TORONTO DISTRICT SCHOOL BOARD ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECT GHG REPORT

Transcription

1 TORONTO DISTRICT SCHOOL BOARD ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECT GHG REPORT For the Period January 1, 2014 June 30, December 6 th, FINAL REPORT, v3.0 Prepared by: Blue Source Canada ULC (Authorized Project Contact) Suite 700, th Avenue SW Calgary, Alberta T2P 3R5 T: (403) F: (403)

2 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Table of Contents List of Figures... iii List of Tables... iii List of Abbreviations... iv 1 Introduction Review of Project Consistency with ISO Principles Relevance Completeness Consistency Accuracy Transparency Conservativeness Project Description Project Title Project Purpose / Objective Expected Lifetime of Project Project Type Legal Land Description of Project Conditions Prior to Project Initiation Description of how GHG Reductions are achieved Project Technologies Building Automation System () and mechanical retrofits: retrofits Roofing s Assertion of GHG Emission Reductions Identification of Risks to Project Roles and Responsibilities Project Eligibility Environmental Impact Assessments and Stakeholder Consultations Project History Prepared by Blue Source Canada i

3 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 4 Selection and Justification of the Baseline Scenario Inventory of Sources, Sinks and Reservoirs (SSRs) for the Project and Baseline Conditions Project Condition Baseline Condition Comparison of Project and Baseline SSRs Quantification and Calculation of GHG Emissions and Reductions Data Quantification and Adjustments Year HDD Adjustment Adjustments for Area Adjustment for the Toronto Hydro-Electric System Limited s Conservation and Demand Side Management Program Sample Calculations Data Sources GHG Assertion Data Management, Monitoring and Control Quantification and Monitoring QA/QC Procedures Data Management and QA/QC at Blue Source Internal Calculator QA/QC Blue Source Standards Record keeping practices Back-up Procedures at Blue Source Document Retention Policy at Blue Source Reporting and Verification Details Statement of Peer Review Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Prepared by Blue Source Canada ii

4 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th List of Figures Figure 1: Project Element Lifecycle Diagram for Project Condition Figure 2: Process Flow Diagram for Project Condition Figure 3: Baseline Element Lifecycle Diagram Figure 4: Process Flow Diagram for Baseline Condition Figure 5: Linear regression Analysis for Lord Dufferin Jr. & Sr. Public School in Baseline Year Figure 6: GHG assertion over time Figure 7: Data flow from Suppliers to TDSB and to Blue Source Figure 8: Linear Regression for Baseline Gas Consumption with Heating Degree Days at Lord Dufferin School (2001) Figure 9: Ontario Electricity Peak Times Figure 10: Representation of Electricity Generation over One Day List of Tables Table 1. Baseline Date Ranges... 2 Table 2: 2013 & 2014 School Sales... 6 Table 3 : Annual and Total GHG Emission Reductions for the TDSB Energy Efficiency Project... 8 Table 4: Number of s Included in TDSB Project, per Year Table 5: Barriers Assessment of Baseline Alternative Scenarios Table 6: Project Condition Sources, Sinks, and Reservoirs Table 7: Baseline Condition Sources, Sinks, and Reservoirs Table 8: Justification of SSRs Table 9: Quantification Procedures Table 10: Emission Factors for Natural Gas Combustion and Electricity Consumption (Ontario) Table 11: Annual Energy Savings and GHG Emission Reductions from Toronto Hydro Funded Projects.. 36 Table 12: Total GHG Emission Reductions from TDSB Energy Efficient s Discounting Emission Reductions from Toronto Hydro Funded Projects* Table 13: Data Monitoring and Collection Table 14: List of TDSB Schools that have undergone a retrofit and are included in the Quantification Table 15: Natural Gas Consumption for the Baseline Year (2001) in Lord Dufferin High School Table 16: Heating Degree Days for Table 17: Weather Adjusted Gas Consumption for Lord Dufferin School (2014) Table 18: Emission Factors - Ontario Electricity Production Table 19: Summary of Electricity Generation in Ontario in Table 20: Emission Factors for Electricity Generation in Ontario in Table 21. Sample of schools with hourly CEMS electricity consumption data Table 22. On-peak and off-peak percentages for 2014 sample of schools Prepared by Blue Source Canada iii

5 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Table Average on-peak and off-peak electricity consumption % by school category type Table 24: Facilities that Received Funding under Toronto Hydro-Electric System Limited s Conservation and Demand Management Program in Table 25: Facilities that Received Funding under Toronto Hydro-Electric System Limited s Conservation and Demand Management Program in List of Abbreviations Building Automation System(s) Blue Source Blue Source Canada ULC CH 4 CO 2 CO 2e GHG GWP HDD HFC IPMVP N 2O PFC SF 6 SSR TDSB VAV Methane Carbon Dioxide Carbon Dioxide-equivalent Greenhouse Gas(es) Global Warming Potential Heating Degree Day Hydrofluorocarbon(s) International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol Nitrous Oxide Perfluorocarbon(s) Sulphur Hexafluoride Sources, Sinks and Reservoirs Toronto District School Board Variable Air Volume Prepared by Blue Source Canada iv

6 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1 Introduction This report provides details of the energy efficiency retrofit project undertaken by the Toronto District School Board (TDSB). The TDSB is the largest school board in Canada, having about 600 schools that serve approximately 245,000 students. The TDSB has adopted the concept of sustainable development as defined by the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development: meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The Board acknowledges that climate change has emerged as one of the greatest challenges of the 21 st Century. To respond to climate change, focus has been placed on three critical areas as an important basis for planning and decision making: mitigation, adaptation, and education. According to the TDSB climate change shall be mitigated by reducing the Board s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by amounts that exceed the Kyoto Protocol targets 1. In November 2000, the TDSB began a series of retrofit projects in its schools to replace old and inefficient lighting and mechanical control systems with new lighting and Building Automation Systems (): The are computerized, intelligent control units that control and monitor the mechanical electronics and lighting in a building and therefore decrease the amount of electricity and natural gas being consumed for heating, lighting and ventilation purposes in the schools; The lighting retrofits involved the replacement of old T12 lighting fixtures with newer, more efficient T8 lights that consume less electricity to provide the same level of lighting. These energy savings reduce the burning of fossil fuels to produce electricity and heat, which in turn reduce GHGs released into the atmosphere. Due to the financial barriers of installing new systems in nearly 600 schools, the retrofits are ongoing, with retrofits being completed on a number of different schools each year. Up to the end of 2012 TDSB had completed lighting and retrofits in 258 of their schools. Furthermore, between January 1, 2014 and June 30, retrofits were performed on roofing and upgrades in 151 additional schools. This report quantifies the greenhouse gas credits created when total emissions from the project baseline year (2001) are compared to emissions generated for period 1 January 2014 to 30 June. Reductions are reported for each of the vintage years. Below is a summary of the significant changes made to the project quantification for this reporting year in comparison to the 2013 and earlier vintage years: 1. Registration of project on the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) CleanProjects Registry The TDSB Energy Efficiency Project was previously registered with Green Power Action s Greening Canada Fund. Emissions reductions were quantified under this registry for the TDSB (2010) Prepared by Blue Source Canada 1

7 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th vintage years. For the current reporting period of 1-January-2014 to 30-June- continuity of the project from previous reporting years is maintained with frequent references to previous vintage years in this report, however, the project will be registered on the CSA CleanProjects Registry as a voluntary offset project. Therefore, project characteristics from the 2013 and earlier vintage years are maintained with the exception of specific updates relevant to the vintage years and any changes summarized in this section. 2. Baseline adjustment from T12 to T8 for lighting retrofits This change was made in the 2013 project year. It is summarized in this report due to its significance and for additional clarification as it applies to the vintage years. In 2012, the US brought into effect legislation banning manufacture of T12 lighting. Canada followed suit with regulations that came into effect on January 1, In preparation for these regulatory changes manufacturers began phasing out production of T12 lighting before the legislation came into effect. As a result, T12 lighting has effectively become unavailable for purchase and T8 lighting is now the standard type of lighting available. The impact on this project is that some of TDSB s T8 lighting retrofits are now considered ineligible for emissions savings as follows: Projects will continue to use a T12 baseline, in order to meet the ISO principle of consistency, up to the point at which the theoretical T12 ballast would have reached the age of 10 years; Many lighting ballasts will last years; however, in order to meet the ISO principle of conservativeness, it is assumed that the theoretical T12 ballast would reach its end-of-life at the age of 10 years, and would need replacing; The impact of the T12 phase-out (i.e. no longer business-as-usual and difficult to obtain) has been most observed in 2013 whereas in years prior to 2013 the option of installing T12 lighting systems would have still been available. Therefore, it is assumed that if the TDSB had to replace lighting systems after January 1, 2013, as a result of ballasts reaching their end-of-life, they would not have the choice of continuing to use T12 technology and would have to upgrade to T8 ballasts. Therefore, the schools that will be impacted by the new T8 baseline are described as follows: Table 1. Baseline Date Ranges Vintage Date range for retrofits with T8 Year Baseline 2014 January 1, December 31, 2004 January 1, December 31, 2005 January 1, December 31, 2006 Date range for retrofits with T12 Baseline Before January 1, 2003 and between January 1, December 31, 2012 Before January 1, 2003 and between January 1, December 31, 2012 Before January 1, 2003 and between January 1, December 31, 2012 Prepared by Blue Source Canada 2

8 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Any schools where T8 lighting retrofits were performed in 2013 or later would not be included as the technology is now considered the industry standard. 3. Use of both off-peak and on-peak emissions intensity factors For vintage 2012 and previous reporting periods, the grid emissions intensity factor used to calculate TDSB s emissions from electricity consumption came from the difference between baseload (off-peak) and peak power generation, known as the marginal power generation. This marginal grid intensity factor was applied to the electricity consumption of the schools included in the quantification. However, as Ontario has phased out electricity from coal there is now less variation in emissions intensity between off-peak and on-peak generation. In addition, TDSB now has available hourly CEMS data for their schools making it possible to quantify emissions during off-peak hours. To meet the ISO principle of accuracy, the quantification of electricity consumption for the period covered in this report between 1-January-2014 to 30-June- was therefore separated into off-peak and on-peak and the corresponding grid intensity factor was applied. Further information on the calculations for on-peak and off-peak grid intensity and the electricity consumption is provided in Appendix C. With these significant changes the total emissions reductions for the 1-January-2014 to 30-June- period for TDSB is 46,114 tonnes CO 2e reductions resulting in an average of 18,445 tonnes CO 2e per year for the 2.5-year period. The emissions reductions for the 2013 vintage year were 18,455 tonnes CO 2e. 2 Review of Project Consistency with ISO Principles 2.1 Relevance The methodology used in quantifying GHG emission reductions from the project is the Alberta Offset System Quantification Protocol for Energy Efficiency Projects, (Version 1, September 2007) ( the protocol ). The protocol was developed and approved under the Alberta Offset System, which is regulated under the province s Climate Change and Emissions Management Act. The protocol was developed following the ISO standard as required under the Alberta Offset System protocol development process. Additionally, the protocol development process included a multi-step stakeholder review process consisting of a technical expert review, a broader stakeholder review process and a public posting period, all of which were managed by the Government of Alberta. The protocol continues to be one of only two government-approved quantification protocols applicable to energy efficiency projects in Canada and is therefore considered to be a valid and acceptable quantification protocol to apply to the project. Furthermore, the methodological approach is consistent with the Simple s approach based on IPMVP guidance (i.e. Whole Facility Reporting Option C) used when availability of data is limited. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 3

