CONVERSION TO AN ALTERNATIVE CLEANING SYSTEM MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER. Dow Advanced Clean'ing Systems

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1 L.&" Restricted For Use Mhin Dow CONVERSION TO AN ALTERNATIVE CLEANING SYSTEM MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER Dow Advanced Clean'ing Systems a Melan Waugh Regional Market Manager D~SCUW- 9r ($09 &S - 160s DRG/vh 9/14/ _ I... ~ **...".".-..." I ""... I "..." --. '*m ADVANCE# CLUIYIIVG SYJTEyl...- LA-. I I "!._.._"..._.l_l..."..._ "" q 3'".-. - a". "1"

2 Cleanin Chemis Hydrocarbons Alcohols Mineral Spirits lsoparaffins Miscellaneous Alkaline Emulsion ( Semi-Aqueous) Glycol Ethers Terpenes Esters Hydrocarbons NMP Mineral Spirits Alcohols MEK Fluorinert Pefol

3 I. ' r J --I- ".-.I Fate of Vapor Restricted For Use Wdhin Dow -- Degreasing Solvents -1 I / I I I )? Commercially Available Trichloroethylene Under Development - TQO Toxic D 7 - Higher ODP than l,l,i-trichloroethane HCFC-225~al~b - Poor solvent - 5 yr. toxicity study to be initiated Pentafluoro-1 -propanol - Poor solvent - Similar to perchloroethylene in acute toxicity DRGhh W14/ * I -.C.. 45

4 Customer Needs Semi-A queo us 0 Excellent Cleanin Fast Drying Time Favorable Toxicology Testing 0 Low Flammability 0 Low Global Warming Potential No Ozone Depletion Potential 0 LOW Potential to Form Smog Low Waste Productio Short & Long Term Availability Recyclable

5 Semi-Aqueous Option or Se.mi=Aqueous Cleaningis a - - m ulti-stage process that employes a hydrocarbon solvent blend for cleaning followed by a water rinse stage before a final drying stage. Sometimes referred to as water-rinsable. An Emulsion is a stable mixture of two or more immiscible liquids. Examples: milk and butter.

6 Restricted For Use Wdhin Dow = Semi-Aqueous Cleaning Process Key Points Soils Dissolve in Cleaner Emulsion Stage Used = To Complete Cleaning = As a Preliminary Rinse = To Control Recycle and Removal of Spent Cleaner Emulsion Must Break Quickly in a Static Tank or Coalescea Cleaner is Recycled as Much as Possible Spent Cleaner is Incinerated Cleaner Must Rinse Off Easily Rinse Water Must Be Treated and Recycled

7 .. I_ Restricted.- -I - For Use Wdhin Dow =: Semi-Aqueous Cleaning Process Key Points Cont. High Flashing Cleaner Preferred Must Operate at Least 40 F Below Flash Point of Cleaner Sprays Above Liquid Level Should Not be Used to Avoid Ignitable Mists Sprays Below Liquid Level, Mechanical Agitation or Ultrasonic Action Can Be Used Emulsion and Water Rinses Must be Inhibited to Prevent Corrosion of Mild Steel

8 I.- Restricted For Use Wdhin Dow = Recycling and Treatment of Process Water Cleaner Biode radable Under Specific Lab g. ests Rinse Water Will Contain Some Cleaner and Oils Discharge of Rinse Water in Sewer - Controlled by local regulations May not be allowed in future Dow Investi! ating Closed-Loop Water Sys em Closed-Loo S stem May lncorpora rlj e ow's Separation Systems' Technology DRGhh 9/14/93 -.^-=-.-=-.:- 4*m - APVAUCED QEAUICY~ SYSTEMS IC*%.-. c,... so

9 Customer Needs Met by Aqueous Cleaning Excellent Cleaning Ability Fast Drying Time Favorable Toxicology Testin Low Flammability Low Global Warming Potential No Ozone Depletion Potential Low Potential to Form Smog Low Waste Production Recyc I a ble Short and Long Term Availability

10 Restricted For Use Wdhin Dow = Aqueous Cleaning Key Points Cleaner Applied Via - spray = dipping Agitation Can Be - submerged spray - mechanical = ultrasonic (Parts of Intricate Design) Soils Float on Cleaner Soils Separated From Cleaner Using A Skimmer or Coalescer Cleaner and Water Rinses Must by Inhibited to Prevent Corrosion of Mild Steel

