STUDY GUIDE CHAPTER 10

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1 STUDY GUIDE CHAPTER 10 True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Nonprofit organizations are formed to accomplish social, political, or charitable goals that do not include amassing profit. 2. Tactical planning emphasizes long-range and future goals. 3. Most modern transaction processing systems use batch processing, which is an interactive method in which each transaction is processed as it is entered. 4. Data collected by a transaction processing system (TPS) can be used by a DSS (Decision Support System) to create reports that managers can use to make routine business decisions in response to structured problems. 5. An information system progresses through several phases as it is developed, used, and finally retired; these phases encompass the HPC. 6. Planning management software helps managers track and visualize the complex interactions between tasks. 7. A DSS can be used to help people make a decision by manipulating and analyzing data and creating statistical projections and data models. 8. Computerized information systems can become obsolete. 9. Unit testing is usually performed in a test area. 10. Computers embedded in robots are used extensively on large construction projects in the United States. 11. Most information systems rely on computers and communications networks to store, process, and transmit information with far more efficiency than would be possible with manual systems. 12. An information system must support the needs of people who engage in many different organizational activities. 13. A semi-structured problem is more routine than a structured problem. 14. A small business might require several information systems to be integrated into an enterprise information system to support a variety of business activities. 15. A batch system uses a commit or rollback strategy to ensure each transaction is processed correctly. 16. A DSS can be used to tackle diverse problems because it contains a good selection of decision support tools. 17. The SDLC provides a general outline of how an information system evolves. 18. In the SDLC, the goal of the activities in the planning phase is to create a list of requirements for the new or revised information system. 19. MRP is an ongoing, iterative process that helps businesses rethink and radically redesign practices to improve performance. 20. Many projects fail because of constant, unmanaged demand for changes, a phenomenon often referred to as feature creep.

2 21. During the implementation phase of the SDLC, both new software and new hardware may be purchased to construct the new information system. 22. After unit and integration testing are completed, system testing is used to ensure that all hardware and software components work together correctly. 23. Direct conversion avoids some of the risk of parallel conversion because the old system remains in service while some or all of the new system is activated. 24. Acceptance testing is designed to verify that the new information system works as required. 25. The cutover phase of the SDLC involves the day-to-day operation of the system, making modifications to improve performance and correcting problems. 26. The maintenance phase of the SDLC is the least expensive part of the cycle. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 27. If you start the process of withdrawing cash from an ATM, but the machine jams and you don't get any cash, the system's should ensure that your account is not charged for the failed transaction. a. fail-safe mode c. commit or rollback strategy b. batch processing d. fuzzy logic 28. A(n) problem requires that human intuition be the basis for finding a solution. a. structured c. unstructured b. semi-structured d. pre-structured 29. A report containing the total sales from the last quarter is an example of a(n) report. a. decision c. ad hoc b. exception d. summary 30. Which software alternative provides the most flexibility, but is typically very expensive? a. Creating from an application c. Using commercial software development tool b. Creating from scratch d. Using a turnkey system 31. All of the following are activities that take place during the implementation phase EXCEPT. a. purchasing and installing software c. creating applications b. making data backups d. testing applications 32. Which of the following conversion strategies completely deactivates the old system and immediately activates the new system? a. System conversion c. Pilot conversion b. Direct conversion d. Parallel conversion 33. Which of the following is an activity within the maintenance phase? a. Testing applications c. Helping users b. Data modeling d. Converting data 34. A typical TPS generates reports. a. detail c. ad hoc b. exception d. summary

3 35. A(n) is a group of people working together to accomplish a goal. a. business c. organization b. mission d. aggregate 36. Every organization has a goal or plan that is often referred to as its. a. Web site c. master directive b. mission d. organizing principle 37. A(n) depicts the hierarchy of employees in a typical organization. a. mission statement c. roster b. strategy table d. organizational chart 38. are the people who directly carry out an organization's mission by, for example, assembling products, selling merchandise, or answering phones. a. Managers c. Workers b. CEOs d. Associates 39. The purpose of planning is to set incremental goals that can be achieved in a year or less. a. tactical c. operational b. strategic d. futuristic 40. As a low-level manager at your company, you are responsible for activities that make the day-to-day operation of the business run smoothly, like ordering office supplies and creating work schedules. What type of planning are you responsible for? a. operational planning c. strategic planning b. tactical planning d. analysis 41. Which of the following best describes the process referred to as operational planning? a. Planning an organization's long-range goals for profitability. b. Identifying incremental goals that can be achieved in a year or less. c. Completing activities that make day-to-day systems run smoothly. d. Planning an organization's long-range goals for market share. 42. As a buyer for a local dress store, you are responsible for choosing next season s stock. Today you decided to include a selection of Asian-inspired dresses in your fall line based upon fashion trends and your own intuition. What type of problem did you handle? a. A structured problem. c. An unstructured problem. b. A schedule problem. d. A semi-structured problem. 43. Some information systems store or provide access to generated by sources outside the organization. a. external information c. internal information b. online information d. real-time information 44. systems use a commit or rollback strategy to ensure that each transaction is processed correctly. a. TQM c. OLTP b. ERP d. JIT 45. As a manager, you are responsible for managing inventory. Every month you receive a low inventory report that lists stock items that have fallen below a minimum reorder point. This report is a type of. a. executive report c. summary report b. ad hoc report d. exception report 46. A(n) report is a customized report, generated to supply specific information not available in scheduled reports. a. additional c. ad hoc b. exception d. detailed

