THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR COMPOSITES: RESINS, FILLERS, REINFORCEMENTS, NATURAL FIBERS & NANOCOMPOSITES. PLS029D January 2014

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1 THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR COMPOSITES: RESINS, FILLERS, REINFORCEMENTS, NATURAL FIBERS & NANOCOMPOSITES PLS029D January 2014 Melvin Schlechter Project Analyst ISBN: BCC Research 49 Walnut Park, Building 2 Wellesley, MA USA (toll-free within the USA), or (+1) information@bccresearch.com

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 2 REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY 2 STUDY GOALS 2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 2 INTENDED AUDIENCE 3 METHODOLOGY 3 ABOUT THE AUTHOR 4 RELATED BCC RESEARCH REPORTS 4 BCC RESEARCH ONLINE SERVICES 4 DISCLAIMER 4 CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 6 SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY 6 6 CHAPTER 3 REINFORCEMENTS 10 OVERVIEW 10 NONFIBROUS 10 TALCS 10 Background 10 Grades 11 Applications 11 MICA 11 Background 11 Properties 12 Applications 12 Thermosets 12 Thermoplastics 12 WOLLASTONITE 12 Background 12 Applications 13 SILICAS 13 FIBROUS 14 BACKGROUND 14 REINFORCEMENT TYPES 14 Overview 14 Mats 14 Woven Fabrics 14 Knitted Fabrics 15 Braids 15 Preforms 15 Glass Fiber Reinforcements 15 Production 15 Types of Fiberglass 16

3 Background 16 Types of Glass Fibers 16 Sizing 17 Microspheres 17 Background 17 Solid Microspheres 17 Hollow Microspheres 17 TABLE 1 ADVANTAGES OF SOLID GLASS MICROSPHERES 18 Applications 18 Glass Fiber Suppliers 18 TABLE 2 IMPORTANT GLASS FIBER SUPPLIERS 18 Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics Institute (FRPI) 19 New Developments 19 Chinese Fiberglass Company Plans U.S. Plant 19 Fiber Sizings Expand Capabilities 19 Carbon Fibers 19 Background 19 Manufacture 20 Product Types 21 Applications 21 Large Users of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastics 21 The Military 21 Commercial Aircraft 22 Automotive 22 Producers 22 End-of-Life Recycling 22 Recent Developments 22 New Lamborghini Has Carbon Fiber Passenger Cell 22 Carbon-Fiber Demand is Aerospace Still Strong 22 Toray Building Carbon-Fiber Plant in Korea 23 Daimler/Toray Joint Venture to Manufacture Carbon-Fiber Parts General Motors and Teijin Join Forces 23 Wind Energy Applications 23 Supply of Precursors 23 Ford Motor and Dow Join Forces 23 Cytec Restarts its Carbon-Fiber Project 24 Teijin Adds to Carbon-Fiber Production 24 Plason Carbon Fibers Produces Composite Hood Roof and Trunks Toray Buys 20% Interest in Plason Carbon Composites 24 Other Carbon-Fiber Start-Ups 24 Carbon-Fiber Producers Merge 24 Aramid Fibers 25 Background 25 Production 25 Properties/Characteristics 26 Usage

4 Ceramic Fibers 26 Background 26 Applications 27 Suppliers 27 Boron Fibers 27 Stainless Steel Fibers 28 Natural Fibers 28 Background 28 How Much Fiber to Use 30 Types of Natural Fibers 30 Overview 30 Flax Fibers 30 Jute Fibers 30 Kenaf Fibers 31 Hemp Fibers 31 Degradation Temperatures of Natural Fibers 31 Global Cultivation of Selected Natural Fibers 31 TABLE 3 KEY NATURAL FIBERS AND MAJOR CULTIVATION AREAS 32 Processing 32 Comparison with Glass Fibers 32 Pricing 33 Review of Possible Stumbling Blocks to Natural Fiber Reinforcements Automotive Applications 33 Other Potential Applications 34 Recent Developments 34 Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 34 Ford Planning to Use Natural Fiber-Reinforced Resins 34 Ford Plans to Use Wheat Straw-Reinforced Plastics 34 Market Estimates and Forecasts 35 NANOCOMPOSITES 35 BACKGROUND 35 CHARACTERISTICS 36 BENEFITS 36 MECHANICAL ASPECTS 36 PROCESSES 37 EARLY WORK WITH PLASTICS 37 APPLICATIONS 37 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 38 Design and Development of Nanocomposite Scaffold 38 Nano Crystalline Cellulose Fibers Renewable Reinforcements for Plastics Aerospace Applications 38 CARBON NANOTUBES 38 OVERVIEW 38 POTENTIAL USE IN PLASTICS 39 NANOCOMPOSITE SUPPLIERS 40 TABLE 4 KEY NANOCOMPOSITE SUPPLIERS