9 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Sources, Sinks and Reservoirs (SSRs) considered relevant and included for quantification under the proposed protocol are defined in Section 5 of this document, including justification for the exclusion of SSRs identified in the life cycle elements of the project and baseline condition prescribed under ISO SSRs for the project condition are summarized in Table 6 and Figure 1 and Figure 2. SSRs under the baseline condition are summarized in Table 7 and Figure 3 and Figure Completeness The specific scope of this project has been limited to GHG emission reductions achieved through the reduction in use of natural gas and electricity through the implementation of energy efficiency retrofits. This includes the avoided on-site combustion of natural gas as well as the indirect GHG emissions associated with the consumption of grid electricity generated in Ontario. Data collection, monitoring, and quantification approaches are summarized in Table 13 in this report. 2.3 Consistency The protocol used in the quantification of GHG reductions is consistent in its application of functional equivalence between the baseline and project condition. Individual sites within the TDSB are operating in a functionally equivalent condition in the project and baseline condition. The natural gas consumption in each of the project years was adjusted using a heating degree day (HDD) correction in order to normalize energy consumption with weather data to ensure functional equivalence between the baseline and project scenarios. The use of a one-year baseline ensures that the energy consumption in the baseline accounts for seasonal variations in facility operating conditions. A monitoring period that covers one full operating cycle of the building (i.e. one year for retrofits where operation is dependent on outdoor ambient temperature) is an approach that is recognized by the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) guidance of energy savings quantification. This approach is consistent with the definition of functional equivalence under the ISO Standard. A comparison of SSRs under the baseline and project conditions can be found by referencing Section 5.3 in this report. 2.4 Accuracy Bias and uncertainties in quantification were limited through the use of utility meter readings (natural gas and electricity consumption) and weather data from Environment Canada. Additionally, the utility data is obtained from meters that are maintained according to Measurement Canada standards. Data collection, monitoring, and quantification approaches are summarized in Table 13 in this report. In addition, as outlined in Section 1, additional changes to the quantification method have been made for the vintage years to ensure accuracy. 2.5 Transparency Data collection, monitoring, and quantification approaches are summarized in Section 7 and Table 13 of this report. This report is also accompanied by GHG calculation tools that summarize the annual emission reduction claims to support the verification of the GHG emission reduction assertion. Three separate GHG Prepared by Blue Source Canada 4

10 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Calculators were developed for each of the vintage years in this reporting period. For this reporting period the GHG Calculators were significantly upgraded to reflect modifications and to improve transparency. 2.6 Conservativeness The approach used in this quantification was compared against a number of quantification approaches and was found to be the most conservative. Energy efficiency retrofits began in 2000; however, 2001 is the first full year for which energy consumption data exists. Taking the energy consumption in 2001 as the baseline year, when energy savings due to efficiency retrofits had already begun in 2000, ensures conservative calculations. In addition, as outlined in Section 1, additional changes to the baseline quantification method have been made for the vintage years to ensure conservativeness. 3 Project Description 3.1 Project Title This project is registered under the title: Toronto District School Board (TDSB) Energy Efficiency Project ( the project ). 3.2 Project Purpose / Objective The purpose of this project is to reduce GHG emissions associated with natural gas consumption and electricity use throughout the TDSB by implementing energy efficiency measures. This project is part of a district-wide initiative administered by the TDSB s Energy Coordinating Committee. These energy efficiency projects include: Building Automation System () and mechanical retrofits the installation of equipment used to control building systems, reduce building temperature and manage mechanical loads when schools are unoccupied; retrofits the replacement of T12 lighting fixtures with new T8 lighting fixtures thereby decreasing electricity consumption; and Roofing retrofits the replacement of roofing with more energy efficient materials with a higher insulation value of R20 compared to a previously negligible R value, thereby reducing natural gas consumption. 3.3 Expected Lifetime of Project The TDSB s energy efficiency retrofits are ongoing. s first began November 25, The baseline year for this project is 2001 because it is the first calendar year for which complete utility data records exist. The project start date is therefore January 1, There is no specified end date for this project, which will be completed once all schools have been upgraded. 3.4 Project Type This is an energy efficiency project. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 5

11 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 3.5 Legal Land Description of Project This is an aggregation project of 408 facilities across the TDSB in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. However, for each vintage year some schools are removed due to missing data, anomalies in gas or electricity usage, sale, not having any retrofits prior to that year or not meeting the new baseline criteria for T8 lighting (See Section 1.0). A number of schools were sold between the years. Schools sold in 2014 would have been removed entirely from the project whereas a school sold in would be included in the 2014 vintage year but not in or. The list of sold schools are as follows: Table 2: 2013 & 2014 School Sales 2012 School Sales Sold On: 2013 School Sales Sold On: Briar Hill Junior Public 20 August 2013 School Kipling Grove School 9 August 2014 Brooks Road Public 31 December 2013 Vincent Massey Junior School School 27 August 2014 Castlebar 02 July 2013 Hardington Learning 28 August 2013 Centre Heron Park Junior Public 30 July 2013 School Pringdale Gardens Junior 13 August 2013 Public School Regent Park/Duke Junior 17 September 2013 Public School There were no schools sold in the - years. Appendix A summarizes the final school count used in the 1-January-2014 to 30-June- project quantification for the three types of retrofit technologies,, lighting and roofing. 3.6 Conditions Prior to Project Initiation Prior to the implementation of the project, original lighting and mechanical equipment was utilized at the various TDSB facilities. The specific lighting and mechanical equipment varied depending on the facility. Previous roofing installations held a negligible insulation R value. In all other respects the schools were the same. 3.7 Description of how GHG Reductions are achieved Emission reductions are achieved through energy efficiency retrofits undertaken across TDSB facilities. Energy efficiency reduces the demand for energy at the schools, which in turn means less demand for the combustion of fossil fuels in power stations or on-site equipment (such as boilers). In this way, the energy efficiency project reduces GHG emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 6

12 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 3.8 Project Technologies Energy efficiency retrofits consisted of three types: 1) Building Automation Systems () and mechanical retrofits; 2) retrofits; and 3) Roofing retrofits. s were dependent on the pre-existing infrastructure that was in place at the various facilities before any energy efficiency retrofits were undertaken. For this reason, the project retrofits are described in a generic fashion in the following sections Building Automation System () and mechanical retrofits: Microprocessor based were installed with standardized high performance programming, automatic monitoring and reporting and with remote communication. These systems were installed both in schools that had no previous automation system and in schools that had obsolete, inefficient pneumatic systems. systems are designed to provide complete control and monitoring for the mechanical systems at each school. As such the number of control points provided at each site depends on the number and complexity of the mechanical systems. The potential areas of improvement for the were provided by the TDSB to consulting engineers tasked with performing the energy efficiency retrofits. These were not specific to any one school or system and so while consultants were encouraged to incorporate them into the specific site designs they were nonetheless required to use their own expertise to formulate the best design solution for each specific site. Potential retrofit measures included the following equipment: Heating Plant (Primary Hot Water Heating and Steam Heating Plant); Air Handling Units (Single Zone or multi-zone, Variable Air Volume (VAV) Air Handling Unit, VAV Boxes, VAV Boxes (Fan Powered), Packaged Roof-Top Unit, make-up Air Handling Units, and Fan Coils); Chilled Water Plant; Exhaust Fans; Controls; Unit Ventilator; Unit Ventilator Pneumatic Control; Domestic Hot Water Standard or with Converter; Outdoor Air Temperature/ Alarm; Urinal Flush Tank System retrofits Existing indoor lighting was retrofitted with approved energy efficient lighting sources in order to minimize energy costs and to enhance the quality of lighting in each facility. The major component of these projects involved replacing the existing interior lighting systems in each facility with T8 fluorescent technology or other approved energy-efficient lighting systems. Classrooms, corridors, common areas, etc. were redesigned in conformance with the recommended Ministry of Education Illumination guidelines. The scope of work according to the TDSB s Catalogue of measures for s included: Prepared by Blue Source Canada 7

13 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Replacing all existing T12 lamps with T8 lamps (T8 lamps are of 4-foot or 2-foot lengths only). Eight foot T12 and U-tube lamps were also replaced to this standard when possible; Existing incandescent fixtures were evaluated on a case-by-case basis to determine if the retrofit was economically feasible; In order to standardize the type of fluorescent lamps and electronic ballasts at the facility level, a single manufacturer was used for each site s retrofits; Light level readings were recorded for every retrofitted area of the school. In each room or area, the light level readings were provided to determine a representative average of the general light level in that space. The new lighting levels were recorded in as-built documents after installation was complete; Fixtures that were determined to be in good or fair condition were re-lamped and re-ballasted; Fixtures that were determined to be in poor condition were replaced. All retrofit measures for each facility were described using the code designations supplied by the TDSB in its catalogue of standard retrofit measures. As previously described in Section 1, due to the phase out of T12 lighting and new legislation that was introduced to require T8 lighting as a minimum energy efficiency standard the lighting baseline scenario for the 2013 quantification period and onwards has been updated to T8 light. However, this baseline scenario will be applied only to those schools which were retrofitted within a date range relative to the vintage year of the quantification (see Table 1 for details) as the standard lifetime of a lighting ballast is 10-years and only the lighting that would have reached its end-of-life after January 1, 2013 would have to be replaced with the industry standard T8 lighting. The ballasts that would not have to be replaced after January 1, 2013 would maintain a T12 baseline Roofing s Roofing replacements began in 2014 to improve the condition of school roofs and to enhance energy efficiency. This process involves using layers of felts and hot-applied asphalt. The asphalt is delivered to each school in a solid state and then it is inserted into a roofing kettle and heated until it turns into liquid form. It is then spread throughout the roof using specialized mops. The new insulation R-value of the roof replacements is R-20 as compared to the previous roofs having a negligible R-value. Schools with retrofitted roofs achieve energy consumption savings from a reduction in natural gas usage. 3.9 Assertion of GHG Emission Reductions Table 3 : Annual and Total GHG Emission Reductions for the TDSB Energy Efficiency Project Year CO2 (t CO2) CH4 (t CH4) Natural Gas Electricity All Fuels N2O CO2 Total CH4 GWP N2O GWP (t N2O) (t CO2e) (t CO2e) , ,524 15,750 15, ,365 17,600 Prepared by Blue Source Canada 8

14 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th (Jan Jun) 11, ,764 The total GHG emission reductions attributable to the TDSB Energy Efficiency Project for the period 1 January June are 46,114 metric tonnes of CO 2 equivalent Identification of Risks to Project There are no material risks that have been identified for this project that would impact the quantification of GHG emissions. The energy retrofits completed by the TDSB result in a permanent GHG emission reduction since the displacement of the fossil fuels cannot be reversed. This project type does not involve biological or geological sequestration-related risks Roles and Responsibilities Project Developer Contact Information Authorized Project Contact Verifier Toronto District School Board Maurice Buonastella Energy & Building Automation Systems Coordinator Phone: Fax: Maurice.Buonastella@tdsb.on.ca Blue Source Canada ULC Tooraj Moulai, P.Eng. Senior Engineer, Carbon Services Phone: x 259 Fax: tooraj@bluesourcecan.com Stantec Consulting Ltd. Daniel Hegg Lead Verifier / Discipline Lead Phone: (250) Daniel.Hegg@stantec.com 15 Oakburn Crescent Toronto, ON M2N 2T5 Canada Web: Suite th Avenue SW Calgary, AB T2P 0Z3 Canada Web: Stantec Consulting Ltd Tyee Road Victoria, BC V9A 6X5 Web: Project Eligibility The GHG emission reduction assertion was quantified using a quantification methodology considered to be industry best practice guidance (Alberta Quantification Protocol for Energy Efficiency Projects, version 2 The Global Warming Potentials (GWP s) for CH 4 and N 2O were updated to reflect the 2007 GWP s published by the International Panel on Climate Change based on the requirement from Environment Canada for projects in 2013 and onwards. CH 4 GWP is now 25 and N 2O GWP is now 298. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 9

