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Darren Garrett
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2 To Start Describe this map (3 marks)

3 How Can We Manage Climate Change Through Mitigation? Lesson objectives: 1-4 Will be able to state different ways which climate change can be mitigated 5-6 Will be able to explain how different methods can mitigate climate change 7-9 Will be able to contrast and evaluate different ways climate change can be mitigated. Key Word Mitigation: The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.

4 What links these? Health Water Supplies Plants, Animals and Ecosystems Energy Agriculture Forest Fires Coastal Flooding Recreation

5 Ways to mitigate climate change Think By yourself, think how your could reduce the rate of climate change. (1 min) Pair Discuss your ideas with your partner (2 mins) Share Yours ideas with the class.

6 You are now going to see 4 different pictures that represent different ways climate change can be mitigated. You need to: THINK PAIR SHARE As to the ways you think they would work.

7 Research You can use the computers to research each example but you must include the following: 1 Explain what your management strategy is. 2 How does it work and how will it mitigate climate change. 3 Give a real life example of it being used. 4 Are there any downsides to your example. 5 Complete the table summarising the information. You can include some sort of visual data (graph, map etc).

8 Alternative Energy Production Carbon Capture and storage (CCS) Planting Trees International Agreements Explain what the management strategy is How does it work and how will it mitigate climate change Give a real life Example Are there negatives to this example?

9 Alternative energy production Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Link 4 Link 5 Look online for more information

10 Carbon Capture and storage Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Look online for more information

11 Planting Trees Link 1 Link 2 stop at Link 3 Look online for more information.

12 International Agreements Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Look online for more information

13 Colour these effects: positive or negative or a mixture of both

Alternative Energy Production The burning of fossil fuels to produce electricity, fuels vehicles and power industry contributes 87% of all human-produced CO₂ emissions.

To help reduce carbon emissions many countries are turning to alternative sources of energy such as: hydro-electricity, nuclear power, solar, wind and tidal. These do not emit large amounts of CO₂.

14 Alternative Energy Production The burning of fossil fuels to produce electricity, fuels vehicles and power industry contributes 87% of all human-produced CO₂ emissions. The rest comes from land uses changes such as deforestation (9%) and industrial processes such as making cement (4%). To help reduce carbon emissions many countries are turning to alternative sources of energy such as: hydro-electricity, nuclear power, solar, wind and tidal. These do not emit large amounts of CO₂. Some are also renewable and will last into the future. Nuclear power uses uranium to generate electricity but it does not emit CO₂ as a by-product. At current, in 2016, renewables produce more than 20% of the UK s electricity, and EU targets means that this is likely to increase to 30% by 2020 exceeding it s target of 15%. There have been investment in renewable energy sources like wind. Power companies are encouraged to use renewable sources. A nuclear reactor is being built at Hinkley Point in Somerset. A typical home with solar panels saves over a tonne of CO₂ per year as there are no greenhouse gas emissions to contribute to climate change. When light shines on solar panels it creates an electrical field, the stronger the sunshine on panels, the more electricity is produced. However, when there is no sunshine (such as night), solar energy cannot be relied on to generate electricity.

It is possible to capture up to 90% of the CO₂ that would otherwise enter the atmosphere. Once CO₂ is captured, the carbon gas is compressed and transported by pipeline to an injection well.

15 Carbon Capture Coal is the most polluting of all fossil fuels. China gets 80% of its electricity from burning coal, India 70% and the USA 50%. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) uses technology to capture CO₂ produced from the use of fossil fuels in electricity generation and industrial processes. It is possible to capture up to 90% of the CO₂ that would otherwise enter the atmosphere. Once CO₂ is captured, the carbon gas is compressed and transported by pipeline to an injection well. It is injected as a liquid into the ground to be stored in suitable geological reservoirs such as sedimentary rock as this prevents it from escaping. The UK is the world leader in CCS. CCS could provide more than 20% of the UK s electricity and save the UK more than 30 bn a year in meeting our climate targets. However, CCS is expensive and it is unclear whether the CO₂ will remain trapped in the long term. In addition, it does not promote renewables or

Trees act as carbon sinks, removing CO₂ from the atmosphere by the process of photosynthesis.

This has a cooling effect by producing more cloud, reducing incoming solar radiation.

Plantation forests can absorb CO₂ at a faster rate than natural forests and can do so effectively for up to 50 years.

16 Trees act as carbon sinks, removing CO₂ from the atmosphere by the process of photosynthesis. They also release moisture into the atmosphere. This has a cooling effect by producing more cloud, reducing incoming solar radiation. Tree planting is well established in many parts of the world. Plantation forests can absorb CO₂ at a faster rate than natural forests and can do so effectively for up to 50 years. The US have invested $40 bn into reforestation between 2010 and 2050 which could increase forest carbon storage by 28%. The UK has a 24.9 million project to reduce deforestation and increase reforestation in Brazil. It aims to tackle climate change by reducing million tones of CO₂ emissions Planting Trees

International Agreements The Kyoto Protocol the first international treaty became law.

Of the major greenhouse gas emitters, only USA and Australia refused to sign the treaty.

But there was no legally binding agreement. Climate change is a global issue and requires global solutions.

Paris Agreement 2015 195 adopted the first ever universal and legally binding global climate deal.

17 International Agreements The Kyoto Protocol the first international treaty became law. Over 170 countries agreed to reduce CO₂ emissions by an average of 5.2% below their 1990 levels by Of the major greenhouse gas emitters, only USA and Australia refused to sign the treaty. World leaders met in Copenhagen to consider international agreements on tackling climate change beyond The outcome was the Copenhagen Accord. It pledged to reduce emissions with financial support for developing nations to help them cope with the impacts of climate change. But there was no legally binding agreement. Climate change is a global issue and requires global solutions. Carbon emissions spread across the world and affect everyone. Paris Agreement adopted the first ever universal and legally binding global climate deal. To peak greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible and achieve a balance between sources and sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century ( ). To keep global temperature increase below 2 C and limited to 1.5 C above pre-industrial levels. To review progress every 5 years. $100 bn a year to support climate change initiatives in developing countries by 2020, with further finance in the future. There have been criticisms that many of these agreements are promises or aims and not firm commitments.

18 What have I learnt?

19 Exam Question Using the evidence that you have collected throughout the lesson, evaluate what you think is the best way to mitigate climate change? Sentences starters: Evaluate = Judge from available evidence I think the best way to manage climate change is... I think this because... This is better than... because... Level 1 answer 1-4marks Simple basic points as to how climate change can be managed. Level 2 answer 5-6 marks Points become developed and explain how they manage climate change. Starts to show a compariosn between points. Level 3 answer 7-9 marks Points are fully developed and contain detailed, case specific knowledge in relation to the question. The answer shows a clear evaluation and jusftication as to why they have reached there conclusion.

RENEWABLE ENERGY NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY

RENEWABLE ENERGY NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY Hydro Solar Biomass RENEWABLE ENERGY The motion associated with rapidly falling water, waves and tidal currents can be harnessed to drive turbines and generate electricity. RENEWABLE ENERGY Energy from