5 CHAPTER 4 REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES 42 BACKGROUND 42 THERMOSETS 43 OVERVIEW 43 TABLE 5 SELECTED MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND PROPERTIES OF REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES PROCESSING 44 Background 44 Hand Lay-Up 44 Spray-Up 44 Pultrusion 44 Filament Winding 45 Reinforced Reaction Molding (RRIM) 45 SHEET MOLDING COMPOUNDS (SMC) 45 Background 45 Advantages 46 SMC Process Choices 46 SMC Formulations 46 TABLE 6 TYPICAL SMC FORMULATIONS (WEIGHT PERCENT) 46 Technology 47 Advantages 47 SMC Compounders 48 TABLE 7 KEY SMC PRODUCERS 48 Markets 48 Other Process Challenges 48 Use of Nanoparticles 48 Applications 49 New Developments 49 SMC Products for Mass Transit 49 Direct Process for Mixing and Molding SMC 49 A New SMC Center 49 BULK MOLDING COMPOUNDS (BMC) 49 Overview 49 Background 50 Technology 50 Advantages 50 Applications 50 BMC Compounders 51 A New Development 51 THERMOPLASTICS 51 BACKGROUND 51 REINFORCEMENT DETAILS 52 COMMODITY THERMOPLASTICS 52 Background 52 Polypropylene 53 Background 53 Properties 53 43

6 Applications 53 Upgraded Polypropylene 54 Reinforced Polypropylenes 54 Overview 54 High-Impact Grades 54 Long Glass-Fiber Polypropylene 55 Reinforced Polypropylene Products 55 TABLE 8 TRADE NAMES OF KEY FIBER-REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE 55 New Polypropylene Products 56 Borealis 56 Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites 56 Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene 56 Producers 56 TABLE 9 KEY GLOBAL POLYPROPYLENE PRODUCERS AND ESTIMATED CAPACITIES (BILLION POUNDS/YEAR) Recent Developments 57 Research on the Properties of Polypropylene with Bio-Fillers and Natural Reinforcements Mineral-Filled Polypropylene Replaces PVC in Profiles 57 Long-Glass Polypropylene Improves Impact at Lower Cost 57 RTP Introduces Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites Polyethylenes 57 Background 57 Need for Additives 58 High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) 58 Overview 58 Background 58 Processing of HDPE 58 Producers 59 TABLE 10 LEADING GLOBAL HDPE PRODUCERS 59 Reinforced Polyethylenes 59 Some Details on Commercial Reinforced HDPE Composites 59 Ticona's Celstran Additions 59 Flax Fiber-Reinforced Polyethylenes 60 Cellulose Fiber HDPE Composites 60 Recent Developments 60 Coconut Fiber-Reinforced HDPE 60 Polyamide Fiber-Reinforced HDPE 60 Market Estimates and Forecasts 60 TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMMODITY THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES BY POLYSTYRENE 62 General Purpose Polystyrene 62 High-Impact Polystyrene (HIPS)

7 Background 62 Properties 62 Applications 63 Recent Styrenic Polymer Producer Changes 63 Global Market Players and Industry Leaders 63 Processing 64 Overview 64 TABLE 14 FABRICATION METHODS AND USES FOR POLYSTYRENE 64 Polystyrene Composite Products 64 A Recent Development 65 The Styrene Conundrum 65 Market Estimates and Forecasts 65 TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYSTYRENE COMPOSITES BY ACRYLONITRILE-BUTADIENE-STYRENE (ABS) 65 Background 65 Properties 66 Processing 66 Grades 66 Production 67 Reinforced ABS Products 67 Examples of Reinforced ABS Products 67 Market Estimates and Forecasts 67 TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED ABS COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) STYRENE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE (SMA) 68 Background 68 Reinforced SMA Composites 69 Examples of Specific Reinforced Grades 69 Market Estimates and Forecasts 69 TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED SMA COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) STYRENE-ACRYLONITRILE COPOLYMERS (SAN) 70 Overview 70 Properties 70 Producers 71 Reinforced SAN Composite Products 71 ENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS (ETPS) 71 Background 71 Polyamides 72 Background 72 Properties 72 Processing 72 Alloying/Blending of Polyamides 73 Applications 73 Major Types 73 Polyamide Polyamide

