Design and Architectural Services BRICK MASONRY PRESENTATIONS

Transcription

1 BRICK MASONRY PRESENTATIONS ** - HSW credit offered Available AIA Program Titles Water Penetration Resistance in Brick Veneer ** Exploring the Many Advantages of Big Brick IECC and Masonry Compliance Options** Brick Manufacturing and Specifications Sustainable Design in Clay Masonry ** Introduction to Thin Brick Systems** Exterior Paving with Clay Masonry Basics of Brickwork Detailing** Avoiding Cracks in Brickwork** How to Pick the Right Brick Brick Plant Tour Upcoming Seminar Availability Adding Interest with Brick Shapes (9/5) Brick Veneer with Metal Stud Backup** (9/19) Cleaning Brick Masonry (9/26) Basics of Manufactured Stone Veneer (10/5) Restoration of Clay Masonry** (10/12) Non-AIA Programs Available Thin Tech Adhered Veneer Solutions (9/12) Each program listed above is a PowerPoint presentation. Every effort is made to limit each presentation to one hour in length, which includes a question and answer period after the presentation. However, actual program length may vary, based on audience participation during the slide presentation. Each presentation satisfies 1 AIA learning unit. Revised 8/16

2 BRICK MANUFACTURING AND SPECIFICATIONS Brick has been used as a building material for centuries. As a result, brick are often thought to be a relatively easy material to manufacture. On the other hand, we expect much more of the brick manufactured today: a wider range of colors, tighter tolerances, and greater durability of both molded and extruded brick. Brick manufacturing is a science unto itself. This presentation focuses on how brick are made, including discussion regarding: appropriate raw material, forming of brick units, surface colors and textures, firing and testing of brick units to ensure a durable finished product. The focus then turns to specifications. Discussion will include: the purpose of ASTM Standards, differences between face brick, building brick, paving brick and hollow brick specifications, and various durability and appearance characteristics (including a detailed comparison between face brick and paving brick characteristics). We will discuss compressive strength, absorption characteristics, and dimensional tolerances, along with how these characteristics should be specified. Molded versus Extruded How each is formed and how such formation affects appearance and durability. Core Holes and Frogs How do they affect final design and why they are included in manufacture. Finished Faces When are brick shapes needed to ensure that all exposed brick faces are finished? Saturation Coefficient What is a C/B ratio and how does it affect durability. Initial Rate of Absorption vs. Absorption How does each affect durability? Pavers Why the required minimum compressive strength varies between molded and extruded when specified according to ASTM C902

3 IECC AND MASONRY COMPLIANCE OPTIONS This presentation addresses changes in the building code concerning energy efficiency, fire safety and their impact on masonry wall construction from air barriers, insulation, anchors and veneer. Topics included in this presentation are -- Energy Efficiency Goals US Department of Energy goal to reduce energy consumption in new buildings through adoption by states, counties and municipalities of new building codes including ASHRAE Standard the US standard that provides minimum requirements for energy efficient designs for buildings. Most recent edition of the ASHRAE Standard is Driving Forces AIA 2030 Challenge, IBC-International Building Code (commercial code), USGBC-US Green Building Council and other organizations supporting energy goals Compliance Paths Prescriptive versus performance compliance with the new codes. Energy Efficiency Strategies Reducing air infiltration and increasing thermal resistance in buildings. NFPA 285 Standard Fire Test Method for Evaluation of Fire Propagation Characteristics of Exterior Non-Load-Bearing Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components Code Changes New code requirements impact on typical wall systems for anchored and adhered masonry.

4 BASICS OF BRICKWORK DETAILING Water penetration is responsible for many of the problems encountered in masonry walls today. The successful performance of a masonry wall depends on limiting the amount of water penetration and controlling any water that does enter the wall system. Water penetration resistance and control in brick veneer is the focus of this presentation. The concept behind the brick veneer drainage wall is discussed in detail, as well as, the proper materials to specify in order to maximize a wall's water penetration resistance. The various elements and materials which make up a building are in a constant state of motion. All building materials expand and contract due to changes in temperature; some materials move with changes in moisture content. Each building material also changes dimensions due to stress and some materials tend to flow when subjected to sustained loads. These major causes of movement: thermal, moisture, deflection and creep, along with the proper way to control these movements are the focus of this presentation. Workmanship What to expect from the mason. Airspaces Why is the airspace so important and what are the minimum requirements for proper performance. Colorless Coatings When should they be used? Are they always effective? Flashing and weepholes Which types are most effective? Expansion Joints, Control Joints, Building Expansion Joints Is there really a difference, or is it just semantics. Joint Spacing Is there an appropriate Rule of Thumb - or can such a rule lead to cracking? Compressible fill Where should it be used and why. Shelf angle details What must occur at shelf angles to allow for the expected movements?

