In-Situ Containment and Treatment of a Free Phase Hydrocarbon Plume beneath Plant Infrastructure
|
|
- Moris Price
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 In-Situ Containment and Treatment of a Free Phase Hydrocarbon Plume beneath Plant Infrastructure M. Brewster 1, S. Penny 1, B. Odell 1 and T. Jorgensen-Nelson 2 Abstract A very shallow (1 2 m deep) hydrocarbon free product plume was identified on the groundwater surface at an Alberta Gas Plant. The plume extended beneath Plant infrastructure, which precluded excavation of the contaminated material. Therefore, an in-situ remediation approach was required. The primary remedial goal was to recover hydrocarbon mass and prevent further expansion of free phase and dissolved phase plumes, until such time that complete clean up could be undertaken. Following the review of various options, a trench-and-gate remediation system was selected and implemented. The concept of was to use the natural hydraulic gradients to passively deliver contaminated groundwater to a treatment system. Groundwater flow would be directed through permeable trenches to the treatment gate(s). For this project a two-stage treatment process was implemented. In the first stage hydrocarbon product is separated and retained. In the second stage, an aeration system is used to sparge volatile dissolved hydrocarbons and oxygenate the groundwater. This trench-and-gate system was constructed in 2000 and began operation in Since beginning operation, a hydrocarbon film has collected in the free product separation gate. Analytical results for water samples collected from the treatment gate and re-infiltration gallery show dissolved hydrocarbon concentrations were below laboratory detection limits, indicating successful treatment of the dissolved phase.
2 Introduction During a soil and groundwater investigation program in 1998, the presence of hydrocarbon free product was detected in the subsurface of the Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) Recovery Area at an Alberta Gas Plant. A follow-up investigation delineated an area of approximately 3,100 m 2 with hydrocarbon free product up to 0.03 m in apparent thickness on the uppermost groundwater surface (water table). A phased approach was undertaken towards developing a free product recovery and dissolved phase treatment system. In 1999, Phase I involved the installation of a hydrocarbon recovery trench across the core of the plume along a former utility conduit route. This paper describes the results of Phase II of the program: the installation of a Trench and Gate system at the downgradient edge of the plume to provide containment and treatment of hydrocarbon contamination. Site Description The free product contamination originated from the LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gases) Recovery Area of the Plant, where lean oil is used to strip (condense) propanes and butanes from the gas stream. The free product plume straddles the two upper hydrogeological zones (Figure 1). The plume source area exists beneath the process facilities and lies within the 1.5 to 2 m of coarse angular gravel fill. The gravel fill has a hydraulic conductivity on the order of 10-5 m/s. The fill was used to raise and level the area prior to construction of process facilities. Relatively low permeability silt till underlies the gravel fill. The till is in turn underlain by siltstone bedrock at a depth of 6 to 8 m below ground surface (bgs). Approximately 10 m downgradient (south) of the Recovery area, the gravel fill thins out in a lateral transition to the native silt till. The ground surface elevation drops approximately 1 m to the original grade. The till is fractured and contains laterally discontinuous sand lenses. Hydraulic conductivity measurements are on the order of 10-7 m/s in shallow piezometers. In deeper piezometers (> 6 m), hydraulic conductivity measurements of the till are in the 10-8 to 10-9 m/s range. The groundwater surface occurs at approximately 1.5 m bgs in the fill and as shallow as 0.5 m bgs in the till. Groundwater flow across the area is south-southwest (Plant grid). A conservative estimate of the lateral groundwater flow velocity is on the order of 0.3 m/year. Remedial Goals Based on a review of remedial options for the site, it was recognized that excavation and ex-situ land surface treatment ( land-farming ) would be the fastest and most costeffective approach to achieve the ultimate goal of complete free product removal and compliance with remedial objectives. However, given the proximity and partial encroachment of the free product plume beneath the Plant process area and the LPG
3 storage bullets (87,000 Gallons each), complete excavation of hydrocarbon impacted soils was not feasible. These obstacles presented serious safety and logistical concerns that weighed against the potential gains from complete hydrocarbon removal at that time. Furthermore, the proximity of this area to existing operations leaves it vulnerable to recontamination. Figure 1 : Hydrogeological Setting PHASE II: TRENCH AND GATE TREATMENT SYSTEM HYDROCARBON RECOVERY TRENCH (TRENCH #1) PIEZOMETER LOCATION APPROXIMATE AREA OF FREE PRODUCT APPROXIMATE PLUME OF DISSOLVED PHASE HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION CROSS-SECTION LOCATION MONITORING WELL LOCATION A more pragmatic goal was therefore selected: to recover free product in a cost-effective manner and to prevent further degradation from plume expansion. Specifically, the objectives of the remediation program were as follows: 1. Containment of the free product and dissolved phase plumes to prevent further expansion of the area of impact; 2. Recovery of free product to eliminate surface seepage of hydrocarbons; and, 3. Treatment (removal) of dissolved phase hydrocarbons from the downgradient edge of the plume. Overview of Trench and Gate Technology Traditionally, groundwater remediation has consisted of pump and treat systems. However, Starr and Cherry (1994) introduced an in-situ groundwater treatment system: the Funnel and Gate system. This system uses an impermeable barrier to funnel
