 pt/a on fine soil Most annual grasses, seedling johnsongrass; good control of some small-seeded broadleaves such as pigweed; will not control emerged weeds Apply after crop emergence to 6-inch stage of growth. This treatment is most effective when adequate rainfall is received within 7 days after application. Do not apply if potatoes are under stress from cold/wet or hot/dry conditions or crop injury may occur. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. 163 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

165 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT IRISH POTATO 3,4,5,7 POSTEMEERGENCE: continued lb./a pt/a Annual and perennial grasses Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Roundup oz/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Most emerged weeds lbs./a Dual 1.67 pt/a Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed lbs./a Medal, Stalwart, Parallel, 1.67 pt/a No control of emerged weeds Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed Apply before grasses exceed height recommended for treatment. Do not apply Poast within 30 days of harvest. Do not apply more than a total of 5 pt./a in one season. Do not apply if rainfall is expected within one hour following application. Do not apply to grasses under stress. Apply with a hooded sprayer in row middles, as shielded sprayer in row middles, as wiper applications in row middles or postharvest. To avoid severe injury to the crop, do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit of crop. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. Apply as a directed spray after hilling/layby to row middles. May be applied over a previous Dual Magnum application. Do not exceed 3.6 pt./a of Dual Magnum in a single crop season. Potatoes should not be harvested 40 days after a layby application. If cool, wet weather occurs after application, Dual may delay maturity and reduce yields in early maturing varieties. See comments for S-metolachlor lb./a HARVEST AID: lb./a diquat lb./a Aim oz/a Aim oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or COC at 1 gal/100 gal gal/a Desicate qt/a Reglone 1-2 pt/a Apply with 1 pt/100 gal No control of emerged weeds Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Direct applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Coverage is critical. Desiccate potato vines Apply to vines days prior to harvest. In addition to facilitating harvest, it assists in setting potato skins. Apply in GPA. Use higher rates for heavy vine growth. Only mechanically harvest treated potatoes. Culling of harvested potatoes is allowed. Desiccate potato vines Apply at least 7 days prior to harvest. Apply in GPA. Use higher volumes ( GPA) for heavy vine growth. Make a second application a minimum 5 days after first application where vine growth is dense. Do not exceed a total of 4 pt./a. 164 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

166 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT OKRA 3,7 PREPLANT/PREPLANT INCORPORATED: trifluralin lb./a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin, and other 4 EC 1pt/A on light soil 1.5 pt/a on med 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil 60 DF 0.87 lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on medium soil 1.66 lbs./a on heavy soil Small-seeded annual grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil just before planting. Check label for rates of other formulations of trifluralin. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Roundup oz/a lb./a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Aim oz/a Aim oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or COC at 1 gal/100 gal Most emerged weeds Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Apply with a hooded sprayer in row middles, as shielded sprayer in row middles, as wiper applications in row middles or postharvest. To avoid severe injury to the crop do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit of crop. Do not apply with 14 days of harvest. Direct applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Coverage is critical. 165 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

167 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT ONION 3,4,5,7 PREPLANT/PRETRANSPLANT: lb./a Many annual broadleaf weeds Goal pt/a Galligan pt/a PREEMERGENCE/POST-TRANSPLANT: lb./a Goal pt/a Galligan pt/a DCPA POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./A Dacthal lbs./a on light soil 8-10 lbs./a on medium soil lbs./a on heavy soil Fusilade 6-24 oz/a Apply with 1-2 pt/25 gal or pt/25 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.75 fl oz/gal Fusilade oz/gal COC Buctril, Moxy pt/a Buctril 0.5 to.75 pt/a Many annual broadleaf weeds Annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses Many broadleaf weeds lb./a Outlook oz/a Most annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds Apply after soil preparation, but prior to transplanting. Transplanting should be completed with minimal soil disturbance. Do not exceed 2 pt./a as a result of multiple applications in one season. If less than 2 pt./a is applied as a pre- or post-transplant treatment, postemergence applications can be made. Do not apply to direct-seeded onions. Transplant dry bulb only. Onions are most tolerant to this application immediately following or within 2 days of transplanting. Do not disturb treated soil. Do not exceed 2 pt./a/year. If less than 2 pt./a is applied as a pre- or post-transplant treatment, POST applications can be made. Dry bulb onions direct-seed or transplant. Apply in at least 20 GPAA. A minimum of 1/3-1/2 inch of water is necessary to activate within 3-5 days of application. Do not incorporate. Dry bulb onions. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed the recommended growth stages; consult label. 45 days to harvest. Use sufficient spray volume (5-40 GPA) and pressure (40-60 psi) to ensure complete coverage. Do not apply more than 48 oz./a/season. Rainfast in 1 hour. Dry bulb onions. Apply to onions with 2-5 true leaves. Water volume is important; use GPA. Soil and onion foliage should be dry at time of application, humidity should be low and dew should be dried. Do not treat if thrip damage or other damage has removed or reduced the waxy coating on the onion foliage. Even under ideal conditions some crop damage or death may occur. Dry bulb onions. Apply after onions have 2 true leaves. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. If applications are made to transplant crop, DO NOT APPLY until transplants are in the ground and soil has settled around transplants with several days to recover. 166 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

168 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT ONION 3,4,5,7 POSTEMERGENCE continued: sulfuric acid 0.12 lb./a lb./a lb./a lbs./a Battery 3-5% solution of actual sulfuric acid Goal 0.6 pt/a Galligan 0.5 pt/a Select, 6-8 oz/a Select 9-16 oz/a Apply with COC at 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC pt/a Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC Prowl/Pendimax 1.2 pt/a on coarse soil 2.4 pt/a on medium soil 3.6 pt/a on fine soil Prowl 1.0 pt/a on coarse soil 2.0 pt/a on medium soil 3.0 pt/a on fine soil Emerged small broadleaf weeds and some grasses Many annual broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses and bluegrass Annual and perennial grasses Many small-seeded grasses and broadleaves Dry bulb onions. Apply after onions have reached the 2- to 4-leaf stage and weeds are in the 2- to 4-leaf stage. For best results apply on bright, sunny and warm days. Apply in gal. of water for through coverage. Pour acid into water, never water into acid. Wear protective clothing and eyewear. Apply when onions have at least 2-3 fully developed true leaves and when weeds are in the 2- to 4-leaf stage or 2 weeks after transplanting. 45 days to harvest. Don t apply to onions under stress. Multiple treatments may be applied. Maximum use rate is 2 pt./a/yr. Apply in a minimum of 40 gal. of water/a with flat fan tips at 20 to 40 psi. Avoid windy days. For dry bulb onions avoid application during extended periods of cloudy, humid weather when soil moisture is plentiful. Dry bulb onions. Apply to actively growing grasses. Rates vary by grass species, stage and region; consult label. Rainfast in 1 hour. Apply a minimum of 45 days before harvest. Maximum use rate is 0.5 lb. ai/a/year. 20 GPA minimum volume. Green and dry bulb onions. Apply to actively growing grasses before recommended heights are exceeded; consult label. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), spray volume (5-20 gal./a) and height of spray boom to ensure thorough coverage. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. Do not apply more than 4.5 pt./a/season. Rainfast in 1 hour. Should be used with caution because of potential of leaf injury when temperatures exceed 90 degrees and relative humidity is 60% or higher or the temperature exceeds 100 degrees. Dry bulb onions direct seed or transplant. Apply between the 2- to 9-true-leaf stage. Do not apply within 45 days of harvest. Treatments are most effective when not more than 0.5 inch of rainfall or overhead irrigation is received within 7 days after application. Heavy rains after application can cause crop injury. 167 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

169 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT ONION 3,4,5,7 DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Roundup oz/a Most emerged weeds lb./a lb./a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Aim oz/a Aim oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or COC at 1 gal/100 gal Treflan HFP 4EC, Trifluralin 4EC, Trilin 0.75 pt/a on light oil 1.25 pt/a on med-heavy soil Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Many small-seed grasses and broadleaves Apply with a hooded sprayer in row middles, as shielded sprayer in row middles, as wiper applications in row middles or postharvest. To avoid severe injury to the crop do not allow herbicide to contact foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit of crop. Do not apply with 14 days of harvest. Direct applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Coverage is critical. Dry bulb onions direct-seed or transplant. Apply to row middles with shields. Incorporate within 1 day of application. Rate varies by soil type. Avoid contacting roots, bulbs or foliage with spray. 168 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

170 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT PEPPERS 4,5,6,7 PREPLANT/PREPLANT INCORPORATED: trifluralin lb./a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 1pt/A on light soil 1.5 pt/a on med 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil 60 DF 0.87 lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on medium soil 1.66 lbs./a on heavy soil Many small-seeded annual grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Bell and hot pepper transplants only: Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil just before transplanting lb./a 1-2 pt/a Broadleaf weeds, some grasses, geranium and cutleaf evening primrose lbs./a napropamide 1-2 lb./a Prowl 1.0-1,5 pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on fine soil Devrinol 2 lbs./a on light soil 4 lbs./a on heavy soil Devrinol 0.5 gal/a on light soil Many small-seeded grasses and broadleaves Many small-seeded annual grasses and broadleaves 1.0 gal/a on heavy soil lb./a Command pta Most annual grasses and some small-seeded broadleaf weeds Bell and hot pepper transplants only; Plastic culture only: Apply to soil surface on preformed beds at least 30 days prior to transplanting. Incorporation is not necessary, but it may result in less crop injury. Best results are obtained if plastic is applied soon after application. Apply before transplanting, but not under plastic. Do not apply before direct seeding hot peppers. Incorporation is beneficial when rainfall does not occur to activate. Hot pepper only: Can be used on direct-seeded or transplanted crops. Apply to well-worked soil and incorporate 1-2 inches in the same day. Bell and hot pepper (except banana): Do not use on banana peppers. Incorporate 1 inch or less before planting. Plant seed or transplants below the chemical barrier. Foliar contact with spray drift may cause temporary whitening of plants. Whitening may persist on some plants. Do not apply Command 3ME within 1,200 sensitive areas; see label lb./a Dual Magnum pt/a Most annual grasses and some small-seeded broadleaf weeds as well as yellow nutsedge Special local need label; Bell and non-bell peppers excluding tabasco: Apply broadcast preplant non-incorporated prior to transplanting. No activity on existing weeds. Apply to weed-free prepared area prior to weed emergence. 169 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

171 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT PEPPERS 4,5,6,7 PREEMERGENCE: lb./a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Dual Magnum pt/a Nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses and some small-seeded broadleaf weeds as well as yellow nutsedge Bell and hot pepper transplants only: Apply to row middles between plastic only. Don t allow herbicide to contact the crop or plastic. Early season application will give post- and pre-emergence control. Do not apply more than 2 oz./a in a 12-month period. Check label for recrop intervals. Special local need label for Louisiana; Labeled for bell and non-bell peppers excluding tabasco: Apply broadcast within 48 hours after transplanting. No activity on existing weeds. Apply to weed-free prepared area prior to weed emergence lb./a lb./a Select, 6-8 oz/a Select 9-16 oz/a Apply with COC at 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC Fusilade pt/a Apply with 1-2 pt/25 gal or pt/25 gal NIS Pump up sprayer: 0.75 oz/gal Fusilade oz/gal COC or 1/2 oz/gal NIS Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Bell and hot pepper transplants only: Apply to actively growing grasses. Rainfast in 1 hour. Apply a minimum of 20 days before harvest. Do not apply more than 8 oz./a per application. Allow 14 days between applications. Not labeled on bell peppers; special local need label for Louisiana: Use on Tabasco, other hot and non-bell type peppers. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed the recommended stages; consult label. Use sufficient spray volume (5-40 GPA) and pressure (40-60 psi) to ensure complete coverage. Do not harvest within 45 days after application. Do not apply more than 48 oz./a/season Fusilade DX. When grass foliage is dense, use 60 psi & minimum of 20 GPA. Best coverage is obtained when two nozzles are used, one directed to each side of the row lb./a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz/a + NIS at 1 qt/100 gals. Nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds Bell and hot pepper transplants only: Apply to row middles between plastic only. Don t allow herbicide to contact the crop or plastic. Early season application will give post- and pre-emerge control. Do not apply more than 2 oz./a in a 12-month period. Long residual. Check label for recrop intervals. 30 days to harvest. 170 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

172 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT PEPPERS 4,5,6,7 POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a pt/a Annual and perennial grasses Apply with 2 pt/a COC Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast +1.3 oz/gal COC. Bell and hot pepper transplants only: Apply TO actively growing grasses before they exceed recommended heights. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), spray volume (5-20 GPA) and height of spray boom to ensure thorough coverage. Apply at least 20 days before harvest. Do not apply more than 4 1/2 pt./a/season. Crop oil should be used with caution because of potential leaf injury when temperature exceeds 90 degrees and the relative humidity is 60% or higher, or anytime the temperature exceeds 100 degrees. Rainfast in 1 hour. DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lbs./a Dual Magnum pt/a Most annual grasses and some small-seeded broadleaf weeds as well as yellow nutsedge Special local need label; post-emergence directed spray at layby in tabasco peppers only: Do not apply over the top or as a band over tabasco peppers. Dual has no activity on emerged weeds. Apply to weed-free tilled or plowed soil lbs./a Prowl 1.0-1,5 pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on fine soil Many small-seeded grasses and broadleaves Apply to row middles as a directed spray. Avoid contact with foliage and stems. 70 days to harvest lb./a Gramoxone 2 pt/a Firestorm, 1.3 pt/a Apply with 1 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.50 oz/gal paraquat oz/gal NIS or 1.3 oz/gal COC Emerged small, annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennials Bell and hot pepper transplants only: Apply to row middles using shields or hooded sprayers. Apply when weeds are 1-6 inches high. 30 days to harvest. Use gal. water/a. Do not exceed 30 PSI if prone to drift. Do not apply more than 3 times per season. Do not feed or allow animals to graze treated areas lb./a Aim 1.9 or oz/a Apply with 1 gal/100 gal or NIS at 2 pt/100 gal Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Bell and hot pepper transplants only: Apply to row middles using shields or hooded sprayers. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall or rosettes are less than 3 inches across. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Good coverage is essential for good weed control. 171 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

173 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT PEPPERS 4,5,6,7 DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Roundup oz/a Most emerged weeds Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Bell and hot pepper transplants only: Apply to row middles only with a hooded sprayer, shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Can be used postharvest. Severe injury will occur if herbicide contacts foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. 172 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