4 47. A(n) report combines, groups, or totals data. a. exception c. ad hoc b. aggregate d. summary 48. Ad hoc reports are sometimes referred to as reports. a. summary c. scheduled b. exception d. demand 49. You are reviewing a cash-flow model of your business, which is designed to provide a numerical representation of a realistic situation. What type of tool are you using? a. an MIS table c. a decision model b. a decision query d. a neural network 50. A(n) helps people make decisions by directly manipulating data, analyzing data from external sources, generating statistical projections, and creating data models of various scenarios. a. DSS c. TPS b. BPR d. MIS 51. A is a numerical representation of a realistic situation, such as a cash-flow model of a business that shows how income adds to cash accounts and expenses deplete those accounts. a. decision master c. decision model b. decision matrix d. decision index 52. A is a question or set of instructions describing data that must be gathered to make a decision. a. decision model c. decision scale b. decision query d. decision request 53. A DSS typically includes modeling tools to help managers create a numerical representation of a situation and explore "what-if" alternatives. Which of the following is an example of such a tool? a. spreadsheet c. expert system b. database d. Web site 54. In an expert system, a(n) engine analyzes the available data by following the rules in its knowledge base. a. inference c. reference b. difference d. expert 55. A systems analyst is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT. a. analyzing information requirements b. supervising the implementation of new information systems c. creating a development methodology d. creating specifications for application software 56. A Project Development Plan includes all of the following EXCEPT. a. description of project scope b. justification for the project c. performance reviews of all project team participants d. schedule for the project 57. The technique is based on the idea that the best information systems are designed when end users and systems analysts work together as equal partners. a. MRP c. RFP b. EID d. JAD

5 58. In a JAD, users and analysts jointly identify problems and look for solutions. a. session c. mission b. group d. department 59. In the planning phase of the SDLC, a(n) is assigned to analyze and develop the information system. a. RFP team c. mission team b. project team d. beta team 60. In the PIECES framework, a exists when an information system does not respond quickly enough to users or takes too long to complete processing tasks. a. response problem c. control problem b. processing problem d. performance problem 61. is a method for analyzing the time needed to complete each project task and identifying the minimum amount of time needed to complete the total project. a. Just in Time (JIT) b. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) c. Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT) d. Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP) 62. A breaks a complex task into a series of subtasks. a. work breakdown structure (WBS) c. legend b. PERT diagram d. Gantt chart 63. A uses bars to show the timing of development tasks as they occur over time. a. progress chart c. WBS chart b. Gantt chart d. PERT chart 64. elements are arranged to show which tasks must be completed before subsequent dependent tasks can begin. a. PERT chart c. Gantt chart b. WBS chart d. Beta chart 65. The goal of the of the SDLC is to produce a list of requirements for a new or revised information system. a. planning phase c. design phase b. analysis phase d. implementation phase 66. In the of the SDLC, the project team must decide how the new system will fulfill the requirements specified in the System Requirements Report. a. design phase c. analysis phase b. planning phase d. implementation phase 67. With, processing tasks are shared by servers and workstations. a. automated processing c. amortized processing b. turnkey processing d. distributed processing 68. A processing model is one in which data is processed on a centrally located computer. a. fundamental c. main b. distributed d. centralized