4 groundwater into an in-situ reactor to treat the contaminated plume. Bowles (1997) outlines the three disadvantages with the Funnel and Gate system: 1. the funnel width has to exceed the plume width, in order to capture the streamlines which veer around the end of the walls (Fitts, 1997); 2. unless the walls are set into a low hydraulic conductivity unit, some streamlines will also short circuit the remediation system by travelling below the walls (Shikaze and Austrins, 1995); and, 3. groundwater may tend to mound behind the funnel walls due to the damming effects of the walls (Bowles, 1997). Bowles (1997) modified the Funnel and Gate system into a Trench and Gate system. This system consists of an impermeable funnel with the addition of a high hydraulic conductivity drainage trench along the inside edge of the funnel, and a high permeability downgradient re-infiltration gallery. Hoyne (2000) numerically modelled and visualized the two systems using three-dimensional groundwater modelling software. Hoyne (2000) showed that the Trench and Gate system had a much larger capture zone than the Funnel and Gate system. Furthermore, the modelling work also illustrated that the impermeable funnel barrier is often not required for the Trench and Gate to function effectively. The concept of the Trench and Gate approach is to use the natural groundwater flow to deliver contaminated groundwater to a treatment system, rather than impose artificial gradients through pumping. Figure 2 shows a conceptual Trench and Gate design. It is particularly well-suited to low permeability settings such as the till beneath the LPG area where active pumping is unlikely to be effective. Trench and Gate Application For this application the Trench and Gate system consisted of the following components: a permeable V shaped trench directing groundwater flow to the gate ; a free product separation gate; a dissolved phase treatment gate; and, a post-treatment re-infiltration gallery. Groundwater flow is directed through the permeable trenches to the product separation gate. This chamber is used to trap floating hydrocarbons as outflow occurs only through the bottom of the gate (Figure 2). Groundwater travels from the product separation gate to the dissolved phase treatment gate via a connector pipe, which runs beneath the two southern LPG bullets. In the dissolved phase treatment gate, an aeration system is used to sparge volatile hydrocarbons and to oxygenate the water. This provides a dual stage treatment by first
5 stripping volatile contaminants from the water and secondly promoting aerobic biodegradation of any remaining dissolved hydrocarbons. Outflow from the dissolved phase treatment gate is returned to the groundwater flow system through the re-infiltration gallery. Figure 2 : Conceptual Trench and Gate Remediation System
6 Construction The Trench and Gate system was constructed in the available open space between two sets of LPG storage bullets at the downgradient end of the free product plume. Figure 1 shows a plan view of the constructed Trench and Gate system. The bulk of the excavation was completed using a Hitachi EX 200 excavator equipped with a wrist bucket. However, space restrictions below the LPG bullets required a mini excavator be used to install the connector pipe from the collection gate to the treatment gate. The collection trench was a 58 m long, 0.9 m wide and 2 m deep. The collection trench and the re-infiltration trenches were filled with 40 mm drainage rock. Three stacked rows of 150 mm diameter weeping tile were placed along the collection trench to facilitate lateral fluid movement. Approximately 0.6 m of clay soils compacted to 95% standard proctor density (SPD) were placed over the gravel to minimize infiltration. Woven geotextile was placed over the drainage rock to separate the drainage rock from the overlain clay soils. A 30 mil very low density polyethylene synthetic liner was draped along the downgradient edge of the collection trench to provide an impermeable barrier. The collection and treatment gates were constructed of 0.9 m and 1.8 m diameter metal culverts, respectively. The aeration system installed in the treatment gate consisted of a network of 5 cm (2 inch) diameter slotted PVC pipe connected to the Plant s compressed air system. The air supply pressure is approximately 25 kpa. The re-infiltration gallery consisted of approximately 30 m of 2 m wide and 2 m deep gravel filled trench. A geotextile was placed over the surface of the gravel and a 0.6 m thick layer of compacted clay was placed over top. The Trench and Gate system was constructed in Fall The aeration system was installed in Spring Because all the components are located sub-grade, the Trench and Gate system was designed to operate continuously year round. Performance Review The performance of the Trench and Gate system was evaluated via the following two metrics: 1. product recovery volumes in the product separation gate; and, 2. groundwater quality before and after treatment in the dissolved phase treatment gate. Table 1 shows the analytical results for water samples collected from the product separation gate and the treatment gate (after treatment) on two occasions in 2001 (September and November) and in June 2002.
