Overheating assessment method and results from Austrian buildings

Transcription

1 Overheating assessment method and results from Austrian buildings Susanne Geissler ÖGNB Österreichische Gesellschaft für Nachhaltiges Bauen (Austrian Sustainable Building Council) 2 nd December 2016 IEE/13/610/SIO /03/ /02/2017

2 Introduction Content of presentation: Introduction to EPC implementation in Austria Dealing with overheating in the EPC of new residential buildings (focus of Austrian QUALICHeCK study) Calculation method Challenges: preventing overheating in practice (as-built conditions) IEE/13/610/SIO /03/ /02/2017 2

3 9 provinces and building codes 1 guideline All provinces are represented in OIB Implementation of EPBD: OIB develops and issues OIB Guideline 6 and Technical Guideline to comply with EPBD Provinces provide input to guideline development and integrate OIB Guideline 6 into their building legislation (fully or with amendments) Input to development / revision of OIB Guideline 6 OIB Guideline 6 as basis for revision of building legislation in the provinces OIB Guideline 6 refers to Austrian Standards. 3

4 Austrian standards referenced in OIB-RL6 and associated calculation guideline ÖNORM B : Thermal insulation in building construction Part 2: Water vapour diffusion and protection against condensation ÖNORM B : Thermal protection in building construction Part 3: Prevention of summerly overheating ÖNORM B : Thermal insulation in building construction Economic optimizing of thermal insulation ÖNORM B : Thermal insulation in building construction Part 5: Model of climate and user profiles ÖNORM B : Thermal insulation in building construction Part 6: Principles and verification methods Heating demand and cooling demand. National application, national specifications/supplements to ÖNORM EN ISO Supplement 1: Single family house Examples for validation of the heating demand Supplement 2: Multi-family house Examples for validation of the heating demand Supplement 3: Non-residential building Example for validation oft he heating and cooling demand Supplement 4: Single family house and multi-family house Examples for validation of the calculation of the heating demand of a lowest-energy building, which can be heated by air (passive house) 4

5 Austrian standards referenced in OIB-RL6 and associated calculation guideline ÖNORM H 5056: Energy performance of buildings Energy use for heating systems Supplement 1: Single-family house Examples for validation of the calculation of the energy demand Supplement 2: Multi-family house Examples for validation of the calculation of the energy demand Supplement 3: Non-residential building Examples for validation of the calculation of the energy demand Supplement 4: Single-family house Examples for validation using heat pumps ÖNORM H 5057: Energy performance of buildings Energy use for ventilation systems of residential and non-residential buildings ÖNORM H 5058: Energy performance of buildings Energy use for cooling systems Supplement 1: Office building Example for validation ÖNORM H 5059: Energy performance of buildings Energy use for lighting (National amendment referring to ÖNORM EN 15193) ÖNORM B 1800: Determination of areas and volumes of buildings and related outdoor areas 5

6 Energy performance minimum requirements for RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

7 Cooling energy demand in residential buildings In theory, there is no cooling energy demand in residential buildings due to specific requirements applying to heat transferring components of the building envelope: Summerly overheating must be avoided and proof must be provided according to ÖNORM B Requirement is met if the simplified calculation method results in a room temperature below 27 C for the most critical room. 7

8 Prevention of summerly overheating: ÖNORM B The method is based on the following assumptions: In general little internal heat gain Calculation is done for the most critical room (exposed to insolation orientation and storey; large windows; little storage mass; no night ventilation possible) Evidence is based only on calculation and on the design and product information available at the time of doing the calculation Most important parameters: Storage mass Characteristics of windows Sun protection of windows Shading of the building Night ventilation 8

9 Source: GEQ Benutzerhandbuch Sommerliche Überwärmung Prevention of summerly overheating evidence If requirement is not met, improvement must be achieved, e.g. by changing input data and adding sun protection to windows Maximum allowed room temperature Room temperature calculated based on input parameters Standard outside temperature for the location of the building 9

10 Climate in Austria Austria is dominated by the alpine area, and heating period is from 1 st October to 30 th April. Methodological focus has been on heating, and not on cooling. But: climate has been changing. Sonnblick Observatory, Salzburg ( ZAMG/Hynek) ZAMG is Austria's national weather service and runs one of the densest weather measuring networks in the world. Meteorological stations measure temperature, precipitation, wind, sunshine and many other meteorological parameters. ZAMG provides current and historical weather data, the longest continuous observations reach back to

11 ZAMG: Number of heat days > 30 C Climate change and overheating of buildings New peak in 2015: days > 35 C Wien-Innere Stadt: 18 days St. Pölten: 14 days Eisenstadt: 11 days Linz: 9 days Bregenz: 3 days Source: /klima/news/hitzetage-werdenimmer-haeufiger 11

12 Conclusions In theory, there is no cooling energy demand in residential buildings because summerly overheating must be avoided and proof must be provided through a calculation according to ÖNORM B Challenge: Verification whether input parameter correspond with the completed building. In practice, there are indications that prevention of summerly overheating might not be successful under as-built conditions: E.g. night ventilation not practiced, sun protection not applied as planned or even not installed as planned, Increase in days above 30 C and 35 C Urban heat islands Observations: Occupants of average new buildings buy cooling devices and electricity consumption increases High-end expensive apartment are equipped with cooling systems Systematic evaluation? 12

13 Thank you for your attention! Contact: 13

14 The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Union. Neither the EASME nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.