Seed trade in the Nordic region in plant health perspective. Son 9 th September, 2014 Kari Leinonen Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira

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1 Seed trade in the Nordic region in plant health perspective Son 9 th September, 2014 Kari Leinonen Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira

2 Content Marketing requirements for forest tree seeds EU legislation OECD Forest Seed and Plant Scheme EU equivalence Import from third countries Pest risk profile for forest reproductive material Plant health regulations for forest tree seeds EU legislation Emergency measures for Gibberella circinata Finnish statistics on seed trade between Finland and other countries

3 Forest tree seed trade in the EU internal market Marketing requirements Directive 1999/105/EC on the marketing of forest reproductive material (FRM) Includes provisions for the approval and registration of basic material and subsequent production of FRM from that basic material. All FRM lots brought to the market must have a master certificate issued by the official bodies as an evidence that the lots has been collected from the approved basic material. The seeds must be marketed in sealed packages. The seeds must be accompanied by the supplier s label or document giving all the necessary information for the buyer.

4 OECD Forest Seed and Plant Scheme The OECD Forest Seed and Plant Scheme is a certification system to facilitate international trade in forest seeds and plants. The Scheme aims to encourage the production and use of forest reproductive materials that have been collected, processed, raised, labelled and distributed in a manner that ensure their trueness to name. The OECD Forest Seed and Plant Scheme has equivalence in the EU legislation.

5 Import of forest tree seeds from OECD countries to EU Council Decision 971/2008/EC on the equivalence of forest reproductive material produced in third countries (amended by Council Decision 1104/2012/EC) The import of forest tree seeds is possible from Canada, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland, Turkey and the United States. The systems for the approval and registration of basic material and the subsequent production of reproductive material from that basic material should follow the OECD Forest Seed and Plant Scheme. The seeds should have OECD Certificate of Provenance. Supplier shall inform official body in advance of the import The official body shall issue a Master Certificate based on the official OECD Certificate of Provenance before the material is placed on the EU internal market.

6 Import of forest tree seeds from certain third countries to EU Commission Decision (EC) No 989/2008 authorising Member States, in accordance with Council Directive 1999/105/EC, to take decisions on the equivalence of guarantees afforded by forest reproductive material to be imported from certain third countries The import of source identified seeds is possible from Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, The Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia and New Zealand. Member States are authorised to make the equivalence decision. The seeds must be accompanied by a master certificate or an official certificate issued by the country of origin. Member States shall immediately notify the Commission and other Member States of any decisions taken.

7 Pest risk profile for forest reproductive material Forest tree seeds From the perspective of plant health seeds are generally considered safe products in international trade. Seed import do not usually cause serious plant health risks. However, the seeds may contain non-regulated pests which may cause problems for seeding production in nurseries and for forest regeneration. Forest tree plants Import of forest plants are regulated more strictly. Council Directive 2000/29/EC prohibits the import of most coniferous plants for planting outside Europe e.g. from North America, Far East.

8 Plant health requirements for forest tree seeds in EU Council directive 2000/29/EC on the protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community There are no permanent restrictions for forest tree seeds. Commission Decision (2007/433/EC) on provisional emergency measures to prevent the introduction into and the spread within the Community of Gibberella circinata The plants, seeds and cones of Pinus and Pseudotsuga menziesii shall fulfill the specific conditions for movement within EU and special requirements when the seed are imported into the community. The Annexes of the directive 2000/29/EC are under revision Giberella circinata may be listed and permanent measures may be introduced against this organism in the EU.

9 Gibberella cirginata Nirenberg & O Donnell Gibberella cirginata is a fungal plant pathogen that cause the serious disease called pitch canker The fungus cause a severe tree damage with the development of a bark canker and may cause significant mortality of Pinus spp. (47 Pinus species and Pseudotsuga menziesii) Shoots, branches, cones, seeds, stems and exposed roots may be infected Native to Mexico or south eastern USA In Europe it has been found in Northern Spain, France and Portugal, with unconfirmed report in Italy The disease has not been found from Nordic region It may be possible that seedlings grown in greenhouse could be infected and damaged by the pest at this stage

10 Conditions for movement of pine and Douglas fir seeds within EU Pine and Douglas fir seeds may be moved within the Community only if they are accompanied by a plant passport and, a) they have been grown throughout their life or since their introduction into the Community in a place of production of a Member State where the organism is not known to occur; or b) they have been grown throughout their life or since their introduction into the Community, in a place of production in a pest-free area, established by the responsible official body in a Member State, in accordance with relevant International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures; or c) they originate in a place of production where no signs of the specified organism have been observed during official inspections within a period of two years prior to movement and have been tested immediately prior to movement. Plant passport and suppliers label can be combined

11 Specific import requirements for pine and Douglas fir seeds Pine and Douglas fir seeds originating in third countries shall be accompanied by a Phytosanitary Certificate that the specified plants originate in a place of production which is registered and supervised by the national plant protection organisation in the country of origin. The Phytosanitary Certificate shall include an additional declaration described in the next slide. The seeds are, on entry into the Community, inspected and, where appropriate, tested for the presence of the specified organism

12 Additional declaration in Phytosanitary certificate Additional declaration shall include a statement that the specified plants originate in a place of production which is registered and supervised by the national plant protection organisation in the country of origin, and a) they have been grown throughout their life in countries where the specified organism is not known to occur; or b) they have been grown throughout their life in a pest-free area, established by the national plant protection organisation in the country of origin in accordance with relevant International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures. The name of the pest-free area shall be mentioned under the rubric place of origin ; or c) they originate in a place of production where no signs of the specified organism have been observed during official inspections within a period of two years prior to export and have been tested immediately prior to export

13 Finnish statistics on forest tree seed trade When FRM is marketed from Finland to another EU member state, the supplier of the material must submit a notification to Evira on the lot sold. Evira shall send an information document based on this notification to the competent authority of the recipient country within three months. Evira receives the information documents from other countries regarding FRM imported to Finland. Based on the information received, Evira compiles statistics on trade in seeds and seedlings between Finland and other EU Member States The statistics on the seed trade between Finland and third countries has been collected since 2010.

14 Imports and exports of forest tree seeds Finnish statistics

15 Imports and exports of forest tree seeds by species. Finnish statistics

16 Imports and exports of forest tree seeds by countries. Finnish statistics Country Trade to EU Member state Trade from EU Member state Denmark 7,3 Estonia 68,1 166,8 Germany 9,4 Latvia 0,5 Lithuania 100,0 Slovakia 26,5 Sweden 2413,2 1243,9 The Netherlands 20,0 United kingdom 1,0 Total 2490,0 1566,6

17 Imports and exports of forest tree seeds by countries. Finnish statistics Country Export to third countries Import from third countries Brazil 0,01 Canada 0,20 4,50 Iceland 67,21 Norway 3,95 Total 71,37 4,50

18 Thank you