15 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1, September 2007). However, not all of the project eligibility criteria in the protocol are applicable to the TDSB project, since offsets from this project are not being created for compliance use in Alberta. Specifically, the project start date requirement (on, or after January 1, 2002) and location requirement (in Alberta) are not applicable for TDSB since these offsets are being created for voluntary purposes from an Ontario-based offset project. As such, although the protocol is used as a source of best practice guidance for quantifying GHG emission reductions, the project eligibility criteria are instead defined by the registry on which the offsets are to be listed (CSA CleanProjects Registry) or otherwise defined by the ISO standards. The following characteristics of the CleanProjects Registry the project ensure it meets the required eligibility criteria: The quantification protocol referenced was developed in accordance to ISO standard; The GHG assertion will be verified by an independent third-party prior to project registration; The facility operations are not subject to any regulations requiring the implementation of energy retrofits or prohibiting the use of incandescent light bulbs in the province of Ontario; Guidelines for roofing stipulate a minimum R-20 insulation value, however, these guidelines are not enforced and there are no consequences for building operators to implement uninsulated roofing systems. The project is not currently subject to any climate change or emissions management legislation either in the province of Ontario or Federally in Canada; Potential GHG emission reductions generated by this project are not listed on any other GHG reduction registry in Canada or internationally; and This project has not participated under any other climate change incentive programs and has not received any public funds related to such initiatives except for funding from the Toronto Hydro- Electric System Limited s Conservation and Demand Side Management Program (THESL). The reductions realized from this funding are discounted from the total assertion. More information is available on this in Section Environmental Impact Assessments and Stakeholder Consultations Neither an environmental impact assessment nor stakeholder consultations were required for this project. However, initiatives undertaken by the TDSB to reduce energy consumption such as the lighting, /mechanical and roofing retrofits described in this GHG Report are reported by the Board to stakeholders and the public in its Go Green Report. 3 This ensures the relevance, accuracy, conservativeness, consistency, and transparency of the project Project History The TDSB s energy efficiency retrofits began November 25, 2000 and are ongoing. For the purpose of quantifying GHG emission reductions under this GHG Report, electricity and natural gas utility data from 2001 are used to establish baseline energy use for the 408 buildings that underwent retrofits. The T8 retrofits that are included in this reporting period occurred before The /mechanical retrofits occurred during 2002 and the roofing retrofits occurred between the years TDSB (2010) Prepared by Blue Source Canada 10

16 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th The project start date is set to January 1, Recording of energy usage data, in the form of utility bills, is done monthly. Table 4 below includes a comparison of the number and type of retrofits included in the quantification for the 2014 vintage years. Year Table 4: Number of s Included in TDSB Project, per Year Number of s Included in the Project Number of / mechanical s Included in the Project Number of Roofing s Included in the Project N/A N/A % increase btw 2013 and -45.5% 56.9% N/A The drop in the number of lighting retrofits included in the quantification between 2013 and the 1- January-2014 to 30-June- reporting period is due to the requirement to use T8 lighting as the baseline for any schools where the lighting would have reached its 10-year end-of-life after January 1, 2013 and would require replacing at that point. These schools were excluded as they would have had to replace the ballasts with T8 types. The number of mechanical retrofits increased for the and vintage years and this is due to an increase in the number of schools where these retrofits were performed with a large number of these retrofits beginning in Selection and Justification of the Baseline Scenario Three possible baselines were identified in the development of this GHG offset project. These include: Status quo (i.e. keeping the original inefficient mechanical, roofing and lighting systems in place); of either the existing mechanical, roofing or the lighting systems; The project scenario (i.e. retrofit of both the mechanical, roofing and lighting systems). The approach used to select and justify the relevant baseline scenario for this offset project consisted of two components: identification of barriers facing each alternative and an assessment of the expected costs to implement and operate each alternative. This analysis includes project specific information related to the decision making at TDSB. The relevant barriers affecting each of these scenarios are summarized in Table 5 below: Prepared by Blue Source Canada 11

17 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Table 5: Barriers Assessment of Baseline Alternative Scenarios Baseline Scenario Alternatives Alternative 1: Status quo. Keep the original inefficient mechanical, and lighting systems in place. Replace the out of date roofing systems with the conventional uninsulated roofing. Alternative 2: one of the three forms of the existing mechanical, lighting and insulated roofing systems. Alternative 3: The project scenario Relevant Barriers Financial/Economic: None. There are no upfront capital costs. Electrical and natural gas utility costs are unchanged from previous year operating budgets. Operational: None. The mechanical and lighting systems in place are well understood and meet the operational requirements of the facilities; systems would continue to operate without special training requirements. New conventional type of roofs that do not include insulation would function the same as the previously installed roofs. Environmental/Social: Low. Some pressure from parents, staff and pupils may be experienced to upgrade lighting and mechanical systems for environmental/social reasons. Guidelines for building roofing systems stipulate a minimum R-20 insulation value, however, these guidelines are not enforced and there are no consequences for building operators to implement uninsulated roofing systems. Financial/Economic: Medium. Some upfront capital costs depending on extent of the energy efficiency program and the retrofits completed. Cost of insulated roofing is higher than conventional roofing systems. Operational: Medium. retrofits and insulated roofing may require special training for building operators to use, monitor and maintain effectively. T8 lighting has become a minimum standard. However, lighting ballasts that have not reached their 10-year end-of-life after January 1, 2013 (point at which T8 lighting is considered to be minimum standard) would not have to be replaced yet. Environmental/Social: Low. Capital used for retrofits is diverted from other core educational requirements and may be resisted by some parents and/or staff. Financial/Economic: High: Upfront capital costs associated with retrofits. Additional costs to hire third party energy efficiency experts to evaluate energy efficiency opportunities and to complete retrofits. Operational: High: retrofits and insulated roofing retrofits may require special training for building operators to use, monitor, and maintain effectively. T8 lighting is a minimum standard as of 2013 as T12 lighting has been phased out. Environmental/Social: Low. Capital used for retrofits is diverted from other core educational requirements and may be resisted by some parents and/or staff. Based on the above barriers assessment, the most likely baseline scenario would be the continued use of the existing /mechanical and lighting systems as well as the replacement of the out-of-date roofing with conventional uninsulated roofing systems since this scenario has the fewest barriers to implementation, with the added condition for this year s quantification that any lighting systems reaching their 10-year end-of-life after January 1, 2013 and had to be replaced would have required replacement with T8 lighting which is now a minimum standard as T12 s have been phased out. By comparison, the project condition faces significant financial barriers and skills/operational barriers. The comprehensive Prepared by Blue Source Canada 12

18 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th nature of the TDSB energy efficiency retrofit program to review all school buildings with respect to energy efficiency performance exceeds business as usual. Using the above barriers analysis, the baseline scenario was selected. This represents the conditions most likely to occur in the absence of the project. In other words, had the TDSB not implemented energy efficiency retrofits at a district level, the existing /mechanical and lighting equipment would have continued to be used and replacement of roofing systems with conventional uninsulated roofing would have continued. As such the consumption of natural gas and electricity would have likely stayed at a level consistent with the energy consumption in the baseline year. For this project, 2001 is the first full year for which individual facility energy consumption data was available district-wide. Using the energy consumption data from 2001 as the baseline is a conservative approach for several reasons: Had the project not been undertaken, electricity demand would have been expected to increase each year. Various computers labs, electrically-driven air conditioning units, and other electrical equipment have been added to the schools since the baseline year, which would increase electricity consumption correspondingly. The total area of all buildings in the TDSB has increased as portable classrooms have been added to several schools beginning in Increasing the area of all facilities in the project results in higher energy use and lower claimed GHG savings 4. Operating hours of the schools have increased over time, especially during evenings, weekends, and summer time. As the City of Toronto has grown, demand for community usage of school facilities has increased. Energy efficiency retrofits began in 2000; however, 2001 is the first full year for which energy consumption data exists. Taking the energy consumption in 2001 as the baseline year when some energy efficiency retrofits had already been undertaken, underestimates baseline energy use and is therefore conservative. An alternative to using 2001 as the baseline year would have been to use the energy consumption of the facility for the year prior to the completion of the energy efficiency retrofits. However, using 2001 as the baseline year for energy use in the TDSB was deemed as a more accurate approach than taking the year prior to any efficiency retrofit for the following reasons: The exact date of completion for retrofits is documented; however, the completion date indicates the point where retrofits were formally acknowledged by the TDSB and do not represent the actual completion of retrofits. If the year prior to any energy efficiency retrofits was used as the baseline, energy savings would be realized during the baseline year leading to an inaccurate determination of energy savings for each project year. In addition, because retrofits are ongoing, energy savings began while the retrofits were underway. Given that the completion date does not provide any indication of 4 Note that the floor space of portable units is not included in the total floor space recorded for each school, but the energy consumption of those portable units (electricity) is included in the totals, which results in an overly conservative GHG reduction estimate. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 13

19 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th when retrofits began, using the year prior to any efficiency retrofits as the baseline could underestimate the baseline emissions; /mechanical and lighting retrofits are not done concurrently. This presents difficulties when establishing a baseline for electricity and gas consumption. For example, in some cases /mechanical retrofits affect not only natural gas consumption but also electricity consumption. If there is not a full year to establish this new baseline before lighting retrofits are done, then baseline electricity consumption cannot be accurately determined. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 14

20 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 5 Inventory of Sources, Sinks and Reservoirs (SSRs) for the Project and Baseline Conditions 5.1 Project Condition SSRs were identified for the project by reviewing the relevant process flow diagrams, consulting with relevant industry stakeholders (through the Alberta Offset System Quantification Protocol Development Process) and reviewing available good practice guidance. This iterative process confirmed that the SSRs in the process flow diagrams included below cover the full scope of eligible project activities under the protocol. The project condition is defined including the relevant SSRs and processes as shown in Table 6 and Figure 1 and Figure 2 below. Table 6: Project Condition Sources, Sinks, and Reservoirs 1. SSR 2. Description Upstream SS s during Project Operation P1Fuel Extraction and Processing P2 Fuel Delivery P3 Development and Processing of Unit Material Inputs P10 Electricity Usage Each of the fuels used throughout the project will need to sourced and processed. This will allow for the calculation of the greenhouse gas emissions from the various processes involved in the production, refinement and storage of the fuels. The total volumes of fuel for each of the SS s are considered under this SS. Volumes and types of fuels are the important characteristics to be tracked. Each of the fuels used throughout the project will need to be transported to the site. This may include shipments by tanker or by pipeline, resulting in the emissions of greenhouse gases. It is reasonable to exclude fuel sourced by taking equipment to an existing commercial fueling station as the fuel used to take the equipment to the sites is captured under other SS s and there is no other delivery. The material inputs to the unit process need to be transported, developed and/or processed prior to the unit process. This may require any number of mechanical, chemical or biological processes. All relevant characteristics of the material inputs would need to be tracked to prove functional equivalence with the baseline scenario. Electricity may be required for operating the Project Unit. This power may be sourced either from internal generation, connected facilities or the local electricity grid. Metering of electricity may be netted in terms of the power going to and from the grid. Quantity and source of power are the important characteristics to be tracked as they directly relate to the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions. 3. Controlled, Related or Affected Related Related Related Related Prepared by Blue Source Canada 15

21 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1. SSR 2. Description Onsite SS s During Project Operation P4 Generation of Heat and Power P5 Heat Transfer or Power Conversion P6a Unit Operation: Biological Processes P6b Unit Operation: Chemical Processes P6c Unit Operation: Mechanical Processes P7 Facility Operation P8 Electricity Generation Downstream SS s during Project Operation P9 Development and Processing of Unit Material Outputs Other P11 Development of Site The generation of heat and power may be for the project site. This generation could require the combustion of fossil fuels precipitating greenhouse gas emissions. Volumes and types of fuels are the important characteristics to be tracked. Mechanical or other processes may be required to transfer the heat and power to a usable form at the project site. All relevant characteristics of the heat transfer or power conversion would need to be tracked including volumes and types of fuels are the important characteristics to be tracked. Greenhouse gas emissions may occur that are associated with the operation and maintenance of the biological processes within the unit at the project site. All relevant characteristics of the biological processes would need to be tracked. Greenhouse gas emissions may occur that are associated with the operation and maintenance of the chemical processes within the unit at the project site. All relevant characteristics of the chemical processes would need to be tracked. Greenhouse gas emissions may occur that are associated with the operation and maintenance of the mechanical processes within the unit at the project site. All relevant characteristics of the mechanical processes would need to be tracked. Greenhouse gas emissions may occur that are associated with the operation and maintenance of the overall facility. This may include running vehicles and facilities at the project site. Quantities and types for each of the energy inputs would be tracked. Electricity may be generated to meet internal project demand or for export from the project site. The generation of this electricity may yield incremental greenhouse gas emissions. Quantities and types for each of the energy inputs would be tracked. The material inputs to the unit process need to be transported, developed and/or processed subsequent to the unit process. This may require any number of mechanical, chemical or biological processes. All relevant characteristics of the material outputs would need to be tracked to prove functional equivalence with the baseline scenario. The site of the facility may need to be developed. This could include civil infrastructure such as access to electricity, gas and water supply, as well as sewer etc. This may also include clearing, grading, building access roads, etc. There will also need to be some building of structures for the facility such as storage areas, storm water drainage, offices, vent stacks, firefighting water storage lagoons, etc., as well as structures to enclose, 3. Controlled, Related or Affected Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Related Related Prepared by Blue Source Canada 16

