CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN

Transcription

1 CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN Table of Contents Introduction Section 1.0 Section 2.0 Section 3.0 Section 4.0 Section 5.0 Section 6.0 Section 7.0 Section 8.0 Sample Document Standard Operating Procedures for Working With Hazardous Chemicals. Criteria to Determine and Implement Control Measures Ensuring Proper and Adequate Performance of Engineering Controls and Protective Equipment Employee Information and Training Circumstances Requiring Prior Approval Medical Consultation and Medical Examinations Personnel Responsible for Implementation of the CHP Protection Against Exposure to Particularly Hazardous Substances Designated Control Area 0

2 CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN Introduction The University Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) provides written documentation of the work practices, controls, procedures, and polices of the University related to teaching and research laboratories. The intent of the CHP is to ensure that all laboratory personnel are adequately protected from exposures to hazardous chemicals and to comply with applicable Cal-OSHA regulations concerning the use of hazardous chemicals. The CHP applies to all individual laboratories within the University that are covered by the Cal-OSHA Laboratory Standard: Title 8 California Code of Regulations, General Industry Safety Orders, Section 5191, Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories. The CHP is organized into eight sections that match the requirements for a CHP listed in the Cal-OSHA Laboratory Standard: 1.0 Standard Operating Procedures for Working With Hazardous Chemicals 2.0 Criteria to Determine and Implement Control Measures 3.0 Ensuring Proper and Adequate Performance of Engineering Controls and Protective Equipment 4.0 Employee Information and Training 5.0 Circumstances Requiring Prior Approval 6.0 Medical Consultation and Medical Examinations 7.0 Personnel Responsible for Implementation of the CHP 8.0 Protection Against Exposure to Particularly Hazardous Substances The CHP is based on current knowledge of regulations and procedures. The CHP will be updated in response to new information and new or revised regulations. All comments, questions, or suggestions related to the CHP should be provided to the Chemical Hygiene Officer, Ron Redden, University Safety Coordinator. 1

3 1.0 Standard Operating Procedures for Working With Hazardous Chemicals This section of the CHP presents general guidelines for work with hazardous chemicals. Because the specific health hazards of chemicals used or created in the laboratory may not be known, laboratory personnel will conduct their work under conditions that minimize the risks due to both known and unknown hazardous substances. Four fundamental principles underlie all work practices: Plan ahead. Determine the potential hazards associated with an experiment before beginning it. Minimize exposure to chemicals. Do not allow laboratory chemicals to come into contact with skin. Use laboratory hoods and other ventilation devices to prevent exposure to airborne substances whenever possible. Do not underestimate risks. Assume that any mixture of chemicals will be more toxic than its most toxic component. Treat all new compounds and substance of unknown toxicity as toxic substances. Be prepared for accidents. Before beginning any laboratory study, project or experiment, know what specific action to take in the event of the accidental release of any substance. A. Professional standards of behavior are required. 1. Avoid distracting or startling other personnel. 2. Do not allow practical jokes or horseplay. 3. Use laboratory equipment only for its designated purpose. 4. Restrict visitors to laboratories. B. Exposure to chemicals is minimized. 1. Eye protection is required for all personnel and visitors in all locations where chemicals are stored or used. Safety glasses with side shields are the minimum acceptable protection. Safety splash goggles or face shields are preferred for protection against splashing chemicals or low energy flying particles. Impact resistant goggles or face shields are preferred to protect against potential projectiles, e.g., when working with glassware under reduced or elevated pressures, when handling potentially explosive compounds. Full face-shields are worn during particularly hazardous operations also to protect neck and face. 2

