NATIONAL SMART CITY MISSION. PRS Legislative Research

Transcription

1 NATIONAL SMART CITY MISSION PRS Legislative Research

2 Contents Smart Cities Mission Smart City Proposals Implementation Challenges/Opportunities

3 SMART CITIES MISSION

4 Game Changers Citizen Engagement Collaborative Competition Convergence Area Based Approach Strategic Planning Scenario Planning Learning and Replicability Models of Development RETROFIT REDEVELOPMENT GREENFIELD Drive economic growth & improve quality of life by enabling local development & harnessing technology as a means to create smart outcomes for citizens 15% housing in affordable category 80% of buildings should be energy efficient 10% energy generation using solar power SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLE Formed as a Limited Company incorporated under Companies Act, 2013 at City Level To Plan, Appraise, Release Funds, Implement, Manage, Operate, Monitor and Evaluate Smart City Development Projects 109 CITIES IN ALL STATES AND UTS 54,500 CRORE INVESTMENT BY CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

5 Smart Cities Timeline

6 FEATURES Total of 109 smart cities in 5 years 20 lighthouse cities 13 cities in fast track competition 27 cities in Round 2 SCORING CRITERIA City Level Criteria Cities so Far Area Based Development Pan City Solution 30% 55% 15% IN 60 CITIES Total Cost of Projects - 131,762 Crore Urban Population impacted- 72,266,232 Lighthouse cities Fast Track cities Round 2 cities Budget breakdown

7 OBSERVATIONS FROM 33 CITIES (LIGHTHOUSE AND FAST TRACK CITIES) Convergence 16% of total smart city budgets for 33 cities is proposed to be converged from GoI and State Schemes GoI programmes identified for convergence AMRUT (water supply, sewerage, storm water drains, open spaces) HRIDAY (heritage conservation) Housing for All / PMAY Swacch Bharat Digital India Make in India Skill India National Solar Mission National Urban Health Mission National Livelihoods Mission IPDS (Integrated Power Development Scheme) FAME

8 Highlights from SCPs of 33 Cities (Lighthouse and Fast Track Cities) SMART CITY PROPOSALS

9 Profile Lighthouse Fast Track DIVERSITY OF CITIES Lighthouse cities Fast Track cities Geographically spread in 24 states Port cities, market towns, tourist destinations, administrative cities, heritage cities, new towns and industrial cities Varying civic status Municipal Corporations (31), Municipal Council (1), Development Authority (1) City population varies from 22 thousand (Dharamshala) to 55 lakh (Ahmedabad) City area varies from 12.3 sq.km (Dharamshala) to sq.km (Vishakapattanam) Percentage of ABD area varies from 0.5% (Bhopal) to 25% (Dharamshala) Varying financial position, credit ratings and borrowing capacities Tier 1 2 Cities Tier 2 20 Cities Tier 3 10 Cities (Tier NA for New Town Kolkata)

10 HIGHLIGHTS FROM SCPS OF 33 CITIES (LIGHTHOUSE AND FAST TRACK) Highlights Greenfield only 1 Redevelopment only 6 Retrofit only 15 Retrofit & Greenfield 1 Retrofit and Redevelopment 10 PAN CITY PROPOSALS ITS and Urban Mobility (26) e-gov Services (15) Smart Solid Waste Mgt. (11) Smart Water & Sewerage Mgt.(8) Control & Command Center (7) Smart Energy Mgt. & LED Lighting (6) m-gov Services (5) Citizen Engagement Platform (4) GIS Mapping & E-town Planning (3) Smart Disaster Mgt (3) Security & Safety (2) Smart Education & Health (1) Incident Response Center (1) AREA BASED DEVELOPMENT Transit Infrastructure (19) Lake and River Precinct (17) Open Space Management (16) Affordable Housing (14) Heritage Area (13 ) Central Business District And Markets (11) Incubation Centre (6) Street Facade Improvement (5) Flood Management (4) Museum (2) Mega Projects: Stadium, Convention Centre Etc. (2)

11 FOCUS AREAS -Mobility -Environmental Sustainability -ICT Beyond Governance -Financial Analysis

12 Agartala Ahmedabad Belagavi Bhagalpur Bhopal Bhubaneswar Chandigarh Chennai Coimbatore Davanagere Dharamshala Faridabad Guwahati Imphal Indore Jabalpur Jaipur Kakinada Kochi Lucknow Ludhiana New Delhi Town Panaji Port Blair Pune Raipur Ranchi Solapur Surat Udaipur Visakhapatnam Warangal HIGHLIGHTS FROM SCPS OF 33 CITIES (LIGHTHOUSE AND FAST TRACK) Mobility 24,615 crore investment in mobility related projects (32% of total SCP budget for 33 Cities) Primary focus on 5 areas: Physical Infrastructure ITS/ICT Clean Fuel Street Redesign Vehicle Sustainable transportation investments include NMT infrastructure = 4675 crore Bus based systems = 2874 crore 12 cities identified TOD/TOZ and 8 cities have proposed land-use-transportation integration Row Labels Physical Infra ICT/ITS Clean Fuel Public Transit Traffic Management Vehicles

13 70 HIGHLIGHTS FROM SCPS OF 33 CITIES (LIGHTHOUSE AND FAST TRACK) Overall 542 projects by 33 cities = 25,000 crore approx. (32% of SCP budget for 33 cities) Green City Design and Resilient Infrastructure Services = 423 projects Energy Efficient Public Transport = 62 Projects Energy Efficient and Sustainable Buildings = 31 projects Smart Energy Systems and Grids = 108 projects Heavy focus on Green City Design and Resilient Infrastructure Environmental Sustainability These are primary utility systems such as Sanitation and Sewerage management, Solid Waste Management, Efficiency in Water Supply (metering and leakage detection) Count of Green City Design and Resilient Infrastructure Services Count of Energy Efficient and Sustainable Buildings Count of Smart Energy Systems and Grids for Cities Count of Energy Efficient Public Transport

