Characterization of shoot and root traits of KDML105 CSSLs rice population at reproductive stage

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1 294 แก นเกษตร 43 ฉบ บพ เศษ 1 : (2558). KHON แก นเกษตร KAEN AGR. 43 J. ฉบ บพ เศษ 43 SUPPL. 11 : :(2558). (215). Characterization of shoot and root traits of KDML15 CSSLs rice population at reproductive stage Laeh Homsengchanh 1*, Chanate Malumpong 2, Theerayut Toojinda 3, Apichart Vanavichit 4 and Jonaliza L. Siangliw 3 ABSTRACT: Drought stress or water deficit at reproductive stage causes large effects on rice production which reduction in shoot and root dry matter yields and lower grain yields particularly in rain-fed lowland, The aim of this study was to characterize and compare shoot and root traits under control and drought stress conditions in KDML15 chromosome segment substitution lines or CSSLs. Under stress condition water was drained out at 6 days after sowing date. For 4 days after treatment, data were collected on tiller number (TN), panicle number (PN), plant height (PH), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), days to flowering75% (DF), leaf rolling score (LR), leaf relative water content (RWC), percentage of sterility (STT) and grain yield per plant (GY). The results showed that almost traits were significant in the population of both control and stress conditions. There was only no significant difference in days to flowering 75% while RWC and LR were found significant at stress conditions (P<.5). The line had highest TN (15), PN (7), PH (96 cm), SDW (235 g), RDW (2 g), DF (96 days), RWC (87%), GY (21 g) were CSSL1, CSSL1, CSSL3, CSSL2, CSSL24, CSSL16, CSSL26,CSSL12 and low LR (2), STT(16%) was CSSL14. Correlation analysis was found negative effect on LR vs RWC (R 2 =.53*) and STT vs RWC (R 2 =.57*). CSSL14 and CSSL26 had low LR score (2 and 2.3), low sterility (16.56% and 21.23%) and high water relative content (81.82% and 87.57%) respectively. This indicates differences in response of CSSLs population showed that indeed the introgressed portion of QTL were expressed and specific CSS lines can be further tested to study the gene involved in the expression of the QTL Keywords: Drought, Rice, CSSLs, shoot and root traits. 1 Plant breeding program, Graduate school, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng saen campus, Nakhon Pathom Faculty of agriculture at Kamphaeng saen, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng saen campus, Nakhon Pathom Rice gene discovery unit, BIOTEC, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng saen campus, Nakhon Pathom Rice science center, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng saen campus, Nakhon Pathom 7314 * Corresponding author: jsiangliw@gmail.com

2 KHON KAEN AGR. J. 43 SUPPL. 1 : (215). Introduction Rice is the most important food security crop and a primary source of food for Thai population, especially Khao Dawk Mali 15(KDML15) is the premium Thai jasmine rice and good cooking quality which mostly grown in the north eastern part of Thailand and recently productivity in this area is relatively low caused by a major problem called drought stress. The using of drought tolerance (DT) rice variety is a strategy for reducing negative influence of unpredictable drought. The genetically and physiologically complex of DT inherited in a quantitative manner and typically controlled by many genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that strongly influenced by environmental factors (Fukai and Cooper, 1995). To solve this problem, near isogenic lines of KDML15 which harbour various segments of QTL for drought tolerance located on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 8 and 9 (Toojinda et al, 2554) and CSSLs were developed by the researchers at Rice Gene Discovery Unit (RGDU, BIOTEC, Thailand) (Kanjoo et al., 28). This population was derived from a cross between KDML15 (drought sensitive) and DH13 (drought tolerant), DH212 (drought tolerant). Therefore, CSSLs will be candidate materials for further study to identify more accurately genetic regions for a complex trait such as drought tolerance. Thus the aim of this study is to characterize and compare shoot and root traits under control and drought stress conditions in KDML15 chromosome segment substitution lines or CSSLs. Materials and Methods A total set of 134 genotypes derived from a cross between two double haploid lines (DH and DH212) and KLML15 were used for this study of which a genotype come from each chromosome 1; 3; 4; 8 and 9 by 29,22,39,31 and 13 respectively; developed by Kanjoo, 211. The randomized complete block design was applied for the experiment lay-out at RGDU field with three replications and spacing was 25 cm X 25 cm intervals. There are two conditions; standing well water controlled field condition until maturity and under stress condition water was drained out when the rice plant at 6 days after sowing date. For 4 days data was on tiller number (TN), panicle number (PN), plant height (PH), day to flowering 75% (DF), percentage of sterility (STT), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), relative water content (RWC), leaf rolling score (LR), and yield per plant(gy). Analysis of phenotypic variances was carried out using the ANOVA procedure of the statistical analysis software program CropStat for Windows (version 7.2) to check the genetic variation based on the randomized complete block design. A least significant difference (LSD) level of P.5 was used to determine phenotypic variations among CSSLs compared with KDML15, use combine analysis for testing responses under drought condition compare with control condition and correlation analysis to look at relationship among traits. Result In this study both conditions there were found significant differences on almost traits to be measured P<.5, exception day to flowering 75% showed no significant difference on combined analysis.

