Perforated Plasterboards July 2005 CI/SfB 41 (22.3) Rr2. Apertura. Sound absorption with a unique seamless finish

Transcription

1 Perforated Plasterboards July 2005 CI/SfB 41 (22.3) Rr2 Apertura Sound absorption with a unique seamless finish

2 Knauf Drywall - delivering solutions to meet customer needs Knauf Drywall is one of the country s leading suppliers of gypsum based materials, with two major manufacturing sites in the UK. UK manufacturing facilities are set up to adapt quickly to changing requirements and to offer maximum flexibility to suit specific needs. All production has the assurance of quality to BS EN ISO 9001: Knauf is a family owned company with approximately 18,000 employees worldwide. Founded originally in Germany in 1932, Knauf entered the UK market in 1988 and was rebranded Knauf Drywall in Contents Perforated Apertura: Circular 10 Perforated Apertura: Random 12 Perforated Apertura: Square 13 Patterned Apertura: Square 14 Patterned Apertura: Slotted 15 Installation Procedure: Board 17 Installation Procedure: Ceiling 20 Installation Procedure: Wall Liner 23 Case Studies 26 2

3 Knauf Apertura Perforated & Patterned Plasterboards Knauf Apertura combines the sound absorption performance and attractive design of perforated gypsum board with a unique seamless finish. Seventeen different styles, two fleece colours and the Uniflott tapeless jointing system offer the designer complete creative freedom and a quality of finish that simply cannot be achieved with tiles. Acoustic performance Knauf Apertura plasterboards are used in conjunction with the Knauf Apertura Ceiling and Wall Liner systems to ensure optimum performance. Aesthetic solutions Knauf Apertura plasterboards are jointed using the tapeless Knauf Uniflott system. This unique system provides a highly desirable seamless finish which is both quick and easy to achieve, allowing the pattern to flow throughout the room. :: Class C and D sound absorption qualities :: Total creative flexibility allowing unique effects to be achieved :: Proven system used throughout Europe :: Different fleece colours to suit all designs Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 3

4 Unique Seamless Finish Knauf Apertura uses a combination of four precision-cut edges and the strong Knauf Uniflott tapeless jointing system to provide the stunning seamless finish that is unique to this system. A special fixing tool is provided to ensure alignment of circular perforated boards, creating a mesmerising effect over long runs. Uniflott application kits make it simple to create the seamless finish. Image Reference Main: Audi Forum, Piccadilly Middle: Home Office, London Bottom: Daimler Chrysler Building, Berlin 4

5 Stylish Solutions for sound absorption Every Knauf Apertura ceiling provides a Part E Class D sound absorption performance with a void depth of just 60mm. A Class C performance can be achieved with many of the designs. See pages for details. Retail centres, office complexes, hospitals, schools, showrooms and galleries are typical examples of where Knauf Apertura has been used to provide a striking design feature with superior sound absorption to create a high quality environment. Image Reference Bottom: Audi Forum, Piccadilly Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 5

6 All the benefits of Knauf Plasterboard Image Reference Audi Forum, Piccadilly Whilst offering a far wider range of design opportunities and sound absorption properties, Knauf Apertura offers the usual refinements of Knauf plasterboard and Knauf Drywall s renowned customer and technical service. :: Superb quality :: Durable :: Easy to install :: Systems for Ceilings and Walls :: Manufactured from non-combustible gypsum :: First class Technical Support 6

7 Knauf Apertura Range: Acoustic Performance and Aesthetics Combined All Knauf Apertura Perforated plasterboards are supplied with four sharp cut edges to enable the unique seamless finish to be achieved when jointed with Knauf Uniflott. For straight-line perforation boards a fixing tool is provided to ensure the perforations are accurately lined up and to control the gap between the boards (see page 17). The fixing tool is not required for square and random perforations but it is recommended that a Uniflott application kit is used for all types of board. Image Reference Bürgersaal, Germany Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 7

