Chapter 2 Economy & Development

Transcription

1 Chapter 2 Economy & Development

2 Chapter 2 Economy & Development Section 2: The French Regime ( )

3 France s Economic Policy during the French Regime The economy in NF was based on Mercantilism An idea Keep the mother country wealthy Accumulate precious metals (gold, silver ) Exploit the natural resources of the colonies Exploit = use/take advantage of For our sake: Mother country = France Colony = New France

4 France s Economic Policy during the French Regime France would take natural resources from NF Furs, fish, timber, etc. Sell these resources in Europe and/or manufacture goods to sell in Europe AND back to NF in order to make a profit Fur clothing, furniture, etc. Colony (New France) Furs, fish, timber Fur clothing, Furniture Mother Country (France)

5 France s Economic Policy during NF s role in Mercantilism: Supply & Buy Supply the natural resources/raw materials Buy the finished products from the Mother Country Export furs/ buy fur hats the French Regime Fur hats from the late 1700s-early 1800s

6 Mercantilism & Triangular trade NF was not the only colony that was exploited by France France had colonies in the Caribbean These colonies also had to supply NF with natural resources NF and the Caribbean colonies also traded amongst each other The 3 connecting trade routes formed a TRIANGLE Triangular Trade 3 territories involved: France, New France, Caribbean

7 Mercantilism & Triangular trade The same things were traded back and forth between NF and France The Caribbean colonies sent tobacco, sugar cane, rum to France while manufactured goods were sold back to the Caribbean colony Meanwhile NF and the Caribbean colonies would trade amongst each other (see diagram on the next slide) Keep in mind that the slave trade was also a big part of the system slaves from Africa were used in both the Caribbean colonies and NF

8 Mercantilism & Triangular Trade Fish, timber

9 NF s Economy very Furry NF exported many different thing to France Timber Fish Fur However, FURS were the main export from NF to France = FUR TRADE IMPORTANT IN NF The economy was not diversified (not a lot of economic activities going on) New France and their exports in 1739

10 NF s Economy very Furry Agents involved in the fur trade FO hunters trap and process furs to be traded at trading posts Coureurs du Bois also acquired furs by bartering with FO groups and bring the furs to trading posts Merchants wealthy individuals who financed expeditions to get furs Fur trading companies developed the market to sell furs (in France) Where am I gonna get some of that sweet, sweet corn?

11 FURS Hunters or coureurs du bois trade furs to companies in New France (trading posts) Factories in France turned the furs into hats, clothing, etc. Hunters get Furs Goods like fur clothing sold back to New France and countries in Europe for profit $$$$$

12 How did the fur trade affect the First Occupants? The fur trade affected the FO in a few ways: Alliances were created French allied with the Huron group The British allied with the Iroquois European goods were sought after by the FO Metal tools, pots & pans Glass beads/ jewelry GUNS Alcohol Negative effects of European goods on FO society Alcoholism Guns are used to kill a greater number of people with FO society

13 How did the Fur Trade affect society? Remember: The fur trade required small amounts of people to operate The fur trading companies didn t want to give up land for settlement Women didn t really work in the fur trade = lack of women in NF All of these factors contributed to slow population growth in NF Fur trade = slow population growth

14 How did the Fur Trade affect society? So Lonely. Too many dudes A result of the Fur trade

15 How did the Fur Trade affect the territory of New France? Because of the fur trade: 1. Depletion of animals that provided furs 2. The need for furs grew 3. In order to secure for furs, the territory of NF expanded 4. NF set up trading posts/forts along waterways easy access to trade furs 5. Most of NF s territory was sparsely settled (small amount of people over a large territory)

16 How did the Fur Trade affect the territory of New France?

17 How did the Fur Trade affect the territory of New France? New France s territory large, but population is mainly concentrated along St. Lawrence river and parts of Louisiana New France s territory is littered with trading posts/forts

18 How did the Fur Trade affect the relations between the French & British Colonies? Both colonies had a claim in the fur trade Alliances with rival First Nations groups Battled for territory rich in furs These elements created a commercial rivalry between the 2 colonies leading to wars between them

19 Agriculture in New France A lot of time, money and energy was put into the Fur Trade However, most of the colonists/inhabitants of NF practiced the economic activity agriculture Land being cleared in New France

20 Agriculture in New France If farmers had a SURPLUS of agricultural products could be sold at a local market or market within a city Montreal At time, some surplus could be sent to France grains Public markets were developed because of the increase in farmers selling the surplus of agricultural goods

21 Agriculture in New France Artistic depictions of public markets in New France

22 Agriculture in New France Farming/agriculture in NF wasn t always about food Agricultural products were sometimes made into other products Grinding grain flour bread Hops brewing beer Hemp manufacturing clothing, sails and cordage Floor plan of New France s first large scale brewery 1686

23 Agriculture in New France Farming/agriculture had a big effect on the territory of New France Increase in cultivated land = increase in settled territory More mills were constructed because of the increase in grain production/need for flour Windmill in Pointe Claire Village

24 Agriculture in New France

25 Agriculture in New France

26 Jean Talon.. Not just populating the colony Jean Talon didn t just have to increase the population after 1663 he had to diversify the economy Before 1663 main focus on the fur trade Talon made attempts to bring other economic activities to NF Asked farmers to grow hemp and flax linen, rope, etc. Started up a large scale brewery Diversify farms increase in livestock

27 Other Efforts to Diversify the Economy Intendants that followed Jean Talon also tried to diversify the economy: Iron ore mining in the Mauricie region Shipbuilding and shipyard in Quebec City However, many of the efforts to diversify the economy did not work Above: shipbuilding in Quebec City Left: Canadian stamp with Jean Talon on it

28 Other Efforts to Diversify the Economy The Iron forges of St. Mauricie Hemp was used to make sails, rope, clothing

29 Other Efforts to Diversify the Economy Why did most of these efforts fail? Lack of specialized workers for trades (blacksmiths, carpenters, etc.) Minimal financial support from France to start up new industries (capital =$$$) Major focus on the Fur Trade MERCANTILISM didn t allow colonies to compete with the industries of the mother country

30 Artisans and the Rise of Cities As people in New France became more established financially materialism The need for things Start to see the artisan class small shops that manufactured goods Artisan = make things by hand from start to finish Furniture, wigs, jewelry, hats, etc. Craft activities These artisans would usually live in cities like Montreal Result = cities would grow in size

31 Artisans and the Rise of Cities Above: blacksmith shop Right: Men playing billiards

32 Connections to the Progressions of learning

33 Connections to the Progressions of learning

34 Connections to the Progressions of learning

35 Connections to the Progressions of learning

36 Connections to the Progressions of learning