7 Table 1: Trench and Gate Treatment System Water Quality (Dissolved Hydrocarbon Concentrations) Monitoring Station Date Benzene Toluene Ethylbenzene Xylenes total TPH (C 3 -C 10 ) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) CDWQG* Product 24-Sep < < Separation Gate 13-Nov <0.002 < Jun < Treatment 24-Sep-01 < < < < <0.1 Gate 13-Nov-01 < < < < < Jun-02 < < < < <0.1 * Canadian Drinking Water Quality Guidelines (Health Canada, 1996). --- denotes no criteria superscript 1 denotes values exceeding CDWQG. Results indicate that the treatment gate has been effective in stripping dissolved volatile hydrocarbons from the groundwater. This treated groundwater is automatically released through the re-infiltration gallery. The Trench and Gate system was installed at the downgradient end of the plume to ensure containment of free product. During the construction program, it was observed that the plume extended almost to the location of the product separation gate. To date, no free product has been removed from the separation gate; however, a hydrocarbon sheen has been observed in the gate, suggesting the edge of the plume is advancing towards the system. Additionally, no free product has been observed in monitoring wells downgradient of the Trench and Gate system indicating the plume remains contained. Summary and Conclusion Since it began operation in 2001, the Trench and Gate system has achieved the remedial goals of preventing further expansion of free product and dissolved phase plumes and in removing dissolved hydrocarbon at the downgradient edge. Significant product has yet to enter the Trench and Gate system, which is consistent with the very slow groundwater flow rate (approximately 0.3 m/yr). However, the system is well positioned to capture future downgradient product migration.
8 References Bowles, M The Trench and Gate Groundwater Remediation System. Master of Science Thesis. Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Calgary. November, Fitts, C.R., Analytical Modelling of Impermeable and Resistant Barriers. Ground Water, Vol. 35, No. 2., March-April, pp Health Canada, Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality (6 th Edition). Cat. No. H48-10/1996E, ISBN Hoyne, W.E Three dimensional Flow and Transport Modelling of a Trench and Gate System in a Low Permeability Till. Master of Science Thesis. Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Calgary. March, Shikaze, S.B. and C.D. Austrins, A 3-D Numerical Investigation of Groundwater Flow in the Vicinity of a Funnel-and-Gate System. Proceedings of the 5 th Annual Symposium on Groundwater and Soil Remediation. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, October 2-5, Starr, R.C. and J.C. Cherry, In-situ Remediation of Contaminated Ground Water: The Funnel-and-Gate System. Ground Water, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp Komex International Ltd., Suite 100, th Ave SW, Calgary, AB, T3B 0M6 2 Confidential Employer I:\CIJS\cij148\reports\paper.doc
In-Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone using ZVI-Clay Treatment Technology
In-Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone using ZVI-Clay Treatment Technology Detailed site assessment work at a manufacturing facility in South Carolina indicated that a former French drain
More informationTHERMAL REMEDIATION OF A CLOSED GASOLINE SERVICE STATION PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION LED BY: GLEN VALLANCE PROJECT MANAGER, CGRS
THERMAL REMEDIATION OF A CLOSED GASOLINE SERVICE STATION IPEC 13 November 2013 CLIQUEZ ET MODIFIEZ LE TITRE PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION LED BY: GLEN VALLANCE PROJECT MANAGER, CGRS 1. IN-SITU THERMAL REMEDIATION
More informationAdvancing the Science of In Situ Groundwater Remediation Petroleum Hydrocarbon Remediation Technologies
Advancing the Science of In Situ Groundwater Remediation Petroleum Hydrocarbon Remediation Technologies RemBind Vadose Zone Treatment Tersus is the exclusive North American distributor for RemBind (US
More informationCode of Practice for Land Treatment of Soil Containing Hydrocarbons
Code of Practice for Land Treatment of Soil Containing Hydrocarbons September 2008 Made under the Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act RSA 2000, ce-12 Published by Alberta Queen s Printer Alberta