174 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SHALLOT (Dry Bulbs) PREPLANT INCORPORATED: 5-6 lbs./a Some broadleaf and annual grasses Incorporate to a depth of 1-2 inches before planting. PREEMERGENCE: 5-6 lbs./a POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a Prefar 4 5 qt/a on light soil 6 qt/a on medium-fine soil Prefar 4 5 qt/a on light soil 6 qt/a on medium-fine soil pt/a Apply with 2 pt/a COC Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast +1.3 oz/gal COC Select, 6-8 oz/a Select 9-16 oz/a Apply with COC at 1 gal/100 gal Some broadleaf and annual grasses Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses lb./a Outlook oz/a Most annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds lbs./a DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Prowl/Pendimax 1.2 pt/a on coarse soil 2.4 pt/a on medium soil 3.6 pt/a on fine soil Prowl 1.0 pt/a on coarse soil 2.0 pt/a on medium soil 3.0 pt/a on fine soil Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Many small-seeded grasses and broadleaves Most emerged weeds Apply pre-emergence only on crops where application is followed by immediate irrigation. Apply actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights; consult label. Adjust equipment to ensure thorough coverage. Don t apply more than 4 1/2 pt./a/season. Use with caution because of potential leaf injury when temperature exceeds 90 degrees and the RH is >60% or anytime the temperature exceeds 100 degrees. Rainfast in 1 hour. 30 days to harvest. Apply to actively growing grasses. Rates vary by species, stage and region; consult label. Rainfast in 1 hour. Do not apply more than 0.5 lb. ai/a/ season. Apply a minimum of 45 days before harvest. Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz./gal Select oz./gal COC Do not apply until transplants from bulbs have reached the 2-true-leaf stage and the soil has settled around transplants for several days to recover. Do not apply more than 21 oz./a/season. Check label for tank-mixes and rotational restrictions. Apply after crop reaches 2- to 9-leaf stage. Do not apply within 45 days of harvest. Most effective when rainfall or overhead irrigation is received within 7 days. Apply to row middles only with a hooded sprayer, shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Severe injury will occur if herbicide contacts foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest. 173 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

175 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SOUTHERN PEA 3,4,7 PREPLANT/PREPLANT INCORPORATED: S-metolachlor lbs./a Dual Magnum, Dual II 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed Incorporate 2 inches deep before planting. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Combine with another herbicide to increase spectrum of broadleaf weed control. metolachlor 1-2 lbs./a lbs./a Medal, Stalwart, Parallel, Charger 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil Prowl lbs./a on coarse soil lbs./a on medium soil lbs./a on fine soil Prowl H2O 1.5 PT/A on course soil 2.0 PT/A on medium soil 3.0 PT/A on fine soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Incorporate 2 inches deep before planting. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. Combine with another herbicide to increase spectrum of broadleaf weed control. Incorporate thoroughly into the top 1-2 inches of soil up to 60 days prior to planting. Do not use preemergence. Cold, wet soil conditions after planting may increase risk of crop injury. Check label for tankmixes with other herbicides lb./a trifluralin lb./a Pursuit 2 4 oz/a Pursuit oz/a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 1pt/A on light soil 1.5 pt/a on med 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil Several broadleaf weeds; reduces competition from morningglories Many small-seeded annual grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Incorporate before planting. May cause crop injury. Use of Pursuit is at the user and/or grower risk. The use of trifluralin with Pursuit may increase the likelihood and severity of crop damage. Do not make more than one application of Pursuit for a year. Allow 30 days between application and harvest. Observe plant back interval for other crops. Incorporate thoroughly in top 2 inches of soil just before planting. Cold, wet soil conditions after planting increase the risk of crop injury. Check label for rates of other trifluralin formulations. PREEMERGENCE: lbs./a 60 DF 0.87 lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on medium soil 1.66 lbs./a on heavy soil Dual Magnum, Dual II 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed Apply after planting before weeds and crop emerge. Combine with other herbicides for improved broadleaf control; consult label. More effective on nutsedge when incorporated before planting. 174 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

176 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SOUTHERN PEA 3,4,7 PREEMERGENCE continued: lbs./a lb./a POSTEMERGENCE: quizalofop lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Medal, Stalwart, Parallel, Charger 1 pt/a on light soil 1.5 pt/a on medium soil 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil Pursuit 2 4 oz/a Pursuit oz/a Assure II 6-12 oz/a Apply with 1gal/100 gal or 1 qt/100 gal Basagran pt/a Pursuit oz/a Pursuit oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal; Do not use COC or MSO pt/a Apply with 2 pt/a COC Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast +1.3 oz/gal COC Aim oz/a AIM 40 oz/a Apply with 2 pt Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed Several broadleaf weeds; reduces competition from morningglories Annual and perennial weeds Annual broadleaf weeds and yellow nutsedge Several broadleaf weeds; reduces competition from morningglories Annual and perennial grasses Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Apply after planting before weeds and crop emerge. Combine with other herbicides for improved broadleaf control; consult label. More effective on nutsedge when incorporated before planting. Apply after planting, before crop and weeds emerge. May cause crop injury. Use of Pursuit is at the user s and/or grower s risk. The use of trifluralin prior to Pursuit may cause crop damage. Do not exceed one Pursuit application per year. Pursuit must be applied at least 30 days before harvest. Observe plant back interval for other crops. Apply to actively growing grasses; consult label for application timing. COC may increase the likely hood of crop injury at high temperatures. Do not apply on unusually hot and humid days. Apply at least 30 days before harvest. Apply over the top when peas have at least 3 pairs of leaves. Do not add crop oil concentrate to the spray solution. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest. Do not apply when peas are in bloom. Apply when peas are at least 3 inches tall, but before 5 nodes and flowering. Apply when weeds are 1-3 inches tall or have 1-4 leaves. May cause crop injury; applicator and/or grower assumes the risk. The use of trifluralin prior to Pursuit may cause crop damage. Do not exceed one Pursuit application per year. Pursuit must be applied at least 30 days before harvest. Check label for maximum number of leaves at which weeds should be sprayed post-emergence. Apply to small, actively growing grasses; consult label for application timing. Do not apply on days that are hot and humid. Do not apply within 15 days of harvest. Directed applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Good coverage equals good weed control. 175 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

177 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SOUTHERN PEA 3,4,7 DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Most emerged weeds Apply to row middles only with a hooded sprayer, shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Severe injury will occur if herbicide contacts foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. 176 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

178 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SPINACH 3 PREPLANT INCORPORATED: 3 lbs./a RoNeet 2 qt/a Annual grasses and broadleaves Incorporate 2-3 inches before planting. POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a pt/a Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: 2 oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC Select, 6-8 oz/a Select 9-16 oz/a Apply with COC at 1 gal/100 gal Annual and perennial grasses. Does not control annual bluegrass Annual and perennial grasses Apply actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights; consult label. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), volume (5-20 GPA) and boom height to ensure thorough coverage. Don t apply more than 3 pt./a per season. COC should be used with caution because of potential leaf injury when temperature exceeds 90 degrees and the relative humidity is 60% or higher or anytime the temperature exceeds 100 degrees. Rainfast in 1 hour. Apply at least 15 days before harvest. Apply to actively growing grasses. Rates vary by grass species and stage; consul label. Rain fast in 1 hour. Do not apply more than 0.50 lbs. ai/a/year. Adding COC increases chances of crop injury, especially at high temperatures. Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC lb./a Stinger pt/a Broadleaf weeds Apply to spinach in the 2- to 5-leaf stage when weeds are small and actively growing. Do not apply within 21 days of harvest. Will control most legumes lb./a DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a lb./a 3-6 pt/a Split rate: pt/a followed by pt/a Various 4 L oz/a Various 5 L oz/a Aim oz/a AIM 40 oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal Selected broadleaf weeds Most emerged weeds. Most emerged broadleaf weeds; no grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Apply to actively growing weeds in GPA of water when weeds are at the 2-leaf stage and spinach is past the 4- to 6-true-leaf stage. Split rate: apply at 2-leaf stage of spinach, repeat 4-6 days later with 3 pt./a. May cause injury if the crop is under stress. Use when temperatures are below 75 degrees, and spray just before sunset to prevent possible injury. Some injury, stunting, chlorosis or tip burn, may be seen. Crops usually resume growth in 10 days. Apply at least 40 days before harvest. Apply to row middles only with a hooded sprayer, shielded sprayer or a wiper applicator. Severe injury will occur if herbicide contacts foliage, green shoots, stems, exposed roots or fruit. 14 days to harvest. Directed applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Good coverage equals good weed control. 177 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

179 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT SWEET POTATO PREPLANT: lb./a Valor oz/a Smellmellon, prickly sida, copperleaf, pigweeds Apply before transplanting to a clean seed bed. Do not apply post-transplant as foliar burn will occur. May suppress annual sedges POST-TRANSPLANT: lb./a Command pt/a Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds lbs./a Dual 1.0 pt/a on light soil 1.33 pt/a on med-heavy soil lb./a Fusilade pt /A lb./a lb./a Apply with 1-2 pt/25 gal or pt/25 gal pt/a Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC 6-8 oz/a Select 9-16 oz/a Apply with COC at 1 gal/100 gal Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed, carpetweed Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Apply after transplanting before weeds emerge. Do not apply within 1,200 feet of sensitive areas; consult label. Sedges may become more problematic when Command is used. 125 days to harvest. Consult label for recrop intervals. Apply after transplanting before weeds emerge. Do not incorporate. Injury potential increases on sandy or loamy sand soils, especially if heavy rainfall occurs shortly after application. If irrigation is used, don t apply more than 1/2 inch of water following a Dual Magnum application. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed the labeled growth stages. Use sufficient volume (5-40 GPA) and pressure (40-60 psi) to ensure complete coverage. Apply at least 55 days before harvest. Maximum season use rate is 48 oz./a. Apply actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights; consult label. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), volume (5-20 GPA) and boom height to ensure thorough coverage. Don t apply more than 2.5 pt./a per season. COC should be used with caution because of potential leaf injury when temperature exceeds 90 degrees and the relative humidity is 60% or higher or anytime the temperature exceeds 100 degrees. Rainfast in 1 hour. Apply at least 30 days before harvest. Apply to actively growing grasses. Rates vary by grass species and stage; consult label. Rainfast in 1 hour. Apply at least 30 days before harvest. Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC 178 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

180 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT TOMATO 4,5,6,7 PREPLANT/PREPLANT INCORPORATED: Dual Magnum, Charger pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on med-fine soil Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge, pigweed Incorporate before transplanting or apply to the top of pressed bed as the last step before laying plastic. Minimize soil disturbance while transplanting. Do not plant when wet, cool and unfavorable growing conditions exist. S-metolachlor may damage weak lb./a lb./a lbs./a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz/a Sencor pt/a Sencor DF, Metribuzin lb./a DF Prowl pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on fine soil Yellow and purple nutsedge and some broadleaf weeds Many broadleaf weeds and some grasses Small-seeded annual grasses and many broadleaf weeds 4-10 lbs./a Tillam qt/a Some broadleaf weeds, annual grasses, purple and yellow nutsedge lb./a Goal pt/a Broadleaf weeds, some grasses, Carolina geranium, cutleaf evening primrose trifluralin lb./a Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 1pt/A on light soil 1.5 pt/a on med 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil 60 DF 0.87 lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on medium soil 1.66 lbs./a on heavy soil Many small-seeded annual grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass transplants. Apply before transplanting to soil surface. For applications under plastic; apply to preformed beds just prior to laying plastic mulch. Delay transplanting at least 7 days. Use the 1 oz./a rate for row middles. Do not make more than 2 applications. Do not apply more than 2 oz./a/12 months. Apply preplant incorporate; apply dosage in GPA as a broadcast spray to the soil surface immediately before transplanting. Incorporate 2-4 inches deep with equipment mixing the chemical into the soil. Check label for tank-mixes. Apply before transplanting. Do not use under plastic mulch. If rainfall does not occur to activate herbicide, mechanical incorporation will be beneficial. Incorporate immediately after application. Can be used before mechanical transplanting. Check label for tankmixes with other herbicides. Transplants may be set by hand if chemical resistant gloves are worn. Plastic culture only: Apply to soil surface on preformed beds at least 30 days prior to transplanting. Incorporation is not necessary, but it may result in less crop injury. Best results are obtained if plastic is applied soon after application. Incorporate thoroughly into top 2 inches of soil just before planting. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. 179 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

181 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT TOMATO 4,5,6,7 POSTEMERGENCE: oz/a Matrix oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Most broadleaf weeds Apply after the tomato plants have 2 true leaves. Weeds should be no more than 1 inch tall and actively growing. Do not apply within 45 days of harvest. See lb./a pt/a Apply with 2 pt/a Pump up sprayer: oz/gal Poast oz/gal COC lb./a Sandea 75 DF or Profine oz/a lb./a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal 6-8 oz/a Select 9-16 oz/a Apply with COC at 1 gal/100 gal Annual and perennial grasses Yellow and purple nutsedge and broadleaf weeds Annual and perennial grasses label for further instructions. Apply to actively growing grasses before they exceed labeled heights; consult label. Adjust pressure (40-60 psi), volume (5-20 GPA) and boom height to ensure thorough coverage. Don t apply more than 4.5 pt./a per season. COC should be used with caution because of potential leaf injury when temperature exceeds 90 degrees and the relative humidity is 60% or higher, or anytime the temperature exceeds 100 degrees. Rainfast in 1 hour. Apply at least 20 days before harvest. Apply overtop 14 days after transplanting before bloom. If direct seeded apply after the 4-leaf stage before first bloom. Use shields to minimize crop contact after bloom. Can be applied to row middles at 1 oz./a; avoid contact with crop and/or plastic. If a second application is needed for nutsedge, spot treat only weed infested areas. Do not make more than 2 applications. Do not use more than 2 oz./a/12 months. Apply at least 30 days before harvest. Apply to actively growing grasses. Rates vary by grass species and stage; consult label. Rain fast in 1 hour. Apply at least 20 days before harvest lb./a Pump up sprayer: 0.33 to 0.66 oz/gal Select oz/gal COC Sencor pt/a Sencor DF, Metribuzin lb./a DF Many broadleaf weeds and annual grasses Do not use on seeded crops before the 5- to 6-leaf stage. Do not use on transplants until they have recovered and new growth is evident. Apply in 20 or more gal. of water. Allow 14 days between applications to avoid severe injury. Do not apply within 24 hours or mix with other pesticides. Do not use more than 1.33 lbs./a/season or apply 1.33 lbs./a within a 35-day period unless a portion of that is directed. Do not use hot caps within 7 days of application or anytime afterwards. Do not apply within 3 days of cool, wet or cloudy weather. Apply at least 7 days before harvest. 180 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