8 Knauf Apertura Knauf Apertura boards are manufactured from high quality gypsum with a purity of not less than 95%. This makes them light, strong and easy to cut. High quality paper liners provide an excellent backing for direct decoration. Stringent quality control procedures apply to the manufacturing process, in full compliance with DIN Limitations Knauf Apertura boards are not suitable for areas which are subject to extremes of temperature or humidity. Temperatures over 50 o C can induce a change in state in the board which would reduce its physical performance and serviceability. Humidity over 90% or subjection to excessive moisture will also reduce the serviceability of Apertura board. Storage on site Knauf Apertura boards are supplied on pallets. Packs should be lifted with a forklift truck and stacked not more than one high on a flat surface to preserve stability. They should be stored in a clean, dry environment. Note: If handling manually, consider risks as required by Manual Handling regulations Health and Safety Both Apertura board and metal must be cut to length and this should be done in well ventilated areas paying attention to the cut edges of the metal sections which may be sharp. Knauf Apertura boards are not classified as hazardous under CHIP3 Regulations 2002 and the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations An on-site risk assessment should be carried out prior to use. For the latest full Material Safety Data Sheets on the specific products, please refer to themanual. Fire performance Knauf Apertura boards are designated as Class O under the Building Regulations 1991, Approved Document B. They also meet BS 476: Part 6: 1989, with fire propagation index I=12 and under BS 476: Part 7: 1987, surface spread of flame, are designated Class 1. At the time of publication, new European norms for product standards under the Construction Products Directive are being finalised, and it is anticipated that these will co-exist with the British Standards until 2007, when they will supercede them. Sitework Knauf plasterboards must be installed in full accordance with Knauf Drywall s recommendations and those of BS 8212: 1995 and BS 8000: Part 8: Fleece Knauf Apertura plasterboards are supplied pre-laminated with a 45g/m 2 fibre fleece, in a choice of white or black depending on the desired visual effect. Edge Profiles Apertura Perforated and Acoustic Square Four sharp-cut edges Apertura Acoustic Slot Four half-round edges HORIZONTAL EDGE VERTICAL EDGE Image Reference Main: School building, Germany Facing: Auditorium, Germany HRK FK 8

9 Perforated :: Circular straight line perforation (5 designs) :: Circular double perforation (2 designs) :: Circular random perforation (2 designs) :: Square straight line perforation (2 designs) Patterned :: Square pattern (3 designs) :: Slotted pattern (3 designs) Customer Service Technical Service Website 9

10 Perforated Apertura: Circular CIRCULAR 6/18* 8.7% Width = 1188mm Length = 1998mm Weight = 10.7 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Circular 6 /18, 400mm Class D Circular 6 /18, 400mm with quilt Class D Circular 6 /18, 60mm Class D Circular 6 /18, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration 1:1 scale CIRCULAR 8/18* 15.5% Width = 1188mm Length = 1998mm Weight = 9.9 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Circular 8 /18, 400mm Class D Circular 8 /18, 400mm with quilt Class C Circular 8 /18, 60mm Class D Circular 8 /18, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration 1:1 scale CIRCULAR 10/23* 14.8% Width = 1196mm Length = 2001mm Weight = 9.9 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Void Depth HZ Perform. Class Circular 10 / 23, 400mm Class D Circular 10 / 23, 400mm with quilt Class C Circular 10 / 23, 60mm Class D Circular 10 / 23, 60mm with quilt Class C *Illustration not to scale 10

11 Perforated Apertura: Circular CIRCULAR 12/25* 18.1% Width = 1200mm Length = 2000mm Weight = 9.6 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Circular 12 / 25, 400mm Class D Circular 12 / 25, 400mm with quilt Class C Circular 12 / 25, 60mm Class D Circular 12 / 25, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale CIRCULAR 15/30* 19.6% Width = 1200mm Length = 1998mm Weight = 9.3 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Circular 15 / 30, 400mm Class D Circular 15 / 30, 400mm with quilt Class C Circular 15 / 30, 60mm Class D Circular 15 / 30, 60mm with quilt Class C *Illustration not to scale CIRCULAR 8/12/50* 13.1% Width = 1200mm Length = 2000mm Weight = 10.2 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Circular 8 / 12 / 50, 400mm Class D Circular 8 / 12 / 50, 400mm with quilt Class D Circular 8 / 12 / 50, 60mm Class D Circular 8 / 12 / 50, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 11