More informationUsing Mass Balance to Assist in Determining Remedial Options. Stephen Thomson URS New Zealand Limited
Using Mass Balance to Assist in Determining Remedial Options Stephen Thomson URS New Zealand Limited Presentation Outline Introduction. Example Site. Mass Balance. Calculations. Outcomes. Introduction
More informationAdvancing the Science of In Situ Groundwater Remediation Petroleum Hydrocarbon Remediation Technologies
Advancing the Science of In Situ Groundwater Remediation Petroleum Hydrocarbon Remediation Technologies TASK Tersus Advanced Surface Kinetics NAPL Surfactants Tersus is the worldwide distributor of the
More informationSoil Treatment Facility Design and Operation for Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil. Version 1.0
PROTOCOL 15 FOR CONTAMINATED SITES Soil Treatment Facility Design and Operation for Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil Version 1.0 Prepared pursuant to Section 64 of the Environmental Management
More informationIn Situ, Low Temperature Thermal Remediation of LNAPL with Pesticides and Other Recalcitrant Compounds
In Situ, Low Temperature Thermal Remediation of LNAPL with Pesticides and Other Recalcitrant Compounds RemTech 2017, Banff Springs Hotel and Conference Centre October 11, 2017 Presented by - Jay Dablow,
More informationDesign of a passive hydraulic containment system using FEFLOW modelling
Design of a passive hydraulic containment system using FEFLOW modelling Rémi Vigouroux remi.vigouroux@arteliagroup.com Florence Lenhardt florence.lenhardt@arteliagroup.com Noëlle Doucet noelle.doucet@arteliagroup.com
More informationAugust Prepared by:
Case Study for the Use of a Decision Support Tool: Evaluating the Applicability of Remediation by Natural Attenuation Using BIOSCREEN at the Administration Area Naval Exchange (NEX) Gas Station, Naval
More informationUsing Fractran Fracture Flow Modeling in Tandem with Modflow to Assist in the Development of Wellfield Protection Zones for Municipal Wells in Bedrock
Using Fractran Fracture Flow Modeling in Tandem with Modflow to Assist in the Development of Wellfield Protection Zones for Municipal Wells in Bedrock T.K. Wiezel 1, G.G. Violette 1 and S.T. Hamilton 2
More informationEnhanced Anaerobic Biodegradation of a Refinery Benzene Groundwater Plume
Enhanced Anaerobic Biodegradation of a Refinery Benzene Groundwater Plume Robert (Rory) S. Johnston, PE Michael Eberle SAWEA CONFERENCE DECEMBER 2007 Presentation Outline Go With the Flow Anaerobic Process
More informationApplication of Geotextiles in Pavement Drainage Systems
International Journal of Civil Engineering Research. ISSN 2278-3652 Volume 5, Number 4 (2014), pp. 385-390 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/ijcer.htm Application of Geotextiles
More informationProviding proper drainage system
Environment Friendly and Cost Effective Alternative to Conventional Graded Filters Providing proper drainage system for structures such as earth retaining structures, pavements, water front structures,
More informationIn Situ Chemical Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds in a Fractured Bedrock Aquifer
In Situ Chemical Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds in a Fractured Bedrock Aquifer Paul D. Rohde, CH2M HILL and Cynthia R. Butler, P.E., CH2M HILL Abstract Site Background A pilot-scale study of in
More informationGroundwater Risk Assessment
Groundwater Risk Assessment ELQF - 6 November 2012 Katy Baker Technical Director ARCADIS (UK) Limited Imagine the result Problem definition The importance of the CSM 2 The definition of the problem: 3
More informationDesign Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1. January 2009
Design Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1 January 2009 This page is intentionally blank. Design Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1 January 2009 For information or additional copies
More informationGeoenvironmental impact assessment of a landfill for solid chemical wastes
ALOJZY SZYMAŃSKI, ZBIGNIEW LECHOWICZ, KAZIMIERZ GARBULEWSKI Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Warsaw Agricultural University SGGW, Poland Geoenvironmental impact assessment of a landfill for solid
More informationThermal Remediation Services, Inc.