182 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT TOMATO 4,5,6,7 DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE: lb./a Aim oz/a Aim 40 oz/a lb./a 0.49 lb./a lb./a lb./a trifluralin lb./a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 Dual Magnum, Charger pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on med-fine soil Gramoxone 2 pt/a Firestorm, 1.3 pt/a Apply with 1 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Pump up sprayer: 0.50 oz/gal paraquat oz/gal NIS or 1.3 oz/gal COC Sencor 4L@ 1-2 pt/a 4L Sencor DF, Metribuzin lbs./a Aim oz/a Aim 40 oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 Treflan HFP, Trifluralin, Trilin and other 4 EC 1pt/A on light soil 1.5 pt/a on med 2.0 pt/a on heavy soil 60 DF 0.87 lb./a on light soil 1.33 lbs./a on medium soil 1.66 lbs./a on heavy soil Most emerged broadleaf weeds; no grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Many small-seeded grasses, yellow nutsedge and pigweed; will not control emerged weeds Emerged small, annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennials Many broadleaf weeds and annual grasses Most emerged broadleaf weeds No grass control; can be mixed with grass herbicides Many small-seeded annual grasses, broadleaf weeds and seedling johnsongrass Direct applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Coverage is critical. Apply as a directed spray after the first rain or irrigation settles soil around transplants. Minimize contact with transplants. Apply in 20 GPA of water. Apply at least 90 days before harvest. May damage weak transplants. May be applied to row middles. Do not exceed the maximum allowed rate on label. Apply to row middles using shields or hooded sprayers. Apply when weeds are 1-6 inches high. 30 days to harvest. Use GPA. Do not exceed 30 psi nozzle pressure or spray under conditions that may cause excessive drift. Don t apply more than 3 times per season. Do not feed or graze treated areas. Direct spray on established tomatoes; avoid contact with foliage. This treatment is recommended for fields with a history of heavy weed pressure or difficult-tocontrol weeds. See POST-EMERGENCE section for precautions. Direct applications using hooded sprayers. Injury will occur if crop is sprayed. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Good coverage is important to maximize weed control. Apply as a directed spray between rows and beneath plant and incorporate. Check label for tank-mixes with other herbicides. 181 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

183 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT TOMATO 4,5,6, lb./a Prowl pt/a on coarse soil pt/a on medium soil pt/a on fine soil Small-seeded annual grasses and many broadleaf weeds DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE continued: lb./a Envoke 75 oz/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal Nutsedge and broadleaf weeds Apply as a directed spray on tomatoes grown on plastic. Crop should be transplanted for 14 days before application. Make application before fruit set and 45 days before harvest. See label for information on tankmixes with other herbicides. Direct spray to row middles, avoiding contact with foliage or stems. If rainfall does not occur to activate herbicide, mechanical incorporation will be beneficial. Do not apply within 70 days of harvest. 182 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

184 VEGETABLE WEED MANAGEMENT 0.49 lb./a Gramoxone 2 pt/a Firestorm, 1.3 pt/a Apply with 1 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 gal Emerged small, annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennials Pump up sprayer: 0.50 oz/gal paraquat oz/gal NIS or 1.3 oz/gal COC lb./a 1-2 pt/a Broadleaf weeds, some grasses, geranium, cutleaf evening-primrose lb./a Gramoxone pt/A Firestorm, pt/a Apply with 1 qt/100 gal GENERAL WEED CONTROL Emerged small, annual broadleaf weeds and grasses; top kill and suppression of perennials Apply before planting in a minimum of 20 GPA to ensure good coverage. Minimize soil disturbance when planting. Labeled crops are beans, carrots, cole crops, cucumbers, eggplant, greens, lettuce, melons, onions, peppers, Irish potatoes, pumpkins, squash, sweet corn and tomatoes. Fallow bed treatment for carrots, Irish potatoes, onions, cabbage, cauliflower, pepper, tomato, cantaloupe, squash, watermelon, other cucurbits, broccoli and garlic. Apply to clean, smooth beds in the fall. Must be activated by 0.25 inch of rainfall. Consult label for planting intervals. Beds must be worked at least 2 inches deep before planting. Apply after harvest to desiccate vegetable crop residue. Can be used on all vegetable crops. Thorough coverage is required. Do not feed treated crop to animals or humans. Do not allow livestock to graze treated areas lb./a Aim oz/a Aim 40 oz/a Apply with 2 pt/100 gal or 1 gal/100 Most emerged broadleaf weeds; no grass control; can be mixed with other herbicides Apply before planting. Can be used on all vegetable crops. Most effective when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. Good coverage equals good weed control. Can be mixed with other burndown materials. 1Apply specific dosage of herbicide in GPA. 2Better results have been obtained with incorporated herbicides when chemicals are applied broadcast and incorporated at the correct depth. The row should then be pulled up and planted. 3Beans, beets, carrots, cole crops, garlic, greens, lettuce, okra, onions, Irish potatoes, spinach, sweet corn and sweet potatoes. Various brands of glyphosate: Rattler, Touchdown, Glyphomax, Glyphosate, Roundup Ultramax, Roundup Ultra. Check product label for rates. May be used before planting or before crop emergence. Applications should be made on spray to wet basis, but not to point of runoff. Prior to transplanting crops into plastic mulch, remove product residue from plastic. 183 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

185 PASTURE AND FORAGES WEED MANAGEMENT PASTURE and FORAGES PERMANENT PASTURES WITH WHITE OR LADINO CLOVER: 2,4-D lb./a 2,4-D pt/a 2,4-D lb./a lb./a Apply in GPA by ground or 2-5 GPA by air 2,4-D qt/a Apply in GPA by ground or 2-5 GPA by air 16 oz 32 oz/a Apply with 1.0 qt/100 gal Dock, plantain, thistles, buttercup, other winter or spring-growing broadleaf weeds. Summer weeds: Dogfennel <6, common mullein, bitterweed, fleabane, ragweed, marsh elder, goatweed, pigweed and many other summer broadleaf weeds Little barley, ryegrass and annual broadleaf weeds such as buttercup, wild geranium, etc. Apply when weeds are small in Oct. and Nov. and/or Feb. and March. Fall spraying of dock is effective. Do not apply 2,4-D if temperature is below 65 degrees. Some injury can be expected to established white or ladino clover. Do not apply 2,4-D in fall on seedling clover. For buttercup control and white clover release, apply no more than 1 pt/a December- early March. Use the higher rate for fall spraying of more mature weeds. Apply when weeds are small, usually from April to June; but can be applied all summer and into early fall. Rates in excess of 1.0 lb Amine or 0.5 lb LVE 2,4-D will kill or severely injure clover. Lower rates of 2,4-D will control these weeds in seedling stage but higher rates required for more mature weeds. Apply during the winter before bermudagrass breaks dormancy. Do not cut hay or graze within 40 days after treatment. If little barley is present, apply just before head emerges from boot. PERMANENT PASTURE WITHOUT LEGUME: Herbicide treatments suggested for use on permanent pastures with clovers can also be used on permanent pastures without clovers. 2,4-D 1.0 lb./a 2,4-D 1.0 qt/a Wild garlic and wild onions metsulfuron 0.14 oz/a Use 20 GPA and apply with 1 pt/100 gal water Cimarron 60 DF, Farmsaver, Metsulfuron oz. Pensacola bahiagrass; several broadleaf weeds. Chinese privet and briars on fence 2 oz/100 gallons of water Johnsongrass; many sedges Apply with 1 qt/100 gal 0.06 to 0.09 lb./a Outrider at 1.3 to 2.0 oz/a Apply with 0.25 % v/v lb./a oz/a Horsenettle, tropical soda apple, Virginia buttonweed, green briar 0.06 to 0.11 lb./a + 2,4-D at 0.5 to 0.9 lb./a Grazon Next 1.2 to 2.1 pt/a Horsenettle, thistles, tropical soda apple, Virginia buttonweed; some other broadleaf weeds Spray in late fall (Oct. & Nov.) and during Feb. or early March. All legumes will be killed. Two applications for 2 to 3 years will be necessary for control. DO NOT GRAZE DAIRY COWS ON TREATED AREAS WITHIN 7 DAYS OF APPLICATION. Apply when weeds are actively growing. For use on common and hybrid bermudagrass. Do not use on bahiagrass pastures; no grazing restriction. Do not exceed 2.66 oz./a per season. Safe for bermudagrass and bahiagrass pastures. Apply when weeds are actively growing. Very effective on buttonweed and horsenettle. Severe legume injury potential. Grazon Next HL will severely injure legumes. Follow label restrictions concerning replanting legumes into treated area. Supplemental label allows treated grasses to be sold for hay in Louisiana. 184 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

186 PASTURE AND FORAGES WEED MANAGEMENT PASTURE and FORAGES PERMANENT PASTURE WITHOUT LEGUME continued: lb./a Banvel, pt/a Apply in GA; see label for surfactant Most broadleaf weeds and small brush Apply when weeds are actively growing. Do not use seed from treated grass for food or feed purposes. Do not graze meat animals within 30 days of slaughter. Do not graze dairy animals within 7 days at 0.5 lb./a or within lb./a. Dairy animals should not be fed dry hay from treated area within 5 days. metsulfuron oz/a lb./a lbs./a 0.25 lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a Cimarron oz/a Part A pt/a Part B Apply with 1 qt/100 gal or 1 gal/100gal 1.0 qt/a Grazon P+D, Hired Hand P+D, Trooper, or Picloram pt/a Most broadleaf weeds and bahiagrass; higher rates on more difficult-to-control weeds. Excellent activity on briars and horsenettle. Most broadleaf weeds; also effective on briars and suppression of multiflora rose Most annual and perennial broadleaf weeds. Not effective on berry briars. Apply when weeds are actively growing. For use on bermudagrass. Do not use on bahiagrass, ryegrass or temporary grass pastures. Consult label for tolerance to other grass crop species. Apply in spring and summer. Do not use where dairy cattle will graze. Remove livestock from treated area at least three days before slaughter. Apply when weeds are small and actively growing. Good control of hard to kill weeds, especially dogfennel and horsenettle. Good control of Chinese tallow. Do not apply around desirable trees and shrubs lb./a lb./a lb./a lb./a oz/a Apply in GPA with 1 qt/100 gal PastureGard pt/a Pigweed, buttercup, horsenettle, dock, other broadleaf weeds Most annual and perennial broadleaf weeds. Apply in GPA with 1-2 qt/100 gal lb./a Plateau, 4-6 oz/a Johnsongrass, annual ryegrass, little barley; suppresses the growth of dallisgrass and vaseygrass Apply when plants are actively growing. Useful in many pasture situations. Recommended for use in 2,4-D restricted parishes and areas. Can be used in 2,4-D restricted areas. Do not use on forages grazed or fed to lactating dairy animals. Do not harvest hay for 14 days after application. Not a restricted use herbicide. Apply when bermudagrass is dormant or after full greenup. DO NOT apply during greenup in the spring. Severe stunting and growth reduction likely with this herbicide during the growing season. Add 1-2 pt./a 2,4- D for additional broadleaf control if needed. No grazing restriction, 7 day haying restriction lbs./a Spike lbs./a Most woody plants Apply anytime grass is dormant. Can cause temporary damage to grasses. Spot treat where possible. Do not use in vicinity of desirable trees. 185 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

187 PASTURE AND FORAGES WEED MANAGEMENT PASTURE and FORAGES PERMANENT PASTURE WITHOUT LEGUME: continued lbs./a lb./a lb./a Remedy Ultra and various generic triclopyr qt/a pt/a Apply in GPA with 1-2 qt/100 gal - by ground Most woody brush. Not as effective on succulent plants. Can be mixed with 2,4-D to increase spectrum Good control of many hard-tocontrol woody species. Good on tallow, horsenettle, and dogfennel picloram see comments Tordon 22K see comments Waxmyrtle, Eastern red cedar, Chinese tallowtree Apply to brush at full leaf. Good control of Chinese tallow and berry briars. Good fencerow treatment. A 14-day grazing restriction for lactating dairy cows. No grazing restrictions for other livestock at recommended rates. Can be used in 2,4-D-restricted areas. Apply when weeds are actively growing. Can be used in 2,4-D-restricted areas. Do not use on forages grazed or fed to lactating dairy animals. Do not harvest hay for 7 days after application. Livestock must be removed for 3 days priors to slaughter. Apply in spring or fall. Apply as a spot treatment. For cedar, use 3 ml. (cc) of undiluted Tordon 22K per 3 ft. of plant height lb./-1.0 lb./a pt/a Smutgrass Apply when smutgrass is actively growing. For use on bermudagrass and bahiagrass pastures. Rainfall needed for activation. No grazing restriction lb./a + 2,4-D lb./a 1-2 pt/a OR Banvel, pt/a + 2,4-D pt/a Several young broadleaf weeds. Wooly croton, marsh elder Apply when weeds are actively growing. Consult label for weed species controlled by the different rates and for grazing and hay making restrictions of treated forage metsulfuron oz/a lb./a oz/a Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. Facet oz/a OR oz/a Add crop oil, methylated seed oil, or nonionic surfactant as per label instructions. Many annual and perennial grasses and broadleaf weeds Barnyardgrass, hairy (large) crabgrass, broadleaf signalgrass FOR BERMUDAGRASS ONLY! May be applied in season or as a late winter dormant application. In season application may result in temporary stunting of the bermudagrass. Dormant season application has provided good control of seedling ryegrass and other winter weeds. Add glyphosate for improved control. FOR BERMUDAGRASS ONLY! Provides both preand post-emergence control depending on size of grass and rate applied. Follow label for application rates. Do not cut for hay within 7 days of application; no grazing restriction following application. Does not control goosegrass lb./a oz/a Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant Sedges Do not apply more than 1.3 oz total per 12 month period. No grazing restriction. Apply at least 37 days before hay harvest. 186 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

