HVAC SYSTEMS ME414 and ME514 Spring 2018

Transcription

1 HVAC SYSTEMS ME414 and ME514 Spring 2018 Instructor: Office hours: Required Text: Class Website: Ralph Budwig, IWC340J (Boise), , Send to me anytime. I will answer promptly by . Phone meetings are okay too let s arrange these by . Heating and Cooling of Buildings by T. Agami Reddy et al., Third Edition, CRC Press BbLearn for all UI students (Moscow, Boise, and Engineering Outreach). I will be in touch with BSU students with website info for them. DESCRIPTION OF 414/514 FROM UI CATALOG: ME J414/J514 HVAC Systems (3 cr) Application of thermodynamics, heat transfer, and fluid flow to understanding the psychrometric performance of systems and equipment; evaluating the performance characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of the various types of HVAC systems including large tonnage refrigeration/chiller equipment, cooling coils, cooling towers, ducts, fans, and heat pump systems; economics of system and equipment selection. Prerequisit: ME 345 LEARNING OBJECTIVES Apply mathematics, chemistry, physics, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer concepts to practical applications in the modeling and design of large-scale and residential HVAC (Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning) systems design. The application areas of the class are: 1) psychrometrics (properties of moist air); 2) indoor air quality and thermal comfort; 3) heating and cooling load calculations including solar gain; 4) heat and cooling energy calculations; 5) heating and cooling equipment; 6) air distribution system design; and 7) controls and system performance COURSE PREEQUISITES 1) Reading and interpreting graphs and tables 2) Applying algebra, trigonometry, and ordinary differential equations to solving engineering problems 3) Understanding concepts and units of energy, work, power, and rate of heat addition 4) Calculating of relative quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions 5) Using conservation of mass and conservation of energy (first law of thermodynamics) to model thermal processes 6) Modeling one dimensional conduction heat transfer COURSE ACTIVITIES The course activities have been designed to allow you to master the learning objectives. Students will participate in the course through in-class problem solving and discussion sessions, problem sets, exams, and a project report for ME514 students. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS HCB software is provided by the authors of the textbook and we will use this throughout the semester. I will make this this software available to you over the BbLearn site. Engineering Equation Solver (EES) is required for some of the problem sets. UI M.E. has an agreement with EES so you may use EES for free on Vlab. I will also be using Mathcad software (any recent version of Mathcad will work) for some calculations and plots. Your use of Mathcad is optional. Mathcad 15 is available for free on Vlab. Please see, additional information on Vlab.

2 GRADING ME414: Problem sets 45% Exam 1 25% Exam 2 25% Subjective (participation, communication ) 5% ME514: Problem sets 30% Exam 1 25% Exam 2 25% Project report 15% Subjective (participation, communication ) 5%

3 ME514/515 - HVAC Systems - Spring 2018 Revised: 1/7/18 H = Handouts Course Schedule Session Date Topic Reading Problem Sets Due 1 1/11/18 Introduction 1, 11, & H PS1 1/17 2 1/16/18 Psychrometrics 13 & H /18/18 Psychrometrics 13 & H /23/18 Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort 3 & H PS2 Psychrometrics See 5 1/25/18 Heat Transmission 7.5, 7.6 & H - Assignment 6 1/30/18 Heating Loads & H PS3 Heating Loads See 7 2/1/18 Solar Energy 4 & H - Assignment 8 2/6/18 Solar Energy 5 & H PS4 Solar Energy See 9 2/8/18 Cooling Loads & H - Assignment 10 2/13/18 Cooling Loads & H PS5 Cooling Loads See - 2/15/18 Energy Calculations & H - Assignment 11 2/20/18 No class session - PS6 Energy Calcs See 12 2/22/18 Energy Calculations & H - Assignment 13 2/27/18 Heating Equipment - Furnaces and Boilers & H PS7 Heating Equip See 14 3/1/18 Heat pumps 14.5, 14.8 & H Assignment 15 3/6/18 Review H /8/18 First Examination /12-3/16 UI SPRING BREAK /20/18 VCC 14.3, 14.4 & H /22/18 Chillers and Cooling Equipment 20.8 & H /27/18 Passive Building Design Introduction H /29/18 Passive Building Design Case Study H /3/18 Cooling Equipment 17 & H PS8 Cooling Equip See - 4/5/18 Facilities tour for Moscow campus students H and passive design Assignment