12 Perforated Apertura: Circular / Random CIRCULAR 12/20/66* 19.6% Width = 1188mm Length = 1980mm Weight = 9.4 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Circular 12/20/66, 400mm Class D Circular 12/20/66, 400mm with quilt Class C Circular 12/20/66, 60mm Class D Circular 12/20/66, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale RANDOM 8/15/20* 9.9% Width = 1200mm Length = 1875mm Weight = 10.5 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Random 8/15/20, 400mm Class D Random 8/15/20, 400mm with quilt Class D Random 8/15/20, 60mm Class D Random 8/15/20, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale RANDOM 12/20/35* 9.8% Width = 1200mm Length = 1875mm Weight = 10.5 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Random 12/20/35, 400mm Class D Random 12/20/35, 400mm with quilt Class D Random 12/20/35, 60mm Class D Random 12/20/35, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale 12

13 Perforated Apertura: Square SQUARE 8/18* 19.8% Width = 1188mm Length = 1998mm Weight = 9.4 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Square 8/18, 400mm Class D Square 8/18, 400mm with quilt Class C Square 8/18, 60mm Class D Square 8/18, 60mm with quilt Class C *Illustration 1:1 scale SQUARE 12/25* 23.0% Width = 1200mm Length = 2000mm Weight = 9.2 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Square 12/25, 400mm Class D Square 12/25, 400mm with quilt Class C Square 12/25, 60mm Class D Square 12/25, 60mm with quilt Class C *Illustration 1:1 scale Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 13

14 Patterned Apertura: Square ACOUSTIC SQUARE TYPE B4* 17.7% Width = 1200mm Length = 2400mm Weight = 9.6 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Square B4, 400mm Class C Square B4, 400mm with quilt Class C Square B4, 60mm Class D Square B4, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale ACOUSTIC SQUARE TYPE B5* 13.0% Width = 1200mm Length = 2400mm Weight = 9.6 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Square B5, 400mm Class D Square B5, 400mm with quilt Class C Square B5, 60mm Class D Square B5, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale ACOUSTIC SQUARE TYPE B6* 18.9% Width = 1200mm Length = 2400mm Weight = 9.6 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Square B6, 400mm Class C Square B6, 400mm with quilt Class C Square B6, 60mm Class D Square B6, 60mm with quilt Class C *Illustration not to scale 14

15 Patterned Apertura: Slotted ACOUSTIC SLOT TYPE B4* 13.7% Width = 1200mm Length = 2400mm Weight = 9.6 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Slot B4, 400mm Class D Slot B4, 400mm with quilt Class D Slot B4, 60mm Class D Slot B4, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale ACOUSTIC SLOT B5* 10.9% Width = 1200mm Length = 2400mm Weight = 9.6 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Slot B5, 400mm Class D Slot B5, 400mm with quilt Class D Slot B5, 60mm Class D Slot B5, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale ACOUSTIC SLOT TYPE B6* 15.7% Width = 1200mm Length = 2400mm Weight = 9.6 kg /m 2 White Fleece: Black Fleece: Slot B6, 400mm Class D Slot B6, 400mm with quilt Class C Slot B6, 60mm Class D Slot B6, 60mm with quilt Class D *Illustration not to scale Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 15