Thermal Remediation Services, Inc. Electrical Resistance Heating for Rapid Remediation of DNAPL April 2003 David Fleming 425-396-4266 dfleming@thermalrs.com www.thermalrs.com What is Electrical Resistance
More informationDetermination of Design Infiltration Rates for the Sizing of Infiltration based Green Infrastructure Facilities
Determination of Design Infiltration Rates for the Sizing of Infiltration based Green Infrastructure Facilities 1 Introduction This document, developed by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission
More informationDesign and Operation of Landfills
Design and Operation of Landfills Soils and hydrogeology Site selection criteria Site layout and landfill operations Liner design Water balance Biological reactions in landfills Leachate quality Gas production
More informationJames Studer, 2 Barry Ronellenfitch, 2 Adam Mabbott, 2 Heather Murdoch, 2 Greg Whyte, and 3 Ian Hakes. REMTECH 2008 at Banff, Alberta
PILOT TEST OF ISCO TECHNOLOGIES LEADS TO IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF IMMEDIATE AND MID-TERM GEOCHEMICAL RESPONSE AND CONTAMINANT DESTRUCTION WITHIN PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON PLUME 1 James Studer, 2 Barry Ronellenfitch,
More informationFebruary 23, 2010 Version 0.0
February 23, 2010 Version 0.0 New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Site Remediation Program Guidance for Light Non-aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) Free Product Initial Recovery and Interim Remedial
More informationLAYING IBSTOCK CLAY PAVERS FOR PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS
PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS (SUDS) This leaflet highlights the basic requirements for laying Ibstock clay pavers to form a permeable pavement. Ibstock clay pavers are intended for domestic use only i.e. patios
More informationRemediation of the Former Gasworks, High Wycombe, UK
Remediation of the Former Gasworks, High Wycombe, UK Apr-4-06 MGP Symposium, Reading UK, April 2006 Presented By Stuart Arch Apr-4-06 4/4/06 WPREpresentation1.ppt 1 Site Setting Contents of Presentation
More informationTOWNSHIP OF NORTH GLENGARRY MAXVILLE COMMUNAL SEWAGE LAGOONS 2011 GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING PROGRAM REF.: FINAL REPORT
2011 Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Program FINAL REPORT TOWNSHIP OF NORTH GLENGARRY MAXVILLE COMMUNAL SEWAGE LAGOONS 2011 GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING PROGRAM REF.: 09-511 Submitted:
More informationROUX ASSOCIATES, INC. Environmental Consulting & Management
February 28, 2012 PARTIAL RESPONSE ACTION OUTCOME STATEMENT (RAO) 17 Central Street Property Peabody Essex Museum RTN 3-23396 Prepared for PEABODY ESSEX MUSEUM East India Square Salem, Massachusetts 01907
More information7.0 GROUNDWATER AND STABILIZER TRANSPORT MODELING
7.0 GROUNDWATER AND STABILIZER TRANSPORT MODELING 7.1 Introduction The concept of passive site remediation is the slow injection of stabilizing materials at the up gradient edge of a site and delivery
More informationInfiltration Guidelines
Appendix E Infiltration Guidelines As a stormwater management method, infiltration means retaining or detaining water within soils to reduce runoff. Infiltration can be a cost-effective method to manage
More informationSection 2 Corrective Action Objectives
Section 2 Corrective Action Objectives 2.1 Corrective Action Objectives Corrective action objectives have been developed for this site based on the requirements provided under the North Carolina Solid
More informationLeachate Management Leachate Control and Collection
Leachate Management Leachate Control and Collection Leachate Collection Sanitary landfills have leachate collection and removal system above liner At un-lined landfills and dump sites Perimeter Ditch -
More informationGUIDE FOR THE SUBMISSION OF REMEDIAL ACTION WORKPLANS
GUIDE FOR THE SUBMISSION OF REMEDIAL ACTION WORKPLANS State of New Jersey Christine Todd Whitman Governor New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Robert C. Shinn, Jr. Commissioner Site Remediation