188 PASTURE AND FORAGES WEED MANAGEMENT FORAGE SORGHUM OR SORGHUM SUDAN HYBRIDS lbs./a AAtrex pt/a AAtrex lbs./a Some grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply after planting, before crop and weeds emerge. Do not use on light soils. AAtrex lbs./a 1.0 lb./a 2,4-D 1.0 qt/a Annual broadleaf weeds Apply after grass is well-established and broadleaf weeds are small. Do not graze lactating dairy animals within 7 days after treatment lb./a + 2,4-D pt/a Same as above Same as above lb./a BERMUDAGRASS ESTABLISHMENT (sprigging only): lbs./a Diuron to 3.0 lb Diuron 4L@ 1.6 to 4.8 pt/a Many grasses and weeds; including crabgrass, pigweeds, morningglory species At sprigging only on sprigs placed at least 2 inches deep. May temporarily burn emerged bermudagrass and can severely injure variety Alicia. ALFALFA lbs./a 3.0 lbs./a Balan 3.0 qt/a on light soil 4.0 qt/a on heavy soil Eptam or 2.0 qt on all soils 2,4-DB 1.0 lb./a Butoxone or 2.0 qt in gal water lb./a lb./a pt/a + 2 pt/a COC in 5-20 gal water oz/a + 1 qt/a or 1% v/v COC Most annual grasses and many of the small- seeded broadleaf weeds Most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds and fair control of nutsedge Annual and perennial broadleaf weeds including winter weeds such as dock, henbit, chickweed.; also annual summer broadleaf weeds in the seedling stage Annual and perennial grasses Annual and perennial grasses Apply 2-3 weeks before planting up to planting. Incorporate thoroughly into upper 2-3 inches of soil immediately after application. Apply just before planting. Incorporate thoroughly into upper 2 inches of soil immediately after application. Apply after alfalfa seedlings have 2 or more true leaves and weeds are in seedling stage. Do not graze or feed treated fields to livestock within 30 days after application. This material is similar to 2,4-D; therefore, apply so as to avoid drift. Apply before grasses exceed height limitations. Control generally better if application is made prior to cutting. Height limitations vary with the grass to be controlled. Follow label. Apply before grasses exceed height limitations. Addition of a spray grade nitrogen fertilizer or ammonium sulfate may further improve weed control. Refer to label. 187 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

189 NONCROPLAND WEED MANAGEMENT NONCROPLAND Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions BAREGROUND HERBICIDES: CBPM (Pramitol 1-2 lbs./l00 sq ft or Pramitol gal/a Grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply anytime to vegetation or soil. IF CBPM is used, broadcast pellets uniformly. If Pramitol 25E is used, apply in gal. of water. For faster top-kill of existing vegetation, use diesel oil in place of water for a carrier. Hyvar X 80% lbs./a Grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply in spring and summer in gal. of water. Do not use on irrigation ditches or near desirable trees. Apply with surfactant if weeds are present. Karmex 80% lbs./a Woody plants Apply before weed growth begins in gal. of water. Use lower rates on lighter soils. Sahara lbs./a Most annual and perennial weeds Apply at pre-emergence or early post-emergence in GPA of water. Always use a non-ionic surfactant or crop oil concentrate for postemergence applications. Sodium lbs./a or lbs./l00 sq ft (Atlacide) Johnsongrass, bermudagrass; most annual and seedling plants Apply to plants actively growing and before seed formation. Easily combustible after drying on clothes and plants. Less flammable when mixed with calcium chloride or borates oz/a Grasses, broadleaf weeds, many woody plants Apply pre-emergence or post-emergence to weeds. Consult label for proper rate selection. Numerous other herbicide combinations containing borates, chlorates and/or residual compounds are available. Failure to list these in this publication does not indicate that they are ineffective as soil sterilants. ABATEMENT - NOT BAREGROUND: Arsenal and other imazapyr pt/a Annual and perennial grasses and broadleaf weeds; some brush control Apply at post-emergence to weeds. Good residual activity. For noncropland use only. Garlon pt/a Many broadleaf weeds; some brush species Apply in spring and summer in of water. Good brush control. Weak on some broadleaf weeds. Recommended for use in 2,4-D-restricted parishes and areas oz/a Karmex 5-10 lbs./a Karmex lbs./a lbs./a Hyvar X 1.5 lbs./a lbs./a Johnsongrass, vaseygrass, certain broadleaf weeds Johnsongrass, other grasses, most annual and perennial broadleaf weeds Johnsongrass, dallisgrass and most annual grasses and broadleaf weeds Apply in spring and summer in gal. of water with 0.5% V/V surfactant. Use at higher rate in spring for bermudagrass release on noncrop areas where bahiagrass is not desirable. Lower rate may or may not control bahiagrass. Use in combination with mowing for best results. Apply in late winter or early spring in gal. of water. Can be applied to fence rows including pasture fences for season-long weed control. Apply in the spring after grasses and broadleaf weeds are growing in 50 gal./a. Hyvar more effective on heavy or clay soil. Apply as a spray to remove grasses and weeds when a bermudagrass sod is desired. Dry ditches, turn rows and fences except around pastures. Do not apply products containing arsenic along pasture fences. Add 0.50% non-ionic surfactant. 188 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

190 NONCROPLAND WEED MANAGEMENT NONCROPLAND Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions ABATEMENT - NOT BAREGROUND continued: Esplanade fl. oz/a Annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds Apply prior to weed germination. Excellent long-term annual grass and small-seeded broadleaf control. Apply with post-emergence herbicide such as glyphosate. 1.3 oz/a Johnsongrass and sedges Apply at early post-emergence. For bermudagrass and bahiagrass, release on road sides and other non-crop areas. Apply with 0.5% surfactant oz/a Many broadleaf weeds. Apply in spring and summer in GPA oz/a Johnsongrass, vaseygrass; certain broadleaf Apply at early post-emergence for bermudagrass release on roadsides and weeds other noncrop areas. Apply with 0.5% surfactant. Roundup Ultra/Pro OR other glyphosate Annual and perennial broadleaf weeds and Apply to actively growing weeds. Use pt./a for bermudagrass release. formulations 1 (4 1-5 qt/a grasses High rates give nonselective control. Roundup Pro and Oust XP are currently registered to be tank-mixed at 1.0 pt plus 1.0 oz. Oust XP/A for bermudagrass release in non-crop areas oz./a Many broadleaf weeds Very effective on broadleaf weeds such as thistle and horsenettle. Spike 5-20 lbs./a Annual and perennial broadleaf grasses and woody plants Apply in winter and early spring in gal. of water. Use high rates for perennial grasses and woody plants. Don t use on fence rows. 1-3 lbs./100 sq ft. Annual and perennial broadleaf weeds Apply when weeds are actively growing. Noncrop areas only. Can be applied dry or dissolved in water to spray oz/a Most broadleaf weeds and bahiagrass Apply at full-leaf, avoid drift to desirable plants. Can be used in certain unimproved turf and roadside applications. Consult label for proper rate and weed selection. Apply when weeds are actively growing. Add 0.25 % v/v non-ionic surfactant. VEGETATION CONTROL UNDER ASPHALT PAVEMENT: CAUTION Vegetation such as trees and shrubs may be damaged or even killed if their roots grow into the herbicide-treated soil. CBM (Sodium chlorate + sodium 240 gal/a All weeds controlled Apply just ahead of prime coat at 200 GPA. Weeds from adjacent areas may grow under edge of pavement. Hyvar 12 gal/a or Hyvar 30 lbs./a All grasses, sedges, broadleaf weeds Apply after shaping and prior to compacting. After spraying incorporate into the top 6 inches of material with rotary equipment. Same as above Same as above. Do not apply Pramitol under asphalt coating less than 3 inches. Pramitol 25 gal/a or Pramitol lbs./a gal/a Grasses and some broadleaf weeds Same as above. Use sufficient water to ensure thorough wetting of the soil. Spike lbs./a Broadleaf weeds and grasses Same as above. Rate depends on weeds to be controlled. See label. 189 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

191 NONCROPLAND WEED MANAGEMENT NONCROPLAND Formulated Product and Rate Weeds Controlled Remarks and Precautions WEEDS IN EXISTING ASPHALT PAVEMENTS: Roundup Ultra, Roundup Pro, others 4 lbs. active 5 qt/a Broadleaf weeds and grasses Apply in gal. of water. Use 2 oz./ gal. of water per l,000 sq ft. to control annual grasses. Bermudagrass, nutsedge, other perennial weeds, use 3 oz. per gallon water per l,000 sq. ft.) Other treatments listed for soil sterilization also can be used to treat the soil under pavement. Hyvar is more effective in controlling nutsedge than many of the other herbicides listed. All of the soil sterilization treatments, except TCA, may injure vegetation some distance from the edge of the pavement. Hyvar, Karmex, AAtrex, Pramitol may injure trees adjacent to the treated area. FOLIAGE TREATMENTS NONSELECTIVE GRASSES AND BROADLEAF WEEDS Arsenal and other imazapyr Annual and perennial grasses and weeds; Apply at GPA. Good residual activity pt/a some brush species qt/a Annual and perennial grasses and broadleaf Apply at 20 GPA. No residual activity. Fast acting. weeds Herbicidal Naphtha Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds; top kill of perennial weeds Apply at GPA. Regrowth will occur from roots; other annual weeds will probably appear. Repeat as needed. Roundup Ultra/Pro, (4 lbs./gal) 2-5 qt/a Annual and perennial weeds Apply in GPA. Apply 1% solution to annual weeds and johnsongrass (1.25 oz. Roundup/gal). Apply 2% solution to bermudagrass and nutsedge (2.5-3 oz. Roundup/gal). 1 See Appendix A for more information on several glyphosate products and formulations. 190 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

192 WOODY PLANTS WEED MANAGEMENT WOODY PLANTS AND FORESTRY TREE INJECTOR: 2,4-D amine 2 lbs./gal Various products (( ml (cc) in spring and early summer at 1-2 inch intervals Chopper 8-12 fl oz/gal water or diesel. Apply 1 ml per injection or cut at 1" interval Most oaks, hickory, pecan, hawthorn, elm, waterlocust. Hardto-kill trees require continuous cuts. Most hardwoods. Pines are resistant. Apply in all seasons, but best results are in spring and early summer. Rates apply to trees 4-9 inches in diameter measured at breast height (DBH). The injector bit must penetrate inner bark. Make each injection at ground line (473 ml = 1 pt). Hatchet and squirt bottles may also be used. Apply year-round. Legumes (locusts) are not controlled 4 lbs./gal 1 ml per 2-3" DBH Oaks, sweetgum, poplar, sycamore Apply from full-leaf expansion until leaf drop in fall. The injector bit must penetrate inner bark. 2,4-D amine plus picloram Tordon 101R or 1.0 ml of undiluted material inject at 2-3" intervals. Most species APPLIED TO SOIL: 1-4 lbs./a Spike 5-20 lbs./a Spike lbs./a Most woody brush and trees Best results in spring and summer. Maple, blackgum, hollies, hickory and dogwood are more difficult to control. To control these species, apply in continuous cut. Apply anytime the ground is not frozen. Distribute pellets uniformly. Caution: Off target movement potential. For site preparation prior to replanting pines, follow label for tolerances to different pine species. 0.5 to 1.0 lb./a Chopper or Chopper Gen 2 at 1.0 to 2.0 qt/a Weeds, vines, woody brush imazapyr 0.5% + diuron 2.0 G Topsite 200 lbs./a Most species Apply year-round. Some legumes are resistant lbs./a Velpar 4-8 lbs./a Willow, oak, gum; other trees and gal brushes WK or Pronone 5-30 lbs/a lbs./a Velpar L 4-8 ml per 2" stem diameter. BASAL BARK TREATMENT: 1 lb./gal oz/gal plus lbs./gal Penetrator or Cide 13 fl oz/gal; makes 1 gal finished spray Willow, oak, maple, tallow, other trees and brush Same as above. Very effective on briar and multiflora rose. Apply between later winter and early summer. Apply Velpar in gal. of water, plus surfactant with handgun as individual stem treatments or as narrow bands 4-6 feet apart. Follow instructions on label. Apply Pronone 10G by hand or with spreader. Apply between late winter and early summer. Apply by "spot gun" to the soil at base of the stem. Same as above. Apply as basal spray or with spot gun as thin line solid stream at 3-5 ml./second. 4 lbs./gal Garlon 25 oz/gal + 90 oz/gal + Cide Kick or 12 oz/gal; makes 1 gal finished pray Most hardwoods up to 4 inches DBH; better on thin-bark species Apply year-round by hand with backpack sprayer as a narrow band or mist to lower 12 inches of stem. Also may be applied with a spot gun set to deliver 3-5 ml./sec as a solid stream. Vegetable-based basal oil may be used instead of diesel. 191 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

193 WOODY PLANTS WEED MANAGEMENT WOODY PLANTS AND FORESTRY BASAL BARK TREATMENT continued: 2,4DP + 2,4D Weedone 5 gal/a Most Southern hardwoods up to 4 inches DBH FOLIAGE SPRAY: lbs/a Arsenal 2 EC, Arsenal pt/a Most woody plants, grasses, broadleaf weeds Apply spring through fall. Apply with hand pump sprayer to lower inches of stem. Apply at full-leaf in spring or summer. Good residual. 0.5 to 1.0 lb./a lb./a lbs./a lbs./a + butoxyethyl lbs./a 1.0 to 2.0 qt/a plus surfactant Brush gal per 50 gal of spray by ground or 3.0 gal/a by air gal/100 gal water Effective on Chinese tallowtree and black willow; fair on sweetgum. See Brush Buster label Most woody plants; especially good on briars, willow, tallow Only moderate injury on red oaks and hickory when applied at lower rate. Do not use non-selectively if injury to oaks, hickory and other hardwoods can t be tolerated. Apply after leaves are fully developed and until 3 weeks before frost. Dicamba and amine 2,4-D may be tankmixed in the proportions listed under active ingredients. See label for precautions. Apply at full-leaf in spring or summer. Spray to give thorough coverage. Avoid drift to desirable vegetation. metsulfuron lbs./a Escort XP and 1-4 oz/a Oaks, ash, elm, other woody species; kudzu, black locust, sericea lespedeza, privet Apply when brush is actively growing. Can be used over top of loblolly and slash pine for conifer release and preplant for site preparation lbs./a Garlon qt/a Most woody plants and poison ivy Apply at full-leaf in spring or summer. Spray to give thorough coverage. Avoid drift to desirable vegetation. Can be used in 2,4-D-restricted areas. 2-5 lbs./a 2-5 qt/a or % solution 6-12 lbs./a 1 1/2-3 gal in gal of water plus surfactant Many trees, brush, herbaceous weeds Willow, kudzu and certain hardwoods Apply at later summer and fall while plants are actively growing. May be aerially applied in 5-15 GPA of water. Use GPA water for ground rig. For percent solution, spray to wet. Apply in the 2-month period prior to fall leaf coloration. Ground application only on ditch banks. Read label for specific instructions. sulfometuron lb./a Oust 2-4 oz/a Many grass and broadleaf species When weeds are actively growing. Can be used over top of loblolly, longleaf and slash pine for conifer release and preplant for site preparation lb./a pt/a Good on legume species Apply at full-leaf in spring or summer. Can be used in lb./a pt/a Most herbaceous weeds and certain woody plants 2,4-D restricted areas. Apply at full-leaf in spring or summer. Can be used in 2,4-D restricted areas. 192 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