22 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th P12 Building Equipment 1. SSR 2. Description P13 Transportation of Equipment P14 Construction on Site P15 Testing of Equipment P16 Site Decommissioning support and house the equipment. Greenhouse gas emissions would be primarily attributed to the use of fossil fuels and electricity used to power equipment required to develop the site such as graders, backhoes, trenching machines, etc. Equipment may need to be built either on-site or off-site. This includes all of the components of the storage, handling, processing, combustion, air quality control, system control and safety systems. These may be sourced as pre-made standard equipment or custom built to specification. Greenhouse gas emissions would be primarily attributed to the use of fossil fuels and electricity used to power equipment for the extraction of the raw materials, processing, fabricating and assembly Equipment built off-site and the materials to build equipment on-site, will all need to be delivered to the site. Transportation may be completed by truck, barge and/or train. Greenhouse gas emissions would be primarily attributed to the use of fossil fuels to power the equipment delivering the equipment to the site. The process of construction at the site will require a variety of heavy equipment, smaller power tools, cranes and generators. The operation of this equipment will have associated greenhouse gas emission from the use of fossil fuels and electricity Once the facility is no longer operational, the site may need to be decommissioned. This may involve the disassembly of the equipment, demolition of on-site structures, disposal of some materials, environmental restoration, re-grading, planting or seeding, and transportation of materials off-site. Greenhouse gas emissions would be primarily attributed to the use of fossil fuels and electricity used to power equipment required to decommission the site. 3. Controlled, Related or Affected Related Related Related Related Prepared by Blue Source Canada 17

23 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Figure 1: Project Element Lifecycle Diagram for Project Condition Prepared by Blue Source Canada 18

24 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Figure 2: Process Flow Diagram for Project Condition Prepared by Blue Source Canada 19

25 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 5.2 Baseline Condition The baseline condition selected and justified in Section 3, includes building energy consumption. To calculate the GHG emissions under the baseline scenario a historic benchmark approach is used. This method uses metered natural gas and electricity consumption from the pre-project condition to. The baseline condition is defined including the relevant SSRs and processes as shown in Table 7 and Figure 3 and Figure 4, below. Table 7: Baseline Condition Sources, Sinks, and Reservoirs 1. SSR 2. Description Upstream SS s during Baseline Operation B1 Fuel Extraction and Processing B2 Fuel Delivery B3 Development and Processing of Unit Material Inputs B10 Electricity Usage Onsite SS s During Baseline Operation Each of the fuels used throughout the unit process will need to sourced and processed. This will allow for the calculation of the greenhouse gas emissions from the various processes involved in the production, refinement and storage of the fuels. The total volumes of fuel for each of the SS s are considered under this SS. Volumes and types of fuels are the important characteristics to be tracked. Each of the fuels used throughout the unit process will need to be transported to the site. This may include shipments by tanker or by pipeline, resulting in the emissions of greenhouse gases. It is reasonable to exclude fuel sourced by taking equipment to an existing commercial fueling station as the fuel used to take the equipment to the sites is captured under other SS s and there is no other delivery The material inputs to the unit process need to be transported, developed and/or processed prior to the unit process. This may require any number of mechanical, chemical or biological processes. All relevant characteristics of the material inputs would need to be tracked to prove functional equivalence with the project scenario. Electricity may be required for operating the Project Unit. This power may be sourced either from internal generation, connected facilities or the local electricity grid. Metering of electricity may be netted in terms of the power going to and from the grid. Quantity and source of power are the important characteristics to be tracked as they directly relate to the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions. 3. Controlled, Related or Affected Related Related Related Related Prepared by Blue Source Canada 20

26 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1. SSR 2. Description Each of the fuels used throughout the on-site component of the project will need to sourced and processed. This will allow for the calculation of the greenhouse gas B1 Fuel Extraction and Processing emissions from the various processes involved in the production, refinement and storage of the fuels. The total volumes of fuel for each of the on-site SS s are considered under this SS. Volumes and types of fuels are the important characteristics to be tracked. Electricity will be used in the project condition. This power may be sourced either from internal generation, connected facilities or the local electricity grid. Metering of B2 Electricity Usage electricity may be netted in terms of the power going to and from the grid. Quantity and source of power are the important characteristics to be tracked as they directly relate to the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions. Onsite SS s during Baseline Operation 3. Controlled, Related or Affected Related Related B4 Generation of Heat and Power B5 Heat Transfer or Power Conversion B6a Unit Operation: Biological Processes B6b Unit Operation: Chemical Processes B6c Unit Operation: Mechanical Processes B7 Facility Operation B8 Electricity Generation The generation of heat and power may be required for facility operation. This generation could require the combustion of fossil fuels precipitating greenhouse gas emissions. Volumes and types of fuels are the important characteristics to be tracked. Mechanical or other processes may be required to transfer the heat and power to a usable form at the site. All relevant characteristics of the heat transfer or power conversion would need to be tracked including volumes and types of fuels are the important characteristics to be tracked. Greenhouse gas emissions may occur that are associated with the operation and maintenance of the biological processes within the unit at the site. All relevant characteristics of the biological processes would need to be tracked. Greenhouse gas emissions may occur that are associated with the operation and maintenance of the chemical processes within the unit at the site. All relevant characteristics of the chemical processes would need to be tracked. Greenhouse gas emissions may occur that are associated with the operation and maintenance of the mechanical processes within the unit at the site. All relevant characteristics of the mechanical processes would need to be tracked. Greenhouse gas emissions may occur that are associated with the operation and maintenance of the overall facility. This may include running vehicles and facilities at the site. Quantities and types for each of the energy inputs would be tracked. Electricity may be generated to meet internal demand or for export from the site. The generation of this electricity may yield incremental greenhouse gas emissions. Quantities and types for each of the energy inputs would be tracked. Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Prepared by Blue Source Canada 21

27 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1. SSR 2. Description Downstream SS s during Baseline Operation 3. Controlled, Related or Affected B9 Development and Processing of Unit Material Outputs Other B11 Development of Site B12 Building Equipment B13 Transportation of Equipment B14 Construction on Site B15 Testing of Equipment B16 Site Decommissioning The material inputs to the unit process need to be transported, developed and/or processed subsequent to the unit process. This may require any number of mechanical, chemical or biological processes. All relevant characteristics of the material outputs would need to be tracked to prove functional equivalence with the project scenario. The site of the facility may need to be developed. This could include civil infrastructure such as access to electricity, gas and water supply, as well as sewer etc. This may also include clearing, grading, building access roads, etc. There will also need to be some building of structures for the facility such as storage areas, storm water drainage, offices, vent stacks, firefighting water storage lagoons, etc., as well as structures to enclose, support and house the equipment. Greenhouse gas emissions would be primarily attributed to the use of fossil fuels and electricity used to power equipment required to develop the site such as graders, backhoes, trenching machines, etc. Equipment may need to be built either on-site or off-site. This includes all of the components of the storage, handling, processing, combustion, air quality control, system control and safety systems. These may be sourced as pre-made standard equipment or custom built to specification. Greenhouse gas emissions would be primarily attributed to the use of fossil fuels and electricity used to power equipment for the extraction of the raw materials, processing, fabricating and assembly. Equipment built off-site and the materials to build equipment on-site, will all need to be delivered to the site. Transportation may be completed by truck, barge and/or train. Greenhouse gas emissions would be primarily attributed to the use of fossil fuels to power the equipment delivering the equipment to the site. The process of construction at the site will require a variety of heavy equipment, smaller power tools, cranes and generators. The operation of this equipment will have associated greenhouse gas emission from the use of fossil fuels and electricity. Equipment may need to be tested to ensure that it is operational. This may result in running the equipment using test anaerobic digestion fuels or fossil fuels in order to ensure that the equipment runs properly. These activities will result in greenhouse gas emissions associated with the combustion of fossil fuels and the use of electricity. Once the facility is no longer operational, the site may need to be decommissioned. This may involve the disassembly of the equipment, demolition of on-site structures, disposal Related Related Related Related Related Related Related Prepared by Blue Source Canada 22

28 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1. SSR 2. Description of some materials, environmental restoration, re-grading, planting or seeding, and transportation of materials off-site. Greenhouse gas emissions would be primarily attributed to the use of fossil fuels and electricity used to power equipment required to decommission the site. 3. Controlled, Related or Affected Prepared by Blue Source Canada 23

29 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Figure 3: Baseline Element Lifecycle Diagram Prepared by Blue Source Canada 24

30 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Figure 4: Process Flow Diagram for Baseline Condition Prepared by Blue Source Canada 25

31 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 5.3 Comparison of Project and Baseline SSRs Table 8: Justification of SSRs 1. Identified SS s Upstream SS s P1 Fuel Extraction and Processing B1 Fuel Extraction and Processing 2. Baseline (C, R, A) 2. Project (C, R, A) N/A Related Exclude Related N/A Exclude 4. Include or Exclude from Quantification 5. Justification for Exclusion GHG emissions associated with fuel extraction and processing were excluded based on the fact that these emission factors were developed exclusively for projects in Alberta and may not be applicable to Ontariobased projects. Relevant emission factors for fuel extraction and processing were not available for Ontario. Furthermore, the exclusion of this SSR is conservative given that a greater quantity of natural gas, and hence emissions associated with fuel extraction and processing, is consumed in the baseline condition. GHG emissions associated with fuel extraction and processing were excluded based on the fact that these emission factors were developed exclusively for projects in Alberta and may not be applicable to Ontariobased projects. Relevant emission factors for fuel extraction and processing were not available for Ontario. Furthermore, the exclusion of this SSR is conservative given that a greater quantity of natural gas, and hence emissions associated with fuel extraction and processing, is consumed in the baseline condition. P2/B2 Fuel Delivery Related Related Exclude Excluded as the emissions from transportation are greater under the baseline condition. P3/B3 Manufacture of Equipment Related Related Exclude Excluded as by definition, they must be functionally equivalent to allow for the application of the protocol Prepared by Blue Source Canada 26

32 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1. Identified SS s P10/B10 Electricity Usage Onsite SS s P4/B4 Generation of Heat and Power 2. Baseline (C, R, A) 2. Project (C, R, A) Related Related Include Controlled Controlled Include 4. Include or Exclude from Quantification 5. Justification for Exclusion The difference in emissions from the baseline and the project period are mainly due to implemented Energy Conservation Measures by the TDSB. The project includes retrofits to lighting and/or mechanical control systems, which specifically lower electricity use, as well as natural gas The difference in emissions from the baseline to the project period is mainly due to implemented Energy Conservation Measures by the TDSB. The project includes retrofits to lighting and/or mechanical control systems, which specifically lower electricity and natural gas use P5/B5 Heat Transfer or Power Conversion P6a/B6a Unit Operation: Biological Processes P6b/B6b Unit Operation: Chemical Processes P6c/B6c Unit Operation: Mechanical Processes P7/B7 Facility Operation P8/B8 Electricity Generation Downstream SS s Controlled Controlled Exclude The project does not include any heat transfer or power conversion Controlled Controlled Exclude The project and baseline conditions do not include any biological processes Controlled Controlled Exclude The project and baseline conditions do not include any chemical processes Controlled Controlled Exclude Mechanical processes associated with the unit operation (SS P6c/B6c) are not included in the quantification as less maintenance is likely required for the new systems. Controlled Controlled Exclude Excluded as the facility operation is defined to cover the elements of operations at the site that are not impacted by the implementation of the project and as such the baseline and project conditions are functionally equivalent. Controlled Controlled Exclude There is no onsite power or electricity generation for the project or baseline conditions Prepared by Blue Source Canada 27

