Mitigation Approach Mitigation (2)
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1 Oregon University Buildings Earthquake Mitigation Program 100 th Anniversary Earthquake Conference April 18, 2006 Yumei Wang, PE Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries The Awareness Problem 1987: Oregon s s Seismic Hazard recognized Cascadia Subduction Zone fault 1993: Seismic Building Code 1999: Statewide Damage & Loss study HAZARD + EXPOSURE = RISK The Political Awakening 1989: Earthquake Commission by EO 1991: School drills in K-8; K Site Specific Investigations; Instrumentation 1995: Tsunami drills in coastal schools & building restrictions 2001: Laws on educational & emergency response buildings; drills large employers 2002: Citizens voted for earthquake safety 2005: State surveys and grant funds The Problem with Oregon University Buildings Old, diverse buildings (URMs( URMs) ) 7 campuses Half of State Assets 2002: OUS Bob Simonton champion forms partnership w/dogami 2004: $3.8M FEMA PDM grant 2005: $8M lottery funds & $2.6M FEMA : 2009: $210M request/need Mitigation Approach Mitigation (2) Determine high risk buildings (FEMA RVS) Prioritize (developed CODA score method) Combine with other needs (energy, ADA) Helped establish State Bond Funds ($1.2B) 1
2 Seismic Rehabilitation Projects of Oregon University Buildings 1966 Ondine Residence Hall Portland State University Five buildings on four campuses PSU, OIT, WOU & OSU Diverse buildings (URM, concrete, steel) Demonstration projects to increase awareness, promote mitigation projects, & disaster preparedness GOAL: Safer campuses & communities Long term $$$$ effort Ondine Residence Hall (15 story soft story) 4 Mitigation Solutions Rebar Coupler Problem Discovered 1: Welded rebar in columns 2: Added concrete wall (exterior) 3: Added 3/8 steel plates (interior) 4: New cross-bracing Installation of Concrete Forms Completed Steel Plates Welded Together 2
3 Cross Bracing Installation in Progress 1916 Montgomery Court: URM Residence Hall URM Construction Features Tying the URM Wall to a New Roof Header Course Arched Windows Concrete Ornament Bracing Parapet Bracing Wood support Epoxy Coated Anchor Steel Bracing Plywood Sheets New Roof material 3
4 Stairwell Reinforcement Snell Hall Administration: Oregon Institute of Technology on fault; 1993 damage 5 Structural Mitigation Solutions: Directions & Location Compaction of Foundation Subgrade Direction Story Mitigation Solution Short Short Long Long Short Below grade 1st 1st 2 nd 2 nd Add Soil Anchors & Foundation Add Steel Tube Bracing Add Steel Moment Frame Add diagonal rod bracing Improved Existing Moment Frame New Steel Reinforcement Rebar 4
5 Diagonal Rod Bracing Nash Hall (1968) Lift Slab: Oregon State University Major Deficiencies and Issues Lift slab construction w/poor connections Two extra slabs under roof Risk for pancake style collapse Biohazards (include. radioactive materials) Heat for several buildings Nash Hall: Extra Lift Slabs Laboratory Contents 5
6 Chemical Tanks in Basement Pancake Collapse (1987) L Ambiance Plaza, Bridgeport, CT One slab fell & initiated a pancake failure. Collapsed in 5 seconds. Progressive slipping of rod & nuts initiated collapse. Stacked floor slabs. Seven-inch thick post- tensioned, concrete slabs & steel columns Shear walls for lateral support. Status of Construction at the Time of the Collapse Humanities and Social Science (1964): Western Oregon University HSS North/South Classroom Wing Soft First Story South Façade ade (EW Wing) 6
7 Major Deficiencies and Issues HVAC Unit at Roof Level Severe soft story portion in EW wing Little redundancy in electrical system hub (HSS houses the electrical intake that serves 1/3 of the university s s electricity) SPRING ISOLATOR DEFICIENT QUESTIONS 7
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WISCONSIN PLACE RESIDENTIAL TECHNICAL ASSIGNMENT 2 OCTOBER 29, 2007 KURT KRASAVAGE THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY STRUCTURAL OPTION FACULTY ADVISOR: DR. ALI MEMARI 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents.2