4 2. Ingestion of hazardous chemicals is avoided. Eating, drinking, smoking, gum chewing, applying cosmetics, and taking medicine in laboratories are prohibited. Food, beverages, cups, and other utensils are not stored in labs. Laboratory water sources are not used for drinking. Mouth pipetting is prohibited. Hands are washed with soap and water immediately after handling hazardous chemicals, even if gloves were worn. 3. Inhalation of hazardous chemicals is avoided. Toxic chemicals and substances of unknown toxicity are not smelled (inhaled). Procedures involving volatile hazardous substances are done in a lab hood. Procedures involving toxic substances that may result in aerosol production are done in a lab hood. 4. Laboratory hoods are used appropriately. Hazardous substances are used only in lab hoods that have been evaluated for face velocity and operation and approved. Reactions and hazardous chemicals are kept at least 6 inches behind the plane of the sash. Personnel never place their head inside the hood. Vertical sashes are kept at the lowest feasible position and never above designated maximum sash height. Where feasible, a horizontal sash door is positioned to act as a shield. Hoods are kept clean and clear. Hoods are not used for chemical storage. Grills and baffles are cleaned regularly. Suspected hood malfunctions are reported to the USC immediately. 5. Injection of hazardous materials is avoided. Special care is taken when handling hazardous solutions in syringes. Needles are disposed in sharps containers. 6. Skin contact with hazardous materials is minimized. Gloves are worn when handling toxic and other hazardous substances, sharp-edged objects, very hot or very cold materials, and substances of unknown toxicity. Gloves are chosen of a material known to be resistant to degradation and permeation by the hazardous substance in use. Gloves are inspected for holes or tears before use. 3

5 Gloves that are not water permeable are washed before removing. Care is taken not to spread contamination by dirty gloves. Gloves are replaced regularly, based on wear, permeation, and degradation characteristics. 7. Proper clothing and protective apparel are worn. Long hair, loose clothing, and loose jewelry are confined. Sandals and open toe shoes are forbidden. A laboratory coat is worn when working with hazardous chemicals. Nonpermeable lab aprons or sleeves are worn where appropriate. Cotton is generally preferred over synthetic clothing. 8. Good housekeeping is practiced. Access to exits, fire extinguishers, and emergency showers are never blocked. Work areas are cleaned regularly. Unused chemicals are labeled and stored. All compressed gas cylinders are secured. Chemical containers are not stored on the floor. Any exception is stored in a chemically resistant pan capable of holding a full spill. Floors, stairways, and hallways are not used for storage. 9. Chemicals are transported safely. Chemicals transported outside the lab or between lab and stockroom are in break-resistant secondary containers capable of containing a spill. Cylinders of compressed gases are securely strapped and have valve cover caps. 10. Chemicals are stored properly. Minimum quantities of chemicals are purchased. All containers are labeled with their special hazards indicated. The date the container is opened is written on the label. Only small quantities (<1 liter) of flammable liquids are kept at the work area. Larger quantities of flammable liquids are stored in metal or breakresistant containers, in approved storage cabinets. Large containers of chemicals are stored below eye level on low shelves. Refrigerators used for flammable storage are explosion-proof and laboratory safe. Containers stored in refrigerators have water-resistant labels. Storage trays or secondary containers are used to contain spills. Chemicals are stored with attention to incompatibilities. 4

6 Stored chemicals are examined at least annually for deterioration and container integrity. 11. Chemicals are disposed properly. Hazardous materials are used in such a manner as to reduce the volume, and when possible, the toxicity of hazardous waste. When feasible, unused reagents are used, shared, or recycled rather than disposed. Hazardous waste is placed in containers that are compatible with the waste. Empty containers are available from the USC. Special containers are requested through USC. As soon as a container is used for collecting hazardous waste, it is labeled clearly and securely and capped securely when not in use. Hazardous waste labels are obtained through the USC and are maintained in the stock room. Labels provide the following information: location of waste generation; laboratory contact; quantity of waste in container; generic identification of the waste; percentage breakdown of waste constituents; and date waste was first generated. Hazardous waste is picked up every 30 to 60 days through the USC and transferred to the Hazardous Materials Storage area. The generator notifies the USC if a waste container is full before scheduled pick-up. Waste oil, solvents, and acids are segregated by the laboratories and are never mixed following generation. Empty containers that initially contained hazardous material are considered to be hazardous waste. The USC will determine if compatible reuse is possible. The label on empty containers will accurately reflect the identity of the last contents of the container. 12. Equipment is inspected and maintained. Laboratory equipment is inspected regularly. Laboratory equipment is maintained and serviced regularly. 13. Glassware is inspected, maintained, and used safely. Careful handling and storage are used to avoid damage. Chipped or cracked glassware is discarded or repaired. Vacuum-jacketed glassware is handled with special care to prevent implosion. Evacuated equipment such as Dewar flasks and vacuum desiccators are taped or shielded. Only glassware designed for vacuum work is used for that purpose. Hand protection is used when picking up broken glass. 5