16 Installation Procedure :: Apertura board page 17 :: Ceiling system page 20 :: Wall Liner page 23 16

17 Apertura Board Installation The Apertura installation instructions are split into installing the Apertura boards themselves, and how to install the different support frameworks for wall and ceiling applications. Careful installation and jointing of the Apertura boards is essential to ensure a seamless finish and to achieve a continuous and captivating pattern. The instructions in this document, the engineered quality of the products and our purpose designed installation kits combine to make installation simple. The Knauf Installation Kit consists of two assembly aids with nodules to fit the relevant perforation and a Uniflott applicator comprising tubing with plastic nozzle and pistons which can be used on both sides. Uniflott applicators are also available separately. First row of boards Line in centre of room Second row of boards Diagonal Straight Installation Kits are only required for the following Apertura designs: Circular 6/18, 8/18, 10/23, 12/25, 15/30, 8/12/50, and 12/20/66. Note Always control the overall image with a building line through the straights and diagonals of the rows of perforations. Lay perforated boards on cross joints. Perforation Size Channel Centres Weight Board Length (mm) Board Width (mm) Walls (mm) Ceilings (mm) Board Weight +Ceiling System Straight-Line Circular Perforation Alternate Circular Perforation Random Circular Perforation 6/ kg/m 2 8/ kg/m 2 10/ kg/m 2 12/ kg/m 2 15/ kg/m 2 8/12/ kg/m 2 12/20/ kg/m 2 8/15/ kg/m 2 12/20/ kg/m 2 Straight-Line Square Perforation 8/ kg/m 2 12/ kg/m 2 Acoustic Square B4, B5, B kg/m 2 Acoustic Slot B4, B5, B kg/m 2 Customer Customer Service 0800 Service Technical Technical Service Service technical@knauf.co.uk Technical technical@knauf.co.uk Service Website Website 17

18 Installation Procedure - Boards Cutting Apertura When cutting Apertura take care not to damage the fibre fleece. Apertura can be scored with a knife and snapped, or cut with a saw. Treating the Edges Edges should be lightly chamfered on the edge using a standard hand sander with 90 grade sandpaper. Perforated Board Markings Knauf Apertura Plasterboards with straight and staggered perforations are marked in red and blue on the cut edges. When fixing the boards ensure that the edge marked red on one board is placed next to the edge marked blue on the adjacent board. This is the same for both the long and short edges. Set the spacing between the perforations Control the perforation format by sighting out the straight and diagonal lines of the rows of perforations. Set the perforation spacing using the assembly aid where required. A 3mm gap is left between boards for jointing purposes. Fixing the perforated boards Prior to fixing consider the frieze effect required around the perimeter of the ceiling or wall (see page 19). Knauf Drywall recommend that a three man team is used for installation work. Ceilings: Set out the Apertura Ceiling System as described on pages ensuring the correct channel spacings are used to suit the board perforation and size. When fixing the boards, start in the middle of the room and work outwards. 25mm Knauf Drywall Screws should be used at maximum 200mm centres, placed carefully between the perforations as necessary. Apertura boards are fixed perpendicular to the lower ceiling channels. Align the first board in the middle of the ceiling and fix as described above. Offer up the next board ensuring that the boards are correctly lined up and fix, starting with the edge adjacent to the first board. Continue fixing boards in this manner, starting with the long edges and then with the short edges, until the ceiling is completed. Walls: Set out the Wall Liner system as described on pages ensuring that the correct channel spacings are used to suit the board perforations and size. When fixing the boards, start at one end of the lining and work along. 25mm Knauf Drywall Screws should be used at maximum 300mm centres, placed carefully between perforations as necessary. Apertura boards are fixed parallel to the vertical Apertura C Channels. Align the first board as described above and fix. Offer up the next board ensuring that the boards are correctly lined up and fix, starting with the edge adjacent to the first board. Continue in this manner until the wall is completed. Lightly chamfer the board edges Cut edges are colour coded for correct alignment Using the special tool to align the boards 18

