Day 4: Politics-Administration Dichotomy
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1 Day 4: Politics-Administration Dichotomy Daniel J. Mallinson Political Science Stockton University POLS 3180 Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
2 Road map History of Public Administration Discuss the politics-administration dichotomy Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
3 History of Administration Key Points The development of administration in the United States has been driven by reactions to problems in previous forms of administration. Attempts to control the administration have tended to expand its power (Nelson 1982) Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
4 The Revolution ( ) Extension of effective British bureaucracy to colonies A strong reaction to administrative power Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
5 The Revolution ( ) Management of war by legislative committee Articles of Confederation codified the strong reaction to executive power Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
6 The Revolution ( ) Ultimately, executive power won the day Constitution left control of the bureaucracy unclear No theories of management Hereditary bureaucratic leadership Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
7 Jacksonian Democracy ( ) Reforming a privileged bureaucracy Creating a churning bureaucracy Introduction of oversight and control Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
8 Reform ( ) Civil service implemented Separation of politics and administration Accountability remained unclear Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
9 Reform ( ) The Politics-Administration Dichotomy What is it? Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
10 Reform ( ) The Politics-Administration Dichotomy What is it? Goodnow (1900) Politics has to do with policies or expressions of the popular will. Administration has to do with the execution of these policies. Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
11 Reform ( ) Politics-Administration Dichotomy Administration held accountable by elected officials Legislature settles political questions Professional administrators perform assigned tasks Key question: What should government properly and successfully do? Woodrow Wilson, Ph.D. Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
12 Answering Wilson s Question Theory of Market Failure Market failure = inefficient allocation of goods and services Causes Imperfect competition (e.g., monopoly) Non-excludability (i.e., public goods/the commons) Externalities Information asymmetry Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
13 Historical Roots of Public Administration Developed first in Europe, in non-democratic regimes Merit system adopted in US in response to spoils Attempt to separate politics and administration Goal: a science of administration Concurrent development of scientific management theory Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
14 Representation ( ) Rise of client agencies Protection of groups through independent regulatory commissions Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
15 Growth in Government (1910s s) What is happening? Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
16 Growth in Government (1910s s) What is happening? World War I Great Depression World War II Cold War War on Poverty Rights Movements Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
17 Growth in Government (1910s s) The Economists Speak Notice growth in budget Birth of the self-interested budget maximizer Theory of Government (Non-Market Failure) Crisis in Public Administration Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
18 Fiscal Federalism and REGO (1980s - Present) Growth in use of quasi-markets Vouchers Government provides funding for a service, but it competes as a producer with private entity and non-profits Contracting Government provides a good or service, but it is produced by a private entity or non-profit Tiebout Sorting Municipalities offer different market baskets of goods and services (schools, police, fire, sanitation, etc); consumers vote with their feet Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
19 Fiscal Federalism (Third Party Government) Federal government is large source of state funding Block grants Categorical grants Cost sharing (Medicaid) Cross-over sanctions Mallinson Day 4 September 14, / 17
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