7 Hand protection (e.g. toweling) is used when inserting glass tubing into stoppers or corks. Hands are held close together. Hand protection (e.g. toweling) is used when connecting glass and rubber or plastic tubing. Hands are held close together. Glass tubing is fire polished or rounded and lubricated before inserting or connecting. 14. Flammable substances are handled to minimize fire risk. Flammable substances are handled in areas free of ignition sources (open flame, electrical equipment especially motors, and in some cases hot surfaces). Dilution ventilation and local exhaust ventilation are used to keep concentrations of flammable vapors below lower flammable limits. Containers of flammable substances are kept covered when not in use. Only small quantities (<1 liter) of flammable liquids are kept at the workbench. Larger quantities of flammable liquids are stored in metal or breakresistant containers, in approved storage cabinets. The smallest amount of flammable material is used to meet the need and smallest feasible containers are used. Refrigerators used for flammable storage are explosion-proof and laboratory safe. Containers stored in refrigerators have water-resistant labels. Storage trays or secondary containers are used to contain spills. 15. Scaled-up reactions are planned carefully to be performed safely. Potential hazards are evaluated prior to performing the scale-up. Potential hazards include explosive starting materials or intermediates; unstable reactants or products; delayed reactions; gaseous by-products; exothermic reactions; loss of solvent due to condenser failure; loss of thermal control. Additional shielding, engineering controls, and personal protection are used as needed. 16. Special precautions are taken for working alone and for unattended reactions. Working alone in a lab and unattended reactions are avoided. Prior notification to the USC and Security and acknowledgment by Security is required prior to working alone in a lab. A lab with an unattended experiment, test or study is posted with information on how to contact the responsible individual(s) in case of emergency. Security will check periodically on labs with personnel working alone or with unattended experiments, test or studies. 6

8 17. Laboratory personnel are prepared for emergencies. Imminent or serious hazards (e.g. actual or potential fire or explosion, significant chemical leak or spill, or injury) are reported by phone as an emergency to the ASC or USC. Lab personnel will take necessary action to control or reduce hazards and prevent others from endangering themselves, while protecting themselves from harm: Notify other lab personnel and, if necessary, evacuate the area. Tend to injured or contaminated personnel. Confine and limit a spill if it can be done without risk of injury or contamination. Standby at scene or other safe location until the arrival of the Security and/or the USC or Fire Department. Employees know the location of and how to use safety showers and eyewashes. Employees know the location of and how to use fire extinguishers and spill control equipment. Employees know the locations of all available exits for evacuation. Employees know the meaning of all laboratory alarms. The Department Head and/or USC are responsible for spill cleanup. 7

