SUR-421, Surgical Technology Pharmacology, 1 cr

Transcription

1 SUR-421, Surgical Technology Pharmacology, 1 cr COURSE DESCRIPTION: Provides information needed to calculate and handle drugs in the operating room. Provides an overview of the administration and general practice of anesthesia in surgery. Prereq: Surgical Technology (SUR-126); Coreq: Surgical Specialties (SUR-340) INSTRUCTOR: Melissa Carnahan, melissa.carnahan@kirkwood.edu Michael Sells, Michael.sells@kirkwood.edu REQUIRED MATERIALS: Snyder, Katherine and Keegan, Chris. Pharmacology for the Surgical Technologist. Elsevier. 3 rd Ed COURSE OBJECTIVES: UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY 1.1 Define terms and abbreviations related to pharmacology. 1.2 List sources of drugs and give an example of each. 1.3 List several drug classification subcategories. 1.4 Discuss medication orders used in surgery. 1.5 List the parts of a medication order. 1.6 Describe the drug distribution systems used in hospitals. 1.7 List types of drug forms. 1.8 Discuss the medication administration routes used in surgery. 1.9 Describe the four processes of pharmacokinetics Discuss aspects of pharmacodynamics Discuss international, federal and state roles in regulating drugs Define medication development and testing Discuss pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics Distinguish between brand, generic, and chemical medication names List information found on a medication label Obtain medication information from pharmacology resources Convert civilian time to military time Define terminology, abbreviations, and symbols used in basic mathematics and measurement systems Use fractions in conversions and calculations Read and write decimals accurately, 1.21 Use decimals in conversions and calculations Convert between fractions and decimals Define percentages Convert between percentages and decimals and between percentages and fractions Define ratios and proportions Use ratios and proportions to solve problems Convert temperatures between the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales Define the metric system of measurement and explain how it is used as the international standard Identify other systems of measurement and their medical applications.

2 1.30 Identify symbols of measurement, and measurement equivalents Describe the role of the surgical technologist in medication administration Explain the five rights of medication administration Describe the steps of medication identification Discuss aseptic techniques for delivery of medications to the sterile field State the procedure for labeling drugs on the sterile back table Identify supplies used in medication administration in surgery. UNIT 2 APPLIED SURGICAL PHARMACOLOGY-PART Define terminology related to antimicrobial therapy. 2.2 Discuss the purpose of antibiotic therapy in surgery 2.3 Describe various ways in which antimicrobials work. 2.4 Discuss antibiotic resistance. 2.5 List categories of antibiotics used in surgery and give examples of each. 2.6 Identify the category of various antibiotics. 2.7 Use drug resources to gather pertinent information on antibiotics. 2.8 Define contrast media, dyes, and staining agents. 2.9 Describe how contrast media are used in radiographic studies in surgery and give examples Describe how dyes are used in surgery and give examples Describe how staining agents are used in surgery and give examples State the general purpose of a diuretic Describe the physiology of the kidney Identify the anatomic structures of the nephron List diseases that use diuretics for management Describe the impact of long-term diuretic therapy on the patient about to undergo a surgical procedure Discuss the type of patient who may come to surgery on long-term diuretic therapy Differentiate between the purposes for long-term and short-term use of diuretics List the two most common diuretics administered intraoperatively and their purpose Define terminology related to the endocrine system List endocrine glands and hormones secreted by each State the purpose for administration of each hormone Describe medical and surgical uses for hormones List hormones that may be administered from the sterile field List surgical procedures that may require administration of hormones from the sterile field Discuss safety issues regarding the use of epinephrine from the sterile field. UNIT 2 APPLIED SURGICAL PHARMACOLOGY-PART Define terms related to blood coagulation and medications that affect coagulation. 3.2 Describe the physiology of blood clot formation. 3.3 List agents that affect coagulation by category. 3.4 Identify the category of various agents that affect coagulation. 3.5 State the purpose of each category of medications that affect coagulation. 3.6 Describe the action of medications that affect coagulation. 3.7 List uses, routes of administration, side effects, and contraindications for agents that affect coagulation. 3.8 Describe the impact of preoperative oral anticoagulant therapy on the surgical patient.