8 Producers and Capacities 73 TABLE 18 KEY GLOBAL POLYAMIDE RESIN PRODUCERS 74 Capacity Additions and Other Changes 74 DSM Increases Capacity for New Polyamides 74 Arkema Increases Production of Rilsan Polyamides 74 Ube Begins Polyamide Production in South America 74 DuPont Goes Ahead with Asian Polyamide Expansion Plans 75 Lanxess Plans New Polyamide Plant 75 Evonik to Build Polyamide 12 Plants in Asia and Europe 75 Rhodia Ups Polyamide Production 75 Arkema Increases Polyamide Capacities in Asia 75 BASF Expands Polyamide Capacity 75 Reinforced Polyamide Composites 76 Examples of Commercial Reinforced Polyamide Composites 76 TABLE 19 SELECTED EXAMPLES OF COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES New Developments 77 Filament-Wound Polyamides for Compressed Air Tanks 77 Polyamides Made from Natural Fiber 77 Polyamide Dampens Noise in Sports Car 77 Polyamide Spare Wheel Frame 77 New Polyamides for "Crash Optimization" 77 Thermoformed Polyamide for Marine Applications 78 Glass-Filled Thermoformed Polyamide 78 Polyamide Photovoltaic Mounting Systems 78 Polyamides Provides Needed Requirements for Ball Bearings Market Estimates and Forecasts 78 TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES BY TABLE 21 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) 79 Background 79 Properties 80 Applications 80 Reinforced PBT Products 80 TABLE 22 KEY REINFORCED PBT COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME 81 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) 81 Overview 81 Glycol Modified PET Polyester (PETG) 81 Engineering-Grade PET 82 Reinforced PET 82 Examples of Reinforced PET Products 83 TABLE 23 KEY REINFORCED PET COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME 83 Market Estimates and Forecasts 83 TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTER COMPOSITES BY

9 TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTER COMPOSITES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) Polycarbonates 84 Background 84 General Grades 84 Impact of Bisphenol A on Polycarbonate Usage 85 Processing 85 Properties 85 Property Advantages and Disadvantages 85 Brief Review of Applications 86 Polymer Alloys/Blends 86 Major Polycarbonate Producers 86 TABLE 26 SELECTED MAJOR POLYCARBONATE PRODUCERS AND TRADE-NAMED PRODUCTS Reinforced Polycarbonates 87 TABLE 27 SELECTED COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT REINFORCED POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME AND SUPPLIER Market Estimates and Forecasts 88 TABLE 28 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITES BY Polyacetals 88 Background 88 Grades 88 Properties 89 Processing 89 Producers 89 TABLE 29 KEY GLOBAL POLYACETAL TRADE-NAMED PRODUCTS AND PRODUCERS 90 Typical Applications 90 TABLE 30 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF POLYACETALS 90 Examples of Polyacetal Reinforced Products 91 Long Glass-Reinforced Polyacetals 91 Market Estimates and Forecasts 91 TABLE 31 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYACETAL COMPOSITE MARKET BY Polyphenylene Sulfides (PPS) 92 Background 92 Properties 92 Advantages and Disadvantages 93 Producers 93 Applications 94 PPS Reinforced Products 94 TABLE 32 KEY REINFORCED POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITE PRODUCTS AND SUPPLIERS Market Estimates and Forecasts 95 TABLE 33 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITE MARKET BY New Developments 96 Blowmolded PPS for High-Temperature Auto Applications

10 Chevron Phillips Product Line Expansion 96 Ticona's New Fortron Reinforced Grades 96 Polyimides/PEI/PAI 96 Properties 96 Polyetherimides (PEIs) 97 Background 97 Properties 97 Producers 98 Applications 98 Polyamides/-imides 98 Overview 98 Properties 98 Applications 99 Key Polyimide Products and Producers 99 Market Estimates and Forecasts 99 TABLE 34 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYIMIDE COMPOSITES, BY New Polyimide Developments 100 Carbon-Fiber PEI Replaces Aluminum 100 Polyimide Blends Provide Very High Heat Stability 100 Liquid Crystal Polymers 100 Background 100 Properties 100 Applications 101 Background 101 Electronic/Electrical 101 LCP Reinforced Products 102 Producers 102 TABLE 35 KEY GLOBAL LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER PRODUCERS AND ESTIMATED CAPACITIES Market Estimates and Forecasts 103 TABLE 36 GLOBAL REINFORCED LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER COMPOSITE MARKET BY New Developments and Products DuPont Sells LCP Business 103 New Reinforced LCP Grades 104 Polysulfones 104 Background 104 Types of Polysulfones 104 Grades 105 Further Application Details 105 Polysulfone Producers and Trade-named Products 105 Reinforced Polysulfone Products 105 Market Estimates and Forecasts 106 TABLE 37 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYSULFONE COMPOSITE MARKET BY A New Development BASF Develops Low-Friction Polysulfones 106

11 Polymer Alloys/Blends 106 Background 106 PC/ABS 107 Background 107 Grades and Properties 107 Applications 107 Reinforced Grades 108 PPO/HIPS 108 Background 108 Properties and Advantages 108 Grades 109 Processing 109 Specific Applications of Reinforced Noryl Grades 109 Other Applications 109 PPO/Polyamides 110 Background and Properties 110 Grades and Applications 110 PC/PBT 111 Background 111 Properties 111 Applications 111 PC/PET 112 Other Polymer Alloys/Blends 112 Market Estimates and Forecasts 112 TABLE 38 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYMER ALLOYS/BLENDS COMPOSITE MARKET BY New Products and Developments of Polymer Alloys/Blends PBT/ASA Low Warpage Resins 113 OTHER REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS 113 Polyketones 113 Background 113 Properties 113 Polyketone Composites 114 Applications 114 Applications by Industry 114 Producers 115 New PEEK Products and Developments 115 PEEK Masterbatches 115 PEEK Resins and Carbon Nanotubes 115 Polyaryletherketone (PAEK) Activities 115 Carbon-Fiber PEEK Compounds 115 Market Estimates and Forecasts 115 TABLE 39 GLOBAL MARKET FOR OTHER REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES BY MARKET SUMMARY FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS/COMPOSITES 116 TABLE 40 TOTAL GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS)