33 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1. Identified SS s P9/B9 Development and Processing of Unit Material Outputs Other 2. Baseline (C, R, A) 2. Project (C, R, A) 4. Include or Exclude from Quantification 5. Justification for Exclusion Related Related Exclude Excluded as by definition, they must be functionally equivalent to allow for the application of the protocol P11 Development of Site B11 Development of Site P12 Building Equipment B12 Building Equipment P13 Transportation of Equipment B13 Transportation of Equipment P14 Construction on Site N/A Related Exclude Related N/A Exclude N/A Related Exclude Related N/A Exclude N/A Related Exclude Related N/A Exclude N/A Related Exclude Emissions from site development are not material given the long project life, and the minimal site development required to install the lighting fixtures and units. Emissions from site development are not material for the baseline condition given the minimal site development required. Emissions from building equipment are not material given the long project life, and the minimal building equipment required. Emissions from building equipment are not material for the baseline condition given the minimal building equipment required. Emissions from transportation of equipment are not material given the long project life, and the minimal transportation of equipment required. Emissions from transportation of equipment are not material for the baseline condition given the minimal transportation of equipment required. Emissions from construction on site are not material given the long project life, and the minimal construction on site required to install the lighting fixtures and units. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 28

34 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 5.4 Quantification and Calculation of GHG Emissions and Reductions Quantification of the reductions, removals and reversals of relevant SSRs for each of the three greenhouse gases (CO 2, CH 4, and N 2O) is completed according to the protocol using the methodologies outlined in Table 9, below. These calculation methodologies serve to complete the following three equations for calculating the emission reductions from the comparison of the baseline and project conditions. Emission Reduction = Emissions Baseline Emissions Project Emissions Baseline = Emissions Gen Heat and Power + Emissions Electricity Usage Emissions Project = Emissions Gen Heat and Power + Emissions Electricity Usage Where the following SSRs have been quantified as applicable to the project: Emissions Baseline = sum of the emissions under the baseline condition. Emissions Gen Heat and Power = emissions under SS B4 Generation of Heat and Power Emissions Electricity Usage= emissions under SS B10 Electricity Usage Emissions Project =sum of the emissions under the project condition. Emissions Gen Heat and Power= emissions under SS P4 Generation of Heat and Power Emissions Electricity Usage= emissions under SS P10 Electricity Usage The following SSRs were not applicable to this project and as such were not quantified: Emissions Fuel Extraction / Processing = emissions under SS P1/B1 Fuel Extraction and Processing Emissions Transfer / Conversion = emissions under SS P5/B5 Heat Transfer or Power Conversion Emissions Unit Operation = emissions under SS P6c/B6c Unit Operation: Mechanical Processes Emissions Electricity Generation = emissions under SS P8/B8 Electricity Generation For justifications of exclusion from quantification see Table 8. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 29

35 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Table 9: Quantification Procedures 1. Project/ Baseline SS Project SS s P10 Electricity Usage P4 Generation of Heat and Power 2. Parameter / Variable 3. Unit 4. Measured / Estimated Emissions Electricity Usage = (Elec.Usage. * EF Elec.) 5. Method 6. Frequency Emissions Electricity Usage t CO2e N/A N/A N/A Electricity Consumption/ Elec. Con. Emissions Factor for Electricity Consumption / EF Elec. Con. kwh Measured Direct metering t CO2e per kwh, or MWh Estimated From Environment Canada reference documents. Continuous metering that is collected once a month in the form of a monthly utility bill Annual 7. Justify measurement or estimation and frequency Quantity being calculated separately as natural gas and electricity consumption data are collected separately for the buildings Provides reasonable estimate of the parameter, in accordance with the protocol Reference values adjusted annually as part of Environment Canada reporting on Canada's emissions inventory. Emissions Gen Heat and Power= (Vol. NG * EF NG CO2); (Vol. NG * EF NG CH4* 25); (Vol. NG * EF NG N20* 298) Continuous metering that is Volume of Natural L, m 3 collected once a Provides reasonable estimate of the or Measured Direct metering month in the parameter, in accordance with the Gas / Vol NG other form of a protocol monthly utility bill CO2 Emissions Factor for Natural Gas Combustion / EF NG CO2 CH4 Emissions Factor for Natural Gas Combustion / EF NG CH4 Kg CO2 per L, m 3 or other kg CH4 per L, m 3 or other Estimated Estimated From Environment Canada reference documents. From Environment Canada reference documents. Annual Annual Reference values adjusted annually as part of Environment Canada reporting on Canada's emissions inventory. Reference values adjusted annually as part of Environment Canada reporting on Canada's emissions inventory. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 30

36 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1. Project/ Baseline SS Baseline SS s 2. Parameter / Variable N20 Emissions Factor for Natural Gas Combustion/ EF NG N2O 3. Unit kg N2O per L, m 3 or other 4. Measured / Estimated Estimated Emissions Electricity Usage = (Elec.Usage. * EF Elec.) 5. Method 6. Frequency From Environment Canada reference documents. Emissions Electricity Usage t CO2e N/A N/A N/A Annual 7. Justify measurement or estimation and frequency Reference values adjusted annually as part of Environment Canada reporting on Canada's emissions inventory. Quantity being calculated separately as natural gas and electricity consumption data are collected separately for the buildings B10 Electricity Usage Electricity Consumption/ Elec. Con. kwh Measured Meter readings from baseline year are compared with project electricity meter readings N/A Historical baseline electricity consumption data is the most accurate and conservative method for determining greenhouse gas reductions due to the project B4 Generation of Heat and Power Emissions Factor for Electricity Consumption / EF Elec. Con. t CO2e per kwh, or MWh Estimated From Environment Canada reference documents. Annual Emissions Gen Heat and Power= (Vol. NG * EF NG CO2); (Vol. NG * EF NG CH4* 25); (Vol. NG * EF NG N20* 298) Volume of natural gas / Vol NG CO2 Emissions Factor for NG / EF NG CO2 CH4 Emissions Factor for NG / EF NG CH4 L, m 3 or other kg CO2 per L, m 3 or other kg CH4 per L, m 3 or other Measured Estimated Estimated Meter readings from baseline year are compared with project natural gas meter readings From Environment Canada reference documents. From Environment Canada reference documents. N/A Annual Annual Reference values adjusted annually as part of Environment Canada reporting on Canada's emissions inventory. Historical baseline natural gas consumption data is the most accurate and conservative method for determining greenhouse gas reductions due to the project. This value is adjusted to take into account outdoor temperature variations. Reference values adjusted annually as part of Environment Canada reporting on Canada's emissions inventory. Reference values adjusted annually as part of Environment Canada reporting on Canada's emissions inventory. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 31

37 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 1. Project/ Baseline SS 2. Parameter / Variable N2O Emissions Factor for NG / EF NG N2O 3. Unit kg N2O per L, m 3 or other 4. Measured / Estimated Estimated 5. Method 6. Frequency From Environment Canada reference documents. Annual 7. Justify measurement or estimation and frequency Reference values adjusted annually as part of Environment Canada reporting on Canada's emissions inventory. Table 10: Emission Factors for Natural Gas Combustion and Electricity Consumption (Ontario) Natural Gas 5 Emissions Factor (CO 2) (2014) (-) kg CO 2 per m 3 Emissions Factor (CH 4) kg CH 4 per m 3 Emissions Factor (N 2O) kg N 2O per m Electricity 6 On-Peak Emission Factor kg CO 2e per kwh Off-Peak Emission Factor kg CO 2e per kwh Electricity On-Peak Emission Factor kg CO 2e per kwh Off-Peak Emission Factor kg CO 2e per kwh Electricity On-Peak Emission Factor kg CO 2e per kwh Off-Peak Emission Factor kg CO 2e per kwh 5 Values for Natural Gas Combustion and Electricity Consumption Emission Factors are taken from the National Inventory Report (2014--), Part 2, Annex 6-8, Tables A6-1,A6-2, A8-1 and A8-2 pages and , (Environment Canada, ) 6 Emission factors for electricity represent the On-Peak (marginal) and Off-Peak carbon dioxide emission rate for the Ontario IESO electricity market. Hourly generation data from each electricity generating station attached to the Ontario grid was analyzed for 2014, and. The contribution of generation from each fuel source during the peak times were averaged over the year to arrive at emission factors for electricity generated in the margin between peak and baseload times and for off-peak times. Appendix C provides more detail on the calculation approach for the electricity emission factors. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 32

38 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 6 Data Quantification and Adjustments 6.1 Year Since the project start date is January 1, 2002, all retrofits must occur after this date. The TDSB GHG Calendar contains all schools owned by TDSB and must first be filtered to contain only those schools having undergone a retrofit after the project start date. The schools were filtered based on the following criteria: 1. A list of 258 schools were identified to have lighting and retrofits performed before Additionally, between 2013 and there were 76 schools with retrofits performed and 309 schools with roofing retrofits (136 of the roofing retrofit schools are part of the initial 258 schools identified). 2. retrofits were filtered based upon the indication of a lighting program code. As the code indicates the budget year, and NOT the project completion, all sites with a retrofit indication were included in the quantification. - i.e. Code 01E indicates a budgetary year of The actual project completion is at a later date retrofits were also filtered by completion date in order to exclude those retrofits that occurred after January 1, 2003 and up to ten years prior to the vintage year (e.g. ten years prior to vintage would be December 31, 2006). This is based on the standard 10-year life expectancy of a lighting ballast and due to the reduced availability of T12 lighting since Building automation system retrofits were filtered to remove the code Ex and Y2K - Ex indicates the were pre-existing systems not attributed to any energy programs; - Y2K indicates the Year 2000 Upgrade Program : upgrades to prevent the Y2K Millennium Bug. 6.2 HDD Adjustment Using historical weather data 8 and a base temperature of 18 o C, a heating degree day 9 correction was made to normalize natural gas consumption with weather data allowing for a like-for-like comparison between the baseline and project years. Refer to Appendix B for a sample calculation for correcting gas consumption for Heating Degree Days. Linear regression analysis is a commonly used technique for HDD corrections. Under this method of analysis, it is assumed that the natural gas consumption of a heated building is proportional to the number of heating degree days over that period. To weather-normalize the data, a year s worth of monthly degree 7 RE: TDSB Energy Efficiency Offset Project Data Request. Maurice Buonastella sent on: 02/07/ Environment Canada (), 9 Heating degree days (HDD) can be used to normalize the energy consumption of buildings with central heating. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 33

39 Gas Consumption (m3) TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th days (x-axis) are plotted against monthly natural gas consumption (m 3 ) (y-axis). The "regression line" is the line of best fit through the points in the scatter chart. For each school, multiplying the number of monthly HDDs in the project year (i.e HDDs for January 2014) by the slope of the regression line for the 2001 baseline and adding the y-intercept from the 2001 baseline gives the corrected volume of baseline gas consumed for that month. Figure 5 below gives an example of the 2001 baseline regression line used to correct baseline gas consumption at Lord Dufferin Jr. and Sr. Public School. The regression line used in the analysis had an R 2 value very close to 1.0 indicating that there was generally a very good correlation between weather and energy consumption data. Figure 5: Linear regression Analysis for Lord Dufferin Jr. & Sr. Public School in Baseline Year ,000 30,000 25,000 y = x R² = ,000 15,000 10,000 5, , Heating Degree Days 6.3 Adjustments for Area Changes in total floor space could be corrected by normalizing energy savings on a per unit area basis. However, since electricity consumption is only metered in aggregate for each facility, it is not possible to disaggregate the portion of the electricity usage that is consumed by portables. Therefore, increasing floor space was accounted for in a conservative way by assuming a constant floor space at each TDSB facility, despite the addition of portable units at various schools. This approach is conservative as there were portables added since 2001 (the baseline year). Given that floor space has increased over the project crediting period, greater electricity savings per square meter of floor space have actually been achieved than have been quantified under this GHG reduction project as the incremental electricity consumption from the portables was included in the project condition, but not the baseline condition. This approach is consistent with the Simple s approach under the Draft Guide on Alberta Environment s GHG Quantification Protocol for Energy Efficiency Projects 10. The Simple s 10 Alberta Environment (2010) Draft Guide on Alberta s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Protocol for Energy Efficiency Projects, Climate Change Central Guidance Document Workshops, Edmonton Alberta, March 30, Prepared by Blue Source Canada 34

