City of Madison Forestry Section. Autumn Purple Ash along John Nolan Drive

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1 City of Madison Forestry Section Autumn Purple Ash along John Nolan Drive

2 City of Madison Forestry Pruning street and park trees. Section Services: Storm Damage Response. Removal of dead, dying and hazardous trees. Assess potential threats to urban forest. (Oak wilt, Dutch elm disease, Emerald Ash Borer, Asian Long Horned Beetle, others??) Manage and respond to tree insect and disease issues.

3 City of Madison Forestry Public Education Section Services: Involved in city engineering reconstruction projects for street and park tree preservation.

4 City of Madison Forestry Section Services: Planting Planting approximately 3,000 street trees annually. Celebrate Arbor Week. 22 years as TREE CITY USA designated by Arbor Day Foundation Mayor Soglin & Alder Cnare celebrating Arbor Day with grade school students

5 City of Madison Forestry Section Services: Where? miles of streets 263 parks City cemetery Bike paths 4 city golf courses. Street Tree Inventory estimated at 105,000

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7 What is Emerald Ash Borer? About ½-inch long. Only ash trees

8 Life cycle D-shaped

9 How EAB harms ash trees

10 How Did EAB Spread?

11 EAB in September 2008

12 Where has EAB been located? July 2010

13 EAB 2011

14 How did EAB Spread?

15 How important are ash trees? Estimate: 5.4 Million ash trees in Wisconsin. Estimate: 22% of Madison s street trees are ash (or 22,000 trees). Estimate: 20,000 or more ash trees on Park Property. Estimate: 30% of Madison s privately owned trees are ash (30,000).

16 Ash Trees in Our Community Average life span of an ash street tree is 30 to 40 years. Landscape and street trees increase property values. Contribute to the quality of life in a neighborhood.

17 What is being done Nationally about EAB? Quarantine Once EAB is confirmed, the county is quarantined. No movement of wood allowed out of quarantined county. Research Insecticides, ash genetics, dispersal methods, economic impact and bio-control. Awareness Burn it where you buy it EAB Awareness Week.

18 What is being done in Certified firewood. Wisconsin? Trapping of ash trees to find EAB. Encouraging local communities to develop response plans.

19 What is being done in Madison? Conducted public education sessions. Expanded species diversity. Participating in EAB surveys. Inventoried street trees. EAB task force revised 2008 EAB response plan and continues to research additional response options. Diversified the street tree population.

20 Testing for EAB Selectively harvest 2 limbs from selected ash trees. Take samples between October and March. Take samples within mile grid pattern. Begin whittling thin pieces of bark and watch for larvae galleries.

21 (If EAB infestation is discovered in Madison or Dane County, State of Wisconsin guidelines and regulations would have to be followed, but all options for mitigating EAB s impact would be reexamined and the best options that help us preserve the tree canopy and public safety would be pursued.) EAB Taskforce Recommendations Begin preemptively removing ash trees in poor condition, under electric transmission lines or because of Forestry staff decision and replant them with different, diverse species within one year of removal (or next appropriate planting season) to hasten the recovery of City s green infrastructure. Remove ash trees when advantageous during infrastructure maintenance, unless street tree is considered a legacy or high value tree, and replace them with different species within one year. Provide options for homeowners to chemically treat publically owned trees through a city permit, Adopt-a-Tree Program, special assessment or request by homeowner for preemptive tree removal and replacement by City Forestry staff. Provide for chemical treatment of trees where appropriate to preserve legacy or high value tress or when tree canopy needs to be preserved for environmental, economic or social reasons.

22 What can you do? Do not haul away or buy firewood from quarantine areas. Educate yourself on EAB. Support your City Forestry program. Diversify the trees in your private landscape.