5 WATER PENETRATION RESISTANCE IN BRICK VENEER Water penetration is responsible for many of the problems encountered in masonry walls today. The successful performance of a masonry wall depends on limiting the amount of water penetration and controlling any water that does enter the wall system. Water penetration resistance and control in brick veneer is the focus of this presentation. The concept behind the brick veneer drainage wall is discussed in detail, as well as, the proper materials to specify in order to maximize a wall's water penetration resistance. Once the concept is explained proper treatment of each detail in the wall system falls into place as discussion continues with various wall conditions; including, base flashing, shelf angle conditions, wall openings, and parapets. Discussion includes: Which details work to keep moisture out of the wall--and which do not, which mortar type is best for specific applications, how to keep efflorescence to a minimum, and where flashing and weepholes should be placed to be most effective. Workmanship What to expect from the mason. Airspaces Why is the airspace so important and what are the minimum requirements for proper performance. Colorless Coatings When should they be used? Are they always effective? Wall cap details Why are parapets so often a problem? Flashing and weepholes Which types are most effective? Mortar What is the real difference between masonry cement and Portland cement lime mortar?

6 AVOIDING CRACKS IN BRICKWORK The various elements and materials which make up a building are in a constant state of motion. All building materials expand and contract due to changes in temperature; some materials move with changes in moisture content. Each building material also changes dimensions due to stress and some materials tend to flow when subjected to sustained loads. These major causes of movement: thermal, moisture, deflection and creep, along with the proper way to control these movements are the focus of this presentation. Proper detailing and installation of movement joints, reinforcement, and brick veneer wall movement as a whole, is discussed in detail. Discussion also includes: The difference between expansion joints and control joints, proper spacing of movement joints, and how to hide these joints. Expansion Joints, Control Joints, Building Expansion Joints Is there really a difference, or is it just semantics. Joint Spacing Is there an appropriate Rule of Thumb - or can such a rule lead to cracking? Compressible fill Where should it be used and why. Shelf angle details What must occur at shelf angles to allow for the expected movements? Moisture expansion Why is moisture expansion an increased concern in brick veneer. Joint reinforcement Which type- truss or ladder? Are three wires necessary? Creep How much effect does creep have when considering vertical movement of a ten (10) story building?

7 BRICK VENEER WITH METAL STUD BACKUP Throughout the relatively short history of metal stud backup for brick veneer, there has been much research along with subsequent reports, papers, materials and ideas put forth by material manufacturers, trade associations and consultants touting the advantages and disadvantages of the system. Much of the information is confusing, and even conflicts with information from other sources. This presentation is designed to address just such information, so that educated decisions may be made on when and how the system should be used. Discussion focuses on the wall as a system and with any system, there are both advantages and limitations. Glen-Gery is not promoting this system over any other system, nor do we claim to have all the answers. We do, however, feel it is our responsibility to inform all interested parties, who may be involved in the design or use of the system, of potential problems and offer some possible solutions. Discussion will focus on the various inherent concerns which have risen from and field investigations including: corrosion protection, deflection criteria, proper installation, and the use of the wall system as a variation of the drainage wall that has been used historically. Wall Ties Are there advantages of one type over another and how often should they be spaced. Specifications How galvanized coatings are properly specified. Wall Thickness What width airspace is recommended and why. How does rigid insulation affect the airspace? Deflection What are the recommended deflection requirements for brick veneer? Condensation Where does dew point occur in the brick veneer/stud wall, and how does it affect performance.

8 ADDING INTEREST WITH BRICK SHAPES One important reason for brick's popularity is its ability to adapt to design criteria. It can be shaped and used in a wide variety of traditional and contemporary detailing: Such as arches to sills, copings, columns and treads. This program focuses on the use of shapes, not only to increase the aesthetic quality of brickwork, but also toward accomplishing better detailing and better performing brickwork. Many applications involve units that are not normally considered to be brick shapes. Increased water penetration resistance, reducing the size of expansion joints, and the proper design of acute angle corners, can all be realized through the use of shapes. Discussion will focus on increased performance of brickwork through the use of specially designed brick, i.e. arch design and versatility, sloped sills and caps, shelf angle brick, and even brick sculpture. Included will be discussion on how to reduce the cost of shapes through individual brick design and considerations of color, size, and bond patterns. Manufacturing Glen-Gery makes every effort to see that special shapes match the color of the field brick used. Radial Brick How tight of a radius can be turned without using a special shape. Corners Should obtuse angle corners be designed with 8 inch and 4 inch leg or a 6 inch and 2 inch leg? Standard Brick Special shapes are not necessary in many job specific applications including arches, sills, and caps. Historical Reference We often forget that many historical details, that included special shapes, were used for more than just aesthetic reasons. Sculpture Brick masonry and its use as sculpture are on the rise. Examples of brick sculpture will be presented and discussed.

