UNEP s Work on Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA)

Transcription

1 UNEP s Work on Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) Adaptation & Finance Workshop 23 October, 2013 Lima, Peru Dr. Musonda Mumba EbA Coordinator, EbA Flagship Programme, Climate Change Adaptation Unit, UNEP

2 CASA

3 Adaptation at basin (ecosystem) level Ridge to Reef

4 Adaptation at basin (ecosystem) level Ridge to Reef Basin water management Development drivers

5 Rwenzori Massif

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9 Agriculture

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11 Biodiversity

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13 Drylands

14 Degraded areas

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16 The process.

17 Evolution of adaptation under the UNFCCC (Macro) Scaling up implementation and forging enhanced engagement Full scale implementation. Balance with mitigation (?) Observing impacts, assessing risks and vulnerabilities Moving to planning and pilot implementation COP 2 (1996) Sharing knowledge and lessons learned COP 7 (2001) LDC Support (LDC Work Programme) NAPAs, LEG, LDCF), SCCF and AF COP 11 (2005) Nairobi work programme COP 13 (2007) Bali Action Plan COP ( ) Cancun Adaptation Framework (Adaptation Committee, NAPs and L&D work programme) COP & beyond New Agreement. Importance of LTGG National communications

18 Evolution of adaptation under the UNFCCC (Micro) Adaptation Committee National Adaptation Plans Decision at COP 19 on the work programme that could also support the scientific and technical work under the Cancun Adaptation Framework National Adaptation Programmes of Action Nairobi work programme Work programme on loss and damage

19 Recent EBA Activity Relevant action pledges made by NWP partner organizations Compilation of Ecosystembased approaches to adaptation (FCCC/SBSTA/2011/INF.8) & Database on ecosystembased approaches to adaptation (40+ examples-ongoing) A technical workshop on ecosystembased approaches for adaptation to climate change

20 What we know for sure..

21 Adaptation is an iterative process, including understanding climate variability as well as patterns and dynamics underlying societal vulnerabilities, evaluating costs and benefits, building capacity and continuous learning from monitoring and evaluation of actions. Ecosystem-Based Adaptation harnesses the natural climate resilience of ecosystems as part of an overall adaptation strategy to help people and communities minimize the negative impacts and benefit from the positive effects of climate variability and change. Some Examples: Water Security: Building Dams and Managing Upstream Riparian Forests Coastal Defenses: Building Seawalls and Managing Coastal Ecosystems

22 Ecosystem Based Adaptation Ecosystem Based Adaptation is the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation strategy. It uses sustainable management, conservation and restoration of ecosystems taking into account anticipated climate change impact trends to maintain and increase the resilience and to reduce the vulnerability of ecosystems and people to climate change impacts.

23 The space of EBA approaches some examples Ecosystem services Climate risks & impacts Storm surge (coasts) Flooding (urban, riverine) Food, fiber and biomass production Heat waves (temperature extremes) Supporting Soil formation for stabilization & reducing runoff Sustainable land management Provisioning Agroforestry Regulating Reforesting or afforesting with mangroves Stormwater run-off regulation Green cover to reduce urban heat island Cultural 23

24 Geographic distribution of EBA studies Source: Munroe et al

25 Synergies with other approaches Overlaps with disaster risk management, community based natural resource management, REDD+, Mix of human needs & environmental sustainability Strong local-level synergies Adapted from Midgley et al

26 Ecosystem Based Adaptation in Mountain Ecosystems Nepal, Peru & Uganda

27 Ecosystem Based Adaptation in Mountain Ecosystems Programme Partnership of UNEP, IUCN & UNDP under broader EBA flagship programme BMU provided 10 million Euro for Mountain Ecosystems Programme Steered by Global Steering Committee Dec 2010 Dec 2014 Pilot phase: Nepal, Peru & Uganda. More countries to be added in next phase

28 Programme s objective The objective is to strengthen the capacity of countries that are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts (Nepal, Peru and Uganda) to build ecosystem resilience for promoting ecosystem based adaptation (EBA) options and to reduce the vulnerability of communities with particular emphasis on mountain ecosystems.

29 Programme components and lead agencies Components Lead Agency 1. Development of methodologies and tools for EbA decision-making in mountain ecosystems UNEP 2. Application of methodologies and tools at ecosystem level UNEP/UNDP 3. Implementation of EbA pilots at ecosystem level UNDP/IUCN 4. Development of Business Case for EbA at the national level UNDP

30 Expected outputs The value of ecosystem based approaches demonstrated; Informed national climate change and development policies and strategies, and their delivery supported; Economic assessment of Ecosystem services valuated; Scaling up learning: the pilot project Adapting to Climate Change in Mountain Ecosystems will form the basis of further EBA activities in other mountain areas around the globe.

31 Uganda Mt Elgon Ecosystem Mt Elgon Ecosystem contributes 100% of its water to the Nile River System

32 Programme partners National and local governments Research institutes Civil society Local communities

33 Selected Bilateral Projects Topic and Location EbA in Mountain Regions: Uganda, Peru, Nepal Adapting to Climate Change Induced Water Stress in the Nile River Basin Regional Gateway for Tech. Transfer and CC Action: L. America & Caribbean EbA in Coastal Ecosystems. Building Adaptive Capacity in Vulnerable Coastal Communities: Seychelles, Grenada, SIDS. Building Resilient Ecological Food Systems using Ecosystem-based Adaptation in agriculture-dominated landscapes in Africa Readiness for National access to the Green Climate Fund EbA in peri-urban areas of Asian mid-tier cities reducing the climate vulnerability of the urban poor. Funder, Timeline, Partners Germany (BMU). $14M Implemented w/ UNDP, IUCN Sweden (SIDA). $3.5M Implemented w/ DHI, NBI Spain and Norway. $5.3M European Commission. $3.5M UNDF 9 th Tranche $650k Seed $ 2014 ICI $6M submitted, GEF? Implemented w/ifad Germany 1 st Phase $400k Seed $ 2013 $ 11M Implemented w/undp, WRI UNEP $150k Seed $ 2013 ICI $6M submitted, GEF $5M submitted Implemented w/ UNDP (PEI), UN-Habitat.

34 GEF Portfolio Overall objective: Support developing countries in accessing GEF supported finance through the Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF), Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF), and indirect access to the Adaptation Fund (AF) in order to reduce their vulnerability to adverse impacts of climate variability and change. The strategic focus is on innovative approaches applied through pilot studies and enhanced country responsiveness.

35 MIE Funds for adaptation NIE 35

36 Where we work

37 Further needs Improved and additional information about ecosystem interactions and practical guidance could help to enhance implementation; Further developing the evidence base for ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation would help to enhance understanding of ecosystem interactions and the economics of ecosystem-based adaptation; Outcomes would need to be monitored and evaluated. Further development of networks to build capacity and share information and experience; Direct Access opportunities and challenges; Evidence for comparative advantage of Ecosystem Based Adaptation; People focused EbA (Urban, Agricultural Landscapes); Readiness for Green Climate Fund (GCF).

38 The Focus E cosystem Resilience nvironmental Protection conomic Development

39 .Adaptation is a CHOICE.well we can just choose to ignore ecosystems..

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41 Contributors Thank YOU Keith Alverson, CCAU Chief Ermira Fida, Head, GEF/CCA Unit Rob Munroe, UNEP-WCMC.and others.

42 Gracias.