9 2.0 Criteria to Determine and Implement Control Measures This section of the CHP presents criteria used to determine and implement control measures to reduce employee exposure to hazardous chemicals including engineering controls, the use of personal protective equipment, and hygiene practices. Particular attention is given to the selection of control measures for chemicals that are known to be extremely hazardous. C. Identification of chemicals used and circumstances of use. All interim and final department facility designs are submitted to the USC for approval. The USC also approves all lab chemicals and other potentially hazardous materials purchased. The USC or ASC audits each laboratory annually. Information that is submitted to USC for review includes: Identification and quantity of chemicals used Frequency of chemical use Detailed description of the process specifying how chemicals are used, including written procedures if available Use of engineering controls (enclosures, hoods, etc.) New or unknown substances that are or could be produced List of lab workers with known chemical sensitivities and possible pregnancies Information related to health and safety of the chemicals used. D. Consulting sources of information on the chemicals and processes. The Department Head or respective ASC and USC consults a variety of information sources for each chemical: MSDS and other information from the chemical manufacturer National Research Council Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary National Library of Medicine databases Other online databases ACGIH Documentation of Threshold Limit Values NIOSH Criteria Documents Professional journals Other references on industrial hygiene and toxicology E. Evaluating the type of toxicity. 8

10 Using the information sources above, the Department Head, or respective ASC and USC determine the type of toxicity of each chemical used. Potential types of toxic substances include: Irritants Corrosive substances Allergens Asphyxiants Carcinogens (select, other known, and suspected) Reproductive toxins Developmental toxins Neurotoxins Toxins affecting organs (other than neurotoxins) F. Determining possible routes of exposure. Using the description of the process and chemical use provided by the Department Head or respective ASC and USC determine the potential for exposure to each chemical through various routes. Routes of exposure considered are: Inhalation o Gases or vapors o Liquid or solid aerosols (dusts, fumes, mists) Dermal o Skin absorption o Irritant or allergic dermatitis Ingestion o Hygiene practices Injection o Syringe or other sharps o High pressure G. Evaluating quantitative information on toxicity. Using the information on toxicity and the possible routes of exposure for each chemical, the Department Head or respective ASC and EH&S determine the potential lab worker exposure to each chemical by each route of exposure. Useful information includes: Cal-OSHA Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs), including Time Weighted Average (TWA) Limit, Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL), and Ceiling Limit ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLVs), including TWA, STEL, and Ceiling Limit NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) LD 50, LC 50, and other toxicity data in the MSDS and other resources 9

11 Skin notations in TLV, PEL, or REL Documentation of TLVs and other sources of human exposure experience H. Selecting appropriate procedures to minimize exposure. The Department Head or respective ASC and EH&S selects appropriate procedures and controls for potential exposure to each chemical, considering: Proposed or existing controls in the lab Standard operating procedures for working with hazardous chemicals Chemical toxicity, route of exposure, and estimate of exposure The use of extremely hazardous chemicals or other particularly hazardous materials. I. Preparing for contingencies. The Department Head or respective ASC, involved lab personnel, and USC become familiar with possible signs and symptoms of overexposure to each chemical by each route of exposure. The Department Head or respective ASC, lab personnel, and USC learn the measures to be taken in the event of overexposure or accidental release of each chemical. J. Evaluating the use of extremely hazardous materials or particularly hazardous materials. During the process described in Sections A-G above, the Department Head or respective ASC and EH&S identify each chemical use that could be extremely or particularly hazardous. During the evaluation, these same personnel determine if the standard operating procedures are adequate to protect against the extremely or particularly hazardous chemical or if additional safeguards are required. They also determine if a designated area is required. Chemicals that may be extremely or particularly hazardous include: Carcinogens Mutagens Sensitizers, allergens Flammable substances Explosive materials Peroxidizable chemicals Pyrophoric substances Air reactive chemicals Shock sensitive materials Incompatible chemicals 10

12 Chemicals with high acute toxicity Chemicals with high chronic toxicity Developmental toxins Reproductive toxins Light sensitive materials Temperature sensitive materials Radioisotopes 11

