Management Information Systems (MIS)

Transcription

1 Management Information Systems (MIS) Maria-Iuliana Dascalu, PhD University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Engineering in Foreign Languages

2 Course Schedule and Logistics 2 hours of lectures per week 2 hours of application once at 2 weeks Grading: 40% 1 project in ADONIS (in groups of maximum 2 students) 20% 1 ppt presentation of 20 minutes on a given subject (in groups of maximum 2 students) 40% 1 written study for the presentation on a specific template (in groups of maximum 2 students) or exam (individually!!!) To pass: At least 4.5 in total At least half of the available points for each component

3 The Presentation Possible subjects: Survey on Big Data Analytics Platforms, Social Media at Work, Decision Support Systems Concept, Trends and Challenges, Survey on Mixed Reality Tools.(a list will be provided on my website next Saturday)

4 The Written Study In IEEE Computer Society format: Word template: Latex template: At least 4 full pages, but no more than 6 full pages Example: At least 7 references: The paper has to be sent by , with the subject [MIS STUDY] your names (in an editable form and in a pdf form) You will receive a feedback (additional changes might be ask, which have to be done till the exam day - the study has to be re-sent by till the exam day)

5 References Management Information Systems - MANAGING THE DIGITAL FIRM, by Kenneth C. Laudon, Jane P. Laudon, Ahmed Elragal (2013) Management Information Systems (8th Edition), by Raymond McLeod, George Schell Essentials of Business Information Systems (7th Edition), bykenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon, Pearson Prentice Hall Lecture notes: (password: ondina)

6 Introduction In every day, we use information generated by an information system (e.g. surfing the web, withdrawing money, asking for an report) Nowadays, computer based system generates lots of information

7 What is a system? A group of interrelated components working together towards a common goal, by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized transformation process (dynamic system)

8 Concepts related to Information Systems (IS) Data: stream of raw facts representing events (occurring in an organization) on the physical environment before being structured so the people can understand and use them Information: data which is meaningful and useful to human beings Computer based information systems: information systems that rely on computer hardware and software for processing and disseminating information Organization: a formal collection of people and various other resources established to accomplish a set of goals

9 IS Definition IS collects, stores, and disseminates information from an organization s environment and internal operations to support organizational functions and decision making, communication, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization. IS provides a solution to a problem or challenge facing a firm and provides real economic value to the business.

10 Information can be: Resource (input to the production of output) Asset (contributing to the production of output) Commodity (can be sold)

11 Information should be:

12 Sources of Information Personal information sources, which provide information through contact with sales staff, customers, suppliers, distributors, bankers, etc. Impersonal information sources, which range from general publications (e.g., reports on the current situation, bank and official entity reports, specialized journals) to specific studies (e.g., market research, opinion studies, consultants reports

13 IS Concepts

14 Context of IS

15 Typical Components of IS Hardware. Computer hardware, such as processors, monitors, keyboard, and printers, but also sensors, tracking devices etc. Software. These are the programs used to organize, process and analyze data. Databases or related. Information systems work with data, organized into tables/files/repositories. Network. Different elements need to be connected to each other, especially if many different people in an organization use the same information system. Procedures. These describe how specific data are processed and analyzed in order to get the answers for which the information system is designed.

16 Functions of IS Data capture and collection Storage Information processing Distribution or dissemination of information

17 IS in the Value Chain Model The value chain covers all the activities a company undertakes in order to offer a product or service.

18 Why IS are so essential in business today? Business today use IS to achieve 6 major objectives: operational excellence new products, services, and business models customer/supplier intimacy improved decision making competitive advantage day-to-day survival IS have become essential for helping organizations operate in a global economy. All core business processes are digitally enabled.

19 Business Processes and their Relationship to IS A business process is a logically related set of activities that define how specific business tasks are performed. A business can be viewed as a collection of business processes. IS can help organizations achieve greater efficiencies by automating parts of these processes or by helping organizations redesign and streamline them.

20 Types of IS General vs specialized (e.g. DBMS vs. ERP, GIS)

21 Types of IS Transaction processing systems: Keep track of basic activities and transactions of organization (e.g., sales, receipts, cash deposits, payroll, credit decisions, flow of materials in a factory). Management information systems and decision-support systems: Help with monitoring, controlling, decision making, and administrative activities.

22 Business Intelligence and Business Intelligence Systems Business intelligence Data and software tools for organizing and analyzing data Used to help managers and users make improved decisions Business intelligence systems Management information systems Decision support systems Executive support systems