40 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th approach is based on IPMVP guidance (i.e. Whole Facility Reporting Option C) and is used when availability of data is limited. This yields a more conservative quantity of GHG emission reductions than if more accurate and detailed monitoring had been done. Functional Equivalence - The baseline scenario and project deliver the same type and level of product or service (i.e. they are functionally equivalent). The /mechanical, lighting and roofing retrofits that occurred under the project scenario did not cause the facilities to function in a different manner. In the case of this energy efficiency retrofit project, there are three areas to consider when evaluating functional equivalence: levels Luminary specifications for the TDSB are established for various room types. The TDSB s specifications are based on the Ministry of Education s Recommended Illuminances. The light levels are target values with some variations expected, however the luminary specifications are the same in both the project and baseline condition. Energy savings do not stem from decreased luminary output in the project condition; Fresh air requirements Fresh air requirements were not altered in the project condition such that energy savings resulted from decreasing the quantity of fresh air entering the school facilities. If the space CO 2 concentration increases above the desired set point, the outdoor air damper is modulated as required to increase the quantity of fresh air delivered to the space; Temperature guidelines Unique TDSB temperature guidelines exist for various room types within a facility. For example, the temperature for a gymnasium is cooler than for a classroom or an office. The TDSB temperature guidelines remained unchanged in the post-retrofit condition. Energy savings do not stem from decreasing temperature during facility operating hours in the project condition. 6.4 Adjustment for the Toronto Hydro-Electric System Limited s Conservation and Demand Side Management Program The TDSB energy efficiency project included funding for lighting retrofits from the Toronto Hydro-Electric System Limited s (THESL) Conservation and Demand Side Management (CDM) Program. As the environmental reductions achieved from this program are not solely attributed to TDSB, the emission reductions realized from this funding must be discounted from the total assertion. 31 schools between 2005 and 2006 were retrofitted with T8 lighting. Furthermore, in the TDSB applied for Toronto Hydro incentives for an additional 16 schools. To determine the portion of energy savings during the period 1-January-2014 to 30-June- attributed to this program, first the list of 31 schools (found in Table 24 & Table 25 of Appendix D) must be compared with the final list of schools included in the lighting retrofit program in Appendix A. This comparison was made for all three vintage years For the vintage year the additional 16 schools were added to the list for a total of 47 schools. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 35

41 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th The table below summarizes the number of schools involved in THESL s CDM program that were included in each vintage year and the associated energy savings. The total emissions savings from the program declined from as the number of schools involved reduced from 27 to 13 and the grid intensity factor dropped as the Ontario government phased out coal generated electricity. Table 11: Annual Energy Savings and GHG Emission Reductions from Toronto Hydro Funded Projects Year Total Number Total Energy Emission Factor Total Emission of Savings for Electricity Reductions Schools (kwh) (t CO 2e /kwh) (t CO 2e) Involved ,370, ,230, ,104, ,315, The emission reduction breakdown is as follows: Table 12: Total GHG Emission Reductions from TDSB Energy Efficient s Discounting Emission Reductions from Toronto Hydro Funded Projects* Natural Gas Electricity Total Year CO 2 CH 4 N 2O (t CO 2e) (t CO 2e) (t CO 2e) (t CO 2e) (t CO 2e) Emission Reductions Before Toronto Hydro Discount 13, ,240 16, Toronto Hydro Discount ,750 Emission Reductions After Toronto Hydro Discount 13, ,524 15,750 Emission Reductions Before Toronto Hydro Discount 15, ,961 18,196 Toronto Hydro Discount ,600 Emission Reductions After Toronto Hydro Discount 15, ,365 17,600 Emission Reductions Before Toronto Hydro Discount 11, ,064 13,084 Toronto Hydro Discount ,764 Emission Reductions After Toronto Hydro Discount 11, ,764 *Totals may not add exactly due to rounding 6.5 Sample Calculations Sample calculations will be presented for the project year 2014 for Lord Dufferin Jr. and Sr. Public School. This corresponds to the linear regression plot presented in Figure 5 which corrects gas consumption for Prepared by Blue Source Canada 36

42 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th weather between the project and baseline years. The year baseline emissions are calculated is Building energy consumption in the TDSB buildings is made up from a combination of electricity and natural gas consumption. Therefore, the total energy consumed in baseline scenario is the sum of annual electricity usage and annual natural gas consumed in The calculation of GHG emissions for the baseline year is as follows: Emissions Baseline = Emissions Gen Heat and Power + Emissions Electricity Usage Emissions Electricity Usage = Quantity of Electricity consumed during On-Peak hours (kwh) x GHG marginal grid emission factor for electricity in Ontario (kg CO 2e / kwh) + Quantity of Electricity consumed during Off-Peak hours (kwh) x GHG Off-Peak emission factor for electricity in Ontario (kg CO 2e / kwh) = 366,993 kwh x (kg CO 2e / kwh) / 1000 kg/tonne + 666,909 kwh x (kg CO 2e / kwh) / 1000 kg/tonne = tonnes CO 2e Gas consumption at the school is highly dependent upon the weather. To compare the gas consumption from the 2014 project year to the 2001 baseline year, the monthly baseline data is normalized with respect to Heating Degree Days (HDD). The corrected baseline gas consumption is then the slope of the linear regression line (shown in Figure 5 for Lord Dufferin Jr & Sr PS) multiplied by the HDD for each of the 2014 months. The sample calculation for October as a heating month is as follows: Weather Adjusted Gas Consumption Baseline_October = HDD project_october * Slope of Baseline Year Linear Regression + y-intercept of Baseline Year Linear Regression Weather Adjusted Gas Consumption Baseline_October = HDD * m 3 /HDD = 8,527.3 m 3 The previous equation is used for each month and the total adjusted gas consumption for the baseline year is found by summing each of the adjusted months. Weather Adjusted Gas Consumption Baseline Year = [HDD Project * Slope of Baseline Year Linear Regression + y-intercept of Baseline Year Linear Regression] So for Lord Dufferin Jr & Sr PS, the total adjusted baseline gas consumption for the vintage 2014 calculation is: Weather Adjusted Gas Consumption Baseline Year = 159,591 m 3 Prepared by Blue Source Canada 37

43 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Emissions Gen Heat and Power = Quantity of natural gas consumed in the baseline scenario (m 3 ) x emission factors for CO 2, CH 4 and N 2O for combustion of natural gas (tonnes/m 3 ) x GWP of CH 4 and N 20 = (Vol. NG * EF NG CO2); (Vol. NG * EF NG CH4*25) ;( Vol. NG * EF NG N20*298) = (159,591 m 3 * CO2); (159,591 m 3 * CH4*25); (159,591 m 3 * N20*298) = tonnes CO 2e Emissions Baseline = Electricity Usage (tonnes CO 2e) + Natural Gas Consumption (tonnes CO 2e) = tonnes CO 2e = tonnes of CO 2e Emissions Project = Emissions Gen Heat and Power + Emissions Electricity Usage The year for which the project emissions are being calculated is Building energy consumption in the TDSB buildings is made up from a combination of electricity and natural gas consumption. Therefore, the total project energy consumption is the sum of annual electricity consumed and annual natural gas consumed in For Lord Dufferin Jr. and Sr. PS the calculation of GHG emissions for the project year of 2014 is as follows: Emissions Electricity Usage = Quantity of Electricity consumed during On-Peak hours in the project scenario (kwh) x GHG marginal grid emission factor for electricity in Ontario (kg CO 2e / kwh) + Quantity of Electricity consumed during Off-Peak hours (kwh) x GHG Off-Peak emission factor for electricity in Ontario (kg CO 2e / kwh) = 269,802 kwh x (kg CO 2e / kwh) / 1000 kg/tonne + 490,291 kwh x (kg CO 2e / kwh) / 1000 kg/tonne = tonnes CO 2e Emissions Gen Heat and Power = Quantity of natural gas consumed in the project scenario (m 3 ) x emission factors for CO 2, CH 4 and N 2O for combustion of natural gas (tonnes/m 3 ) x GWP of CH 4 and N 20 = (Vol. NG * EF NG CO2); (Vol. NG * EF NG CH4*25); (Vol. NG * EF NG N20*298 = (76,643 m 3 * CO2); (76,643 m 3 * CH4 * 25); (76,643 m 3 * N2O * 298) = tonnes CO 2e Emissions Project = Electricity Usage (tonnes CO 2e) + Natural Gas Consumption (tonnes CO 2e) = tonnes CO 2e = tonnes of CO 2e Prepared by Blue Source Canada 38

44 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Emission Reduction = Emissions Baseline Emissions Project Emission Reduction= tonnes CO 2e tonnes CO 2e = tonnes CO 2e 6.6 Data Sources Using a projected baseline quantification approach, the following data sources required for the calculation methodology outlined in the Protocol: Quantity of Electricity and Natural Gas Consumed: The quantity of electricity and natural gas consumed are quantified using m 3 of natural gas and kwh of electricity that are both metered directly in the project and baseline. The metered natural gas and electricity consumption is based on electric utility bills and the gas consumption is corrected for variations in outdoor ambient temperature. In addition, hourly CEMS data from a sample of 52 schools were used to determine the typical percentage of off-peak and on-peak electricity consumption. Representative samples of schools were selected based on the type of school (i.e. Elementary, Secondary and Other) and an average on-peak and off-peak consumption percentage was calculated. These averages were then applied to all included schools within each category. Heating Degree Days: The HDD for each month for the vintage years for Toronto are taken from the Government of Canada Weather Office online database at: GHG Assertion The following figure illustrates the GHG emission reductions from January 1, 2002 up to the vintage year (only 6-months were quantified for in this reporting period). The trend of reductions achieved generally increases during the first six years of program operation as more schools are being retrofit. The trend levels off after 2008 as fewer schools are added each year. The drop in emission reductions observed from 2010 to 2012 is due to the reduced marginal grid intensity factor. The significant drop in emission reductions in 2013 is due to the change in the lighting baseline from T12 to T8 and the application of two separate grid emission factors for on-peak and off-peak electricity consumption. For the years there were more retrofits added to the project including /mechanical and roofing retrofits, however, this was counter-balanced with a declining grid intensity factor. The overall result for the years was a slight increase in reductions from the previous 2013 year. The reductions account for only the first six months of the year explaining the sudden drop in reductions from to. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 39

45 Emission Reductions, t CO2e TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5, Year Figure 6: GHG assertion over time 7 Data Management, Monitoring and Control 7.1 Quantification and Monitoring Table 13, below, provides a summary for the data quality management procedures for the TDSB energy efficiency project. The data sources for energy usage are each facility s monthly natural gas and electricity utility bills. This data is managed at a central location by the TDSB s Utility Administration. The use of utility data is considered under the Quantification Protocol for Energy Efficiency Projects, (Version 1, September 2007) to be accurate in the determination of savings as this data defines payment made for the consumption of energy according to utility meters that meet Measurement Canada requirements. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 40

46 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th Table 13: Data Monitoring and Collection SSR B10 Electricity Usage B4 Generation of Heat and Power P10 Electricity Usage Data parameter KWh of electricity consumed Volume of natural gas consumed kwh of electricity consumed Estimation, modeling, measurement or calculation approaches Measured directly by utility meters and data reconciled from utility invoices Measured directly by utility meters and data reconciled from utility invoices Measured directly by utility meters and data reconciled from utility invoices Data Recording (electronic or paper) Electronic and hard copy Electronic and hard copy Electronic and hard copy Data unit kwh m 3 kwh Sources/ Origin Utility invoices Utility invoices Utility invoices Monitoring frequency Continuous monitoring, monthly reporting Continuous monitoring, monthly reporting Continuous monitoring, monthly reporting Description and justification of monitoring method This is the most accurate method of measuring this parameter. This is the most accurate method of measuring this parameter. This is the most accurate method of measuring this parameter. Uncertainty Uncertainty is low as utility meters are maintained according to Measurement Canada requirements. Uncertainty is low as utility meters are maintained according to Measurement Canada requirements. Uncertainty is low as utility meters are maintained according to Measurement Canada requirements. Other details Conservatively estimated as electricity consumption is assumed to be static in the baseline. Natural gas consumption is adjusted for HDDs. Incremental electricity consumption due to installation of new loads in the project condition is accounted for in measurements, Prepared by Blue Source Canada 41

47 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th P4 Generation of Heat and Power Volume of natural gas consumed Measured directly by utility meters and data reconciled from utility invoices Electronic and hard copy m 3 Utility invoices Continuous monitoring, monthly reporting This is the most accurate method of measuring this parameter. Uncertainty is low as utility meters are maintained according to Measurement Canada requirements. which is conservative. Natural gas consumption is adjusted for HDDs. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 42