13 3.0 Ensuring Proper and Adequate Performance of Engineering Controls and Protective Equipment This section of the CHP presents plans and activities designed to ensure proper and adequate performance of engineering controls and protective equipment. A. Laboratory fume hoods are checked to ensure compliance with Section (Cal-OSHA) ventilation requirements. Laboratory hoods have an average face velocity of at least 100 lineal feet per minute (fpm). Lab hoods have a minimum face velocity of 70 fpm at any point. Maximum sash openings are clearly marked. Any hood that fails to meet minimum ventilation requirements is clearly posted to prohibit the use of hazardous materials within. Lab hoods are provided with a manometer, velometer, or other device to indicate that air is flowing continuously into the hood. Lab hoods are checked quantitatively at initial installation and during the annual lab audit. Lab hoods are checked qualitatively and/or quantitatively after repairs or renovations of the facility, hood, or ventilation system or upon the addition of large equipment into the hood. B. Local exhaust systems (other than lab hoods) are checked to ensure compliance with Section 5143 (Cal-OSHA) ventilation requirements. The ventilation rate of every mechanical ventilation system used to prevent harmful exposures is tested after initial installation, alterations, or maintenance, and at least annually. The ventilation test is a pitot traverse of the exhaust duct or equivalent measurement (capture velocity, face velocity). Ventilation alarm systems (gas cabinet exhaust alarms) are checked at least annually. C. Equipment using hazardous materials or gases is checked to ensure integrity and function. Equipment is tested for function and leakage using low hazard or inert materials prior to use (e.g. inert gases for toxic gases). Glove boxes are checked for leakage at each use. Compressed gas lines and hose connections are inspected at initial use and at least annually. Equipment interlocks are tested regularly. D. Emergency systems are checked periodically. Sprinkler systems and smoke alarms are checked at least annually. 12

14 Pyrolyzer and water scrubber air cleaning devices are checked at least annually. Hydrogen (LEL) monitors are checked and calibrated quarterly. TELOS monitors are checked and calibrated at least annually. E. Personal protective equipment is inspected regularly and replaced periodically or as necessary. Selection and use of respiratory protection, if required, are covered by CHP Administrative Procedure I-7, Respiratory Protection, and Section 5144 (Cal-OSHA). 1. Respirators are inspected prior to each use and repaired or replaced as necessary. 2. Respirators are cleaned daily. 3. Respirators are qualitatively or quantitatively fit-tested by the USC. 4. Respirator cartridges are changed as indicated or at a minimum once per month. Gloves are chosen of a material known to be resistant to degradation and permeation by the hazardous substance in use. Gloves are inspected for holes or tears before use. Gloves are replaced regularly, based on wear, permeation, and degradation characteristics. Nonpermeable lab aprons or sleeves worn to protect against hazardous materials are inspected before each use. Nonpermeable lab aprons or sleeves worn to protect against hazardous materials are replaced periodically or when found to be damaged. Laboratory coats are replaced weekly or more often if contamination occurs. Eye protection is inspected prior to each use and cleaned, repaired, or replaced as necessary. The USC or ASC audits the selection and condition of personal protective equipment during the annual audit and during occasional visits to each laboratory. 4.0 Employee Information and Training This section of the CHP summarizes the provisions for employee information and training to assure compliance with Section 5191(f) (Cal-OSHA). This section of the CHP is also part of the University Hazard Communication Program found in the University IIPP. A. Laboratory personnel are provided information and training to ensure they are apprised of the hazards of chemicals in their work area. 13