11 ----_I_ ,... ~. eou Resfricfed Far lhn Wdhin I-.. nnw _.I An effective detergent is an ower of w that enhances the mbination of effects at interferences - a erence of the o the soil Easier emulsification ion of small droplets of &soil that a rsed in the cleaner More hvdrop hobic oil loving --+ Sol u bilization dissolve soil in the cleaner removal of soil by ion reaction between alkali in Sa ;ra:;fit uilders" - and fa comm oil) in the soil to produce a soluble soap. _)c Sequestration prevents the formation of insoluble salts from the water which could deposit on the "cleaned" pa _)c

12 Aqueous Cleaninqis a multi-st mess employin 7 a wa er-based so for by a water rinse and then a drying stage. Aqueous Cleaners are available in solid or liquid torm and are usually concentrates to be diluted with water at the customer's facility. Ty ically 1 part cleaner to ea parts wa I P Aqueous Cleaners are available with a wide range ot PH values. (ph is an indication of how b sic or acidic the cleaner is.) Alkaline ph 2 9 Neutral ph = 6-8 Acidic ph <5 I Most industrial aqueous cleaners are Alkaline. Aqueous cleaners may be solutions or emulsions.

13 Restricted For Use Wdhin Dow - Typical Components of An Aqueous Cleaning Formulation Water Major component Builders Hydroxides and Inorganic sals Saponify vegetabse oils and metal soaps Remove mill scale Surfactants Water loving/oil loving molecules Facilitate wetting of soils Emulsify and Disperse soils Lower interfacial tension Corrosion Inhibitors Prevent rusting Com plexing Prevent scale (insoluble (Sequestering) Agents metal salts) formation

14 -. Restricted For Use Within Dow - Aqueous Cleaner Componenfs Builders: Alkaline Salts - Phosphates (Sodium Tripolyphosphate) - Carbonates (Soda ash) Hydroxides (Caustic soda) - Silicates (Sodium metasilicate) Saponify Vegetable OiIs/Greases Help Disperse Soils in Cleaner May Help in Formation of Protective Oxide Coating Negatives : - Corrosive - Environmental Impact ph will Indicate Alkalinity

15 Restricted For Use within Dow 1 Aqueous Cleaner Components Surfactants - Displace oil/grease Prevents rede pos i ti on Causes foam Have hydrophilidhydrophobic groups Three Common Types: - anionic - DOWFAX@, typically high foamers - nonionic - most common - cationic - not widely sa The Dow Chemical Company

16 .. I.- -. Restricted For Use Whin Daw I Aqueous Cleaning Key Points Continued Aqueous Cleaners are typically not very universal. As substrate, soil and method of agitation change, so does the cleaner requirements. There are many manufacturers of Aqueous chemistry and most have lots of formulations. Aqueous cleaners may contain small amounts of organic solvents. Aqueous cleaner manufactures have existed for over 50 years. Most bigger companies also supply lubricants, corrosion inhibitors and phosphating chemicals to round out their line of products. Recommended formulations are widely published in literature. 'They are not difficult to blend.

17 i Restricted For Use Wdhin Dow = Disposal Customers must work with their local P OW or own waste water treatment facility to ensure cleaning waste qualifies within existing permit guidelines. Do not dispose of directly into waters of the u8s8 Water regulations will become stricter in the future. Closed loop technology will help disposal concerns. *Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company

18 3 Restricted For Use Wdhin Dow =, Appropriate How To Identify Chemistry? Things to Consider Part construction Materials of construction Means of mechanical agitation Subsequent operation Clean1 iness requirement Soil Recycle wastewater treatment I..-, 60

19 c6 -* c 1 -. National Aeronautics and Space Administration George C. Marshall Space Flight Center Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama CFC REPLACEMENT CRITICAL A A RESPONSE Compiled and Edited By Dr. J. Wayne McCain HyTek Associates Under Contract With ERC, Incorporated For George C. Marshall Space Flight Center Technology Utilization Office Code LA20 Huntsville, Alabama (205) Fax (205) MSFC - Form 454 (Rev. October 1992) DRAFT REV. C MAY 2, 1994