4 Session Date Topic Reading Problem Sets Due 21 4/10/18 Design for Efficiency and Economizers & H /12/18 Economizes 19.6 & H /17/18 VAV systems & H PS9 Economizers & See 24 4/19/18 Duct Design 16.6 & H VAV Systems Assignment 25 4/24/18 Fan, Blowers, and Exam 2 Information & H PS10 Air Handling & See - 4/26/18 No class session - Duct Design Assignment 26 5/1/18 Diffusers & H /3/18 Review /7/18 Second Examination - ME514 Project Due 5/11 Moscow campus students: Please send me your problem sets by (Word, Excel, EES, Mathcad, PDF, or JPEG flies) or have printed material to Becky Schoenberg in the M.E. office by 4:00 pm (sharp) on the day that they are due. Boise campus students: I will make arrangements with you in class. Engineering Outreach Students - please send problem set by: scan them and send them as JPEG or PDF files. You can also send Word, EES, Mathcad, or Excel files by . (rbudwig@uidaho.edu) or 2. Fax: or 3. Postal mail East Front Street, Suite 340, Boise, ID 83702

5 Due January 17 for all students ME 414/514 HVAC Systems PS1 All Students submit PS1 to Prof. Budwig by (20 points) Include the following information in an to me: A. preferred first name for this class (for example, Alexander or Alex) B. preferred address C. preferred telephone number D. whether or not you want your classmates to have your address (for networking on problem solving) 2. (25 points) Post a self-introduction on the BbLearn Discussion Board by the due date. Mention where you have worked or are working, what your most interesting engineering project was, why you are taking this class, and what you hope to learn. You may include personal information about your family and hobbies if you wish. Throughout the semester I invite you to send questions directly to me by . I will post ed questions and my answers on the BbLearn Discussion Board. I will remove your name when posting questions and answers to encourage all to participate. You are also welcome to directly use the BbLearn Discussion Board for Q&A if you prefer. 3. (10 points) While you are in the course Internet site please read the Getting Started section and follow the points of this section. Include a statement in your to me that you have read this section. 4. (25 points) Do the EES tutorial that is posted on the course Internet site. If you are already proficient with EES then just verify that you are able to run the latest version of EES that is on Vlab. The instructions to download EES are at the top of the tutorial document. To obtain credit for this part of the problem set include a statement in your to me to indicate you have done the tutorial or that you are already proficient with EES and ready to use it for the spring 2018 semester. 5. (20 points) Download the HCB software from the BbLearn site. Install the software and verify that you obtain the graphical user interface (GUI) shown here. To obtain credit for this part of the problem set include a statement in your to me to indicate you have downloaded, installed, and obtained the GUI for the HCB software. 6. (20 points - for ME514 students only) Students enrolled in ME514 section of this class should download your copy of equest from: Download the latest version of the program and the tutorial. To obtain credit for this part of the problem set include a statement in your to me to indicate you have downloaded equest and that you have checked to make sure it runs on your computer.