194 WOODY PLANTS WEED MANAGEMENT WOODY PLANTS AND FORESTRY FOLIAGE SPRAY continued: lb./a oz/a Most woody plants; especially good on Chinese tallow, vines, briars used in 2,4-D restricted areas lb./a oz/a Most woody plants; also controls herbaceous weeds and grasses Apply at full-leaf, avoid drift to desirable plants. Not for use overtop of pines for hardwood control. Can be Apply at full-leaf, avoid drift to desirable plants. Not for use overtop of pines for hardwood control. Can be used in 2,4-D-restricted areas. CONTROL OF POISON IVY AND OTHER VINES ON TREE TRUNK 3 oz/3 gal water plus REFER TO LABEL FOR COMPLETE INSTRUCTIONS. Cut vine and spray foliage around the base of tree. Do not drench soil. Apply 3 tablespoons surfactant when ivy or other vines are in full-leaf. Prevent drift. More than one application may be required. Gramoxone 7 TBS/gal REFER TO LABEL FOR COMPLETE INSTRUCTIONS. A nonselective, contact herbicide. Spray foliage of vine around base of tree water plus 1 TBS surfactant after cutting vine. Do not allow drift to contact foliage of desirable plants. Thorough coverage of undesirable plants is necessary, but avoid drenching soil. If sprayed on the tree trunk, be sure that bark is well-developed and shows no green. Avoid excessive wetting. Roundup 4-5 qt/a broadcast or a 2.0% solution spray to wet. Vine-X - Ready to use Even under favorable conditions injury may occur. Apply to actively growing plants before leaves develop fall leaf color. Repeat if required. Do not allow spray to contact desirable foliage. Product comes ready to use with built-in brush type applicator tip. Follow label instructions. Excellent on poison ivy and bush killer vine. If used correctly will not injure adjacent plants. 193 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

195 AQUATIC WEED MANAGEMENT AQUATIC WEEDS (Lakes and Ponds) Formulated Product and Rate Types of Aquatic Weed or Site Remarks and Precautions FLOATING WEED (unattached, leaves/stems above water): 2 to 5.6 fl oz/a % nonionic surfactant foliar or 25 to 75 ppb total water Water hyacinth, duckweed, common salvinia, giant salvinia* Can be used to control floating weeds in 2,4-D-restricted areas. Also can be used as an inwater application at 25 to 75 ppb. Note: With difficult-tocontrol weeds like giant salvinia, a minimum 60-day contact time is required. Do not use this treatment if rapid dilution is expected. 16 to 64 oz/a + surfactant Water hyacinth and common salvinia Can be used to control water hyacinth in 2,4-D-restricted areas. 2,4-D 64 oz/a in 100 gal water Floating mats of alligatorweed, water hyacinth Apply on foliage when weeds are actively growing. Spray to uniformly wet foliage. Add.25% approved non-ionic surfactant. Repeat in 4-6 weeks. Avoid use in waters used for irrigation. Diquat/Reward/Tribune up to 1.0 gal/a qt of surfactant/100 gallons of water during growing season and winter Duckweeds, water hyacinth, and water lettuce Apply on foliage when weeds are actively growing. Apply as a surface spray. Follow label for water restrictions after application. Habitat, Polaris, or Imazapyr pts/a % nonionic surfactant Duckweeds, water hyacinth Apply when weeds are actively growing. Follow potable and irrigation water restrictions. Must be applied by certified commercial applicator only. Rodeo, Refuge, Roundup Custom, AquaPro, Giant salvinia, common salvinia, water Add 0.5% approved surfactant. or pt/a + surfactant hyacinth, and grasses Diquat/Reward/Tribune 1.0 gal/a Common or giant salvinia Apply 1.0 gal./a as a low or high volume spray plus 0.5% approved surfactant. Clipper WDG/Clipper oz/a v/v approved surfactant Common or giant salvinia, water lettuce, watermeal For use on water bodies with limited or no outflow. Contact herbicide, coverage important. Very fast acting. May be tank-mixed with glyphosate, 2,4-D, or imazapyr to increase weed control spectrum. If tank-mixed, use oz/a % nonionic surfactant Alligatorweed, duckweed, parrotfeather and others to 4 oz/a. Can be used to control floating weeds in 2,4-D-restricted areas. Apply to actively growing weeds oz/a % nonionic Surfactant Common or giant salvinia, water lettuce Fast acting. Contact herbicide, coverage important. May be tank-mixed with glyphosate, imazapyr, Galleon, or Clearcast to increase weed control spectrum. If tank mixed, use 2 to 4 oz/a. NOTE: A ft. (acre foot) = volume of water in an area having 1 acre of surface and a depth of 1 foot. EMERSED AND MARGINAL WEEDS (rooted under water, tops above water or growing on wet soil): 2 to 5.6 fl oz/a % nonionic surfactant. Alligatorweed, parrotfeather, other weeds Can be used in 2,4-D-restricted areas. 16 to 64 oz/a + surfactant Alligatorweed, parrotfeather, sedges, primrose Can be used in 2,4-D-restricted areas. 194 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

196 AQUATIC WEED MANAGEMENT AQUATIC WEEDS (Lakes and Ponds) Formulated Product and Rate Types of Aquatic Weed or Site Remarks and Precautions EMERSED AND MARGINAL WEEDS (rooted under water, tops above water or growing on wet soil) continued: 2,4-D low volatile ester 4.0 lbs./a in 100 gal water Broadleaf species (arrowhead, lotus, smartweed, spatterdock, spikerush, waterprimrose, white waterlily, yellow waterlily), Cuban bulrush Apply on foliage when weeds are actively growing. Spray to uniformly wet foliage. Add 10% fuel oil by volume or 1.0 qt. surfactant to spray mix. More than 1 application may be required for control of some species. Avoid use in waters for crop irrigation. Habitat, Polaris, or Imazapyr 1-6 pts/a plus 0.25% nonionic surfactant Rodeo, Roundup Custom, Refuge, or pt/a broadcast or % in spray to wet equipment plus 0.5% approved surfactant. Sonar (Genesis/AS) subsurface ppb Renovate 3, Trycera, Triclopyr 3, Garlon 3A, or 2-8 qt/a in gal water Many grasses, rushes, sedges, cattail, and broadleaf weeds. Especially useful for controlling trees and brush in water. Broadleaf weeds, grasses and weedy species (cattail, maidencane, smartweed, spatterdock, willowand others) Crested floating heart Broadleaf weeds, brush and trees Apply when weeds and woody plants are actively growing. Follow potable and irrigation water restrictions. Must be applied by certified commercial applicator only. May be tank-mixed with glyphosate and/or Clipper. Apply to actively growing weeds. See label for proper stage of growth. No restrictions on the use of the water. Do not apply within 0.5 mile upstream of potable water intakes or in tidewater areas. May be tank-mixed with imazapyr Clipper or Stingray. Slow acting, systemic activity will require at least 14 days for noticeable injury. Product half-life is 30 to 90 days; therefore, do not use treated water for irrigation of turf, forage or food crops for 30 days or until herbicide concentration is <5 ppb or FasTEST has been performed. Apply to water hyacinth, alligatorweed, water primrose and many tree species. Can be applied to impounded water only, not to flowing streams. Apply by air or ground. Add an approved aquatic surfactant at 0.5%. SUBMERSED WEEDS (tops mostly under water, usually rooted or anchored): Copper lbs./a ft of Algae (scums and mosses) water Endothall Aquathol gal/a Aquathol 125 lb 250 lbs./a (water 4-6 ft) Coontail, fanwort, hydrilla, milfoil, pondweeds, naiad Apply at bloom. Apply crystals or powder at any stage of algae growth by any method to give rapid and uniform distribution. Repeat as necessary to maintain control. Treat only a portion of the pond at once. Apply 3.0 lb./a ft. in ponds with soft water. Apply at active growth stage. Can be injected into the upper end of the pond or sprayed over surface of pond. If entire waterbody is treated at one time or dissolved oxygen level is low, decaying weeds can remove enough oxygen and may result in fish suffocation. Therefore, limit treatment to half the waterbody. Repeat treatments should be delayed by 7 to 14 days. Do not use fish for 3 days after treatment. Can be used for other uses within 7 days after treatment. Read the label. 0.6 gal/acre ft of water Algae (scums and mosses) Apply at bloom. Apply as a surface spray or injection. Toxicity to fish depends on water hardness. See label for directions. 195 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

197 AQUATIC WEED MANAGEMENT AQUATIC WEEDS (Lakes and Ponds) Formulated Product and Rate Types of Aquatic Weed or Site Remarks and Precautions SUBMERSED WEEDS (tops mostly under water, usually rooted or anchored) continued: Hydrothol pt/a ft of water Algae (scums and mosses) Apply at bloom. Apply as a surface spray. If entire waterbody is treated at one time or dissolved oxygen level is low, decaying weeds can remove enough oxygen and may result in fish suffocation. Therefore, limit treatment to half the waterbody. Repeat treatments should be delayed by 7 to 14 days. Follow label instructions concerning fish toxicity. Sonar ppb Sonar ppb Diquat,Reward, Tribune, gal/surface-acre Coontail, fanwort, milfoil, hydrilla, elodea, naiad, pondweeds Coontail, naiad, and milfoil species Apply at active growth stage. Slow kill. Effective against most rooted plants. If water is deeper than 6 feet, increase rate by 50%. Apply at active growth stage. If entire waterbody is treated at one time or dissolved oxygen level is low, decaying weeds can remove enough oxygen and may result in fish suffocation. Therefore, limit treatment to half the waterbody. Repeat treatments should be delayed by 7 to 14 days. Apply as a direct-pour or subsurface injection. Short residual. Water may be used for irrigation 5 days after treatment. Can be tank-mixed with copper for hydrilla control. Aqua-Kleen lbs./a Coontail, naiads, milfoil Apply after weeds begin to grow in spring. Granular 2,4-D. Do not apply to water used for agricultural use or potable water supplies. Excellent for treating around docks, landings, etc. 25 to 75 ppb as a total water Hydrilla and naiads A 60-day contact time required. Do not use in moving water or where treatment rapid dilution is expected ppb Hydrilla Must maintain desired concentration for minimum of 60 days. Not for use 100 to 400 ppb as a total water treatment Hydrilla, naiads, pondweeds, milfoils, coontail in moving water. For use in water bodies with limited or no outflow. Fast acting. Follow instructions on timing of application and possible oxygen depletion following application. Herbicide efficacy will decrease as water ph increases to 9 and higher. 196 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

198 AQUATIC WEED MANAGEMENT AQUATIC WEEDS (Lakes and Ponds) USE RESTRICTIONS for TREATED WATER (number of days) Human Animal Irrigation Herbicide Drinking Swimming Fish consumption Drinking Turf Forage Food crops 2,4-D 21 e e 21 e e,f Aquathol Granular Aquathol K Aquazine Clearcast 0 i K K K Clipper Copper complexes Copper sulfate Dichlobenil a b Diquat/Reward/Tribune Galleon H 0 I Habitat/Polaris/Imazapyr 2SL g 120 g 120 g Hydrothol Rodeo/Glypro/AquaPro/Glypro/Roundup Custom Sonar d 30 d 30 d Tradewind g Stingray K 0 0 K k k k a Do not use in human, animal or irrigation water. b Not recommended for use in commercial fishing areas. c See label for distance allowed from potable water intakes. d Restriction suggested by manufacturer. e Shorter interval may be used depending on amount of 2,4-D acid present. f Do not use on irrigation ditches. g Or until residues = 1.0 ppb. h Concentration < 30 ppb. I Concentration = 1 ppb, except rice = 30 ppb. j Concentration < 50 ppb within 0.25 miles of water intake. k See label. 197 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

199 RECROP INTERVALS 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide RECROP INTERVALS FOR VARIOUS HERBICIDES USED IN LOUISIANA Below is a list of commonly used herbicides in Louisiana that have rotational crop restrictions. When herbicides are applied (alone, as a tank-mix or in a sequential program), follow the recrop interval that is most restrictive for any applied herbicide. Soil ph, among other considerations, may affect herbicide selection. Extremes in environmental conditions, such as lower-than-normal temperatures and/or rainfall after herbicide application, in addition to other factors, may affect the recrop interval and may increase the potential for injury. Environmental conditions, such as temperature and rainfall after application, may affect the recrop interval. These listings are minimum intervals between herbicide application and recropping, assuming herbicide application is at the proper rate and application timing. The label should always be consulted prior to use to determine precautions, conditions or other restrictions that may alter the recrop intervals. In the "Rotation Interval" column: A. Numbers refer to months (m), days (d) or year (yr) that must pass between herbicide application and planting the next crop. B. None indicates that no recrop interval for the following crop was stated on the label. C. Following spring or "2 springs following application" are self-explanatory. Table 1. Rotation interval for corn herbicides. Rotation Interval Corn Herbicide Applied Cotton Grain Sorghum Rice Soybean Wheat Accent Q (depends up soil ph; check label) 10m 10 or 18m 18m 15d 4m Anthem/Anthem Maxx 4m 11-18m (see label) 10-24m (see label) none 11-18m (see label) Anthem ATZ following year 18m 18-24m (see label) following year 18m Armezon/Impact 9m 9m 3m 9m 3m Atrazine following spring none 2yr following spring 1yr Bicep II Magnum, Cinch ATZ following spring none 15m following spring 3m Callisto 10m none 10m 10m 4m Capreno 10m 10-18m (see label) 18m 10m 4m Clarity/Banvel 3m none 3m 3m none Corvus 9m 17-24m (see label) 9m 9m 4m Dual Magnum/Dual II Magnum/Cinch none none following year none 4.5m Halex GT 10m none 18m 10m 120d Harness Xtra following year none following year following year following year Instigate 10m (see label) 10m (see label) 18m 10m 4m Keystone NXT following year none following year following year following year Laudis 10m 10m 18m 8m 4m Lexar EZ following year none 18m following year following year Outlook following year following year following year none 4m Permit 4m 2m 2m 9m 2m Prowl 3.3EC/Prowl H2O/Pendimax none none none none 4m Realm Q 10m (see label) 10m (see label) 18m 10m 4m Resolve Q 10m 18m 18m 10m 4m Sharpen 1.5-9m (see label) 0-1m (see label) 0-4m (see label) 0-6m (see label) 0-3m (see label) Status 120d (see label) 120d (see label) 120d 120d (see label) 120d (see label) Steadfast Q 10m 10-18m 10-18m 15d 4m Verdict following year none following year 0-18 m (see label) 4 m Zidua 4m 18m 10-24m (see label) 0-4m (see label) 4-6m (see label) 198 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