3 3.9 List examples of surgical procedures in which agents that affect coagulation may be administered Compare and contrast administration route, onset of action, antagonist, and purpose of parenteral and oral anticoagulants List the administration route for each medication that affects coagulation Discuss aspects of heparin dosing from their sterile back table Describe the basic anatomy of the eye Define terminology related to ophthalmic medications State the purpose of each category of ophthalmic medications List examples of ophthalmic medications in each category Identify category of ophthalmic agents Describe how ophthalmic agents are used in surgery Identify categories of medications used to treat glaucoma Briefly describe the physiology of fluid loss in the surgical patient List fluid electrolytes and their functions crucial to homeostasis Define terms and abbreviations related to fluid replacement State objectives of parenteral fluid therapy in surgery List common intravenous solutions and their purposes in surgery List supplies needed to start an intravenous line List basic functions and types of blood State average adult circulating volume and blood, hemoglobin and hematocrit values List the formed elements present in blood Define terms and abbreviations related to blood Briefly describe antigen or antibody interactions in blood types List and describe indications for blood replacement in the surgical patient List available options for blood replacement Describe components of whole blood used for replacement Define autologous and homologous blood donation Describe the process of intraoperative Autotransfusion List and describe volume expander solutions used in surgery List and describe oxygen therapeutics used in clinical trials Describe the procedure for blood replacement in surgery using donor blood from the blood bank List and describe fluids used as irrigation solutions in surgery List and describe supplies and equipment used for irrigation Define terms and statistics related to cancer Discuss different types of abnormal cell growth List the classifications of antineoplastic agents Define targeted cancer therapy Describe biologic response modifiers Describe gene therapy in the treatment and prevention of diseases Discuss the epidemiology of cancer and the most prevalent carcinogen in the United States Discuss nanotechnology and its application in medicine and pharmacology List new types of agents being researched for cancer therapy.

4 UNIT 3 ANESTHESIA 4.1 Define terminology related to preoperative medications. 4.2 Identify the purpose of preoperative anesthesia evaluation. 4.3 List sources of patient information used for preoperative evaluation 4.4 List the components of preoperative evaluation. 4.5 Identify classifications of preoperative medications. 4.6 Identify the purpose of each group of preoperative medications. 4.7 State examples of medications in each classification. 4.8 Define terminology related to patient monitoring and anesthesia. 4.9 Describe types of patient-monitoring devices Compare and contrast local and regional anesthesia List surgical procedures that may be performed under local or regional anesthesia Identify common agents used in local anesthesia and regional anesthesia Discuss the use of epinephrine in local anesthetic agents Describe types of regional blocks Define terminology related to anesthesia Discuss indications for general anesthesia Identify anesthesia equipment Explain the basic components of a general anesthetic List methods of inducing general anesthesia Define the phases of general anesthesia Discuss options for airway management Describe the process of endotracheal intubation Discuss the concept of awareness under anesthesia Identify categories and purposes of agents used in general anesthesia List agents used to accomplish general anesthesia in each category Identify generic and trade names of common agents used in anesthesia State the phase of anesthesia in which various agents are administered Compare and contrast depolarizing and nondepolarizing muscle relaxants Define terminology related to emergency situations Identify emergency situations associated with anesthesia Identify medications used in emergency situations State the purpose of drugs used in emergency situations Identify the category of specified emergency medications Discuss the role of the surgical technologist during a cardiac emergency in surgery List clinical signs of malignant hyperthermia Outline the basic course of treatment for malignant hyperthermia Discuss the role of the surgical technologist in a malignant hyperthermia crisis. GRADING CRITERIA: Exams x 4 50% Homework x 16 45% Quizzes x 4 5%

5 COURSE POLICIES: Late Work/Make-up Test Policy: Assignments are to be turned in by 5:00 on or before the due date. Assignments must be submitted via Angel. No late assignments will be accepted for credit. All exams will be Perception computerized testing. Exams are open for one week, unless otherwise noted on the schedule. Any exam not taken within the dates listed on the course schedule will be an automatic 0 for that exam. Exams will be reopened only if technical difficulties occur or at the instructor s discretion. KIRKWOOD S PLAGIARISM AND STUDENT POLICIES: