AGRI GEN RES 049 EURIGEN PROJECT Genotyping for the Conservation and Valorization of European Rice Germplasm

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Cuthbert Morgan
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Germplasm Coordinator Rice Genomics Group Parco

gestion de peuplements de riz Montpellier France

fr NAGREF Cereal Institute Thermi Thessaloniki

htm CRA Unità di Ricerca per la Risicoltura

it Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica

1 AGRI GEN RES 049 EURIGEN PROJECT Genotyping for the Conservation and Valorization of European Rice Germplasm Coordinator Rice Genomics Group Parco Tecnologico Padano Via Einstein Lodi (Italy) CIRAD CA UR Création variétale et gestion de peuplements de riz Montpellier France NAGREF Cereal Institute Thermi Thessaloniki Greece CRA Unità di Ricerca per la Risicoltura Vercelli Italy Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Universidade Nova de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal NIAB National Institute of Agricultural Botany Cambridge UK NIAB UK A project co funded by the Commission of the European Communities for the period to in the framework AGRI GEN RES 870/2004

2 EURIGEN presentation outline EU rice production internal rice market in Europe EURIGEN project objectives scientific strategy conclusions and perspectives

3 Europe: rice germplasm for the temperate area 45 parallel Oryza sativa ssp. Japonica Oryza glaberrima Oryza sativa ssp. indica

4 EU rice production in Europe 27 approx ha are cultivated with rice Europe 27 produces approx. 3 Mtonnes of paddy rice/year (2008) the EU production represents 0,5% of the world production 90% of the EU rice production is for internal markets there are 5 major European rice producing countries (Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, Greece) Italy: 50% of the total production

5 EU rice market pro capite average European rice consumption is 5.2 kg the European rice market consists of long grain indica rice (imported from asian countries) and round to medium grain japonica rice (produced in EU countries) rice grain types produced in EU countries are specific for European dishes (e.g. rice salads, risotto, paella, rice based side dishes) rice produced in southern Europe is processed by the local food industry for home consumption and for export to northern Europe the value of the EU paddy rice internal market is estimated at approximately 1 b (2009)

6 EURIGEN PROJECT Genotyping for the Conservation and Valorization of European Rice Germplasm OBJECTIVES Characterisation and exploitation of European rice genetic resources of the temperate area for an enhanced competitiveness in rice production in terms of: conservation of rice germplasm biodiversity gene bank repository for élite alleles identification of genetic resources targeted at sustainable agricultural systems EURIGEN experimental integrated approach: detailed phenotyping in depth genotyping

7 Outline of the EURIGEN Project WP1 EURIGEN DB WP2 EURIGEN SEED STOCK EURIGEN PORTAL WP3 WP4 EURIGEN DNA BIOREPOSITORY FIELD based activities LAB based activities

EURIGEN Rice Germplasm Repository Seeds and Genetic Resources Laboratory Preservation and provision of European Rice Biological Resources for scientific applications

8 EURIGEN Rice Germplasm Repository Seeds and Genetic Resources Laboratory Preservation and provision of European Rice Biological Resources for scientific applications Conservation of EU rice biodiversity Repository of Rice Biological Reference Material Database and bioinformatics management Supply of seed stocks to EURIGEN partners

mechanisms of stress tolerance and pathogen resistance in rice European varieties create a DNA

9 A genomics approach to EU rice biodiversity An integrated genomics toolbox use of latest high throughput DNA technologies to identify genes responsible of controlling complex agronomic traits define molecular mechanisms of stress tolerance and pathogen resistance in rice European varieties create a DNA biorepository representing the genetic biodiversity of European rice varieties in the context of the worldwide rice distribution

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10 Asianorigingroup US origin group Genetic diversity of EU rice varieties

11 The 3 main targets of the EURIGEN project fungal pathogen resistance tolerance to water salinity growth in water-limited conditions

12 Water management in European rice cultivation water use in agriculture represents about 40% of the total water consumption in Europe the conventional rice flooding technique is very high water demanding continuous flooding cultivation takes about six times the water required by wheat approx. 48% of the irrigation water is generally lost through evapotranspiration water represents a major production cost for rice growers often rice producers have to face increasing competitive uses of water a significant reduction of water consumption could be obtained by developing rice varieties suitable to discontinuous irrigation in temperate climate conditions these growing conditions in aerobic soil will also contribute to the alleviation of methane emissions from rice

13 Water management: the EURIGEN approach Data generated in the framework of the FP6 EU project CEDROME (INCO CT ) suggest potentials for cultivation of rice in aerobicsoiland Water limited conditions in Europe The specific objectives of the EURIGEN project are: 1) identification of rice varieties adapted to grow in water limited conditions 2) definition of the genetic determinants for tolerance to dry soil in temperate rice 3) development of genetic markers for marker assisted breeding national programs

14 Agronomic assessment in water limited conditions

15 Rice culture in salty soils in Europe Mondego Tejo Sorraia Sado Portugal Italy France

16 Phenotyping EU rice for salt tolerance

17 Rice biotic stress: the blast disease losses in rice production, caused by diseases, pests and weeds account for up to 50% of the yield potential, despite current crop protection strategies pests and weeds are presently controlled with the use of pesticides and herbicides the use of these products causes environmental pollution and risks disrupting the natural ecosystem of the paddy area blast disease (caused by the fungal pathogen M. oryzae) is the major source of damage to rice culture across Europe in 2008 caused a yield loss estimated at 15% of the paddy rice EU production

18 Phenotyping EU varieties for resistance to blast disease complete resistance with no symptom resistance with brown necrosis spots partial resistance with a mixture of brown spots and grey lesions susceptibility with typical blast lesions high susceptibility with completely grey lesions - no brown border 70% of EU tested rice varieties are susceptible to M.grisea

19 0 0.5 R R R R R R R complete resistance MR resistance MS partial resistance S susceptibility HS High susceptibility Association analysis genotype blast resistance

EURIGEN web portal "Genotyping for the Conservation and Valorization of European Rice Germplasm", is a project financed by the European Commission DG Agriculture and Rural Development within the AGRI

20 EURIGEN web portal "Genotyping for the Conservation and Valorization of European Rice Germplasm", is a project financed by the European Commission DG Agriculture and Rural Development within the AGRI GEN RES program for conservation, characterisation, collection and utilization of genetic resources in agriculture. Project duration: 1st March th February 2010 Total cost: euro

21 EURIGEN conclusions and perspectives an integrated tool box for the genetic characterisation of EU rice germplasm was developped for the conservation of the European rice germplasm valorization of European varieties to be utilized in future breeding program for the selection of new varieties adapted to the climate and environmental conditions of the Mediterrenean areas selection of new rice varieties more competitive in the global market for yield production, broad spectrum and durable resistance to pathogens, tolerance to environmental stress conditions (water salinity, water limited conditions) creationof a set of molecular markers to be utilized in ongoing breeding programs at national level in EU rice producing countries (marker assisted breeding)

22 EURIGEN: impacts in European rice area contribute to the competitiveness of rice production in European countries (Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece, France) develop novel varieties adapted to the environmental/climatic changes and pathogen rapid evolution in Europe Integrate genetics and genomics approaches to traditional rice breeding programs contribute to coordinate scientific efforts at European level in the rice research and breeding sectors

23 AGRI GEN RES 049 EURIGEN PROJECT Genotyping for the Conservation and Valorization of European Rice Germplasm Coordinator Rice Genomics Group Parco Tecnologico Padano Via Einstein Lodi (Italy) CIRAD CA UR Création variétale et gestion de peuplements de riz Montpellier France NAGREF Cereal Institute Thermi Thessaloniki Greece CRA Unità di Ricerca per la Risicoltura Vercelli Italy Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Universidade Nova de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal NIAB National Institute of Agricultural Botany Cambridge UK NIAB UK A project co funded by the Commission of the European Communities for the period to in the framework AGRI GEN RES 870/2004

Sustainable and Environmental Friendly Rice Cultivation Systems in Europe. FACE-JPI meeting, Paris, 21 September 2015

Sustainable and Environmental Friendly Rice Cultivation Systems in Europe FACE-JPI meeting, Paris, 21 September 2015 Three sites in Europe: one floodplain and two river deltas 467 000 ha of rice in Europe