Creating Yield Maps & Turning them into Money Making Management Tools

Transcription

1 Creating Yield Maps & Turning them into Money Making Management Tools presented by: George Vellidis for the Precision Farming Team National Environmentally Sound Production Agriculture Laboratory Part of Presentation given at Smart Farming, Putra Malaysia

2 Variability, What Variability? Peanuts, Spring 1997 Low altitude aerial photo of field TR03

3 The Power of the Yield Map 1996 peanut yield map Comparison of parasitic nematode incidence to peanut yield

4 Sequential Profit Maps corn map 1995 corn map 1996 peanut map 1997 $200 and above -$100 to $100 Field A10 Early County, Georgia -$200 and below

5 Grain Yield Monitors The first yield monitors Available commercially for at least 5 years At least 5 companies offering systems John Deere (GreenStar) Case IH (AFS Advanced Farming Systems) CLAAS Quantimeter AGCO FieldStar Ag Leader (independent) Micro Trak (independet)

6 Customized for more than 70 combines Reliable, user friendly, excellent support Display has multiple uses force plate yield sensor moisture sensor

7 PF3000 Display

8 Ag Leader force plate yield sensor Universal display can mark problem areas in or landmarks in fields touchscreen interface force plate yield sensor AFS display moisture sensor

9 John Deere B moisture sensor C - display A force plate yield sensor

10 Quantimeter Quantimeter Display Level Detector Paddle Wheel Claydon Yield-O-Meter volumetric grain yield monitor

11 AGCO Fieldstar terminal (standard on all combines) GPS control unit office PC & printer (not included) data card and data card reader implement computer

12 Interpreting Corn Yield Maps Yield bu/ac A variety change B drainage problems C low wet area D recently cleared land E end row compaction F soil type change G mechanical problem H grassed waterway

13 Malfunctioning Sprinklers 1998 Corn Yield Map Average Yield: bu/ac Area: 35.4 acres

14 Cotton Yield Monitors Used mostly in the U.S. and Australia Available commercially for the past 4 years At least 4 companies offering systems Agriplan/Zycom Ag Leader Farmscan Micro Trak

15 Early Commercial Systems Zycom Both commercially available systems evaluated 1997 &1998 MicroTrak

16 Zycom Uses 3 infrared light emitters and receptors per sensor Counts when cotton passing through duct breaks infrared beam Emitters

17 Micro-Trak closed unit open unit Graintrak Emitters Uses 8 infrared light emitters and receptors per sensor Counts when cotton passing through duct breaks infrared beam

18 Field Evaluation harvest with yield monitors empty into boll buggy weigh load

19 1998 Yield Maps Zycom MicroTrak aerial photo 63 acres Zycom Micro-Trak

20 Variety Testing by a Farmer 0-1/2 Bale ½-1 Bale 1-1½ Bale 1½-2 Bale 2+ Bale DPL 5415 RR DPL 5690 RR

21 Campbell Scientific Designed for crops which pass over a conveyor during harvesting Root crops potatoes, sugar beets, onions, horseradish, etc. (USA) Processing tomatoes (California) Grapes (Australia)

22 Campbell Scientific load cell supporting conveyor idler horseradish harvester Sensors Load cells Travel speed Belt speed Run/hold GPS potato harvester

23 Peanut Yield Monitoring System (PYMS) -- Profit Monitoring

24 PYMS Components 5k load cells data acquisition board palmtop computer swath width indicator Omnistar DGPS antenna junction box

25 Field Testing: Peanut Harvest digging harvesting harvesting

26 Field Testing: Emptying Basket

27 Field Testing: Weighing Four Intercomp 5000 kg portable scales Accuracy ±1% of total load Interconnect cable for totalizing and zeroing Sturdy, all aluminum, and self-contained

28 Tree Crops Pecans (similar to walnuts) Citrus (oranges and grapefruit)

29 Pecan Yield Monitoring Prototype monitor developed during 1998 Preliminary testing conducted over approximately 12 ha Initial data look promising but many issues yet to be addressed

30 Pecan Harvesting shaking the trees harvesting wind rows emptying harvesting trailer harvester conveyer and trailer

31 1998 Pecan Yield Map Mitchell County, GA November ha High Medium Low

32 Citrus Yield Monitoring Prototype monitor developed during 1999 by University of Florida Preliminary testing conducted over approximately 63 ha

33 Creating a Yield Map 63 ha aerial photo of orchard location of fruit tubs GPS event recorder

34 1999 Citrus Yield Map

35 Vegetable Yield Monitoring Just beginning to address in Georgia Many difficulties Market vegetables harvested manually by migrant laborers Laborers paid by amount harvested Harvesting procedures vary greatly from farm to farm

36 Who s Job Is It? It s the research community s responsibility to develop and evaluate yield monitoring technologies so that our clientele has assurance in these products.