12 CHAPTER 5 OTHER IMPORTANT GROUPINGS OF REINFORCED PLASTICS/COMPOSITES 119 OVERVIEW 119 GLASS MAT THERMOPLASTICS (GMTS) 119 OVERVIEW 119 BACKGROUND 119 TECHNOLOGY 119 SUPPLIER SCENARIO 120 APPLICATIONS 120 MARKET SIZE 120 LONG FIBER-REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS (LFRTS) 121 BACKGROUND 121 OTHER FACTORS 121 PROCESSING 122 PROPERTIES 122 BENEFITS 122 LIMITATIONS 123 RESIN MATRICES 123 SUPPLIERS 123 SUMMARY 124 CELSTRAN'S PRODUCTS 124 IMPORTANT GLOBAL PLAYERS IN LFRTS 124 MARKET SIZE 125 TABLE 41 GLOBAL LFRT DEMAND BY INDUSTRY (AS PERCENT OF TOTAL) 125 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 126 New Processing May Increase LFRT Usage 126 European Car Used Epoxy LFRT 126 Other Auto Advances with LFRTs 126 Predicting Results from LFRT Usage 126 New Polypropylene LFRT for Automotive Parts 126 THERMOSET RESINS 127 OVERVIEW 127 FIBER-REINFORCED GRADES 127 OUTLOOK 127 GENERAL PROPERTIES 127 TABLE 42 REINFORCED THERMOSET PLASTIC COMPOSITE PROPERTIES AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES UNSATURATED POLYESTERS 128 Background 128 Ingredients of Unsaturated Polyester Formulations 129 TABLE 43 KEY INGREDIENTS OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN FORMULATIONS IN DESCENDING ORDER OF COMMERCIAL USE Types of Unsaturated Polyesters 129 Applications 129 Overview 129 Construction/Infrastructure 130 Bathroom Products 130 Corrosion-Resistant Products 130 Marine Products

13 Transportation 130 Other Applications 130 Nonreinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 131 Examples of Commercial Reinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 131 TABLE 44 KEY COMMERCIAL REINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTERS COMPOSITE TRADE NAMES AND SUPPLIERS Recent Developments 131 Use of Wood Fibers Improves Unsaturated Polyester Composites 131 Use of Kraft Fiber-Reinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 132 Depolymerization of Unsaturated Polyesters 132 Market Estimates and Forecasts 132 TABLE 45 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTER COMPOSITES BY TABLE 46 GLOBAL MARKET OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) VINYL ESTERS 133 Background 133 Technologies 134 Properties 134 Characteristics 134 Applications 134 Differences between Unsaturated Polyesters and Vinyl Esters 135 Commercially Important Reinforced Vinyl Esters 135 TABLE 47 KEY COMMERCIAL REINFORCED VINYL ESTER COMPOSITES AND SUPPLIERS Market Estimates and Forecasts 136 TABLE 48 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED VINYL ESTER COMPOSITES BY New Developments/Products 137 Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Vinyl Ester Resins 137 Cray Valley Introduces Epovia Vinyl Esters 137 EPOXY RESINS 137 Background 137 Chemistry 138 Chemical Epoxy Types 138 Technology 138 Epoxy Systems 138 Background 138 Nonmolded 139 Laminating Systems 139 Molded Epoxies 139 Advanced Epoxy Composites 139 Other Applications 140 Manufacturing Methods 140 Key Reinforced Epoxy Resin Trade-Named Products 140 New Developments/Products 140 Graphene-Reinforced Epoxy Resins 140 Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Epoxy (CNT Epoxy)

14 Market Estimates and Forecasts 141 TABLE 49 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES BY PHENOLICS 142 Background 142 Technology 142 Grades 142 Molding Compounds 143 Applications 143 Examples of Reinforced Phenolic Grades 143 Recent Developments 144 Reinforced Phenolic Nano-Composites 144 Phenolic Armoring Prepreg 144 Fire-Safe Phenolic Composite Marine Products 144 Reinforced Phenolic Resin Suppliers 145 TABLE 50 KEY REINFORCED PHENOLIC COMPOSITES TRADE NAMES AND SUPPLIERS Market Estimates and Forecasts 145 TABLE 51 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PHENOLIC COMPOSITES BY POLYURETHANES 146 Background 146 Polyureas 146 RIM Products 146 RRIM Products 146 SRIM Products 147 Competing Products 147 Advantages 148 Reinforced Polyurethane Products 148 Polyurethane Composites and the Automotive Industry 148 Market Estimates and Forecasts 149 TABLE 52 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYURETHANE COMPOSITES BY Recent Developments 149 Structural Polyurethanes 149 Dow Introduces VORAFORCE Polyurethane Pultruded Resin 150 Bayer Material Science Advances 150 MISCELLANEOUS FIBER-REINFORCED THERMOSETS 150 Diallyl Phthalate (DAP) 150 Background and Applications 150 Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs) 151 Cyanate Esters 151 Polybutadiene Resins 151 Market Estimates and Forecasts 152 TABLE 53 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED OTHER THERMOSET COMPOSITES BY MARKET SUMMARY OF REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES 152 TABLE 54 GLOBAL MARKET SUMMARY OF REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS)