9 EXTERIOR PAVING WITH CLAY MASONRY Many types of materials have been used over the centuries to provide level surfaces on which man can walk and ride. Of these materials, brick has proven to be the most aesthetically pleasing and durable, while also allowing for unique design of pattern and form. There is such an abundance of systems available for use in brick paving that designing a durable system is often confusing. This seminar is designed to reduce the volume of materials and assemblies to a manageable number. The presentation discusses proven systems which perform successfully in most applications, including mortared (rigid) assemblies as well as un-mortared (flexible) assemblies. Proper detailing and installation of each of the common elements in a masonry paving (sub-grade, base, setting bed, and wearing surface) are discussed in detail. Discussion will include: correct specification of materials, required thickness of base bed and brick, available edge systems, and proper spacing of expansion joints as well as the effects of bond pattern, existing drainage techniques and effects of expected traffic. Bond Pattern What effects, other than aesthetic, does bond pattern have on a paving system? Drainage Techniques Surface and subsurface drainage requirements. Mortared versus Un-mortared Applications What are the advantages and limitations of each? Traffic How does expected traffic both pedestrian and vehicular affect brickwork? Expansion Joints Materials, compressibility, and sizing requirements. Durability How does the compressive strength of brick really affect durability? ASTM Heavy vehicular paving requirements (C1272) vs. light traffic requirements (C902).

10 CLEANING BRICK MASONRY After a masonry wall has been completed, it is often necessary to wash it down to clean off mortar, dirt or other debris. Oftentimes, if done incorrectly, this process can severely damage the brick façade. In this discussion, we will investigate which method and chemical works best with different brick. We will also look at the consequences of wrong selections. Typical Staining We will look at how to identify which stain you are looking at and what chemical can be used to clean it off. Cleaning Chemicals What Chemicals are safe to use, and which ones need to be used very carefully. Color Correction Procedures When a brick wall is cleaned incorrectly, surface coatings can be removed revealing a different color underneath. Re-staining the brick to match the original color is sometimes the only option. Knowing what to expect from the contractor and brick manufacturer is also discussed. Scheduling and Protection Most masonry cleaners are harsh chemicals. Care needs to be taken when using them. Window systems, any cement products, and vegetation can be harmed by them. We ll look at the methods recommended to ensure the chemical is handled properly and the materials that need to be installed after cleaning has taken place. Design and Architectural Services

11 HOW TO PICK THE RIGHT BRICK With the many methods of manufacturing brick today, designers have plenty of options when picking out brick. In this discussion, we will look at the different styles available in clay brick and how to match that style to your building. We will also discuss the multiple sizes, bonding patterns, and pricing structures that you will encounter. Manufacturing We will look at how certain brick are made and how that may affect your selection. Knowing what materials are in your brick can help make a more complete design. Pricing How much do certain brick cost? What impact will the size of the brick have on the final installation cost? LEED How can clay brick contribute to LEED credits? Shape Capability When incorporating shapes into your design, it is imperative that you check with the expected brick manufacturer to make sure they have the capability and intent to make that shape. Not all brick manufacturers have the same capabilities.

12 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN CLAY MASONRY Certain building professionals are attempting to take a more environmentally friendly approach to the design and construction of their buildings. Clay brick is an extremely green building product. We will discuss the processes manufacturers employ to keep clay brick as green as possible. Clay brick can also be a material that helps you attain LEED credits. In this talk, we will see what areas of your building you can expect to see a benefit from clay brick. Specific topics included in this presentation are -- Manufacturing We will look at how brick manufacturers handle the raw materials used to make brick. We will also investigate the use of recycled materials and the reclamation efforts of the quarries we use. Thermal Performance How can a brick veneer wall with an air space contribute to a reduced heating and cooling load? What effect does thermal mass have? Paving How can the use of clay brick pavers provide you with LEED credits? Jobsite Handling and Storage A knowledgeable contractor can be of immense help with regard to waste, recycling, regional materials, low VOC materials, etc. We will examine the areas where a skilled masonry contractor can add expertise to a certified building.