19 Installation Procedure (continued) Frieze options a) Flush-jointing to plasterboard - Prior to fixing the Apertura boards, fix a minimum 100mm wide strip of 12.5mm Square Edge Knauf Wallboard to the perimeter framework. Chamfer the edge of the Wallboard where it meets the Apertura board and leave a 3mm gap ready for jointing with Uniflott. b) Flush-jointing to Apertura - Fix the Apertura board as described above, continuing to the perimeter. Mark out the desired position of the frieze with a chalk line, and fix low stick masking tape to the inside. Any holes remaining within the frieze area can then be filled with Uniflott to create a smooth surface. c) Raised feature using plasterboard - Fix the Apertura board as described above, continuing to the perimeter. To create the raised frieze, fix a strip of 12.5mm Square Edge Knauf Wallboard, at least 100mm wide, on top of the Apertura, through to the perimeter framework. Cleaning the joints After completion of the assembly, clean the joints with a damp brush until no dust remains. Jointing When using the applicator, cut the nozzle to suit the joint width and squeeze together slightly at the end to allow the nozzle to penetrate to the full depth of the joint. Once filled with Knauf Uniflott the applicator can be used in a standard sealant gun to completely fill the joints. Uniflott is a chemical drying compound and will set in approximately 90 minutes so ensure that the applicator is rinsed out with water after use. When the Uniflott has stiffened in the joints remove any excess with a jointing knife, being careful not to damage the paper. Once the Uniflott has fully set apply a second coat with a standard jointing knife in order to ensure a flush joint is achieved. This stage is critical to achieving a perfect seamless finish so care should be taken to ensure the joints are completely filled, applying a further coat if necessary. If any of the perforations have become filled during jointing, clean them out carefully before the Uniflott has set. Tip: Use a quality low stick masking tape to cover the perforations either side of the joint, prior to the application of Uniflott. Once the joints are completely filled and set, sand to a flat and even finish. Decoration Apply an undiluted coat of Knauf Wallboard Primer to the entire surface to equalise the suction levels between the joints and boards. The surface can then be decorated using a foam rubber roller. Cleaning the joints prior to jointing Jointing using the Uniflott applicator Carefully removing the excess Uniflott Sanding the filled joint Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 19

20 Knauf Apertura Ceiling System Introduction The Knauf Apertura Ceiling System uses fast drywall construction techniques. The system can accept some degree of loading from items such as light fittings, access hatches etc. However, heavier items may require additional hangers and/or channels to accommodate additional loads. Consult Knauf Drywall Technical Services on for detailed advice. This system is designed specifically for use with Knauf Apertura boards to create the rigidity required for the seamless finish. The use of other support frameworks may allow movement causing joints to crack, and may not provide sufficient space between perforations when screw fixing. Apertura boards are fixed onto a double lightweight metal framework of Knauf Apertura C Channels and Knauf Apertura U Channels, suspended by angle sections fixed to the structural soffit with soffit cleats. Design Considerations This section identifies the areas that require careful consideration prior to installation. For further details, contact Knauf Drywall Technical Services on Suspension Ensure the background is suitable to support the weight of the suspended ceiling and any additional fixtures. Access Hatch Consider the need for an access hatch and any additional framework required. Surface Fixings The weight and leverage of any fixing prior to construction should be considered. Support for Joints in Outer Facings To back joints in outer board layers Knauf Fixing Channel or Knauf Flat Fixing Plate should be fitted across the face of all Knauf Apertura C Channels, secured with 2 Knauf Wafer Head Jackpoint Screws per C Channel. Corners, Intersections and Abutments To accommodate corners, intersections and abutments additional Knauf Apertura C Channels will be required. Fixings Ensure Knauf Drywall Screws are of appropriate length to allow minimum penetration of 10mm through steelwork. Movement Control Joint Movement control joints are generally recommended at maximum 10m intervals in straight ceiling runs. They should also be installed to coincide with any movement joints in the structure. Knauf Movement Control joints provide up to 7mm of lateral movement. Services Special requirements due to large ducts or services in the ceiling void may be required. Where services or ducts penetrate, simple details maintain the integrity of the ceiling. Insulation Where insulation has been specified to achieve a specific sound absorption performance, 25mm Knauf Crown Acoustic Partition Roll should be used. Components Knauf Angle Used to form bulkheads, and to fix soffit cleat to primary support channel. Knauf Apertura U Mounting Brackets An optional fixed hanger which is screw-fixed directly to the structural soffit. Knauf Apertura C Channel Forms the main supports. Knauf Apertura C Channel Connector For connecting straight lengths of C Channel. Knauf Apertura Channel Intersection Connector Locates and connects C Channels. Knauf Apertura U Channel Perimeter Channel providing support at the junction of ceiling to wall. Knauf Soffit Cleat Soffit Cleat to fix Knauf Angle to structural soffit. Knauf MF Nut and Bolt For fixing Angle to Soffit Cleat. 20