48 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 7.2 QA/QC Procedures Recorded energy data is based on invoice information which is entered to TDSB s password protected online database accessible only at TDSB s utilities offices. The invoice information is entered by utility data clerks and two energy data analyst audit the data. Any anomalies in the energy data detected by the energy data analysts are investigated and corrected with updated data accordingly. A Data Flow Chart has been included below as Figure 7 to illustrate the flow of information within TDSB and to Blue Source. Figure 7: Data flow from Suppliers to TDSB and to Blue Source Document Contolled by Third Parties Natural Gas Invoices Electricity Invoices Weather Information Emission Coefficients Documents Controlled by TDSB TDSB Utility Administration (central location) Documents Controlled by Blue Source TDSB's Electricity and Gas Consumption Spreadsheets TDSB Offset Calculator Spreadsheets 7.3 Data Management and QA/QC at Blue Source Internal Calculator QA/QC There is a number of QA/QC checks built into this year s GHG quantification calculator: 1. Automatic School Identification by Code: After manual removal of schools not identified as one of the retrofitted schools, TDSB schools are automatically filtered by and LTG code and roofing date specifications and listed as Included or Excluded with a brief descriptor; 2. Automatic Filtration of unwanted data: The calculator automatically checks whether gas or electricity usage in the project condition is higher than that witnessed in the 2001 baseline year. It also removes schools with no baseline or project year data, or missing values (identified as zeros) vs List of Included Schools: Finally, a baseline check is performed. This compares the list of schools included in the and LTG retrofits from the 2013 quantification year, to those included in the years. This comparison identified slight name changes, school closures, sales or leases and commented on any other reasons for the differences Blue Source Standards Blue Source Canada holds itself to the highest professional and ethical standards. Staff all has experience in working on GHG projects and/or training in the use of ISO Junior staff members are mentored closely until their level of competence is deemed sufficient for them to work more independently. This Prepared by Blue Source Canada 43

49 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th experience and training helps to ensure that errors and omissions are minimized and that project documentation is compiled in accordance with the principles of relevance, completeness, consistency, accuracy, transparency and conservativeness. Blue Source Canada operates a rigorous internal QA/QC process that is built around the principle of senior review (i.e. calculations and reports are checked by experienced staff members prior to being released). The quantification calculator, for example, will be checked for: Transcription errors/omissions Correctly functioning links/formulas in spreadsheets Correct and transparent referencing of data sources Justification of assumptions Use of, and compliance with, most up-to-date versions of protocols, technical guidance, etc. In addition, the Project Report is also senior-reviewed for errors, omissions, clarity, etc. Any issues with any of the project documentation including the calculator are recorded using Blue Source s in-house QA/QC tracking sheet and, as necessary, comments are embedded into the reviewed version of the documents and/or calculator. These must then be corrected before any documents are sent to the third-party verifier. Staff sign an Attestation of Quality Assurance and Quality Control to document that the QA/QC process was followed. 7.4 Record keeping practices Record keeping practices for the project consist of: Electronic recording of values of logged primary parameters for each measurement interval; Printing of monthly back-up hard copies of all logged data; Written logs of operations and maintenance of the project system including notation of all shutdowns, start-ups and process adjustments; Retention of copies of logs and all logged data for a period of 7 years; and Keeping all records available for review by a verification body Back-up Procedures at Blue Source Electronic data is backed up by Blue Source s IT service provider, calitso.com. A copy of this back-up procedure is provided in Appendix E Document Retention Policy at Blue Source Blue Source operates a documentation retention policy, which all staff must abide by as a condition of their employment. A copy of this document retention policy is provided as Appendix F. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 44

50 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 8 Reporting and Verification Details This report has been prepared in accordance with ISO The verifier, Stantec Inc., is an independent third-party. Contact details for the verifier have been included in Section 3.11 of this report. An acceptable verification standard (e.g. ISO ) has been used and the verifier was vetted to ensure technical competence with this project type. The verifier was engaged to provide a reasonable level of assurance. Prepared by Blue Source Canada 45

51 TDSB Energy Efficiency Project FINAL Report, v3.0 December 6 th 9 Statement of Peer Review This offset project report was prepared by Tooraj Moulai, Senior Engineer, Blue Source Canada and peer reviewed by Aleena Dewji, Senior Carbon Analyst, Blue Source Canada. Although care has been taken in preparing this document, it cannot be guaranteed to be free of errors or omissions. Prepared by: Peer reviewed by: Tooraj Moulai Aleena Dewji 06/12/ 06/12/ Prepared by Blue Source Canada 46

52 Appendix A List of Schools Included in the Vintage Years Quantification 47

53 Table 14: List of TDSB Schools that have undergone a retrofit and are included in the Quantification School Roofing A.Y. Jackson Secondary School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Adam Beck Junior Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Agincourt CI No No No No No No Yes No Agnes Macphail PS No No No No No No Yes No Albert Campbell CI No No No No No No No No Alexander Muir/Gladstone / The Grove CS No No No No No No No No Alexander Stirling PS No No No No No No No No Alexmuir Junior Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Allenby Junior Public School No No No No No No No No Alliance Centre No No No No No Yes No No Ancaster Public School No No No No No No Yes No Anson Park Public School No No No No No No Yes No Avondale Secondary Alternative School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Banting & Best Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Baycrest Public School No No No No No No No No Bayview MS/Avondale PS/Avondale Elem Alt Roofing No No No No No No No No Beaumonde Heights Junior MS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Bendale Bus & Tech Institute No No No No No No Yes No Bennington Heights ES No No No Yes No No Yes No Bessborough Drive ES No Yes No No No No No No Beverley Heights Middle School No No No No No No No No 48

54 School Roofing Beverley R PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Birch Cliff Public School No No No No No No Yes No Birchmount Park CI No No No No No No No No Blacksmith Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Blake Street Junior PS No No No No No Yes No No Bloor Collegiate Institute No No No No No No No No Bloordale MS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Bloorlea Middle School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Blythwood Junior Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Bowmore Road Jr & Sr PS No No No No No No Yes No Braeburn Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Brian Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Briarcrest Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Brimwood Boulevard Jr. PS No No No Yes No No Yes No Broadacres Junior School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Broadlands Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Brock Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Brockton Learning Centre / C&S Area B No No No No No No No No Brookhaven Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Brookside PS No No No No No No No No Brookview Middle School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Burnhamthorpe CI No No No No No No No No C.W. Jefferys CI No No No No No No Yes No Calico Public School No No No No No No No No Cameron Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Roofing 49

55 School Roofing Carleton Village J&S Sports & Wellness No No No No No No No No Cedarbrae Collegiate Institute No No No No No No Yes No Cedarbrook Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Cedarvale Community School No No No No No No No No Centennial Road Jr. PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Central Commerce CI No No No No No No No No Central Etobicoke High School No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Central Technical School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Central Toronto Academy No No No No No No No No Chalkfarm Public School No No No No No No No No Charles E Webster Public School No No No No No No No No Charles G Fraser Jr PS (West End Creche) Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Charles H Best MS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Charlottetown Jr. PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Chartland Jr PS / Delphi Secondary Alt S Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Cherokee Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Chester Elementary School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Chief Dan George Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Chine Drive Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Church Street Jr PS/Native Learning Ctr No Yes No Yes No No No No Churchill Public School No No No No No No No No City Adult Learning Centre No No No No No No No No Claireville Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Clairlea Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Clinton Street Junior PS No No No No No No No No Roofing 50

56 School Roofing Contact Alternative School Yes No No No No No No No Cordella Junior PS No No No No No No No No Cornell Jr. Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Corvette Jr PS No No No No No No No No Crescent Town ES No No No No No No No No Cresthaven Public School Yes No No No No No No No Cummer LINC No No No No No No No No Cummer Valley Middle School No No No No No No No No Dallington Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Danforth C. & Tech. Institute No No No No No No No No Danforth Gardens Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No David & Mary Thomson CI No Yes No Yes No No Yes No David Hornell Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No David Lewis Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Daystrom Public School No No No No No No No No Deer Park Jr. & Sr. PS No No No No No No No No Denlow Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Derrydown Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Dewson Street Junior PS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Diefenbaker Elementary School No No No No No No No No Dixon Grove Junior MS No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Don Mills Collegiate Institute No No No No No No Yes No Donview Middle Health & Wellness Acad. No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Donwood Park Jr. Public S. No No No No No No Yes No Downsview Public School Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Roofing 51

57 School Roofing Downtown Alternative Sch. Jr. Yes No Yes No No No No No Dr Marion Hilliard Sr PS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Dr. Norman Bethune CI Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Drewry SS No No No No No No Yes No Driftwood Public School No No No No No No No No Dublin Heights E & MS No No No No No No No No Duke Of Connaught Jr & Sr PS No No No No No No No No Dundas JPS / First Nations Jr & Sr No No No No No No No No Dunlace Public School No No No No No No No No Earl Grey Senior Public School No No No No No No No No Earl Haig Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Earl Haig Secondary School No No No No No No Yes No East York Alternative SS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No East York Collegiate Institute No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Eastern Ave Centre Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Eastview Public School No No No No No No Yes No Eatonville Junior School No No No Yes No No Yes No Elia Middle School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Elizabeth Simcoe Jr. PS No No No No No No Yes No Elkhorn Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Ellesmere-Statton PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Elmbank JR-MS Academy Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Elmlea Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Emily Carr Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Ernest Public School No Yes No Yes No No No No Roofing 52

58 School Roofing Essex Jr. & Sr. PS Yes No Yes No No No No No Étienne Brûlé Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Etobicoke Collegiate Institute No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Etobicoke School of the Arts No No No No No No Yes No Fairbank Public School No No No No No No No No Fairglen Jr. Public School No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Fairmeadow Centre Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Fairmount Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Fenside Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Fern Avenue Jr. & Sr. PS No No No No No No Yes No Finch Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Firgrove Public School No No No No No No Yes No Fisherville Sr PS//NW Year Round Alt Ctr No No No No No No Yes No Fleming Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Forest Hill CI No No No No No No No No Forest Hill Jr. & Sr. PS No No No No No No No No Forest Manor Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Forest Valley Outdoor Ed. Ctr Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Frank Oke Secondary School No No No No No No Yes No Frankland Community Junior PS No No No No No No No No Galloway Road Public School No No No No No No No No Garden Avenue Junior PS No No No Yes No No Yes No Gateway Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No General Crerar Public School No No No No No No Yes No General Mercer Jr. PS No No No No No No No No Roofing 53

59 School Roofing George Anderson Public School No No No No No No No No George B. Little Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No George Peck Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No George R. Gauld Junior School No No No No No No No No George S. Henry Academy Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No George Syme Community School No No No Yes No No Yes No George Webster ES Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes No Georges Vanier SS No No No No No No No No Glamorgan Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Glen Ames Sr PS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Gordon A. Brown Middle School No No No Yes No No Yes No Gracedale Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Greenholme JR-MS No No No No No No Yes No Greenland Public School No No No No No No Yes No Greenwood Secondary School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Grenoble Public School No No No No No No Yes No Grey Owl Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Guildwood Jr PS No No No No No No Yes No H A Halbert Jr PS No No No No No No Yes No Haney Centre No No No No No No No No Harbord Collegiate Institute No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Harrison Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Heather Heights JPS/Ben HeppnerVMAcademy Roofing No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Henry Hudson Sr. Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No 54

60 School Roofing Henry Kelsey Sr. Public School No No No No No No Yes No Heritage Park Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Heydon Park SS (New) No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Highbrook Learning Centre Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Highcastle Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Highfield Junior School Yes No No No No No No No Highland Creek Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Highland Heights Jr. PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Highland Middle School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Highview Public School Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No Hillcrest Jr. PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Hillmount Public School No No No Yes No No No No Hillside Outdoor Education Ctr No No No No No No No No Hilltop Middle School No No No No No No No No Hodgson Sr. PS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Hollywood Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Humber Summit Middle School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Humbercrest Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Humberside CI No No No No No No No No Humewood Community School No No No No No No Yes No Hunter's Glen Jr. Public S. No No No Yes No No Yes No Huron Street Junior PS Yes No Yes No No No No No Indian Road Crescent Jr. PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Inglenook Community HS Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Inglewood Heights Jr PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Roofing 55