More informationPermeOx. Plus. Enhanced Aerobic Biodegradation
PermeOx Plus Enhanced Aerobic Biodegradation Introduction Successful bioremediation of petroleum contamination through aerobic microbial respiration depends on a number of factors including the presence
More informationSUBSURFACE INFILTRATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION. Alternative Names: Sump, Drywell, Infiltration Trench, Infiltration Galleries, Leach Fields
4.1-d SUBSURFACE INFILTRATION SYSTEM Alternative Names: Sump, Drywell, Infiltration Trench, Infiltration Galleries, Leach Fields BMP DESIGN APPROACH Pollutant Source Control Hydrologic Source Control Stormwater
More informationIn-pit tailings disposal at Langer Heinrich TSFs in a unique hydrogeological setting
In-pit tailings disposal at Langer Heinrich TSFs in a unique hydrogeological setting Tailings and Mine Waste Management for the 21 st Century 2015 Page number 373 in proceedings Prepared by: Cameron Hore
More informationEnvironmental Management Division. David Amidei NASA HQ
NASA s Remediation Challenges David Amidei NASA HQ Environmental Management Division i i NASA Facilities Environmental Management Division Previous Practices Environmental Management Division and more
More informationSPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised 5/8/7)
Page 1 of 7 STONE STRONG SYSTEMS SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised 5/8/7) PART 1: GENERAL 1.01 Description A. Work includes furnishing and installing precast modular
More informationSurfactant Enhanced Remediation Of Petroleum and Chlorinated Contaminated Sites. Bud Ivey Ivey International
Surfactant Enhanced Remediation Of Petroleum and Chlorinated Contaminated Sites Bud Ivey Ivey International SMART Remediation Ottawa, ON February 16, 2017 SMART is Powered by: www.vertexenvironmental.ca
More informationThis report was prepared by Stanley Abraham, Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil
This report was prepared by Stanley Abraham, Vice President, Industrial Systems Corp. LLC, PO Box 61, Postal Code 134, Shattia, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, Oman. Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated
More informationRock Fill Layer Management and Maintenance Plan Former BNSF Site 13 Highway 99 Eugene, Oregon
Rock Fill Layer Management and Maintenance Plan 13 Highway 99 Prepared for: Half Moon LLC P.O. Box 25112 97402 PBS Project No. 51833.000 Rock Fill Layer Management and Maintenance Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS
More informationEmpirical Data to Evaluate the Occurrence of Sub-slab O 2 Depletion Shadow at Petroleum Hydrocarbon- Impacted Vapor Intrusion Sites
Empirical Data to Evaluate the Occurrence of Sub-slab O 2 Depletion Shadow at Petroleum Hydrocarbon- Impacted Vapor Intrusion Sites Ravi Kolhatkar, Emma Hong Luo & Tom Peargin Chevron Energy Technology
More informationHIGH BRIDGE AREA ROADWAY SLIDE, LETCHWORTH STATE PARK PORTAGEVILLE, NEW YORK
HIGH BRIDGE AREA ROADWAY SLIDE, LETCHWORTH STATE PARK PORTAGEVILLE, NEW YORK INTRODUCTION Letchworth State Park is located along the Genesee River about 35 miles south of Rochester, New York. The Genesee
More informationINVESTIGATION ON SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE FLUID MIGRATION: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Proceedings of the 13 th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology Athens, Greece, 5-7 September 2013 INVESTIGATION ON SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE FLUID MIGRATION: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
More informationGREEN CITY, CLEAN WATERS
GREEN CITY, CLEAN WATERS Investigation of Infiltration in Unsaturated Urban Fill Material VUSP Pennsylvania Stormwater Symposium October 15, 2015 Dan O Rourke, CDM Smith Jason Cruz, Philadelphia Water
More information4 EXTREME FOUNDATION PANELS
4 EXTREME FOUNDATION PANELS For House Crawl Space On Concrete Footings 1. The type of soil is a factor in determining foundation construction details such as footing design, backfill, and drainage provisions.
