Use of GIS in Fire Research and Management. Brad Hawkes, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, B.C.
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1 Use of GIS in Fire Research and Management Brad Hawkes, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, B.C.
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3 The Right GIS Tool for the Right Application!!! Hey! Look what Zog do!
4 In what ways do fire managers use GIS? Are the Fire Researchers using GIS tools in the most effective way to improve fire management?
5 Computer Decision Support Systems Manipulate spatial info on: Fuels Fire Occurrence Fire Behaviour Suppression Resources Fire Weather Resource Values Fire Risk
6 National Fire Data Warehouse A centralized data warehouse, maintained at the Northern Forestry Centre, for all national fire information Data collected from international, federal, and provincial/territorial sources Provides information for public safety and emergency preparedness reporting as well as scientific analysis The data warehouse is the data source for the Canadian Wildland Fire Information System (CWFIS) Fire Data Warehouse Data access through the National Forest Information System (NFIS) and CFSNet
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9 Wildfire Threat Analysis CALM 1988 AUSTRALIA repeatable means of integrating the key factors that contribute to wildfire threat to determine the values most at risk.
10 1:250,000 Range of Map Output and Scales <1:1,000 1:100,000 1:5,000 Provincial. Municipality 1:20,000 Fire Risk Assessment. FireSmart
11 Credit: Flow Chart from B.A. Blackwell and Assoc. Early Model Structure
12 Wildfire Threat Robson Valley District
13 From Analyzing Risks to Evaluating Strategies Risks Strategies Low * * * Probability High * * * * * Low * * * High Consequence Low * do nothing Probability High Low active intervention High * Consequence
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16 Fire Growth Modeling Examples of Fire Growth Models Raster Models Elliptical Models FireBRAND Gwynfor Richards PFAS - Kerry Anderson Wildfire - Bernie Todd ARCView Prometheus Canadian Agencies Farsite Mark Finney Rams Model Others - FireNB - Ugo Feunekes - Remsoft Inc. PBMS - Tome Grimes, Evergreen
17 B.C. Wildland Fire Management Strategy Monitor and manage, rather than suppress, fires that are of minimal risk to communities, infrastructure or resource values In 2009 fire season, 800 wildfires burning. Resources for suppression brought from other provinces. Some of these wildfires were being monitored that were not near critical values. How to decide on which to monitor?
18 Fire Probability Mapping - Fire Research, Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB Burn probability (%)
19 Forest Management Practices Fuel Management Strategies Implementing fuels management at strategic locations on the landscape to reduce the risk of large fires ( fire door effect) Miller Western managed 2000 CFS
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21 Describing disturbance severity: (Kenney Dam Fire, June 2004; courtesy of Scott Scholefield) (Burton et al. 2008, Int.J.Wild.Fire 17: )
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23 Large Fire Database Annual Area Burned (%) < Fires >200 ha post Polygons with attributes (fire size, cause, start and end dates etc.) 1980s fires in central Canada illustrated
24 BC Fire and Insect Spatial Databases B.C. Linen maps B.C. Linen maps
25 MPB and Fire GIS analysis MPB and fire incidence ** MPB There appear to be peaks in burn rate 2-3 and years following past outbreaks
26 Gray and Blackwell southern BC Interior Fire Regime Analysis
27 BC Fire Regimes Changes in crown closure in Okanagan Mtn. Park CC 1 CC 3 CC 4
28 13 Patches 8,886 ha 15 Patches 28 ha Landscape Fire Disturbance Modeling and Patch Size Analysis 54 Patches 697 ha 76 Patches 1,163 ha
29 SELES Event Simulator Event Instance Event Instance
30 Where We Want To Go Current Natural Patch sizes similar Patch sizes variable Less core forest More core forest More roads Less roads
31 Climate Change and Fire in BC Change in Fire Weather Index indicator of fire intensity
32 Pine age susceptibility and climatic suitability
33 Direct Carbon Emissions from Fires in Canada Tg carbon year Year
34 Grid-sampling method - Rate of spread measurements 30 m 15 m
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