21 Installation Procedure General Knauf Apertura Ceiling System must be installed in accordance with Knauf Drywall s recommendations and the recommendations of BS 8212: 1995 and BS 8000: Part 8: Perimeter Channel Knauf Apertura U Channels should be secured to the walls at the required heights, with fixings at maximum 600mm centres and 50mm from ends of channels. The top of the Knauf Apertura U Channel should align with the underside of the upper Knauf C Channel. Knauf Apertura U Channels forming the perimeter do not need to be joined to the upper Knauf Apertura C Channels, but should be tightly butted together. Suspension Select the fixing centres suited to the ceiling loading. (See Loading Information below). Fix Knauf Soffit Cleats to the structural soffit with suitable fixings. Knauf Angle is used to join the Knauf Soffit Cleat to the upper C Channels. Upper C Channels The centres of the upper Knauf Apertura C Channels depend on the loading requirements. (See Loading Information table below). Knauf Angle should be fixed staggered to either side of the upper Knauf Apertura C Channel using two Knauf Jackpoint Wafer Head Screws. The upper Knauf Apertura C Channels should lay on the upper flange of the perimeter channel. Lower C Channels The lower Knauf Apertura C Channels should be positioned within the perimeter channels to coincide with the abutments of the boards, which will be fixed later. For lower channel centres refer to the table on page 17. Connect the lower Apertura C Channels to the upper Apertura C Channels by means of Knauf Apertura Channel Intersection Connectors. These connectors fit over the upper Apertura C Channels and snap-fix into the lower Apertura C Channels. Movement Control Joints Create movement control joints where ceiling runs exceed 10m, coinciding where possible with movement joints in the surrounding structure. Note: Appropriate PPE should be worn. Fixing perimeter channel Attaching Knauf Angle to joists Fixing Knauf Angle to Upper Apertura C Channel Loading Information Total load including weight of ceiling system (kg/m 2 ) - This includes any additional lighting/ventilation system Fixing centres for: Suspension Hanger (mm) Upper C Channel (mm) Connecting Lower and Upper Knauf Apertura C Channel with Knauf Apertura Channel Intersection Connectors Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 21

22 Knauf Apertura Ceiling System - Application Details Section through Ceiling Basic assembly of the Apertura Ceiling System. Structural Soffit Knauf Angle Upper Knauf Apertura C Channel Knauf Apertura Channel Intersection Connector Lower Knauf Apertura C Channel Knauf Apertura board Abutment to Wall Support at the ceiling perimeter is provided by Apertura U Channels, screw-fixed to walls level with the lower Apertura C Channels. This detail shows fixing to a masonry substrate.when fixing Apertura U Channels to the wall care should be taken to ensure that the selected fixing is suitable for the substrate in question. Knauf Apertura U Channel perimeter support Knauf Angle Upper Knauf Apertura C Channel Knauf Apertura Channel Intersection Connector Lower Knauf Apertura C Channel Knauf Apertura board 22