6 Topic01 Intro ME414/514 HVAC Systems Topic 1 Introduction Course objectives: Apply chemistry, physics, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer concepts to practical applications in large-scale HVAC (Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning) systems design. The application areas of the class are 1) psychrometrics (properties of moist air); 2) heating and cooling load calculations including solar gain; 3) heat and cold transfer equipment; 4) air distribution system (duct) design; and 5) controls. Air conditioning: The process of maintaining a desired indoor environmental state. This is done by conditioning air using any combination of: a. heating b. cooling c. humidifying d. dehumidifying e. cleaning f. circulating The design procedures presented in this class follow the guidelines established by the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). ASHRAE publishes four useful handbooks that are used world-wide by Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) engineers. One of these books is updated every year. The current cycle of the handbooks is: 2013 Fundamentals 2014 Refrigeration 2015 HVAC Applications 2016 HVAC Systems and Equipment These handbooks are available in SI (Systéme Internationale) or IP (Inch-Pound) editions hardbound, or both editions on a CD. Full-time student membership in ASHRAE is inexpensive (less than $15 per year) and as a bonus you can purchase one of the Handbooks (Fundamentals is recommended) for a steep discount. Download the application form from 1

7 Topic01 Intro Units and dimensions The textbook follows ASHRAE convention and presents problems in both SI and IP units. In this course, both systems of units will be used. However, most work will be done in the IP system. A discussion of units is warranted because some are unique HVAC practice. One unit reserved for HVAC is the ton, or 12,000 BTU/hour. This is the rate at which heat must be supplied to melt one ton of ice in 24 hours. The ton dates from the era of ice block cooling before the development of compressors and thermal expansion valves made refrigeration possible. Another unit characteristic to the HVAC industry is measurement of pressure in inches of water gage, in. w.g. Air movement is possible with small pressure differences, and it was convenient to measure these differences with a water manometer. You will often see the shortcut BTUh or Btuh written instead of BTU/hour. You will find that some units are simply dropped altogether in common practice. For example, the thermal resistance of 5 ½ inch fiberglass batt insulation for use in 2 x6 wall construction is R = 19 (hr-ft 2 - F)/BTU. However, this insulation is referred to simply as R-19. 2

8 Topic01 Intro Topics for HVAC Systems (ME414/514) ME 414/514 Topic 1 Introduction Topic 2 Systems Topic 3 Psychrometrics Topic 4 IAQ Topic 5 Heat Transmission Topic 6 Solar Topic 7 Cooling Loads Topic 8 Heating Loads Topic 9 Energy Calculations Topic 11 Diffusers Topic 12 Ducts Topic 13 Heating Equipment Topic 14 Cooling Equipment Topic 17 System Performance 3

9 Topic 2 ME 414/514 HVAC Systems Overview Topic 2 Equipment Outline 2-1 The Complete System 2-2 The Air-Conditioning and Distribution System 2-3 Mechanical Equipment Air-handling Equipment Heating Equipment Boilers Furnaces Refrigeration Equipment Compressors reciprocating, scroll, rotary, centrifugal Pumps and Piping Controls and Instrumentation 2-4 All-Air Systems Single-air System Reheat System Variable-volume System Dual-duct System Multi-zone System Low Temperature System 2-5 Air-and-Water Systems Air-Water Induction System Fan-Coil Conditioner System 2-6 All-Water Systems 2-7 Unitary Air Conditioners Room Air Conditioners Through-the-wall Conditioner System 2-8 Heat Pump Systems Heat Pump Types Ground-coupled Closed Loop Systems 2-9 Heat Recovery Systems 2-10 Thermal Storage A complete system is illustrated below. 1

10 Topic 2 Schematic for a typical commercial HVAC system HVAC Zones Zone a space requiring separate thermostatic control. Spaces with uniform loads large, open areas with small external loads. For example, auditoriums, stores and theaters. Spaces requiring precision control areas that require strict control of cleanliness, humidity, temperature, or air distribution. For example, clean rooms, computer rooms, hospital operating arenas. Multiple systems for large areas several zones serviced by one or more systems. For example offices, factories. Very large installations many buildings served by a central plant. For example, college campuses, research facilities, industrial parks. Mechanical Equipment Chapter 11 provides an overview of the mechanical equipment used in most HVAC installations. HVAC Systems Load Control (sensible heat) mc T T Q Vc T T Q p exit inlet p exit inlet 2