More informationDRAFT Alberta Risk Management Plan Guide
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 DRAFT FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY DO NOT QUOTE, CITE, POST, PUBLISH, LINK, or HYPERLINK DRAFT Alberta Risk Management Plan
More informationCommunity Environmental Newsletter
Community Environmental Newsletter, San Diego, CA April 2007 Volume 1, Issue 1 Defense Fuel Support Point (DFSP) Point Loma This newsletter is the first in a series intended to keep the local Point Loma
More informationP Temporary piezometer. MW Piezometer to remain in place. P Temporary piezometer
2. Field Program 2.1 Health and Safety Plan Prior to beginning the field program, CH2M HILL developed a health and safety plan (H&SP). The H&SP provided a summary of potential physical hazards that could
More informationNovember 8, 2016 International Petroleum Environmental Conference. Tim Nickels Pastor, Behling & Wheeler, LLC
November 8, 2016 International Petroleum Environmental Conference Tim Nickels Pastor, Behling & Wheeler, LLC Long term, non-voluntary constant inhalation exposure to toxic compounds Non-voluntarily inhale
More informationBIG O HDPE TUBING HDPE CORRUGATED TUBING FOR AGRICULTURAL, RESIDENTIAL AND HIGHWAY DRAINAGE INCREASE CROP YIELDS LOWER PRODUCTION COSTS
DRAINAGE SOLUTIONS SINCE 1908 BIG O HDPE TUBING HDPE CORRUGATED TUBING FOR AGRICULTURAL, RESIDENTIAL AND HIGHWAY DRAINAGE INCREASE CROP YIELDS LOWER PRODUCTION COSTS PROTECT FOUNDATIONS IMPROVE HIGHWAY
More informationIn Situ Bioremediation Technologies by Tersus Environmental
In Situ Bioremediation Technologies by Tersus Environmental Page 2 Gas infusion Page 3 Tersus Environmental In Situ bioremediation Gas delivery Edible oil Achieve site closure Low cost solution Soil vapor
More informationDesign Data 6. Loads and Supporting Strengths Elliptical and Arch Pipe. Values of B d
Design Data 6 Loads and Supporting Strengths Elliptical and Arch Pipe The hydraulic and structural characteristics of elliptical and arch shapes offer advantages, under certain conditions, over the circular
More informationFile No Supplemental November Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting Engineers
Supplemental Information & Geotechnical Recommendations Proposed New Solar Valley Location B (East of Building No. 7) Cañada Community College 4200 Farm Hill Boulevard Submitted to: Mr. Peter Hempel Construction
More informationBoise City Public Works General Drainage Plan Review Requirements Checklist
Boise City Public Works General Drainage Plan Review Requirements Checklist Development Name Bldg. Permit # Drainage Reviewer Site Address Initial Review Date ODI Number Designer Company Name Treated Acres
More informationPotential effects evaluation of dewatering an underground mine on surface water and groundwater located in a rural area
Potential effects evaluation of dewatering an underground mine on surface water and groundwater located in a rural area ITRODUCTIO Michel Mailloux* Eng. M.Sc, Vincent Boisvert, M.Sc, Denis Millette, Eng.,
More informationSPECIFICATION FOR ENGINEERED FILLS
SPECIFICATION FOR ENGINEERED FILLS This specification is intended to be used for the engineered fill. The specification is suitable for most purposes but there may be special conditions existing at some
More informationInformation Request 11
Information Request 11 Information Request 11 11-1 Responses to Information Request 11 Response to Information Request 11a Response to Information Request 11b 11-2 11-6 Federal Review Panel Information
More informationIn Situ Thermal NAPL Remediation at the Northeast Site Pinellas Environmental Restoration Project
ABSTRACT In Situ Thermal NAPL Remediation at the Northeast Site Pinellas Environmental Restoration Project R. Juhlin, M. Butherus S.M. Stoller Corporation 2597 B ¾ Road, Grand Junction, C0 81506 USA The
More informationEndpoint Selection Standard. Saskatchewan Environmental Code
Endpoint Selection Standard Saskatchewan Environmental Code November 15, 2012 Endpoint Selection Standard A PRELIMINARY MATTERS Objective (1) This standard sets the manner in which the appropriate endpoints
More informationDRAFT CREEK BARRIER SUPPLEMENTAL FEASIBILITY STUDY FORMER SANTA ROSA MGP SITE. Santa Rosa, California. September 3, 2013
DRAFT CREEK BARRIER SUPPLEMENTAL FEASIBILITY STUDY FORMER SANTA ROSA MGP SITE Santa Rosa, California September 3, 2013 prepared for Pacific Gas and Electric Company 3401 Crow Canyon Rd San Ramon, CA 94583
More informationMadison Water Utility Pressure Zone 4 Well Siting Study
Madison Water Utility Summary of Potential Well Sites March 24 2011 Site Status Comment 1 Dairy Center In consideration Several suitable properties in this area are available. 2 Tradewinds In consideration
More information(,,,) = ( )exp ( + C(x,y,z,t) = the concentration of the contaminant at location x, y, z from the source at time t.