23 More information Go to Forestry Section

24 EAB Task Force Members Katie Crawley, Mayor s Office Al Schumacher, Streets Superintendent Kevin Briski, Parks Superintendent Bill Vandenbrook, Fleet Service Superintendent Chris Kelley, Streets Operations Manager Charles Romines, Parks Maintenance Manager Tim Fruit, Admin. Analyst Comptroller Office Karl van Lith, Org. Dev. & Training Office Marla Eddy, City Forester Dean Kahl, Forestry Operations Supervisor Nancy Castillo, Forestry Admin. Clerk

25 Questions/Comments Thank you for your time!! Marla Eddy, City of Madison Forester (608)

26 Management Options Considered Remove infested ash trees as they become a public safety concern. Chemically treat all ash trees need to consider an annualized cost for life of tree. Preemptive removal of 10-inches Diameter Breast Height (DBH) or less, ash in poor condition, during infrastructure improvements and chemically treat only legacy and high value trees. Preemptive removal of 10-inches DBH or less, ash in poor condition, during infrastructure improvements and replace, and no chemical treatment. Remove all terrace ash trees and replace removed trees systematically and preemptively anticipating that EAB will eventually arrive in Madison. Allow homeowners to voluntarily enter into a fee based agreement with the City of Madison to treat city owned trees. A combination of any of the above.

27 Remove infested ash trees as they become a public safety concern. Infestation as been confirmed. Removal of ash trees would begin in October and would continue throughout the winter months until March. EAB is dormant during this time frame. Current research demonstrates trees that show 40% or greater crown dieback are not treatable.

28 Chemically treat all ash trees need to consider an annualized cost for life of tree. Three insecticides for protecting ash trees from EAB : Imidacloprid, Emamectin benzoate and Dinotefuran. Ash showing more than 40 percent canopy decline are highly unlikely to recover even if treated. Once you begin insecticide treatments you must continue the treatment every year or two for the desired life of the tree. Environmental impact of the insecticides used for protecting ash trees from EAB is unknown. Research is ongoing in this area. Research and experience suggests that EAB control with insecticides becomes less consistent on larger trees.

29 Preemptive removal of 10-inches (DBH) or less, ash in poor condition, during infrastructure improvements. Chemically treat only legacy and high value trees. Legacy tree are significant in size and/or are historical in value. High value tree are trees in highly visible areas. Long-term environmental effects of chemical treatments are unknown.

30 Preemptive removal of 10-inches DBH or less, ash in poor condition, during infrastructure improvements and replace, no chemical treatment. Costs are known and fixed and can be planned for annually. Allows for timely replacement of canopy sooner, leading to more diverse urban forest. Sufficient funding must be available.

31 Remove all terrace ash tree and replace removed trees systematically and preemptively, anticipating that EAB will eventually arrive in Madison. Costs are known and fixed and can be planned for annually. Allows for timely replacement of canopy sooner, leading to more diverse urban forest. Sufficient funding must be available.

32 Allow homeowners to voluntarily enter into a fee-based agreement with the City of Madison to treat city owned trees. Tree canopy is retained. There is no guarantee of 100% success. Unknown ecological impact of broad applications of pesticides. Trees with significant trunk wounds or poor condition ratings would not be treated.