200 RECROP INTERVALS 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Table 2. Rotation interval for cotton herbicides. Rotation Interval Cotton Herbicide Applied Corn Grain Sorghum Rice Soybean Wheat Assure II 4m 120d 4m none 120d Buctril 30d 30d 180d 180d 30d Command 3 ME 9m 9m 9m none 12m 1 Cotoran/Meturon 6m 6m 6m 6m 6m Diuron (Direx, Karmex) 4m to next yr 2 4m to next yr 2 4m to 1yr 2 4m to 1yr 2 4m to 1yr 2 Dual Magnum/Cinch none none spring none 4.5m Envoke 7m 7m 7m 7m 3m Fusilade DX 2m 2m 2m none 2m Fusion 2m 2m 2m none 2m Goal 2XL 10m (see 2ee label) 10m 10m 60d (see 2ee label) 10m Liberty 280SL 0d 70d 120d 0d 70d Reflex 10m 10m 10m none 4m Prometryn (Caparol, Cotton-Pro) next yr next yr next yr next yr next yr 3 Prowl 3.3 EC/Prowl H2O/Pendimax none none none none 4m Select Max/others none none none none none Staple LX 9m 4 2yr 9m 10m 4m Suprend next yr next yr next yr next yr next yr 3 Trifluralin none none 9m none none Valor 30d 30d 30d none 30d Solicam DF 24m 24m 24m 30d 24m 1 Wheat may be planted as a cover crop but may not be harvested for food, feed or grazed if planted less than 9 m after application. 2 Interval depends on use pattern (PRE, Post, band or broadcast). Consult label for exact intervals. 3 Wheat may be planted for a cover crop the fall following application, but may not be harvested for food or feed. 4 Can be planted the following year if Staple LX rate was <1.8 oz./a, or if Staple LX rate was >1.8 oz./a and applied to 50% of the row and ground-tilled before corn is planted. 199 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

201 RECROP INTERVALS 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Table 3. Rotation interval for rice herbicides. Rotation Interval Rice Herbicide Applied Cotton Corn Grain sorghum Soybean Wheat 2,4-D 30d none none 15d none Aim none none none none none Basagran none none none none none Beyond 9m 8.5m 9m none 3m Blazer 100d 100d 100d none 40d Bolero 6m 6m 6m 6m 6m Broadhead 12m 12m 12m 12m 12m Clearpath 18m 10m 18m 10m 10m Clincher 3m 3m 3m 3m 3m Command none 9 m 9m none 12m Facet L 10m 10m none 10m none Grandstand R 4m 4m 4m 4m 4m Grasp 3m 3m 3m 3m 3m GraspExtra 3m 3m 3m 3m 3m League 8m 12m 12m 12m 12m Londax 4m 4m 4m 4m 4m NewPath 18m 8.5m 18m none 4m Obey 309d 309d 309d 309d 309d Permit/Halomax 4m 1m 2m 9m 2m Permit Plus 4m 1m 2m soil dependent, see label 2m Propanil 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m Pendimethalin none none 10m none 4m RebelEx 3m 3m 3m 3m 3m Regiment none none none none none RiceBeaux 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m Ricestar HT none none none 9m none Sharpen 1.5m at 1 oz./a 3m at 2 oz. none none see label none Strada 6m 3m 12m 6m 3m StradaPro 6m 3m 36m 9m 3m StradaXT 309d 309d 309d 309d 309d 200 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

202 RECROP INTERVALS 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide Table 4. Rotation interval for soybean herbicides. Rotation Interval Soybean Herbicide Applied Cotton Corn Grain Sorghum Rice Wheat Anthem/Anthem Maxx 4m None 11-18m (see label) 10-24m (see label) 11-18m (see label) Authority Elite/BroadAxe 12-18m (see label) 10m 10m 10m 4.5m Authority First/Sonic 12-18m (see label) 10-18m (see label) 12m 10m 4m Authority MTZ 12m 10m/4m (see label) 12m 10m 4m Authority XL 18m 10-18m (see label) 10-18m (see label) 10-18m (see label) 4m Basagran none none none none none Boundary 8m 4m 12m 8m 4.5m Canopy DF 10-18m (see label) 10-18m (see label) 10-18m (see label) 10-18m (see label) 4m Canopy EX 8m/10m (see label) 7m 9m/10m (see label) 9m/10m (see label) 3m/4m (see label) Classic 8m 7m 9m 9m 3m Cobra none none none none none Command 3ME 9m 9m 9m 9m 12m Envive 10-18m (see label) 10m 10m 9m (see label) 4m Enlite 9m 9m 9m 6-15m (see label) 4m Fierce 4m 30d (see label) 18m 18m 4m FirstRate 9m 9m 9m 9m 4m Flexstar GT 3.5 none 10m 10m 10m 4m FrontRow 9m 9m 9m see label 4.5m Fusilade DX none 2m 2m 2m 2m Marvel none 10m 10m 10m 4m metribuzin 8m 4m 12m 8m 4m Prowl 3.3 EC/Prowl H2O/Pendimax none none none none none Pursuit 2EC 18m 8.5m 1 18m 40m 1 4m Python 18m none 12m 6m 4m Reflex/Flexstar/others none 10m 10m 10m 4m Select Max/others none 1m 1m 1m 1m Sharpen 1.5m (see label) none none (see label) 4m none (see label) Synchrony XP 8-10m (see label) 7m 9-15m (see label) 9-18m (see label) 3-4m (see label) Ultra Blazer 100d 100d 100d 100d 40d Valor 30d (see label) 30d (see label) 30d (see label) 30d (see label) 30d (see label) Valor XLT 10-30m (see label) 10-18m (see label)) 10-18m (see label) 9-18m (see label) 4m Verdict following year none none following year 4m Zidua 4m none 18m 10-24m (see label) 4-6m (see label) 201 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

203 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES SPRAYER CALIBRATION Sprayer calibration is the process of determining the correct vehicle speed, tip size and pressure to create a desired application rate (usually in gallons per acre or GPA). Most manufacturers have tables to help you determine these values for your equipment and tips. Still, differences can occur between your spray vehicle and the manufacturer s rates because of tip wear, inaccurate pressure gages and flow meters, varying liquid viscosities (created by multiple chemical mixtures and additives) and hose losses. To properly calibrate a sprayer you should select the correct tip size, pressure, speed and type to obtain the desired GPA rate, and then use sprayer calibration to make sure that your sprayer is applying this rate. Note that most famers can quickly determine correct flow rate in the field from liquid usage in the tank, but this type of monitoring does not indicate plugged or non-uniformity nozzle flow, or flow inconsistencies in the boom sections. A volume-measuring bucket is used for this purpose. A spray tip calibrator, such as the SpotOn brand model, works well when multiple tips are measured. When selecting a nozzle tip, keep in mind that slower speeds (5 to 12 mph) typically require less power and pressure to achieve a chosen flowrate and have a larger pressure envelope in which to operate (i.e., the spray controller has a larger pressure range in which to operate). In addition, tip selection should be chosen to operate in the middle of the spray range. After selection, sprayer calibration can be achieved using the following steps: 1) Measuring the flow rate of individual tips: Measuring the flow rate from individual tips can help determine when tips need to be changed in addition to the actual flow rate. Individual nozzle tests are performed by either using a calibration container (Teejet, etc.) or a spray tip calibrator, such as the SpotOn calibrator made by Innoquest ( Spray tip calibrators can greatly reduce your time in performing this operation and make the test less labor- and timeintensive, and they are more practical on booms with multiple nozzle tips. To check nozzles, place the calibrator under the tip of the nozzle for the set time period and read the amount of GPM for that nozzle. Note: To perform this operation successfully, you may have to re-program or bypass the flow controller to operate while the machine is not moving for the rated pressure you will use in the field. Always perform a visual spot check to ensure that all nozzles are operating and that filters are not clogged. Also, filters and anti-drip caps should be removed and flushed with water to remove chemicals and debris. The GPM of each nozzle should be within 10 percent of target GPM. If any tip varies by more than 10 percent, a new tip may be necessary. If the average GPM of all nozzles is above or below the target rate, slight adjustments in the pressure, speed or even recalibration of the flow rate sensor may be necessary. Check the manufacturer s manual on how to clean and re-calibrate the flow sensor. Flow rate tests should be performed on nozzles at least once a year. The general equation for calculating individual nozzle flow rate is given by: GPM is the gallons per minute of liquid used per application width GPA is the gallons per acre MPH is the average speed of the vehicle through the field W is the nozzle application width in inches (typically the distance between the nozzles for broadcast sprayers or banding width for banding sprayers) This equation can also be rearranged to indicate application rate (GPA) for the entire boom width by adding all the individual GPM nozzles together and using the entire boom width in inches. 202 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

204 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES 2) Ensure that the sprayer speed is correct: Speeds must be correctly reported to the rate controller (or operator) to obtain the correct GPA rates, and this value should be held as consistent as possible when travelling through the field. Typically on new sprayers, speed is input with GPS directly into the flow rate controller and no calibrations are required. Older machines that use radar (and GPS units that output radar type readings) are based on pulsed frequencies, and this value must be calibrated in the rate controller to indicate the correct speed. Typically this procedure is performed by travelling a prescribed distance with the controller set in a speed calibration mode. Consult the manufacturer s manual for this procedure and the travel distance needed for calibration. Calibration of speed sensors should be performed once a year. In some cases, the radar unit may slip down in its mounting, creating the wrong angle between the radar s emitter unit and the ground (typically this angle is 30 to 45 degrees), which can cause sluggish, noisy or nonexistent return signals. In this case, check that the radar unit is securely affixed to the vehicle frame and that the correct angle is created between the unit and ground. Consult the manufacturer s manual for the correct orientation as some radar units contain angled emitters that allow the unit to be mounted horizontally while still allowing for the correct angle for radar readings. Wheel speed sensors should not be used for general row crop purposes but may be acceptable in pasture and other situations where terrain conditions are more consistent. To check the travelling distance versus speed for these types of systems, use the equation below with at least a 500 feet or larger travel distance (to ensure 0.5 mph speed accuracy). *Use distances of at least 500 feet or more for 0.5 MPH or better accuracy in the 5- to 20-mph speed range 203 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

205 CONVERSION FACTORS Weights 1 U. S. ton = 2,000 lbs. = 0.97 metric ton 1 lb. = 16 oz. = grams = kilograms 1 oz. = grams Speed 1 mph = 5,280 ft./hr. = 88 ft./minute = ft./sec 1 m/sec = ft./minute = 2.24 mph 1m/sec = knots 1 sq. mile = 640 acres 1 acre = sq. ft. 1 acre = hectare 1 hectare = 2.47 acres 1 hectare = 10,000 m sq. 1 yd. sq. = 9 ft sq. = m sq. 1 ft. sq. = 144 in. sq. = 0.09 m sq. 1 cm. sq. = in. sq. # Acres = [Length (ft.) x width (ft.) ]/43,560 Temperature C = 5/9 ( F 32) F = (9/5 C) + 32 K = C R = F Length 1 mile = 5,280 ft. = kilometers 1 yd. = 3 ft. = 36 in. = cm. 1 ft. = 12 in. = cm. Area 1 acre = 13,068 ft. of 40-in. rows = 13,756 ft. of 36-in. rows = 14,520 ft. of 36-in. rows = 16,335 ft. of 32-in. rows = 17,424 ft. of 30-in. rows 1 tbsp. = 3 tsp. (0.5 oz.) 1 oz. = 2 tbsp. 1 cup (1/2 pint) = 16 tbsp. (8 oz.) 1 pint (2 cups) = 32 tbsp. (16 oz. or 1 lb.) (473 ml.) 1 gal. = 231 in. cubed = 4 q.t = 8 pt. = 16 cups = 8.4 lb. water 1 gal. = 128 fl. oz. = l = 3,785 ml. = 3,785 cm. cubed Liquid Measure 1 qt. = 2 pt. = 4 cups = 32 oz. = l = 946 ml. 1 pt. = 2 cups = 16 oz. = l = 473 ml. 1 cup = 8 oz. = 0.24 l = 240 ml. 1 fl. oz. = 8 oz. = 0.24 l = 240 ml. 1 tbsp. = 3 tsp = 0.5 oz. = ml. 1 tsp. = oz. = 4.92 ml. 1 ml. = fl. oz. 204 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

206 NOZZLE TYPE AND DRIFT REDUCTION Drift reduction is the practice of reducing driftable fines in a spray system, where driftable fines are the droplets less than 150 um in diameter. These droplets can easily become buoyant in air and travel great distances from the sprayer, sometimes several miles, causing off-target drift. Reducing this number in a spray system will help reduce the amount of droplets and chemicals that leave your field. Driftable fines can come from many sources, but nozzle type, operating pressure, travel and wind speed and other environmental conditions have a large influence on this number and can be controlled by choosing the correct nozzles type, sizes and operating conditions of the sprayer. Nozzle Selection: Nozzle selection is the best way to reduce driftable fines in a spray system. Figure 1 shows the different nozzles types and the percentage of driftable fines produced by each type. A.I. (air induction) type nozzles produced the least amount of driftable fines in the spray pattern for all spray conditions, while XR and Cone Jets produced the most. All other nozzle types Turbo Tees, 80 degree Flat Fans, D.G. (drift guard) Flat Fans, and Turbo Tee Twin, etc. fell in between this range and scored very similar to each other, only changing position dependent upon environmental conditions and day of testing. For this reason, A.I. type nozzles are preferred over all other nozzle types for drift control. In cases where essential contact is needed, other nozzles may be used, such as XR or Cone Jets (e.g., in some fungicide and insecticide work), but these nozzles will create more driftable fines and should be avoided for chemicals requiring stringent drift control. For most herbicides (i.e., systemic and some contact herbicides), A.I. Flat Fans will work well and provide adequate coverage. If maximum drift reduction is desired, A.I. Turbo Tees provide the best drift reduction in all conditions, but will have courser droplet size than flat fans (which may limit their use in some spraying situations). In this case, flow rate (GPA) can be increased to increase coverage. Figure 1: Chart of Nozzle Type and Proportionate Drift 205 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