15 MARKET SUMMARY OF REINFORCED PLASTICS BY RESIN 153 TABLE 55 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 56 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS, THROUGH 2019 (BILLION POUNDS) CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS 156 OVERVIEW 156 AUTOMOTIVE 156 OVERVIEW 156 CAFE ISSUES 157 AUTOMOTIVE UNDER-THE-HOOD SEGMENT 158 Overview 158 Background 159 Key Factors of the UTH Resin Market 159 TABLE 57 SELECTED AUTOMOTIVE UNDER-THE-HOOD REINFORCED RESIN COMPOSITES BY PART More UTH Developments 161 Overview of Electronic Components 161 Material Usage 161 Expanded Use of Encapsulated Components 162 Bobbins/Connectors 163 Switches/Sockets 163 Ignition Components 163 Plastic Rocker Covers 164 Catalytic Converters 164 Valve Covers 164 Intake Manifolds 164 Heating/Air-Conditioning Equipment 165 Reservoirs 165 Market Estimates and Forecasts 165 TABLE 58 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE UTH MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) AUTOMOTIVE EXTERIORS 166 Use of Reinforced Plastics Composites 166 Body Panels 167 Horizontal vs. Vertical Body Panels (Steel vs. SMC) 167 General Decision Factors for Body Panels 167 Carbon-Fiber SMC 168 Need for Class A Finishes 168 Other SMC Competition 168 Other Considerations 168 Paint-Free SMCs? 169 Fenders 170 Background 170 Thermoplastics in Fenders 170 Bumper Systems 170 Background

16 Bumper Systems and Products 170 Side Molding/Trim 171 Radiator/Grilles 171 Overall Usage of Resins in Exterior Auto Parts 171 TABLE 59 RESINS USED FOR SPECIFIC EXTERIOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS 172 Market Estimates and Forecasts 172 TABLE 60 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE EXTERIOR MARKET, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) AUTOMOTIVE INTERIORS 173 Background 173 Overview of Specific Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Auto Interior Applications TABLE 61 RESINS USED FOR SPECIFIC INTERIOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS 174 Seat-Related Auto Interior Parts 174 Background 174 Front Seat Bases 174 Front Seat Shells 175 Front Seat Backs 175 Rear Seats 175 Child Safety Seats 175 Rear Seat Backs 175 Tough Resins Needed for Airbag Doors 176 Instrument Panels Overview 176 Instrument Panel Structures 176 Knee Bolsters 177 Background 177 Resins Used 177 Consoles 177 Headliners 178 Overview 178 Resin Usage 178 Flooring 178 Package Shelves/Trays 178 Market Estimates and Forecasts 179 TABLE 62 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES IN AUTOMOTIVE INTERIORS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 63 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) RECENT DEVELOPMENTS WITH REINFORCED PLASTICS COMPOSITES IN AUTOMOTIVE Some Basics and Examples Regarding Lowering the Weight of Autos 180 The Car Body of the Future 181 Questions of Economic Viability of Carbon Fiber Composites in Autos 181 Growth of Reinforced Epoxies in the Auto Market 181 Are Large Automakers Being Too Cautious to Make the 2025 Deadline of 54.5 Miles per Gallon? Chinese Auto Production Aiming for Increased Plastic Usage 182 Global Historical, Current and Projected Rates of Auto Material Usage