15 Lab personnel are trained in the potential hazards of chemicals in the laboratory to which they are assigned prior to initial assignment. Lab personnel are trained in the potential hazards of chemicals in the laboratory to which they are assigned prior to new exposure situations. Lab personnel are given refresher training periodically on a schedule determined by the researcher and EH&S. B. The following information is provided to laboratory personnel. The contents of Section 5191 and Appendices (Cal-OSHA), Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories. The availability of Section 5191 and Appendices (Cal-OSHA). The location and availability of the CHP. The exposure limits for Cal-OSHA regulated substances and recommended exposure limits where there is no applicable Cal-OSHA limit. Signs and symptoms associated with exposures to hazardous chemicals used in the laboratory. The location and availability of known reference material on the hazards, safe handling, storage and disposal of hazardous chemicals found in the laboratory including, but not limited to MSDSs received from the chemical supplier or distributor. C. Laboratory personnel training for hazardous material use includes the following. Methods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical. 1. Personal or area exposure monitoring. 2. Continuous monitoring devices. 3. Visual appearance or odor of chemical that could be released. 4. Other indicators of presence or release. The physical and health hazards of chemicals in the laboratory. The measures lab personnel can take to protect themselves from potential hazards. Specific procedures that have been implemented to protect lab personnel from exposure to hazardous chemicals. Work practices to be followed. Emergency procedures to be followed. Personal protective equipment to be used. Applicable details of the University CHP. 14

16 5.0 Circumstances Requiring Prior Approval This section of the CHP describes the circumstances related to use of hazardous chemicals that require prior approval. All purchases of hazardous chemicals and all potentially hazardous processes are reviewed and approved by the Department head and USC prior to completion. A. Purchase of hazardous chemicals are only allowed with the approval of the Department Head and USC. Requestor submits the Department Head approved request for purchase to Purchasing. Purchasing contacts USC for approval. USC reviews request and approves if appropriate. Receiving receives hazardous chemicals and notifies USC upon receipt. USC reviews received materials and approves for delivery to the laboratory if appropriate. B. Potentially hazardous processes are only allowed with the approval of the Department Head and USC. The Department Head develops plan and submits plan to the USC. The USC reviews plan and determines process for approval. Process for approval includes some or all of the following. 1. Review and approval by Facilities. 2. Critique of plan by other competent faculty or staff, from within and/or outside the University. 3. Review by a Peer Review Committee appointed by the USC and Department Head. 4. Formal hazard assessment using HAZOP, what-if, or other proven methodology. C. Maintenance or decommissioning of equipment contaminated with hazardous materials is only allowed with the approval of the Department Head and USC. Department Head develops plan and submits plan to the USC. USC reviews plan and determines process for approval. Process for approval includes some or all of the following. 1. Review and approval by Facilities. 2. Critique of plan by other competent researchers, from within and/or outside the University. 3. Review by a Peer Review Committee appointed by the USC and Department Head. 4. Formal hazard assessment using HAZOP, what-if, or other proven methodology. 15

17 6.0 Medical Consultation and Medical Examinations This section of the CHP describes the medical consultation and examinations available to lab personnel who work with hazardous chemicals. The medical consultation and examinations is administered by the Human Resources Department. A. All lab personnel who work with hazardous chemicals are provided an opportunity to receive medical attention, including follow-up exams deemed necessary by the examining physician, under the following circumstances. All lab personnel who develops signs or symptoms associated with a hazardous chemical to which personnel may have been exposed are provided an opportunity to receive an appropriate medical exam. Any lab personnel who are shown to be exposed above the action level or PEL for a Cal-OSHA regulated substance for which there are exposure monitoring and medical surveillance requirements receive medical surveillance prescribed by the Cal-OSHA standard. Any lab personnel who may have had a hazardous exposure due to a spill, leak, explosion or other occurrence are provided an opportunity for medical consultation to determine the need for a medical examination. Lab personnel for whom medical surveillance, consultation, or examination has been recommended by the CHO or Medical Services. B. All medical examinations and consultations provided per the CHP are provided under the following conditions. All medical examinations and consultations are performed by or under the direct supervision of a licensed physician. All medical examinations and consultations are provided without cost to affected lab personnel. All medical examinations and consultations are provided without loss of pay by affected lab personnel. All medical examinations and consultations are provided at a reasonable time and place. C. The following information is provided to the physician. The identity of the hazardous chemical(s) to which affected lab personnel may have been exposed. A description of the conditions under which exposure occurred including quantitative data if available. A description of the signs and symptoms of exposure that affected personnel are experiencing. D. For all medical examinations and consultations provided per the CHP, a written opinion is obtained from the physician, which includes the following. Any recommendation for further medical follow-up. 16