14 HIGHLIGHTS FROM SCPS OF 33 CITIES (LIGHTHOUSE AND FAST TRACK) Role of ICT Use of ICT beyond e-governance towards Solutions for Planning Under JnNURM, ICT mostly for e-governance reforms In Smart Cities, use of ICT for planning solutions Investments in 330 projects about 15,000 crore on ICT based technologies 1. Ubiquitous Broadband Networks 24 Cities 2. Sensor Based Systems 28 Cities 3. Stakeholder collaboration and collective problem solving 18 Cities 4. City Apps, City Dashboards and Open Data 28 Cities 5. Provision of Spaces (innovation hubs, Wi-Fi hubs, command and control centers) 22 Cities 6. Capacity building and public outreach 11 cities Main focus in using ICT beyond governance is for energy efficiency and mobility solutions Example: ICT enabled pan city proposals for mobility include- Traffic management Intelligent signaling Common ticketing system Smart bus shelters Web based apps

15 HIGHLIGHTS FROM SCPS OF 33 CITIES (LIGHTHOUSE AND FAST TRACK) PPP is the single largest funding source in most cities after Smart City mission funds and Convergence Land monetization is the most widely used mechanism within own source revenue enhancement Borrowing (loans) is the least preferred option 148 projects out of 1076 projects in 28 cities* are proposed under PPP 25% 6% 21% 2% Financial Mobilization SCP Resources Plan Smart City mission 33% Convergence PPP Loans Own sources 13% Others SCP RESOURCES PLAN Others Own sources Average budget: INR 2351 Crore Loans PPP Convergence Smart city mission * Project level funding source is available only for 28 cities out of 33

16 Financial Analysis of 33 Cities City Budget (INR Crore) Budget Efficiency Funding Leverage Mobilisation Diversity Revenue Capacity* Expenditure Capacity JnNURM Property Tax Reform Credit Rating Bhubaneshwar BBB Pune AA- Jaipur BBB+ Surat AA Kochi BBB- Ahmedabad A+ Jabalpur BB+ Vishakapattanam A Solapur Devanagere Under Progress Indore BBB NDMC AA Coimbatore BBB+ Kakinada Belgavi Udaipur Guwahati BB Chennai BBB+ Ludhiana BBB- Bhopal BBB- Lucknow BB Warangal Dharamshala Chandigarh A+ Raipur In Progress BBB Newtown Kolkata Bhagalpur Panaji A+ Port Blair Imphal Ranchi BB- Agartala Faridabad BBB- Overall *Revenue Capacity of 20 lighthouse cities is sourced from Barjor Mehta

17 HIGHLIGHTS FROM SCPS OF 33 CITIES (LIGHTHOUSE AND FAST TRACK) Citizen Engagement Use of Technology 16 cities out of 33 propose citizen engagement projects in SCP with an allocation of about 850 crore (1% of total budget of 33 cities). They are mainly of two kinds: Decision Making (e.g. participatory budgeting) Feedback and Information dissemination (dashboards, websites, mobile apps) Types of engagement * in preparation of SCP (in 20 Lighthouse cities only) 45% of the lighthouse cities sent out s 70% of the cities used SMS and Whatsapp YouTube was used as a method to share information in 35% of cities 90% of lighthouse cities used Facebook and 70% of cities used Twitter 75% of the lighthouse cities created their own website portals and apps 95% of cities used MyGov Among all cities * Source: Citizen Engagement in Lighthouse cities by Bloomberg Philanthropies

18 IMPLEMENTATION

19 SPV FORMATION (33 CITIES) Total Number of Winning Cities ALL R1 FT SPV Formed SPVs & PMCs Total Number of SPVs Formed SPV Not Formed PMC APPOINTMENT (33 CITIES) 32 Total Number of Winning Cities ALL R1 FT PMC Appointed Cities with PMC Appointed In Process Cities with PMC Appoint in Process PMC Not Formed Not Appointed ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES AND MAYOR IN SPV (33 CITIES) Total R1 FT Total Number of Winning Cities Local Elected Representatives in SPV (Municipal Councilors, Corporators, Ward Representatives) Representation of Mayor and Deputy Mayor in SPV State level Elected Representatives in SPV (MLA, MLCs)

20 Reforms under the New Urban Agenda Trust & Verify (single window clearance) Credit Ratings for ULB Value Capture Finance Urban Land Titling Professionalizing Municipal Cadre

21 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

22 Paradigm shift in urban planning ICT is an enabler not the end Strategic based approach Data and evidence driven planning Incremental changes through an area based approach Identifying alternative financing Financial and institutional and governance reform through Special Purpose Vehicle Challenges/Opportunities Development (planning, policy, finance) capacities within cities Build communication channels with citizens through a participatory approach to planning Build trust with citizens & business community through demonstration of quick replicable successes Smaller targeted interventions to deliver big gains Understand public transportation and open spaces have to be part of core infrastructure while increasing FSI Apply multiple approaches to economic development Diffuse knowledge through out the organization by using the central handholding assistance during the process Peer-to-peer learning among cities Asset management, asset reuse and asset optimization

23 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF URBAN AFFAIRS NEW DELHI