Fundamentals of Information Technology Lecture 5 : Information

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1 Fundamentals of Information Technology Lecture 5 : Information

2 Session Structure Session Objectives Data vs. Information What is an Information System? Attributes of Information Quality Major Roles of Information Systems Types of Information Systems Systems Development Life Cycle Summary

3 Session Objectives Explain the difference between Data and Information Explain why knowledge of information systems is important for business professionals and identify five areas of information systems knowledge they need. Give examples to illustrate how E-business, electronic commerce, or enterprise collaboration systems could support a firm s business processes, managerial decision making, and strategies for competitive advantage.

4 Session Objectives Provide examples of real world information systems, including the people, hardware, software, data, and network resources that compose them. Provide examples of several major types of information systems from your experiences with business organizations in the real world. Identify several challenges that a business manager might face in managing the successful and ethical development and use of information technology in a business.

5 Data vs. Information

6 Data vs. Information Information is data which has been processed or put into some kind of context A date is data 11/11/1945 A name is data John Smith A place name is data Sligo An event type is data Birth But put all four together, and you now have information that John Smith was born on Nov 11 th 1945 in Sligo that s information.

7 Data vs. Information West Charles Mann TM Shoes Monthly Sales Report for West Region Sales Rep: Charles Mann Emp No Item Qty Sold Price TM Shoes 1200 $100

8 An IS Framework for Business Professionals

9 What is an Information System? Control of ofsystem Performance Input of of Data Resources Processing Data Output of of Information Products Storage of ofdata Resources

10 Components of an Information System

11 Attributes of Information Quality

12 Logical Data Elements Name Field Payroll Record Payroll File Personnel Database

13 Major Roles of Information Systems Support of Strategic Advantage Support of Managerial Decision Making Support of Business Operations

14 History of the role of Information Systems Data Processing Management Reporting Decision Support Strategic & End User Electronic Commerce Electronic Data Processing - TPS Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems - Ad hoc Reports End User Computing Exec Info Sys Expert Systems SIS Electronic Business & Commerce -Internetworked E-Business & Commerce

15 The Internetworked -Business The Internet Suppliers and Other Business Partners Procurement, Distribution, and Logistics Company Boundary Extranets Engineering & Research Manufacturing and Production Accounting, Finance, and Management Intranets Advertising Sales Customer Service Extranets Consumer and Business Customers

16 Types of Information Systems Information Systems Operations Management Support Support Systems Systems Transaction Process Enterprise Management Decision Executive Processing Control Collaboration Information Support Information Systems Systems Systems Systems Systems Systems

17 Other Categories of Information Systems Expert Systems Knowledge Management Systems Functional Business Systems Strategic Information Systems Cross-Functional Information Systems

18 The Information Systems Development Process

19 Management Challenges around IT IS Human Resources IS Development Business Strategies Business Processes Business Needs IT Infrastructure IS Performance Customer Relationships Business Partners Suppliers Business Customers Organization Structure and Culture User Acceptance Ethical Considerations Potential Risks? Potential Laws? Possible Responses?

20 Chapter Summary Information Systems play a vital role in the efficient and effective operations of E-Business, E-Commerce and enterprise collaboration. The business professional must know: Foundations (fundamentals) of IS Information Technologies Business Applications Development Processes; and Managerial Challenges

21 Chapter Summary (cont) A system is a group of interrelated components working toward the attainment of a common goal by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized transformation process. An information system uses the resources of people, hardware, software, data, and networks to perform input, processing, output, storage and control activities.

22 Chapter Summary (cont) IS Resources: Hardware Resources Software Resources People Resources Data Resources Network Resources Products: Paper Reports Visual Displays Multimedia Documents Electronic Messages Graphics images Audio Responses

23 Chapter Summary (cont) Information systems perform three vital roles in business firms. They support: Business processes and operations, Business decision making; and Strategic competitive advantage Major application categories of information systems include: Operations Support Systems; and Management Support Systems

McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 1 2 Foundations of Information Systems in Business 3 Learning Objectives Explain why knowledge of information systems is important for business professionals and identify five key areas of information