18 The results of the medical examination and any associated tests. Any medical condition revealed in the course of the examination that may place affected personnel at increased risk as a result of exposure to a hazardous chemical found in the workplace. A statement that the physician has informed affected personnel of the results of the consultation or examination and of any medical condition that may require further examination or treatment. No specific findings or diagnoses unrelated to occupational exposures. 7.0 Personnel Responsible for Implementation of the CHP This section of the CHP describes the roles and responsibilities related to the implementation of the CHP. A. The Chemical Hygiene Officer (CHO). The CHO is qualified by training and experience to provide technical guidance in the development and implementation of the provisions of the CHP. The CHO is Ron Redden, University Safety Coordinator who is also the IIPP Program Administrator. The CHO coordinates all responsibilities assigned to the University Safety Department in the CHP. The CHO reviews the CHP at least annually and updates the CHP as necessary. B. Director, Human Resources The Director assists, reviews, and directs the CHO in the development and implementation of the CHP. The Director assures that all responsibilities assigned to EH&S in the CHP are fulfilled. The Director serves as the liaison to other Department Heads. C. Department Heads Department Heads assure the CHP is implemented within the colleges and laboratories for which they are responsible. Department Heads have ultimate responsibility for assuring the CHP is implemented throughout the university laboratories under their department. D. Assistant Department Heads, Laboratory Professors and ASC s. These personnel are responsible for the implementation of the CHP within their respective and individual laboratories. These personnel assure that all responsibilities assigned to laboratory personnel are fulfilled. 17

19 These personnel are responsible for the implementation of the CHP by individual staff within their laboratories. E. Laboratory Personnel Laboratory personnel are responsible for planning and conducting all lab operations in accordance with the CHP. Laboratory personnel are responsible for informing the Department Heads, faculty, staff, ASC or the USC of any observation that could indicate unexpected or uncontrolled exposure to a hazardous chemical. Laboratory personnel are responsible for informing Department Heads, faculty, staff, ASC or the USC of any observations or suggestions that could be used to improve the CHP or implementation of the CHP. 8.0 Protection Against Exposure to Particularly Hazardous Substances This section of the CHP describes provisions for additional protection for work with particularly hazardous substances. An appendix to this section may be prepared, such as the Radiation Safety Program for specific laboratory projects which employ very hazardous chemicals, equipment or materials. A. During the evaluation process described in CHP Section I. Standard Operating Procedures, Sections A-G, the Department Head, faculty, staff or ASC and the USC identify each chemical use that could be extremely or particularly hazardous. Chemicals that may be extremely or particularly hazardous include: Carcinogens Mutagens Sensitizers, allergens Flammable substances Explosive materials Peroxidizable chemicals Pyrophoric substances Air reactive chemicals Shock sensitive materials Incompatible chemicals Chemicals with high acute toxicity Chemicals with high chronic toxicity Developmental toxins Reproductive toxins Light sensitive materials Temperature sensitive materials Radioisotopes B. The Department Head, faculty, staff or ASC and USC determine if the 18