6 69. Which of the following would be a reason an organization would choose to use a programming language to create an information system from scratch? a. This approach does not require development time and expertise. b. The software produced might not exactly match business needs. c. This approach can be used to make a solution tailored to system requirements. d. This option would limit developers in the way they implement some system features. 70. Which of the following is TRUE with regard to turnkey systems? a. They require maximum effort to select and set up equipment and software. b. They require time and expertise to evaluate. c. They require more time than programming languages. d. They can be exactly tailored to meet system requirements. 71. might be chosen during the design phase of the SDLC because it requires little or no programming, and thus requires minimal development time. a. Industrial software c. Custom software b. Commercial software d. Trade software 72. A(n) is a request for a formal price quotation on a list of hardware and software. a. RFP c. RFQ b. BDG d. SDLC 73. A project team submits an RFQ to vendors when it knows all of the following EXCEPT. a. make of the equipment needed c. titles of the software packages needed b. model of the equipment needed d. price of the software needed 74. A(n) is issued by a project team when it wants vendors to recommend hardware and software for the solution they have chosen. a. RFP c. RFD b. RFQ d. RFT 75. Which of the following should be considered when reviewing a vendor s RFP? a. the vendor s reliability c. the vendor s financial stability b. the vendor s expertise d. all answers are correct 76. In terms of software, serve as a blueprint for the new system. a. hardware requirements c. turnkey systems b. custom software d. application specifications 77. In the design phase of the SDLC, the project team. a. chooses a solution b. selects hardware and software c. designs detailed application specifications d. all answers are correct 78. Many projects fail because of constant, unmanaged demand for changes, even before the system is implemented. This failure to constrain change is often referred to as. a. concatenation c. feature creep b. preapproval d. redevelopment 79. is the process of modifying a commercial application to reflect the needs of a particular organization. a. Software customization c. Software tailoring b. Software regeneration d. Software alteration

7 80. testing is performed to ensure that software modules operate together correctly. a. Incorporation c. Integration b. Assimilation d. Amalgamation 81. You are planning to migrate your business from its current information system to a new, more efficient information system. Your business has several branches, each of which has its own independent information processing system. What type of conversion would be appropriate in this situation? a. pilot conversion c. direct conversion b. parallel conversion d. acceptance conversion 82. Which quality of service (QoS) metric is defined as the number of errors occurring in a particular time interval for a particular function? a. response time c. user levels b. accuracy d. capacity 83. Which quality of service (QoS) metric is defined as the amount of time a system is not available for processing? a. capacity c. downtime b. accessibility d. throughput 84. A metric is a technique for measuring a specific characteristic by monitoring system performance and analyzing responses to user satisfaction surveys. a. PIECES c. programming b. quality-of-service (QoS) d. satisfaction 85. The three key concepts that ensure good quality of service from a computer system include all of the following EXCEPT. a. reliability c. availability b. cost d. serviceability 86. Computer systems are when they can be counted on to function correctly. a. available c. reliable b. serviceable d. high-performing 87. refers to the ability of the system to be continuously accessible to all the people who use it. a. Serviceability c. Reliability b. Availability d. Performance 88. Systems exhibit when they are easily upgraded or repaired. a. availability c. accessibility b. serviceability d. reliability 89. Which quality of service (QoS) metric is defined as the amount of data processed in a particular time interval? a. throughput c. downtime b. accuracy d. capacity 90. A(n) installs new versions of operating system software and modifies operating system settings to ensure maximum performance. a. applications programmer c. systems programmer b. system operator d. database analyst 91. Many organizations establish a to handle end-user problems. a. user desk c. system desk b. help desk d. processing desk

8 92. A common threat to the data stored on a corporate information system is an act of war, which includes all of the following EXCEPT. a. bombings c. cyberterrorism b. viruses d. human error 93. Multi-level authentication is an example of a security measure in the category. a. corrective procedure c. preventative countermeasure b. deterrent d. detection activity 94. Antivirus software is an example of a security measure in the category. a. detection activity c. preventative countermeasure b. deterrent d. corrective procedure 95. To avoid downtime, one of the most basic requirements for a data center is a. a. UPS c. detection system b. power grid d. security sampler 96. The key to a is an that looks like it originated from a legitimate company. a. pharming scam c. thieving scam b. phishing scam d. mining scam 97. An enterprise-wide disaster recovery plan should do all of the following EXCEPT. a. minimize immediate damage and prevent additional losses b. ensure the safety of people on the premises c. temporarily suspend critical business operations d. facilitate effective coordination of recovery tasks 98. In the corporate world, a symbolizes a company, its products, or services. This typically includes a name, trademark, and logo. a. brand c. mission b. reputation d. definition 99. All of the following are guidelines to help corporations deal with identity theft EXCEPT. a. monitor domain name registration c. keep scams from happening to customers b. educate customers d. manage URLs 100. With current technologies, corporations have no way to lock down their branding elements. a. HTTP c. URI b. FTP d. UML