3 correlation analysis to look at relationship among traits. 296 Result In this study both conditions there were found significant differences on almost traits43toฉบ beบพ measured แก นเกษตร เศษ 1 : (2558). P<.5, exception day to flowering 75% showed no significant difference on combined analysis. Figure 1 The weather under stress condition. 1/ Vapor pressure depression (VPD) 2/Figure 1 The weather under stress condition. Day after sowing (DAS) 1/ 2/ Vapor pressure depression (VPD) Day after sowing (DAS) Relative grain yield under stress condition 1 Percent( %) Chr1 Chr3 Chr4-4 Chr8 DH13 DH212 Chr9 KDML15 Figure 2grain Relativeyield grain per yield plant per plant under stress stress condition compared with KDML15 Figure 2 Relative under condition compared with KDML15. Print to PDF without this message by purchasing novapdf ( Yield under control 3 2 1

4 KHON KAEN AGR. J. 43 SUPPL. 1 : (215) Yield under control Figure 3 Grain yield per plant under control and stress conditions of CSSL population. 1 5 Yield under stress DH13 DH212 KDML15 Chrom1 Chrom3 Chrom4 Chrom8 Chrom9 Figure 4 Relationship correlation between leaf rolling, relative water content and sterility. The results indicated shoot and root traits decreased in stress and there was found significant differences in the population for both control and stress conditions exclude day to flowering. Significant difference in RWC and LR were found only at stress conditions. The present results agreed with those of Cruz et al. (1986) and Kramer (1969). CSSLs had higher RWC, low leaf rolling score and low sterility showed good performance than others was found, As a result, some characteristics such as high leaf relative water content and low leaf rolling score should be considered for varietal selection; there is not one complete trait for drought tolerance. Conclusion CSSLs had different segment from chromosome1 showed good performance than others was found, This indicates differences in response of CSSLs population showed that indeed the introgressed portion of QTL were expressed and specific CSS lines can be further tested to study the gene involved in the expression of the QTL Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge gratefully the National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) for the financial support extended to this project and deeply thank to the

5 298 แก นเกษตร 43 ฉบ บพ เศษ 1 : (2558). Rice Gene Discovery Unit and Kasetsart University kampheang saen campus is also acknowledged for its support during the experiment. References Toojinda, T., J.C. Siangliw, K. Punyawaew, and V. Kanjoo, V. Development of single QTL near isogenic lines (NILs) of KDML15 For drought tolerance. National Science and Technology Development Agenda (NSTDA), National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC). Fukai, S. and M. Cooper Development of droughtresistant cultivars using physio-morphological traits in rice. Field Crops Res. 4: Kamoshita, A., R. Chandra Babu, N. Manikabda Boopathi, and S. Fukai. 28. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of drought-resistance traits for development of rice cultivars adapted to rainfed environments. Field Crops Res. 19: Kanjoo V Development of Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines Related to Drought Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Ph.D thesis Kasetsart University Kampheang sean campus, Thailand. Kramer, p.k Water relation of plant. Academic Press, New York. R.T. Cruz, J.C. O toole, M. Dingkunh, E.B. Yambao, M. Thangaraj, and S.K. De Datta Shoot and Root Responses to Water Deficits in Rainfed Lowland Rice. Plant Physiology

Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Yield Components in Rice under Drought Condition

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Special Issue-7 pp. 4116-4122 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Correlation and Path Coefficient