17 TABLE 64 FORECAST OF GLOBAL MATERIAL USAGE IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2035 (%) RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF REINFORCED PLASTICS COMPOSITES IN AUTOMOTIVE New Group to Foster Use of Composites in Autos 183 New Continuous-Fiber Laminate Overmolding Compound for Automotive Uses Production of Lightweight Carbon Fiber Reinforced Engine Hood in 15 Minutes Potential Results from Carbon Fiber Reinforcement Fibers Producers and Automotive Producers Joint Ventures Dow Automotive Opens Several Composite Centers 184 Composite Car Floors 184 Rice-Hull Reinforced Plastics in Trucks 184 Composites Reduce Wheel Weight 184 Reinforced Polyamides Used for Front-End Carrier 185 Polyamides Polyester Replace SMC in Modular Trucks 185 FUEL CELLS IN AUTOMOTIVE 185 Background 185 Possible Future Scenario 185 Types of Fuel Cells and Components 185 Materials and Processes 186 Other Items of Interest 186 Companies Involved 186 What Does the Future Hold? 187 Recent Developments 187 CONSTRUCTION/INFRASTRUCTURE 187 OVERVIEW 187 BACKGROUND 188 ADVANTAGES OF REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES IN CONSTRUCTION 188 INFRASTRUCTURE APPLICATIONS 188 Structural Shapes 189 Pre-Engineered Structural Systems 189 SOME BARRIERS TO REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE USAGE 189 ADVANTAGES OF REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES 189 ROADBLOCKS 190 INFRASTRUCTURE REPAIR 190 Jacketing 190 Concrete Reinforcement 191 Background 191 Rebars/PlateBonding 191 Concrete Highway Pavement 191 BRIDGES 191 Overview 191 Bridge Cables from Composites 192 Domestic Scenario 192 Other Scenarios 193 Recent Developments

18 European Project 193 U.S. Project 193 BATHROOM PRODUCTS 193 Overview 193 Development of Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastics in Bathrooms 194 PANELS 194 Overview 194 Natural Fibers for Panels 195 Market Estimates and Forecasts 195 TABLE 65 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION/INFRASTRUCTURE BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) Recent Developments 196 Replacing Stainless Steel 196 Storing Water Underground 196 ANTICORROSION MARKETS 196 Background 196 Use of Reinforced Plastic Composites 197 Resurgence in Corrosion-Resistant Composites 197 Example of Industries Impacted by Corrosion-Underground Storage Tanks Further Details on Facilities Using Reinforced Plastic Composites for Anticorrosion Chemical Water Treatment Plants 198 Chemical Plants 198 Markets 198 Key Products 198 Other Applications for Anticorrosion Products 199 Market Estimates and Forecasts 199 TABLE 66 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES ANTICORROSION MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) MARINE MARKETS 200 OVERVIEW 200 MATERIALS 200 Glass 200 Carbon 201 Aramid 201 Epoxy/Vinyl Ester 201 TRENDS IN MARINE COMPOSITES 201 MARINE REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES PLUSES AND MINUSES 201 MARKET SIZE 202 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS 202 TABLE 67 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARINE PRODUCTS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) ELECTRONICS 203 OVERVIEW 203 MARKETS 203 GROWTH 203 TECHNOLOGIES

19 REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES MOVE AHEAD IN ELECTRONICS 204 PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS (PCBS) 204 Background 204 Physical Composition 204 Types of Rigid Boards 205 Assembly Technologies 205 E-Glass Suppliers 205 Issues Facing Plastics Usage 205 PCB Substrates 205 TABLE 68 IMPORTANT TECHNICAL FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN SELECTING PCB SUBSTRATE MATERIALS Rigid PCBs 206 Background 206 Standard FR-4 Epoxy Resin 206 Types of Reinforcements 207 Epoxies 207 Overview 207 Important Epoxy Grades and Producers 208 Polyurethane RIM Products 208 RRIM Products 208 SRIM Products 209 Additional Details 209 Applications 209 Key Polyurethane Suppliers 209 Phenolics Electric/Electronic Applications 210 Producers 210 Reinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 210 THERMOPLASTICS 211 Overview 211 Reinforced Polyamides 211 Background 211 Electric/Electronic Applications 212 Reinforced Polyesters 212 PBT Usage 212 PET Electronic Products 213 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) 213 Polyimides 213 Polycarbonates 214 Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCPs) 214 Polysulfones 214 Polymer Alloys/Blends 215 Market Estimate and Forecasts 215 TABLE 69 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES ELECTRONICS MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) CHANGES IN ELECTRONIC COMPONENT MANUFACTURE THAT COULD IMPACT REINFORCED COMPOSITE RESIN CHOICES APPLIANCES 217 BACKGROUND

20 APPLIANCE CATEGORIES 218 KEY APPLICATIONS OF PLASTICS IN APPLIANCES 218 TABLE 70 SELECTED MAJOR APPLICATIONS FOR POLYMERS IN APPLIANCES 219 FIBER-REINFORCED PLASTIC USAGE 219 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS 219 TABLE 71 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE APPLIANCE MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) AEROSPACE 220 OVERVIEW 220 BACKGROUND 221 MILITARY AIRCRAFT 221 INTERIOR AIRCRAFT PARTS 221 COMPOSITION OF REINFORCED AIRCRAFT PLASTIC PARTS 222 MATERIAL USAGE 222 Overview 222 Aramid Fiber Composites 222 POTENTIAL PROBLEMS WITH FUSELAGE COMPONENTS 223 COMPOSITE SUPPLIERS 223 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS 223 TABLE 72 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AEROSPACE MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) NEW DEVELOPMENTS 224 Aerospace Industry Composite Market Size 224 Airbus Has Assembled the First A350 XWB 224 The Aircraft of the Future? 224 Even Aircraft Engines are Moving to Composites 224 CONSUMER PRODUCTS 224 BACKGROUND 224 MEDICAL DEVICES 225 Status of the Healthcare Industry 225 Overall Plastic Usage 225 Polymers Used Background 225 Commodity Thermoplastics 225 Engineering Resins 226 Thermoset Resins 226 Orthopedic Implants and Prostheses 226 Overview 226 Recent Developments 227 Carbon Fibers for Foot Prosthetics 227 Composite Bone Implant Approved 227 Composite Lumbar Spacer Implant 227 Surgical Seals 227 SPORTS/RECREATION EQUIPMENT 228 Background 228 General Resin Usage 228 Skis and Other Winter Sports Equipment 228 Recreation Boards 229