207 NOZZLE TYPE AND DRIFT REDUCTION Equipment Settings: Equipment settings can also greatly affect the number of driftable fines in a spray system. The following guidelines should help lower those numbers and create a safer, less drift-prone system: 1) Boom pressure: Lowering the boom pressure and using a slightly larger nozzle size can help reduce the number of driftable fines in a spray system. In one case, research showed that a large XR flat fan nozzle operated at low boom pressures had nearly the same drift reduction qualities as an A.I. Flat Fan. Sizing for drift reduction when using non-drift reduction nozzles should include using slightly larger nozzle sizes with lower boom pressures to help reduce drift. 2) Travel speed: Research has shown that increased travel and/or wind speeds across a boom can greatly increase the number of driftable fines released into the atmosphere (Figure 2). In XR and Cone Jet nozzles, the driftable fines emitted into the open air increased by 6.5 times for each additional 1 mph of wind speed across a boom, while A.I. nozzles only had a 0.8 time increase. 3) Boom height: Keep boom heights as low as possible, typically 18 to 20 inches above crop surface. Overly high booms heights allow more time for wind to effect the spray pattern and blow fines out of the spray pattern. 4) Sprayer shields: Spray shields can greatly decrease the number of driftable fines emitted from a spray system. These shields block the wind and allow smaller droplets to either impact the crop or collect inside the sprayer shield (falling as a big droplet in the field). Keep sprayer shields tight on the crop or winds can move through the opening and blow fines out from underneath the sprayer. Flexible skirts below the spray shield can help prevent this in some crops. Figure 2: Graphs of wind speed versus on the amount of driftable fines released into the atmosphere for different nozzle types. 206 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

208 NOZZLE TYPE AND DRIFT REDUCTION Environmental Conditions: Environmental factors can play a large role in driftable fines and the following guidelines can help reduce drift: 1) Relative humidity: Spraying in low humidity (R.H.) situations can greatly reduce the number of driftable fines traveling away from a sprayer. Research has shown that driftable fines leaving the field instead of evaporating can increases as much as 300 percent in some nozzles (XR and Cone Jets) for a relative humidity increase of 40 percent to 80 percent. 2) Inversion layers: Inversion layers trap driftable fines emitted from the sprayer and concentrate them a layer in the atmosphere. This chemical layer then slowly moves off the field and deposits somewhere else in the area, sometimes 10 to 50 miles away. Surface inversion layers most often occur when air temperatures are warmer than ground temperatures, but can also exist in low-wind, thick and humid conditions. To prevent thermal layers, spraying should not be done too early in the morning or too late at night. Winds (> 2 mph) help mix the air and prohibit the creation of surface inversion layers. Some states recommend waiting to spray until the morning temperature rises 5 degrees above the morning low, and then cease spraying when the air temperatures fall more than 5 degrees below the daily high. Additives: Testing (Figure 3) has shown that most additives will reduce driftable fines in nozzles by up 60 percent (over pure water). The biggest reduction in driftable fines was seen in nozzles that create the most driftable fines, such as XR and Cone Jets. For this reason, additives and drift reduction agents are recommended for most spray operations. Figure 3: Graphs of the effect of additives on spray drift for different nozzles. Most other additives had similar responses. 207 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

209 Table 1 lists the recommended tips for different spraying operations Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide NOZZLE TYPE AND DRIFT REDUCTION Table 1: Pesticide Mode of Action and Recommend Nozzle or Sprayer Tip Selection Pesticide and Mode of Action Tip or Nozzle Selection Recommended Practices - Use higher flow rates to ensure good coverage (although higher flow rates are Most Herbicides with Systemic Type A.I. Flat Fans and A.I. Turbo Tees not always necessary to attain good results). Attributes Coarse to Medium Droplets (Air Induction) o Spray when environmental conditions are optimum. o Make sure a low-level inversion layer is not present (fog, heavy air, etc.). o Make sure winds are between 2 and 10 mph (some winds are needed to insure a stable, non-inversion layer environment). Herbicides and Pesticides with Contact and/or Partially Systemic Attributes Medium Droplet Size Fungicides Medium to Fine Droplet Sizes Insecticides Fine Droplet Size Turbo Tee, DR and DG (Drift Reduction and Drift Guard), 80 degree Flat Fans Fungicide and Insecticides DR/DG (Drift Reduction/Guard) and Hollow Cones or Equivalent - Monitor back of sprayer and droplet evaporation. o If you see a large amount misting behind sprayer, check system for over-pressurization or wrong tip selection and flow rate. - Keep boom height at recommended distance from canopy (typically inches from canopy surface). - Use hooded sprayers to further aid in drift reduction. o Make sure to run hood on the surface of the crop canopy. 208 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

210 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer 2,4-D amine or ester 2,4-D several several 2,4-DB 2,4-DB several several Aatrex and others atrazine 4L, 90 DF several Accent Q nicosulfuron 54.5 WDG DuPont Acclaim fenoxaprop 1 EC Bayer Acclaim Extra fenoxaprop 0.57 E Bayer Aim carfentrazone 40 DG; 2 EC; 1.9 EW FMC Alanap naptalam 2 L Crompton Uniroyal Ally XP metsulfuron 60 DF DuPont Anthem pyroxasulfone + fluthiacet-methyl 2.15 SE ( lb/gal) FMC Anthem ATZ pyroxasulfone + fluthiacet-methyl + atrazine SE ( lb/gal) FMC Anthem Flex pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone 4 SE ( lb/gal) FMC Anthem Maxx pyroxasulfone + fluthiacet-methyl 4.3 SC ( lb/gal) FMC Armezon topramezone 2.8 L BASF Arsenal A.C. imazapyr 4 AC BASF Assure II quizalofop 0.88 EC DuPont Asulox asulam 3.3 EC UPI Authority sulfentrazone 75 DF FMC Authority Elite/BroadAxe sulfentrazone + S-metolachlor 7.0 SL ( lb/gal) FMC/Syngenta Authority First/Sonic sulfentrazone + choransulam 0.7 DF ( lb/gal) FMC/Dow AgroSciences Authority MTZ sulfentrazone + metribuzin 45 DG ( %) FMC Authority XL sulfentrazone + chlorimuron 70 DG ( %) FMC Avast! SC fluridone 4 SC SePro Axial XL penoxaden 0.83 EC Syngenta Balan benefin 60 DF; 2.5G Dow AgroSciences Balance Flexx isoxaflutole 2.05 L Bayer Banvel dicamba 4 SL Microflo Barrage HF 2,4-D ester 4.7 EC Helena Barricade prodiamine 65 WG Syngenta 209 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

211 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Basagran bentazon 5 SL AgriSolutions Basagran T/O bentazon 4 L AgriSolutions Basamid G dazomet 99 G Certis USA Betasan; Bensumec bensulide 4 E PBI Gordon Beyond imazamox 1 S BASF Bicep II Magnum S-metolachlor + atrazine 5.5 L ( lb/gal) Syngenta Bolero thiobencarb 8 EC Valent Boundary S-metolachlor + metribuzin 6.5 EC ( lb/gal) Syngenta Brake FX fluridone + fluometuron 3.6 L ( lb/gal) SePro Brake F16 fluridone + fomesafen 2.7 L ( lb/gal) SePro Broadhead carfentrazone + quinclorac 7 L ( lb/gal) FMC Broadstar flumioxazin 0.25 G Valent Buctril bromoxynil 4 EC; 2 EC Bayer Butoxone 200 2,4-DB 2 SL Cedar Chemical Butyrac 200 2,4-DB 2 SL Albaugh Cadet fluthiacet methyl 0.91 EC FMC Cadre imazapic 2 AS BASF Callisto mesotrione 4 L Syngenta Canopy DF metribuzin + chlorimuron 75 DF ( %) DuPont Canopy EX chlorimuron + tribenuron 29.5% WDG (22.7% + 6.8%) DuPont Caparol prometryn 80 DF; 4 L Syngenta Capreno thiencarbazone-methyl + tembotrione 3.45 L ( lb/gal Bayer Casoron dichlobenil 2 G; 4 G Crompton Celsius iodosulfuron + thiencarbazone-methyl + dicamba 68 WG ( %) Bayer Certainty sulfosulfuron 75 DF Monsanto Chaser 2,4-D + triclopyr 3 S (2 + 1 lb/gal) Verdicon Chateau flumioxazin 51 SW; 51 WDG Valent Chopper imazapyr 2 S BASF Cimarron Max metsulfuron + 2,4-D + dicamba 60 DF and lb/gal Bayer 210 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

212 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Cimarron Plus metsulfuron + chlorsulfuron 63 DF ( %) Bayer Cinch S-metolachlor 7.64 EC DuPont Cinch ATZ S-metolachlor + atrazine 5.5 F ( lb/gal) DuPont Clarity dicamba 4 S BASF Classic chlorimuron 25 DF DuPont Clearcast imazamox 1 SC BASF Clearpath imazethapyr + quinclorac 75 DF BASF Clincher SF cyhalofop 2.38 L Dow AgroSciences Clipper flumioxazin 51% WDG Valent Clipper SC flumioxazin 4 SC Nufarm Cobra lactofen 2 EC Valent Command clomazone 3 ME FMC Confront triclopyr + clopyralid 3 L ( lb/gal) Dow AgroSciences Corsair chlorsulfuron 75 WDG Nufarm Corvus thiencarbazone-methyl + isoxaflutole 2.63 SC ( ) Bayer Costarr glyphosate + dicamba 2.1 EC ( lb/gal) Albaugh Cotoran fluometuron 4 L; 80 DF MANA Cotton-Pro prometryn 4 L DuPont Crossbow 2,4-D + triclopyr 3 S (2 + 1 lb/gal) Dow AgroSciences Curbit ethalfluralin 3 EC Platte Chemical Dacthal; DCPA DCPA 75 WP; 6 L; 5 G Amvac Chemical Degree acetochlor 3.8 SL Monsanto Delta Goal oxyfluorfen 4 EC Dow AgroSciences Devrinol napropamide 2 G; 2 EC United Phosphorus Dimension dithiopyr 2 EC; 1 EC Dow AgroSciences Direx diuron 4 L MANA Dismiss sulfentrazone 4L FMC Drive quinclorac 75 DF BASF DSMA Plus DSMA 3.8 SL UAP-Loveland 211 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

213 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Dual II Magnum S-metolachlor 7.64 EC Syngenta Dual Magnum S-metolachlor 7.62 EC Syngenta Duet propanil + bensulfuron 60 DF ( %) RiceCo Dupont K-4 diuron + hexazinone 60 DG ( %) Bayer Dyclomec dichlobenil 4 G PBI Gordon Echelon sulfentrazone + prodiamine 4 SC ( %) FMC Endurance prodiamine 65 WDG Syngenta Engenia dicamba 5 S BASF Enlite chlorimuron + flumioxazin + thifensulfuron 47.9 WDG ( %) DuPont Envive chlorimuron + flumioxazin + thifensulfuron 41.3 WDG ( %) DuPont Envoke trifloxysulfuron 75 DG Syngenta Envoy clethodim 0.94 EC Valent Eptam EPTC 7 EC Syngenta Escort metsulfuron 60 DF Bayer ET pyraflufen ethyl EC Nichino Exceed primisulfuron + prosulfuron 57 DF ( %) Syngenta Express tribenuron 75 DF DuPont Facet quinclorac 75 DF BASF Factor prodiamine 65 WSG Syngenta Fierce flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone 76 WDG ( %) Valent Finale glufosinate 1 SL Bayer Finesse chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron 75 DF ( %) DuPont FirstRate cloransulam 84 DF Dow AgroSciences FirstShot SG thifensulfuron + tribenuron 50% SG (25% + 25%) DuPont Flexstar GT 3.5 fomesafen + glyphosate 2.82 L ( lb/gal) Syngenta Flexstar, Rhythm fomesafen 1.88 ME Syngenta; Cheminova Forestry Garlon 4 triclopyr 4 SL Dow AgroSciences FreeHand dimethenamid-p + pendimethalin 1.75 G ( lb/gal) BASF Frontrow cloransulam + flumetsulam co-pack 84% + 80% Dow AgroSciences 212 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

214 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Fusilade DX fluazifop 2 EC Syngenta Fusion fluazifop + fenoxaprop 2.56 EC ( lb/gal) Syngenta Galigan oxyfluorfen 2 E MANA Galleon penoxsulam 2 SC SePRO Gallery isoxaben 75 DF Dow AgroSciences Garlon triclopyr 4 L Dow AgroSciences Glory; Metribuzin 75 DF metribuzin 75 DG various glyphosate formulations 2 glyphosate various various Goal 2XL; Goal T/O oxyfluorfen 2 EC; 1.6 EC Dow AgroSciences Goosegrass/Crabgrass Control oxadiazon + bensulide 6.56 G ( %) Scotts Gramoxone, Parazone, Quik-Quat paraquat 2 SL Syngenta; Drexel; MANA Grandstand R triclopyr 3 SL Dow AgroSciences Grasp penoxsulam 2 EC Dow AgroSciences Grasp Xtra penoxasulam + triclopyr 2.31 EC ( lb/gal) Dow AgroSciences Grazon P + D picloram + 2,4-D 2.54 L ( lb/gal) Dow AgroSciences GrazonNext aminopyralid + 2,4-D 3 lb/gal ( lb/gal) Dow AgroSciences Habitat imazapyr 2.0 lb/gal BASF Halex GT mesotrione + S-metolachlor + glyphosate 4.4 L ( ) Syngenta Halo Max 75 halosulfuron 75 WG Aceto Harmony Extra thifensulfuron + tribenuron 75 DF ( %) DuPont Harness Extra acetochlor + atrazine 5.6 L ( lb/gal); 6 L ( lb/gal) Monsanto Harness, Warrant acetochlor 7 EC Monsanto Hoelon diclofop 3 EC Bayer Hyvar X bromacil 80 WP Bayer Ignite glufosinate 2.38 SL Bayer Illoxan diclofop 3 EC Bayer Image imazaquin 1.5 EC; 70 DG BASF Impact topramezone 2.8 L AMVAC 213 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

