Setting the scene - recent development and future challanges

Transcription

1 Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Setting the scene - recent development and future challanges Ulrich Schurr, Forschungszentrum Jülich, IBG-2: Plant Sciences

2 Major societal challenges: plants are key Global and climate change Fossil resources Limits of yield and land Novel demands in quality and scale Need for sustainable intensification (Resource outlook, J. Bruinsma, 2013) Need for diversification

3 Challange: the second green revolution With courtesy to Jonathan Lynch

4 Challange: the second green revolution With courtesy to Jonathan Lynch

5 Challange: the second green revolution Traits for nutrient, carbon, light and water use acquisition Traits for higher efficiency of applied input With courtesy to Jonathan Lynch

6 Bottleneck Phenotyping EPSO Whitepaper Plant Phenotyping 2010 Nature Genetics Dec Key Messages Plant phenotyping is a bottleneck for progress in basic plant science and plant breeding Phenotyping requires interdisciplinary approaches of plant scientists, bioinformatics, sensor development and environmental sciences and simulation. Phenotyping needs to integrate activities for establishing mechanistic, high-throughput and field-based platforms

7 The Phenotyping Gap demand to identify and analyse complex traits Climate change Environmental risk Molecular biology Raps Gene function Plant Phenotyping Plant-Environment-Interaction quantitative deep Zuckerrübe high-throughput Zuckerrübe field Sustainable production Mechanisms of resource use efficiency Genetics Breeding Predictive breeding Complex traits

8 Advances in Plant Sciences Cropsense.net - addressing central topics Sugar beet research group Architecture Stress CROP ANALYSIS Barley research group Architecture Stress Soil & site characterisation research group ENVIRONMENT Integrating sensor activities across lab & field Sensors & methods research group SENSORS & IT Data research group Image analysis and modelling 8 Breeding Greater speed, accuracy, efficiency Crop Management Optimised inputs and timing

9 Plant phenotyping in 2008 International projects and cooperation networks

10 Plant phenotyping: International projects and cooperation networks

11 Trends and hot topics in plant phenotyping today

12 Science of phenotyping phenotyping for science phenotyping in application Science of phenotyping Novel instruments for hitherto unknown parameters Novel workflows and assays Integration with other omics and biology Phenotyping for science Urgent need to match demand Many tools are around, identify the ones that you really need Development of simple phenotyping (= solve the problem not all potential problems) Phenotyping in application Automated plant production systems Horticulture greenhouses Remote sensing sensor-supported agriculture (Fiorani and Schurr 2013)

13 Simple or compex cheap or expensive the art of being efficient Fancy phenotyping gear produces great insights, But low-cost has also its role! Dependent on question Requirements Thoughput detailed understanding Field performance or controlled-condition screening. Tools to analyse the complexity and amount of data Availability of methods

14 More user/ application orientation what is required by a specific user? user groups with very different needs breeders scientists (many different needs) crop wild relatives seedbanks fruits and storage organs model systems

15 Role of phenotyping in breeding and management Breeding Objective: e.g. enhancing yield and biomass through optimizing plant phenomics CROP DESIGN GENETIC RESOURCES Pre-Breeding GENETIC ANALYSIS BREEDING Management Trait identification Understanding of G x E x M Phenotypic characterization of genetic resources Landraces Synthetics Characterization of parent Selection from populations Experimental population Marker platforms High throughput Phenotyping Field and controlled environment Link to management and precision agriculture Translocation Wild relatives Strategic crossing Transgenic approaches MAS, GS, Wide Crossing DATA MANAGEMENT and MODELLING

16 Root phenotyping Artificial media screening Rhizotrons Tomography Destructive sampling (incl shovelomics)

17 Inclusion of modelling Hypothesis development Verification of data Proxy development From data to information

18 Diversification of phenotyping solutions Phenotyping Centers with technology development or technology adaptation Decentraliszed (benchtop) systems Wider range of commercial solutions

19 Field phenotyping Flying platforms Sensor networks (environment and plants) Remote sensing

20 Campus Kleinaltendorf/ PhenScie - (Semi-)controlled field experiments with state-of-the art phenotyping technologies Campus Kleinaltendorf 180 ha experimental fields State-of-the-art field phenotyping Breed-FACE (with Franco Miglietta) Joint installation Jülich and University of Bonn

21 Link to (bio-)informatics Beyond phenotyping Integration with omics-technologies Development of integrated apporaches Specific Challenges Time and history dependent data Complex data New datatypes Amount of data

22 Networks Interaction of valuable expertise assembled in an organised manner for a specific, joint target This implies. the basis of a network are synergistic nodes of expertise networks require strategy and governance networks are assemble/ are generated around a specific target The target defines partners/ nodes

23 Phenotyping networks Technology development and - implementation Complex agronomic and trait characteristics Infrastructures and technology platforms Transnational access and European infrastructure network Development and support Good Phenotyping Practice (GPP) Phenotyping platforms Efficient use of competences and capacities Technology dissemination Develop a European Plant Phenotyping Community

24 Targets/ deliverables of networks Joint (scientific) topic Biologial question/ experiments Technology development Clearing house Sharing infrastructure access Communication Exchange of information development of a joint perspective/ strategy People Exchange of people education

25 Examples for stakeholders of cooperation (of interest mentioned in the group) Cooperation within academia Cooperation between industry and academia Cooperation with developing countries Key factor of success Shared governance Win-win situation

26 Onion model of partnering industry academia; academy academia; industry industry partnership linking open innovation with bilateral interaction IP protection and open source for promoting the emerging field of phenotyping Defining standards (community-based) Specific interests (incl IP) private funding Specific interest of groups (PPP) Open innovation Topics of general interest (open source, public and private funding, standards..)

27 Trends in Plant Phenotyping today Significant investments have been done Scientific phenotyping phenotyping as a tool Simple or compex cheap or expensive More user/ application orientation (what is required by a specific user?) Integration of modelling Integration of (bio-)informatics Diversification of solutions (for adaptation to need and cost) Communication between developers and users have only just begun Networks are key elements for future development

28 Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Setting the scene - recent development and future challanges Ulrich Schurr, Forschungszentrum Jülich, IBG-2: Plant Sciences

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30 Networking Workshops with users and developers Round table meetings Summer schools Sessions at conferences Image Analysis for Biologists

31 DPPN: German Plant Phenotyping Network Academia Industry Breeders

32 Module 1: DPPN-Infrastructure Root Shoot Field Patho Architecture Physiology Major deliverable: DPPN Platforms Architecture Physiology Stand architecture Stand physiology Biotic /patho cells and tissues Volatile emissions New integrated root-shoot PF Extended Lemnatec-PF (IPK) Field PF BREED-FACE Confocal PF Microscope PF VOC-PF

33 EPPN Link national centers Access tophenotyping installations Adapt to community needs new phenotyping activities Started January 2012 By 2014: close tp 50 projects