33 Combination Combination of the options mentioned previously.

34 Calculations for all ash street trees

35 Calculations for all ash street trees.

36 Plan Description Why important? Remove All All ash trees will be removed. No trees replanted. Management Plan After the EAB comes to your city, you will have to remove the ash trees in order to prevent dead trees from falling on people or property and causing harm. Although this plan has the lowest long term out of pocket expenses it removes valuable healthy tress that may be saved with insecticides. Depending on local costs for pesticide treatment and removal, large trees can be lse3ss expensive to protect, than to remove. In the long term, this plan causes the greatest losses to the aesthetic, ecological value that ash trees provide your city. Use the graph of forest sizes (Total DBH over Time) to determine how long it will take the forest to get back to its original size in comparison to plans that replace the ash trees which have been removed. Replace All Treat All All ash trees will be removed and replaced by a new tree. All ash trees will be treated with insecticides. This option replaces every ash tree with a new tree that won t get EAB. No pesticides are applied. In time ash forest will be replace with a different forest. Depending on local costs for pesticide treatment and removal, large trees can be less expensive to protect than to remove. Although based on out of pocket dollars this plan is the least costly way to manage your forest and allow it to regain its former size, it discards man healthy trees that provide real economic value to the city. Use the graph of forest size (Total DBH over Time) to determine how long it will take the forest to get back to its original size. This plan has the lowest annual out of pocket cost, but the greatest coast over time. Costs of treatment can be reduced if you are strategic about the trees in which you invest treatment dollars. In most urban forests there are trees that are in poor condition or in poor sites that are simply not worth saving. Depending on local costs for pesticide treatment and removal, healthy large trees can be less expensive to protect then to remove. Research demonstrates that insecticides can protect healthy trees until they reach 25 DBH. Research with recently available products is still underway to determine the size limit of trees that can be protected. For more information please see this link: Calculations for all ash street trees Use the graph of forest size (total DBH over Time) to determine how long it will take the forest to get back to its original size.

37 Calculations for all ash street trees

38 Calculations for all ash street trees

39 Calculations for all ash street trees

40 Cost calculations for small ash street trees. These are ash street that trees are 10 inches DBH and smaller.

41 Cost calculations for small ash street trees. These are ash street that trees are 10 inches DBH and smaller.

42 Plan Description Why important? Remove All All ash trees will be removed. No trees replanted. Management Plan After the EAB comes to your city, you will have to remove the ash trees in order to prevent dead trees from falling on people or property and causing harm. Although this plan has the lowest long term out of pocket expenses it removes valuable healthy tress that may be saved with insecticides. Depending on local costs for pesticide treatment and removal, large trees can be lse3ss expensive to protect, than to remove. Replace All All ash trees will be removed and replaced by a new tree. In the long term, this plan causes the greatest losses to the aesthetic, ecological value that ash trees provide your city. Use the graph of forest sizes (Total DBH over Time) to determine how long it will take the forest to get back to its original size in comparison to plans that replace the ash trees which have been removed. This option replaces every ash tree with a new tree that won t get EAB. No pesticides are applied. In time ash forest will be replace with a different forest. Depending on local costs for pesticide treatment and removal, large trees can be less expensive to protect than to remove. Although based on out of pocket dollars this plan is the least costly way to manage your forest and allow it to regain its former size, it discards man healthy trees that provide real economic value to the city. Use the graph of forest size (Total DBH over Time) to determine how long it will take the forest to get back to its original size. Cost calculations for small ash street trees. Treat All All ash trees will be treated with insecticides. This plan has the lowest annual out of pocket cost, but the greatest coast over time. Costs of treatment can be reduced if you are strategic about the trees in which you invest treatment dollars. In most urban forests there are trees that are in poor condition or in poor sites that are simply not worth saving. Depending on local costs for pesticide treatment and removal, healthy large trees can be less expensive to protect then to remove. Research demonstrates that insecticides can protect healthy trees until they reach 25 DBH. Research with recently available products is still underway to determine the size limit of trees that can be protected. For more information please see this link: Use the graph of forest size (total DBH over Time) to determine how long it will take the forest to get back to its original size. These are ash street that trees are 10 inches DBH and smaller.

43 Cost calculations for small ash street trees. These are ash street that trees are 10 inches DBH and smaller.

44 Cost calculations for small ash street trees. These are ash street that trees are 10 inches DBH and smaller.

45 Small ash trees only

46 Chemical Treatment Information Active Ingredient Type of Application Timing of Treatment How often reapplied? Average cost of treatment per 20- inch DBH ash tree* Imidacloprid Soil injection or drench Mid-fall and/or mid- to late spring Annually $20/year Dinotefuran Systemic bark spray or soil injection Early May through June Annually $35/year Emamectin benzoate Trunk injection Early May through June Every two years $62.40 every two years Source Rainbow Tree Care **Additional research is being conducted on a fourth option, an organic product called Tree-azin. More detail will be provided as City Forestry learns more about it.