21 Bicycles 229 Specific Reinforced Plastics Products Used in Sports and Recreation Products LAWN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT 230 Overview 230 Resin Usage 230 Market Estimates and Forecasts 231 TABLE 73 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE CONSUMER PRODUCTS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS 232 Background 232 POWER MARKET 232 Overview 232 Distribution/Utility Poles 232 Cross Arms 233 Summary of Benefits Derived from Composites in the Power Market 233 OTHER TRANSPORTATION MARKETS 234 Overview 234 Rail Applications 234 Background 234 Monorails 234 Phenolic Composite Usage in Mass Transit 235 A Recent Development Eurorail Standards Cause Changes 235 WIND ENERGY PRODUCTS 235 Background 235 Technology 236 Opportunities and Limits 236 Wind Turbine Blade Manufacture 236 Building Larger Blades to Increase Share of the Wind May Not be the Best Option Global Wind Business Seems to be Increasing Since the Most Recent Economic Slump OILFIELD-RELATED APPLICATIONS 237 WATER DESALINATION 237 REINFORCED PLASTICS IN-GROUND TANKS 238 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS 238 TABLE 74 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MISCELLANEOUS MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) SUMMARY OF REINFORCED PLASTICS APPLICATIONS MARKET 239 TABLE 75 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY OBSERVATIONS AND ISSUES CONCERNING THE FUTURE OF THE GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET RECENT REINFORCED PLASTICS COMPOSITE DEVELOPMENTS 240 OWENS CORNING OPENS CHINA COMPOSITE SITE 240 BOEING 787 DREAMLINER COMPOSITE PARTS 240 AN IMPORTANT SHIFT IN AUTOMOTIVE COMPOSITES

22 FORD AND DOW CHEMICAL JOIN FORCES TO DEVELOP CARBON COMPOSITES FOR AUTO PRODUCTION ASIAN COMPOSITE GROWTH IN AUTOS AIMED AT PASSING BOTH THE U.S. AND EUROPE THE COMPOSITES INDUSTRY STILL FACES SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES CHAPTER 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND RECYCLING ISSUES 243 ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES 243 WEIGHT REDUCTION 243 LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS 243 RECYCLING 243 OVERVIEW 243 SPECIAL CONCERNS 244 DO REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES REQUIRE A BETTER SOLUTION FOR THEIR END-LIFE? EFFORTS IN THERMOSET RECYCLING 244 Background 244 Pyrolysis 245 Glass Separation 245 Grinding 245 Carbon-Fiber Recycling 245 Composites Can Be Recycled 245 Position Paper on Recycling Glass-Reinforced Thermoset Composites 246 Fourth International Symposium on Fiber Recycling CHAPTER 8 COMPANY PROFILES 248 AOC LLC 248 ASHLAND SPECIALTY CHEMICAL COMPANY 248 BULK MOLDING COMPOUNDS, INC. 249 THE COMPOSITES GROUP 249 CONTINENTAL STRUCTURAL PLASTICS 249 COOK COMPOSITES AND POLYMERS (CPP) 250 CORE MOLDING TECHNOLOGIES 250 DSM ENGINEERING PLASTICS NORTH AMERICA 251 FERRO CORPORATION 251 GEORGIA-PACIFIC CHEMICALS LLC 252 GLASFORMS, INC. 252 HANWHA AZDEL SPECIALTIES 253 HAYSITE REINFORCED PLASTICS 253 HEXCEL CORPORATION 254 IDI COMPOSITES INTERNATIONAL 254 INTERPLASTIC CORPORATION 254 LNP ENGINEERING PLASTICS 255 OWENS CORNING 255 MOMENTIVE SPECIALTY CHEMICALS 256 PREMIX, INC. 256 QUADRANT PLASTIC COMPOSITES 257 QUANTUM COMPOSITES 257

23 REICHHOLD CHEMICAL 258 RTP COMPANY 258 TICONA 259 CHAPTER 9 APPENDIX A: ACRONYMS 261 CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX B: GLOSSARY OF TERMS 265