23 Knauf Apertura Wall Liner Introduction Knauf Apertura Wall Liner can be applied to the majority of masonry backgrounds, depending on the condition, to a maximum height of 4000mm. For higher linings, contact Knauf Drywall Technical Services on Knauf Apertura Wall Liner is specifically designed for use with Knauf Apertura boards to create the rigidity required for the seamless finish. The boards are fixed onto a lightweight metal framework of Knauf Apertura C Channels fixed to Knauf U Mounting Brackets and Knauf Apertura U Channels. The system provides a variable stand-off from the wall of between 30 and 125mm. This makes it capable of overriding substantial irregularities in the background. Pre-treatment of the background is not required. Under good building practice, however, any deleterious deposits such as mould, oil or grease, should be removed as a precaution. Design Considerations This section identifies the areas that require careful consideration prior to installation. For further details contact Knauf Drywall Technical Services on Vertical Studs Extra rigidity can be achieved by reducing the centres of the Knauf U Mounting Brackets to below 900mm. Surface Fixings The weight and leverage of any surface fixings should be considered prior to construction. Knauf Flat Fixing Plate, Knauf Fixing Channel or timber noggins should be added as required. Support for Horizontal Joints in Facings Knauf Fixing Channel or Knauf Flat Fixing Plate should be fitted across the face of all channels, secured with 2 Knauf Wafer Head Jackpoint Screws per stud, to support horizontal joints in outer board layers. Corners, Intersections and Abutments Consider the need for additional channels to accommodate corners, intersections and abutments. Also check the fire and sound ratings of abutting systems. Fixings Ensure Knauf Drywall Screws of appropriate length are used to allow minimum penetration of 10mm through the metal framework. Movement Control Joint Movement control joints are generally recommended at maximum 10m intervals in straight lining runs. They should also be installed to coincide with any movement joints in the structure. Knauf Movement Control Joints provide up to 7mm of lateral movement. Services The cavity between the background and the lining may be used to conceal services. Where services or ducts penetrate, simple details maintain the integrity of the lining. Eye Level Patterns Patterns at eye level over a distance should be broken at regular intervals (for example, by filling perforations with Knauf Uniflott) to avoid unwanted optical effects that may confuse the eye. Components Knauf Apertura C Channel Wall lining channel used as the main component in the Knauf Apertura Wall Liner System. Knauf Apertura C Channel Connector For connecting straight lengths of C Channel. Knauf Apertura U Channel Forms the floor and head track in the Knauf Apertura Wall Liner system. Knauf Apertura U Mounting Bracket Locates C Channel to background support. Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 23

24 Installation Procedure General Knauf Apertura Wall Liner must be installed in accordance with Knauf Drywall s recommendations and the recommendations of BS 8212: 1995 and BS 8000: Part 8:1994, where relevant. Preparation Mark guidelines on the floor and soffit to establish the positions of the floor and head tracks relative to the stand-off distance required. Mark vertical guidelines on the background to establish the Knauf Apertura C Channel positions. (See table on page 17). Depending on the required storey height, mark the wall with the location of intermediate Knauf U Mounting Brackets in line with the channel guidelines and at maximum 900mm vertical centres. Position service runs and outlets. Perimeter Knauf Apertura U Channels should be used for the head and base along the guidelines using fixings appropriate for the background. Fix at maximum 600mm centres. Vertical C Channels Fix the intermediate Knauf Apertura U Mounting Brackets to the background, at the marked positions, using fixings appropriate for the background. Offer up the Knauf Apertura C Channels to engage with the Knauf Apertura U Mounting Brackets and in the floor and head tracks. Extend the length of Knauf Apertura C Channels, where necessary, by using Knauf Apertura C Channel Connectors. Adjust the channels for position and alignment. Secure the Knauf Apertura C Channels to the Knauf Apertura U Mounting Brackets using Knauf Waferhead Jackpoint Screws. Depending on the stand-off distance, bend back the legs of the crimped U Mounting Brackets so as not to obstruct the fixing of the Apertura board. Fix Knauf Angle Sections at external corners and reveals where appropriate. Insulation Install insulation quilt where required between and behind the vertical Knauf Apertura C Channels. Care should be taken to avoid breaks in the insulation where possible for continuity, and to prevent the insulation from slumping in the cavity. Fixing Apertura U Channel to the soffit Marking position for Apertura U Channel Fixing Knauf Apertura U Mounting Brackets Fixing Apertura C Channels to the U Mounting Brackets 24

25 Knauf Apertura Wall Liner - Application Details Head and Floor External Corner Knauf Apertura U Channel Knauf Apertura C Channel secured to Knauf Apertura U Mounting Bracket Knauf Apertura U Mounting Bracket with leg snipped and bent to retain channel Knauf Apertura board 25 x 25mm Knauf Angle used as reinforcement Internal Corner Knauf Apertura board Knauf Apertura U Mounting Bracket secured to background and screw-fixed to channel Knauf Apertura C Channel 25 x 25mm Knauf Angle Knauf Apertura C Channel secured to Knauf Apertura U Mounting Bracket Knauf Apertura U Mounting Bracket with leg snipped and bent to retain channel Knauf Apertura U Channel Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 25