61 School Roofing J.B. Tyrrell Sr. Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No J.G. Workman Public School No No No No No No No No J.R. Wilcox Community School No No No No No No No No Jack Miner Sr. Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Jackman Avenue Junior PS Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Jarvis Collegiate Institute No No No No No No No No Jesse Ketchum Jr. & Sr. PS No No No No No No No No John D. Parker Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No John English JMS Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No John G. Althouse MS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No John G. Diefenbaker PS No No No No No No No No John McCrae Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No John Ross Robertson Jr. PS No No No No No No No No John Wanless Junior PS Yes No Yes No No No No No Joseph Howe Senior PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Joyce Public School No No No No No No Yes No Karen Kain School of the Arts No No No No No No No No Keele Street PS No No No No No No No No Kennedy Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Kensington Community Sch. Jr. No No No No No No No No Kenton Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No King Edward Jr. & Sr. PS No No No No No No No No Kingslake Public School No No No No No No No No Kingsview Village JS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Kipling Collegiate Institute No No No No No No No No Roofing 56

62 School Roofing Knob Hill Public School No No No No No No Yes No Lakeshore Collegiate Institute No No No No No No Yes No Lamberton Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Lambton Kingsway JR MS Yes No Yes No No No No No L'Amoreaux CI No No No No No No Yes No Lanor Junior Middle School No No No Yes No No Yes No Lawrence Park CI No No No No No No No No Leaside High School No No No No No No Yes No Ledbury Park E & MS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Lescon Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Leslieville Junior PS No No No No No No No No Lester B. Pearson CI Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Lester B. Pearson PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Lillian Public School No No No No No No No No Lord Dufferin Jr. & Sr. PS Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes No Lord Roberts Junior PS No No No Yes No No Yes No Lucy Maud Montgomery PS No No No No No No Yes No Lynngate Junior Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Lynnwood Heights Junior PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Macklin Public School No No No No No No No No Malvern Collegiate Institute No No No No No No No No Malvern Junior Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Maple Leaf Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Maplewood High School Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Market Lane Jr. & Sr. PS Yes No Yes No No No No No Roofing 57

63 School Roofing Martingrove CI No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Mary Shadd Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Maryvale Public School No No No No No No Yes No Mason Road Junior PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Maurice Cody Jr. Public School No Yes No Yes No No No No McCulloch Centre Yes No Yes No No No No No McGriskin Centre Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No McKee Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No McMurrich Junior Public School No No No No No No No No Meadowvale Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Milliken Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Millwood Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Mimico Adult Centre Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Monarch Park Collegiate Inst. No No No No No No No No Montrose Junior Public School Yes No No No No No No No Morrish Public School No No No No No No Yes No Morse Junior Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Muirhead Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Nelson A. Boylen CI Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Nelson Mandela Park P.S No No No No No No No No Newtonbrook Secondary School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Norman Cook Junior PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Norman Ingram Public School No No No No No No No No Norseman Junior Middle School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No North Agincourt Junior PS No No No No No No Yes No Roofing 58

64 School Roofing North Kipling Junior MS No No No No No No No No Northern Secondary School No No No No No No Yes Yes Northview Heights SS No No No No No No Yes No Oak Park Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Oakburn Centre No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Oakdale Park Middle School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Oakwood Collegiate Institute No No No Yes No No Yes No Ogden Junior Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Old Orchard Jr. PS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Orde Street Public School No No No No No No No No Oriole Park Junior PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Ossington/Old Orchard Jr. PS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Owen Public School Yes No No No No No No No Palmerston Junior PS No No No No No No No No Park Lane Public School No No No No No No Yes No Park Lawn Junior MS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Parkdale Collegiate Institute No No No No No No No No Parkfield Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Parkside Elementary School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Pauline Junior Public School No No No No No No No No Peckham Centre No No No No No No No No Pelmo Park Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Percy Williams Junior PS No No No No No No No No Perth Avenue Junior PS No No No No No No No No Pierre Laporte Middle School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Roofing 59

65 School Roofing Pineway Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Pleasant Public School No No No No No No No No Poplar Road Junior PS No No No Yes No No Yes No Port Royal PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Princess Margaret Junior PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Queen Alexandra Senior PS No No No No No No No No R.H. King Academy No No No Yes No No Yes No R.J. Lang Elementary E. & M.S. Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Regal Road Junior PS Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No No Rene Gordon Health & Wellness Academy No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Richview Collegiate Institute Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Rivercrest Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Riverdale Collegiate Institute No Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Robert Service Senior PS No No No No No No No No Rockford Public School No No No No No No No No Roden PS / Equinox Holistic Alt School No No No No No No Yes No Rolph Road ES No No No No No No No No Rose Avenue Jr. Public School Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Rosedale Hts Sch of the Arts No No No No No No No No Rosedale Jr. Public School No No No No No No No No Rosethorn Junior School Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Rouge Valley Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Roywood Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Runnymede Collegiate Institute No No No Yes No No Yes No Runnymede Jr. & Sr. PS Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Roofing 60

66 School Roofing Samuel Hearne Middle School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No W.A. Porter CI No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Scarlett Heights Entr. Acad. No Yes No Yes No No Yes No School of Experiential Ed. Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Second Street Junior MS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Secord Elementary School Yes No Yes No No No No No Selwyn ES Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Seneca School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Seventh Street Junior School No No No No No No No No Sheldon Centre for Outdoor Education No No No No No No No No Sheppard PS / Africentric Alt School No No No No No No No No Shirley Street Jr. PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Shoreham Public Sports & Wellness Acad. No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Silver Springs Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Silvercreek No No No No No No No No Silverthorn CI Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Silverthorn CS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Sir Ernest Macmillan Sr. PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Sir John A. Macdonald CI No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Sir Oliver Mowat CI No No No No No No Yes No Sir Robert L. Borden BTI No No No No No No Yes No Sir Samuel B. Steele Jr. PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Sir Wilfrid Laurier CI No No No No No No Yes No Sir William Osler High School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Smithfield Middle School Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Roofing 61

67 School Roofing Sprucecourt Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No St Andrew's Jr PS/ASE No No No No No No No No St. Andrew's JHS No No No No No No Yes No St. Margaret's Public School No No No No No No Yes No Stanley Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Stilecroft Public School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Summit Heights PS No No No Yes No No No No Sunny View Jr. & Sr. PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Sunnylea Junior School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Swansea Jr. & Sr. PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Tam O'Shanter Junior PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Terraview Heights/Parkview Alt/CSS LC2 No No No No No No No No Terry Fox Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No The Elms Junior Middle School Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes No Thistletown CI No No No Yes No No Yes No Thorncliffe Park ES No No No No No No No No Timberbank Junior PS No No No No No No No No Tippett Road Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Tom Longboat Junior PS Yes No Yes No No No No No Topcliff Public School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Tumpane Public School No No No No No No No No Valleyfield Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Vaughan Road Academy No No No No No No No No Victoria Park Collegiate Institute No No No Yes No No Yes No Victoria Park Elementary S. Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Roofing 62

68 School Roofing Victoria Village Public School No No No No No No Yes No Warden Avenue PS No No No No No No Yes No Wedgewood Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Wellesworth Junior School Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No West Education Office Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No West Glen Junior School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No West Hill Collegiate Institute No Yes No Yes No No Yes No West Humber Junior MS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No West Preparatory Junior PS No No No No No No No No West Rouge Junior PS Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Western Tech. & Comm. School No No No No No No No No Westmount Junior School No No No Yes No No Yes No Weston Collegiate Institute No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Weston Memorial Jr PS No No No No No No Yes No Westview Centennial SS No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Westway Junior School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Wexford Collegiate School for the Arts No No No No No No Yes No Wilkinson Junior PS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No William Burgess ES No Yes No Yes No No No No William G Davis Jr PS No Yes No Yes No No Yes No William Lyon Mackenzie CI No Yes No Yes No No Yes No William Tredway Junior PS No No No Yes No No No No Williamson Road Junior PS Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Willow Park Junior PS No No No No No No Yes No Willowdale Middle School Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Roofing 63

69 School Roofing Wilmington Elementary School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Winchester Jr. & Sr. PS No No No No No No No No Winona Drive Senior PS No No No No No No No No Withrow Avenue Jr. PS No No No No No No No No Woburn Collegiate Institute No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Woburn Junior Public School No No No Yes No No Yes No Woodbine Middle School/NEYRAC No No No No No No No No York Humber High School Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes No York Memorial CI No No No No No No No No York Mills CI No No No No No No Yes No Yorkdale Secondary School Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes No Yorkview Public School No Yes No Yes No No No No Zion Heights Middle School No Yes No Yes No No Yes No Total Number of Schools Included per Program Roofing

70 Appendix B Sample Calculation for Natural Gas, Adjusted to Account for Heating Degree Days 65

71 The following sample calculation outlines how the volume of natural gas was adjusted to account for Heating Degree Days using Lord Dufferin School in project year 2014 as the example. Table 15: Natural Gas Consumption for the Baseline Year (2001) in Lord Dufferin High School Month Natural gas consumption (m 3 ) January 28,850 February 24,751 March 23,867 April 12,376 May 4,697 June 1,272 July 392 August 42 September 2,311 October 7,299 November 10,188 December 15,854 Total 131,899 In order to normalize natural gas consumption with weather data allowing for a like-for-like comparison between the baseline and project years, a heating degree day correction was made using historical weather data 11 and a base temperature of 18 o C. See page 22 for a more detailed discussion on heating degree day adjustments. Table 16: Heating Degree Days for 2014 Month Heating degree days (2014) January February March April May June Environment Canada (2014), 4&month=3&Day=29 66

72 Gas Consumption (m3) Month Heating degree days (2014) July 4.0 August 8.8 September 69.7 October November December Heating degree days for each baseline month were then plotted against the gas consumption for the baseline year. Figure 8 on the next page shows the regression used to correct for baseline gas consumption in the 2014 year for the Lord Dufferin School. 35,000 30,000 25,000 y = x R² = ,000 15,000 10,000 5, , Heating Degree Days Figure 8: Linear Regression for Baseline Gas Consumption with Heating Degree Days at Lord Dufferin School (2001) Based on Figure 8, the slope is m 3 /HDD and the y-intercept is m 3. For each month, the corrected baseline natural gas consumption (adjusted for heating degree days) = ( m 3 /HDD x monthly HDD) m 3 Table 17 shows the weather adjusted baseline gas consumption at Lord Dufferin School during

73 Table 17: Weather Adjusted Gas Consumption for Lord Dufferin School (2014) Parameter Notation Units Heating Degree Days - Baseline (2001) Heating Degree Days - Project (2014) Example: Lord Dufferin baseline gas Consumption (2001) HDD B HDD P Vgas VGasAdj o C*day o C*day m3 m3 Source Environment Canada Environment Canada n/a n/a Source Type Electronic (see website in notes) Electronic (see website in notes) n/a n/a Input Method Reference LookUp Reference LookUp Reference Reference Reference TAB: HDD TAB: HDD-2014 TAB: Ref_Report_GHG_Calen dar 1 Lord Dufferin Adjusted baseline gas Consumption (2001) TAB: Ref_Report_GHG_Calendar 1 Month Equation n/a n/a n/a n/a January , ,936.8 February , ,333.8 March , ,447.1 April , ,907.5 May , ,786.4 June , July August September , ,254.6 October , ,527.4 November , ,987.4 December , ,038.6 TOTAL 3, , , ,

74 Appendix C Calculation of the Electricity Generation Emission Factors for the Ontario Grid in

75 Electricity is a necessary commodity for the functioning of a modern society. While electricity is generated around the clock, the highest demand for electricity occurs during the daylight hours when people are active. In Ontario the peak demand hours are published by the Ontario Energy Board, which tend to vary by season and by day of the week. The on-peak and off-peak chart is shown in Figure 9 below. Figure 9: Ontario Electricity Peak Times Electricity brought online during peak times has to be dispatchable meaning that it can be switched on and ramped up to follow the rising demand. Large generating stations like coal and nuclear are not well suited to throttling, so most of the peak electricity demand is met with natural gas turbines or hydro power in Ontario. In this report the contribution of electricity generated in the margin between the peak generation and the baseload generation, as shown in Figure 10 is of interest since schools operate during both the on-peak and off-peak electricity demand hours. Electricity Generation [MW] Marginal Peak Generation Generation Baseload Generation Figure 10: Representation of Electricity Generation over One Day Time of Day 70