24 LIST OF TABLES TABLE HEADING SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY TABLE 1 ADVANTAGES OF SOLID GLASS MICROSPHERES 18 TABLE 2 IMPORTANT GLASS FIBER SUPPLIERS 18 TABLE 3 KEY NATURAL FIBERS AND MAJOR CULTIVATION AREAS 32 TABLE 4 KEY NANOCOMPOSITE SUPPLIERS 40 TABLE 5 SELECTED MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND PROPERTIES OF REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES TABLE 6 TYPICAL SMC FORMULATIONS (WEIGHT PERCENT) 46 TABLE 7 KEY SMC PRODUCERS 48 TABLE 8 TRADE NAMES OF KEY FIBER-REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE 55 TABLE 9 KEY GLOBAL POLYPROPYLENE PRODUCERS AND ESTIMATED CAPACITIES (BILLION POUNDS/YEAR) TABLE 10 LEADING GLOBAL HDPE PRODUCERS 59 TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMMODITY THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES BY TABLE 14 FABRICATION METHODS AND USES FOR POLYSTYRENE 64 TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYSTYRENE COMPOSITES BY TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED ABS COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED SMA COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 18 KEY GLOBAL POLYAMIDE RESIN PRODUCERS 74 TABLE 19 SELECTED EXAMPLES OF COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES BY TABLE 21 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 22 KEY REINFORCED PBT COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME 81 TABLE 23 KEY REINFORCED PET COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME 83 TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTER COMPOSITES BY TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTER COMPOSITES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 26 SELECTED MAJOR POLYCARBONATE PRODUCERS AND TRADE-NAMED PRODUCTS TABLE 27 SELECTED COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT REINFORCED POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME AND SUPPLIER TABLE 28 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITES BY TABLE 29 KEY GLOBAL POLYACETAL TRADE-NAMED PRODUCTS AND PRODUCERS 90 TABLE 30 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF POLYACETALS

25 TABLE HEADING TABLE 31 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYACETAL COMPOSITE MARKET BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 32 KEY REINFORCED POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITE PRODUCTS AND SUPPLIERS TABLE 33 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITE MARKET BY TABLE 34 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYIMIDE COMPOSITES, BY TABLE 35 KEY GLOBAL LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER PRODUCERS AND ESTIMATED CAPACITIES TABLE 36 GLOBAL REINFORCED LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER COMPOSITE MARKET BY TABLE 37 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYSULFONE COMPOSITE MARKET BY TABLE 38 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYMER ALLOYS/BLENDS COMPOSITE MARKET BY TABLE 39 GLOBAL MARKET FOR OTHER REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES BY TABLE 40 TOTAL GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 41 GLOBAL LFRT DEMAND BY INDUSTRY (AS PERCENT OF TOTAL) 125 TABLE 42 REINFORCED THERMOSET PLASTIC COMPOSITE PROPERTIES AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES TABLE 43 KEY INGREDIENTS OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN FORMULATIONS IN DESCENDING ORDER OF COMMERCIAL USE TABLE 44 KEY COMMERCIAL REINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTERS COMPOSITE TRADE NAMES AND SUPPLIERS TABLE 45 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTER COMPOSITES BY TABLE 46 GLOBAL MARKET OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 47 KEY COMMERCIAL REINFORCED VINYL ESTER COMPOSITES AND SUPPLIERS TABLE 48 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED VINYL ESTER COMPOSITES BY TABLE 49 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 50 KEY REINFORCED PHENOLIC COMPOSITES TRADE NAMES AND SUPPLIERS 145 TABLE 51 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PHENOLIC COMPOSITES BY TABLE 52 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYURETHANE COMPOSITES BY TABLE 53 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED OTHER THERMOSET COMPOSITES BY TABLE 54 GLOBAL MARKET SUMMARY OF REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 55 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 56 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS, THROUGH 2019 (BILLION POUNDS) TABLE 57 SELECTED AUTOMOTIVE UNDER-THE-HOOD REINFORCED RESIN COMPOSITES BY PART

26 TABLE HEADING TABLE 58 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE UTH MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 59 RESINS USED FOR SPECIFIC EXTERIOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS 172 TABLE 60 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE EXTERIOR MARKET, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 61 RESINS USED FOR SPECIFIC INTERIOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS 174 TABLE 62 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES IN AUTOMOTIVE INTERIORS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 63 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 64 FORECAST OF GLOBAL MATERIAL USAGE IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2035 (%) TABLE 65 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION/INFRASTRUCTURE BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 66 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES ANTICORROSION MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 67 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARINE PRODUCTS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 68 IMPORTANT TECHNICAL FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN SELECTING PCB SUBSTRATE MATERIALS TABLE 69 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES ELECTRONICS MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 70 SELECTED MAJOR APPLICATIONS FOR POLYMERS IN APPLIANCES 219 TABLE 71 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE APPLIANCE MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 72 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AEROSPACE MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 73 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE CONSUMER PRODUCTS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 74 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MISCELLANEOUS MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) TABLE 75 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY

27 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE TITLE SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY 6