26 Apertura was specified because the architects wanted something that was aesthetically pleasing. The random pattern of this board is different from anything else on the market. - Michael Dyett, Contracts Director, Hatmet Ltd Case Studies London s first all-new government building in a decade, the Home Office in Marsham Street, utilises Apertura perforated plasterboard ceilings to create an aesthetically pleasing working environment. In addition to the 45,000m 2 complex for 3,400 civil servants, the landmark Home Office Building is a focus for mixed-use regeneration of the surrounding area. The building was designed and constructed by Bouygues UK, Ecovert FM and HSBC Infrastructure. The Apertura plasterboard provides a stunning finish and looks excellent in a large open plan environment such as the Home Office. - Neil Hamblin, Gillespies UK Ceilings subcontractors Gillespies UK Ltd and Hatmet Ltd installed about 7,000m 2 of Apertura to complement the high quality aesthetic requirements of the building. Apertura not only achieves an attractive finish but also provides high performance acoustic absorption and minimises reverberation. Apertura Strikes a Chord at Wales Millennium Centre Apertura perforated plasterboard was given a key role at the Wales Millennium Centre after architects Capita Percy Thomas selected it as the ceiling finish in the principal public areas of the building. The 31,500m 2 centre is an acclaimed performing arts complex on Cardiff Bay s waterfront. It boasts two theatres, two dance studios, residential accommodation, recording studios, shops, cafes and restaurants and function rooms. The main contractor was Sir Robert McAlpine. Bristol-based subcontractors GHT Plastering Services Ltd installed 2,000m 2 of Apertura circular 8/18 plasterboard in the 10-13m high ceilings of the centre s north and south concourses. These have restaurants, shops and theatre entrances. They provide meeting places where visitors can watch impromptu free music and drama performances and enjoy the arts in a relaxed, informal setting. 26

27 Audible Success at Audi Showrooms Apertura perforated plasterboard has become the ceiling of choice as part of the specification for Audi s most recent World-wide corporate identity. Apertura is now featured in 40 Audi showrooms around the UK, including its flagship, the Audi Forum in Piccadilly, London. Chosen for its aesthetics as well as its acoustic performance, Apertura provides a unique seamless ceiling that is visually appealing and significantly reduces reverberated sound, making for a pleasant business environment. The Audi Forum was created as part of a total refurbishment of an existing building and also contains an exhibition centre, a conference venue and an internet café. Apertura is one of the special building materials used in the refurbishment to achieve a superior, distinctive finish. ITC Concepts installed Apertura plasterboard as the ceiling in the main and basement showroom areas of the Audi Forum. Apertura enabled us to achieve an impressive ceiling consistent with the specification and it was easy to use. As the plasterboard is perforated we had to be mindful of the light fittings in the ceiling and ensure the perforations lined up properly. However, the Apertura plasterboard was straightforward to cut and enabled us to accomplish a neat finish around the lights. - Chris Gardiner, ITC Concepts Technical Expertise Knauf Drywall s specification team is able to offer advice and guidance from the design stage, right through to providing on-site support to the contractor during the installation phase. This is backed up by an experienced phone-based technical support team, comprehensive literature and an award-winning website You can contact Knauf Drywall Technical Services on Customer Service Technical Service technical@knauf.co.uk Website 27

28 Further information is contained within The Complete Drywall Manual, available online at our award winning website: together with a range of interactive tools to aid the specifier and contractor. July 2005 Ref: AP1-01 Customer Service Freephone: Freefax: cservice@knauf.co.uk Technical Service Tel: Literature Tel: Website Knauf Drywall PO Box 133 Sittingbourne Kent ME10 3HW Tel: (01795) Fax: (01795) Knauf Drywall Factory Locations Ridham Dock Sittingbourne Kent Queens Road Immingham N.E. Lincolnshire Copyright Knauf Drywall 2004 The information given in this document is believed to be current and accurate as at the date of publication, but no warranty express or implied is given. Updates will not be automatically issued. As part of our policy of continuous product development, we reserve the right to revise specifications without notice. The information given in this publication is provided for guidance only and is correct to the best of our knowledge and belief. It is inevitably generalised and users should satisfy themselves as to the suitability for the specific circumstances in which they seek to apply it.