13 RESTORATION OF CLAY MASONRY While the instances are rare, clay masonry structures can find the need to have certain procedures performed to help keep them in top shape. Whether the occurrences are structural problems or aesthetic, we will provide you with the tools and information to help you and your owner make the best decisions to keep your building looking and performing well for years to come. Topics to be covered include - Inspections Discovering what happened can help us determine the proper course of action. We will look at some examples; see how the problem was exposed, and then the resulting course of action. Basic Detailing and Installation We will look at the current methods of building and designing walls and how they can be incorporated in repairs. Tuckpointing, sealants, and other techniques will be discussed. Staining and Color Correction There are many methods today to deal with staining and color differences. We will look at how they can be used to deal with these problems in a very minimally invasive manner. Scheduling and Sequencing As with most types of construction, the sequence of installations is critical in most repairs. We will cover, in detail, the sequencing of a typical masonry restoration project.

14 EXPLORING THE MANY ADVANTAGES OF BIG BRICK Clay brick provides you with many advantages. Hundreds of different colors, shapes and textures are just a few examples. We can also manufacture brick in many different sizes as well. Employing larger sizes of brick on your project can reduce the installed cost of masonry drastically and allow you to use a product that is green, energy efficient, does not fade, and has little, if any maintenance cost. Topics to be covered include - Manufacturing We will look at the way in which brick are made and how this affects their use with special emphasis given to larger units. At this point we will also talk about manufacturer s efforts to be environmentally friendly. Cost and Estimation We will explore a typical wall and see the end cost from normal modular brick to the larger sizes. Mason s Production The main advantage gained from using larger masonry units is the production seen from laying more of the wall in a day s time. We will also compare production with a large unit versus a standard modular unit. Coursing and Patterns Larger brick usually have different coursing requirements. We will look at these and give you all the tools you will need to make your building something to be proud of.

15 INTRODUCTION TO THIN BRICK WALL SYSTEMS One of the new developments in construction is the increased use of thin veneer systems. Clay brick is a perfect fit for these types of installations. We will discuss basic wall detailing and construction. There are multiple combinations of materials to use in a thin brick wall. We will minimize the confusion and give you a clear and concise way to achieve a sound thin brick wall. Topics to be covered include - Manufacturing We will look at the way in which thin brick are made and how this affects their use. Certain processes are better suited for different types of installations. Installation As mentioned previously, thin brick can be installed in a variety of ways. We will examine all options and give the positives and negatives with each. Cost and Estimation There is some misinformation on the actual cost of a thin brick wall. We will look at the special concerns related to thin brick and show you an accurate comparison with other walls to allow you and your owner to make an informed decision. Life Cycle / Durability There has been some concern with regards to the life cycle of these thin veneer walls. We will also discuss real world expectations for these systems.

16 BRICK PLANT TOUR Take a tour of a brick plant. We have manufacturing facilities as close as Manassas, VA or York, PA. Most tours take approximately 2 hours. This translates to 2 AIA Learning Units. Specific tours include -- Manufacturing Each brick plant has a certain capability. The surrounding shale or clay typically determines the type of brick being made. You will be able to see how a brick comes to be from quarry to kiln to cube. Environmental Sensitivity As a brick maker, we also have a responsibility to ensure our operations do not have an adverse effect on our surroundings. You will see how we handle everything from air emissions to quarry reclamation.

17 BASICS OF MANUFACTURED STONE VENEER One of the many new developments in construction is the increased use of manufactured stone veneer systems. The stone look has been popular for centuries and new systems have been created to get a real stone appearance and a very durable veneer while reducing wall costs. Topics to be covered include - Manufacturing We will look at the processes utilized to create cement based stone veneer units. There are many different colors and patterns available. We will delve into the means and methods used to achieve these different looks. Quality control is also vital and will be discussed as well. Installation As with any wall system, there are certain guidelines and requirements when putting these stone units in place. We will discuss the methods recommended to install them. Cost and Estimation Costs and budgets are important in any building and when looking at which products to use, manufactured stone veneer can help. There are many variables though, and it can often be difficult to ensure the lowest price is still going to give you the desired look and installation. We will give you the tools to do an accurate comparison. Life Cycle / Durability Today s buildings are being held to a higher standard as far as resiliency and life cycle. We will discuss the expected life cycles of manufactured stone walls and ways to increase it. To schedule an appointment or for any questions contact: Leroy Danforth Design Services Manager Phone Leroy.Danforth@GlenGery.com