215 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Instigate rimsulfuron + mesotrione DG ( %) Dupont Integrity saflufenacil + dimethenamid 5.5 L BASF Intrro alachlor 4.51 EC Monsanto Journey glyphosate + imazapic SL BASF Karmex diuron 4 L; 80 DF MANA Katana flazasulfuron 25 DF PBI Gordon Kerb pronamide 50 WSP Dow AgroSciences Kerb SC pronamide 3.3 SC Dow AgroSciences Keystone NXT acetochlor + atrazine 5.6 L ( lb/gal) Dow AgroSciences Krenite S fosamine 4 S Bayer Krovar bromacil + diuron 80 DF ( %) Bayer Lasso alachlor 4 F Monsanto Laudis tembotrione 3.5 L Bayer LeadOff rimsulfuron + thifensulfuron 33.4 WG ( %) DuPont League imazosulfuron 75 WG Valent Lesco PRE-M pendimethalin 50 WP (others) Lesco Lescosan bensulide 4 L (others) Lesco Lexar EZ atrazine + S-metolachlor + mesotrione 3.67 L ( lb/gal) Syngenta Liberty 280 glufosinate 2.34 SL Bayer Linex/Lorox linuron 4 L NovaSource Londax bensulfuron 60 DF DuPont Lontrel clopyralid 3 L Dow AgroSciences Manor, Blade, Mansion, MSM metsulfuron 60 WDG Nufarm; Riverdale Marksman dicamba + atrazine 3.2 L ( lb/gal) BASF Matrix rimsulfuron 25 DF DuPont MCP amine MCPA 4 SL Loveland; Platte MCPP MCPP 4 L Verdicon Mecomec mecoprop 2.5 L PBI Gordon Micro-Tech alachlor 4 ME Monsanto 214 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

216 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Milestone aminopyralid 2 lb/gal Dow AgroSciences Monument trifloxysulfuron 75 WG Syngenta MSMA (others) MSMA 6 SL; 6.6 SL several Newpath imazethapyr 2 AS BASF Obey clomazone + quinclorac 2.5 L ( lb/gal) FMC OH II oxyfluorfen + pendimethalin 3 G (2% + 1%) Scotts Osprey mesosulfuron 4.5 DF Bayer Oust sulfometuron 75 WDG Bayer Outlook dimethenamid-p 6 EC BASF Outrider sulfosulfuron 75 WP Monsanto Overdrive dicamba + diflufenzopyr 0.7 L ( lb/gal) BASF Parrlay metolachlor 8 EC Monsanto Pastora nicosulfuron + metsulfuron-methyl 71.2 DF ( %) Bayer PastureGard triclopyr + fluroxypyr Dow AgroSciences Peak prosulfuron 57 DG Syngenta Pendimax pendimethalin 3.3 EC Dow AgroSciences Pendulum pendimethalin 3.3 EC; 2 G; 60 WDG BASF Pendulum AquaCap pendimethalin 3.8 lb/gal BASF Pennant Magnum S-metolachlor 7.62 EC Syngenta Permit halosulfuron 75 DG Gowan Phytar 560 cacodylic acid 2.48 EC Drexel Plateau imazapic 70 DG BASF Poast sethoxydim 1.5 EC Microflo Poast Plus sethoxydim 1 EC Microflo Power Zone carfentrazone + MCPA + mecoprop + dicamba 2.9 EC ( lb/gal) PBI Gordon Powerflex HL pyroxsulam 0.13 WG Dow AgroSciences Pramitol prometon 25 E (25% active liquid) Agriliance Predict norflurazon 80 DF Syngenta Prefar bensulide 4 E Gowan 215 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

217 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Prefix S-metolachlor + fomesafen Co-Pak (7.62 EC/2 LC) Syngenta Pre-san bensulide 7 G PBI Gordon Princep; Simazine; Caliper simazine 4 L; 90 DG Syngenta Prograss ethofumesate 1.5 EC Bayer Prompt bentazon + atrazine 5 L ( lb/gal) Microflo Pronone hexazinone 10 G; 2.5 G Proserve Provisia quizalfop 0.88 EC BASF Prowl pendimethalin 3.3 EC BASF Prowl H2O pendimethalin 3.8 CS BASF Pursuit imazethapyr 2 AS; 70 DG BASF Pyramin pyrazon 65 DF Microflo Python flumetsulam 80 WDG Dow AgroSciences Q4 Plus quinclorac + sulfentrazone + dicamba + 2,4-D 22.4 L ( %) PBI Gordon Quicksilver carfentrazone 1.9 L FMC Rage D-Tech carfentrazone + 2,4-D LVE 67 EC ( %) FMC Rage G carfentrazone + glyphosate 5.04 SL ( lb/gal) FMC Raptor imazamox 1 AS BASF Realm Q rimsulfuron + mesotrione DG ( %) Dupont RebelEX penoxulam + cyhalofop 2.03 L ( ) Dow AgroSciences Reflex, Dawn fomesafen 2 LC Syngenta; Cheminova Regalkade prodiamine 65 WG Regal Regiment bispyribac 80 DF Valent Remedy triclopyr 4 SL Dow AgroSciences Renovate triclopyr 3.0 lb/gal SePro Resolve Q rimsulfuron + thifensulfuron 22.4 DF ( %) DuPont Resource flumiclorac 0.86 EC Valent Revolver foramsulfuron 0.19 L Bayer Reward diquat 2 SL Syngenta RiceBeaux propanil + thiobencarb 6 SL (35% + 31%) RiceCo 216 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

218 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer RiceOne clomazone + pendimethalin 3.63 SC ( lb/gal) RiceCo Ricestar HT fenoxaprop 0.58 EW Bayer Ronstar oxadiazon 50 SP; 2 G Bayer Roundup formulations glyphosate various Monsanto Rout oxyfluorfen + oryzalin 2 G (2% + 1%) Scotts Rubigan fenarimol 50 WSP Gowan Sahara DG imazapyr + diuron 70 DG ( %) BASF Sandea halosulfuron 75 DF Gowan Sedgehammer halosulfuron 75 DF Gowan Segment sethoxydim 1 EC BASF Select and others clethodim 1, 2, or 3 EC various Select Max clethodim 0.97 EC Valent Sempra halosulfuron 75 DF Nufarm Sencor and others metribuzin 4 L; 75 DF various Sequence glyphosate + S-metolachlor 5.25 F ( lb/gal) Syngenta Shapshot trifluralin + isoxaben 2.5 TG (2% + 0.5%) Dow AgroSciences Sharpen saflufenacil 2.85 SC BASF Showcase isoxaben + oxyfluorfen + trifluralin 1.25 G ( %) Dow AgroSciences Sinbar terbacil 80 WP DuPont Solicam norflurazon 78.6 DF Syngenta Sonalan HFP ethalfluralin 3 EC Dow AgroSciences Sonar A.S. fluridone 4 L SePro Spartan sulfentrazone 4 F; 75 DF FMC Specticle indaziflam 20 WSP Bayer Speed Zone South carfentrazone + mecoprop + 2,4-D + dicamba 2.2 EC ( lb/gal) PBI Gordon Spike tebuthiuron 80 DF; 20 P Dow AgroSciences Stam M4 propanil 4 L; 80 DF Dow AgroSciences Staple LX pyrithiobac 3.2 SL DuPont Status dicamba + diflufenzopyr 61.1 WG ( %) BASF 217 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

219 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Steadfast Q nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron 37.7 WDG ( ) DuPont Stinger clopyralid 3 SL Dow AgroSciences Stingray carfentrazone 1.9 L SePro Storm bentazon + acifluorfen 4 SL ( lb/gal) UPI Strada orthosulfamuron 50 WG Isagro-USA Strada Pro orthosulfamuron + halosulfuron 54 WG ( %) Isagro-USA Strada XT orthosulfamuron + quinclorac 70 WG ( %) Isagro-USA Strategy ethalfluralin + clomazone 2.1 L ( lb/gal) Loveland Strongarm diclosulam 0.84 L Dow AgroSciences Super Wham propanil 4 EC RiceCo Suprend prometryn + trifloxysulfuron 80 WG ( %) Syngenta Sureguard flumioxazin 51 WG Valent Surflan oryzalin 4 EC; 4 AS Dow AgroSciences Surge 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba + sulfentrazone PBI Gordon Surmount picloram + fluroxypyr Dow AgroSciences Surpass alachlor 6.4 EC Dow AgroSciences Synchrony XP chlorimuron + thifensulfuron 28.4 XP ( %) DuPont Telar chlorsulfuron 75 DF Bayer Tordon 22K picloram 2 SL Dow AgroSciences Tordon K picloram 2 SL Dow AgroSciences Tower dimethamid-p 6 EC BASF Tradewind bispyribac 80 SP Valent Transline clopyralid 3 L Dow AgroSciences TranXit GTA rimsulfuron 25 DF DuPont Treflan trifluralin 10 G Dow AgroSciences Treflan HFP trifluralin 4 EC Dow AgroSciences Tribute Total thiencarbazone-methyl + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron 60.5 WDG ( %) Bayer Trimec Classic 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba 2.7 EC ( lb/gal) PBI Gordon Trimec Southern 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba 3 EC ( lb/gal) PBI Gordon 218 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

220 GLOSSARY OF HERBICIDES 2018 Louisiana Suggested Chemical Weed Management Guide HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION AND MANUFACTURER 1 Trade Name Common Name Formulation Manufacturer Trycera triclopyr 2.87 SL Helena Tupersan siduron 50 WP PBI Gordon; Gowan Turflon Ester triclopyr 4 L Dow AgroSciences Ultra Blazer acifluorfen 2 SL UPI Valor flumioxazin 51 WDG Valent Valor XLT flumioxazin + chlorimuron 40.3 WDG (30% %) Valent Vanquish dicamba 4 SL Syngenta Vantage sethoxydim 1 EC BASF; Microflo Velpar hexazinone 75 DF; 2 L DuPont/Bayer Verdict saflufenacil + dimethamid-p 5.57 EC ( lb/gal) BASF Vista fluroxypyr 1.5 EC Dow AgroSciences Weedmaster dicamba + 2,4-D 3.87 SL ( lb/gal) BASF XL benefin + oryzalin 2 G (1 + 1%) Setre Yukon halosulfuron + dicamba 67.5 WSG ( %) Gowan Zidua pyroxasulfone 85 WG BASF 1 Liquid formulations include AC, applicator s concentration; CS, aqueous capsule suspension; E, EC or EW, emulsifiable concentration; F, flowable; L. liquid, ME, microencapsulated; SL, soluble liquid; S, suspension. Dry formulations include DF, dry flowable, DG, dispersible granules; G, granules, SE, suspoemulsion; SP, soluble powder, W, WG and WDG, wettable dispersible granules, WP, wettable powder, WSG, wettable soluble granule. 2 For list of glyphosate products, please see Appendix A Glyphosate Products, Formulations and Surfactant Suggestions. 219 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

221 GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS 2018 Louisiana Suggested Weed Management Guide Appendix A: GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS, FORMULATIONS AND SURFACTANT SUGGESTIONS 1,2 Product Manufacturer or Distributor Acid (a.e.) AI Concentration 3 Salt (a.i.) Surfactant Needed 3 Abundt Edge DuPont No Abundit Extra DuPont 3 4 No Accord XRT II Dow AgroSciences No Aqua Star Albaugh (Agri-Star) Yes Aquamaster Monsanto Yes Buccaneer Tenkoz 3 4 Yes Buccaneer Plus Tenkoz 3 4 Yes Buccaneer 5 Tenkoz No Buccaneer 5 Extra Tenkoz Yes Cornerstone Plus Winfield 3 4 No Cornerstone 5 Plus Winfield No Credit 41 Nufarm 3 4 Yes Credit 41 Extra Nufarm 3 4 No Credit Xtreme Nufarm No Departure Syngenta Yes Duramax Dow AgroSciences No Durango DMA Dow AgroSciences No Envy Innvictis Crop Care 3 4 No Envy Intense Innvictis Crop Care 3 4 No Envy Six Max Innvictis Crop Care No Gly Star Pro Albaugh 3 4 Yes Gly Star Gold Albaugh 3 4 No Gly Star K-Plus Albaugh No Gly Star 5 Extra Albaugh No Glyfine Plus Aceto 3 4 No Glyfine 5 Plus Aceto No Glyfos X-tra FMC 3 4 No Glyfos Aquatic FMC Yes 220 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

222 GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS 2018 Louisiana Suggested Weed Management Guide Appendix A: GLYPHOSATE PRODUCTS, FORMULATIONS AND SURFACTANT SUGGESTIONS 1,2 Product Manufacturer or Distributor Acid (a.e.) AI Concentration 3 Salt (a.i.) Surfactant Needed 3 Honcho Monsanto 3 4 Yes Hoss Ultra Helena 3 4 No Imitator Aquatic Drexel Yes Imitator DA Drexel No Imitator Plus Drexel 3 4 No Mad Dog Loveland 3 4 Yes Mad Dog Plus Loveland 3 4 No Makaze Loveland 3 4 No Ranger Pro Monsanto 3 4 No Rascal Plus Winfield Solutions 3 4 No Razor Nufarm 3 4 Yes Razor Pro Nufarm 3 4 No Refuge Syngenta Yes Rodeo Dow AgroSciences Yes Roundup PowerMax II Monsanto No Roundup Pro Monsanto 3 4 No Roundup ProMax Monsanto No Roundup Ultra Monsanto 3 4 No 1 Other glyphosate products exist, and some products listed may not be available in Louisiana. See label for specific crops and uses. The LSU AgCenter does not recommend or endorse specific herbicide brands. 2 Like a few other herbicides, glyphosate active ingredient can be expressed as either a salt form or the acid-equivalent of the actual glyphosate. The glyphosate molecule is attached to the salt is formulated with and is the true active product. The salt itself does not contribute to weed control. Therefore, because salt formulations differ in weight, a better comparison among glyphosate products is the direct comparison of actual amount of glyphosate, i.e., the acid equivalent. Both concentrations are generally given on the label. 3 Some formulations of glyphosate contain some surfactant; however, additional surfactant is required with certain spray volumes. For other formulations, additional surfactant should not be added when the product is used alone. See label for specific surfactant rates and uses. 221 LSU AgCenter publication 1565

223 Visit our website: Visit our online store: www. LSUAgCenter.com/OnlineStore William B. Richardson, LSU Vice President for Agriculture Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service College of Agriculture Pub /18 Rev. The LSU AgCenter and LSU provide equal opportunities in programs and employment.