20 standard operating procedures are adequate to protect against the extremely or particularly hazardous chemical or if additional safeguards are required. Additional safeguards might include the following. Isolation of equipment with particularly hazardous materials from the general lab environment. Use of specific hoods, glove boxes or gas cabinets. More frequent checking of ventilation airflow and integrity of containment. Continuous monitoring of airflow or of potential chemical release with alarms. Use of additional skin, face, or eye protection. More stringent hygiene precautions such as more frequent change of lab coats or more frequent hand washing. Restriction of access to the laboratory. Additional training requirements. C. The Department Head, faculty, staff or ASC and the USC determine if a designated area is required. Unless infeasible or otherwise inappropriate, the following are used only in a designated area. Select carcinogens, including any substance that meets one of the following criteria. 1. Regulated by Cal-OSHA as a carcinogen. 2. A known to be carcinogen listed by the NTP. 3. A Group 1 carcinogen listed by the IARC. 4. Listed in either Group 2A or 2B by IARC or as reasonably anticipated to be carcinogens by NTP and causes statistically significant tumor incidence in experimental animals in accordance with any of the following criteria. After inhalation exposure of 6-7 hours per day, 5 days per week for a significant portion of a lifetime to dosages of less than 10 mg/m 3. After repeated skin application of less than 300 mg/kg of body weight per week. After oral dosages of less than 50 mg/kg of body weight per day. Reproductive toxins Substances with high acute toxicity D. For each designated area, the USC and the Department Head, faculty, staff or ASC prepare a designated area document, which describes the following. The particularly hazardous processes and chemicals in use in the designated area. The containment devices in use to control exposure to hazardous materials. Hazardous waste issues. Decontamination procedures. Other controls. 19

21 Standard procedures and work instructions specific to the processes or chemicals used within the designated area (as attachments). 20

22 SAMPLE DESIGNATED CONTROL AREA DOCUMENT TO BE COMPLETED BY PERSONNEL DESCRIBED IN THE CHP SECTION VIII. Laboratory: Responsible Researcher(s): Date: (Name, location, room number) (Names person in charge) (Date Prepared) I. Particularly Hazardous Processes and Chemicals (SAMPLE NARRATIVE BELOW) The hazardous process in the laboratory is the evaluation of solvent-cast UVcurable coatings. Particularly hazardous chemicals used include cyclohexanone, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. The photosensitive materials, such as the polyimide resins, and eposy resins are considered to be potential skin irritants or sensitizers. Potentially hazardous processes include hot plate baking of polyimide, spin coating, acid etching of glass, and acid cleaning. II. Containment Devices (SAMPLE NARRATIVE BELOW) The laboratory has a single fume hood, which is used for mixing solutions, acid etching, and bulk handling of organic solvents. All large batch preparations are performed in the hood. The spin coater has local exhaust ventilation to control solvent and polyimide mists and solvent vapors. When large plates are spun (3 X3 or larger), the cover is on during spin coating. A 3-gallon vacuum chamber is used to fabricate liquid crystal cells. The chamber is covered in thick Pyrex and stainless steel. III. Hazardous Waste Issues (SAMPLE NARRATIVE BELOW) Solvent wastes are segregated from acid wastes. Hazardous waste is placed in an appropriate labeled container. When the container is full, the laboratory calls the USC to remove the hazardous waste. The USC routinely arranges to collect hazardous waste monthly. IV. Decontamination Procedures (SAMPLE NARRATIVE BELOW) 21

23 Decontamination of equipment or hood is a team effort of the researcher, Facilities, and the USC. If needed, a hazardous materials abatement contractor is hired to perform decontamination using procedures agreed upon by the team and the contractor. When spills occur, the researcher leaves the laboratory and informs the USC. V. Other Controls (SAMPLE NARRATIVE BELOW) The laboratory is part of the annual audit, which updates chemical inventory, assesses chemical storage, and measures laboratory hood ventilation rates. Hot plates are labeled to warn of hot surfaces. All skin contact is avoided with solvents, polymeric materials, and epoxy resins. Typically only 10 to 20 ml of solvent are used at any one time. When polyimide is being baked on the hot plate, only a small amount of solvent is available to be evaporated because the part is very small. Thick rubber gloves are worn during acid use for etching. Researchers wear goggles for spin coating, mask aligning, and UV-curing. The small meniscus coater in the laboratory is not in use. VI. Standard Procedures or Work Instructions (INSERT SPECIFIC WORK STEPS OR PROCEDURES BELOW) 22