INTRODUCTION Quick Domenico.xls (QD) is a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet application of An Analytical Model For Multidimensional Transport of a Decaying Contaminant Species, by P.A. Domenico, Journal of Hydrology,
More informationGroundwater Remediation Using Engineered Wetlands
Groundwater Remediation Using Engineered Wetlands Ryan Devlin B.Sc. Chem. Water Resource Business Unit Leader April 27, 2009 A case study British Petroleum, Wyoming Casper Introduction Who we are North
More informationMARYLAND DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT 1800 Washington Boulevard Baltimore Maryland
MARYLAND DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT 1800 Washington Boulevard Baltimore Maryland 21230-1719 1-800-633-6101 http:/www.mde.state.md.us Darlington Citgo 3940 Conowingo Road, Darlington Harford County,
More informationCHAPTER IV METHODS FOR EVALUATING RECOVERABILITY OF FREE PRODUCT
CHAPTER IV METHODS FOR EVALUATING RECOVERABILITY OF FREE PRODUCT CHAPTER IV METHODS FOR EVALUATING RECOVERABILITY OF FREE PRODUCT The primary objectives of a free product recovery system are to recover
More informationAt least 2 feet above the seasonal high water table Overflow path or structure provided
General Conditions Map of proposed subwatershed to each subbasin, including total area and CN Design Flow or Design Volume to each STF, as appropriate Operation and Maintenance instructions for each STF
More informationONSITE SEWAGE SYSTEMS*
GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS OF COMMON TYPES OF ONSITE SEWAGE SYSTEMS* *Some of the systems described are not permitted for new construction under the current code in Wisconsin. See individual descriptions for
More informationUse Of High Concentration Magnesium Sulfate Solution To Remediate Petroleum Impacted Groundwater
Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Soils, Sediments, Water and Energy Volume 12 Article 24 January 21 Use Of High Concentration Magnesium Sulfate Solution To Remediate Petroleum Impacted
More informationUNIVERSITY OF OREGON NORTH CAMPUS CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT PROJECT Draft Conditional Use Permit Stormwater, Sanitary Sewer, and Water Analysis Report
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON NORTH CAMPUS CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT PROJECT Draft Conditional Use Permit Stormwater, Sanitary Sewer, and Water Analysis Report Prepared for: Cameron McCarthy Landscape Architects LLP
More informationClosure Plan Ash Disposal Area PGE Boardman Power Plant
FIRST ISSUE REVISION 0 Closure Plan Ash Disposal Area PGE Boardman Power Plant Prepared for Portland General Electric September 2015 2020 SW 4th Avenue, Suite 300 Portland, Oregon 97201 This document was
More informationPrepared For: Town of Castle Valley, Utah
HYDROLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF THE SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF CASTLE VALLEY, UTAH: PART 2: HESA-BASED SITING OF CULINERY WELL FOR TOWN OF CASTLE VALLEY Authors: Dr. Kenneth E. Kolm, Hydrologic
More informationGROUNDWATER DISCHARGE
GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE C O N N E C T I O N F A C T S H E E T S E R I E S D I S C H A R G E : The movement of groundwater from the subsurface to the surface P E R M E A B I L I T Y : The ability of a material
More informationGOING WITH THE FLOW: DESIGN TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE RAW WATER QUALITY
GOING WITH THE FLOW: DESIGN TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE RAW WATER QUALITY ABSTRACT Porter Rivers, III, PE URS Corporation Keith Cannon, PE URS Corporation Geoff Smith, PE URS Corporation Ken Green, Eastern Band
More informationEast Maui Watershed Partnership Adapted from Utah State University and University of Wisconsin Ground Water Project Ages 7 th -Adult
INTRODUCTION What is groundwater? Water contained in saturated soil and rock materials below the surface of the earth. It is not NEW water, but is recycled water through the hydraulic cycle. The source
More informationStormwaterWise Landscapes: Pervious Surfaces Specifications
StormwaterWise Landscapes: Pervious Surfaces Specifications Purpose & Benefits Stormwater runoff reduction High pollutant removal Control localized drainage problems Attractive alternative for walkways
More informationIntroduction to Groundwater. Photo: Joanne Offer/The IRC
Introduction to Groundwater Photo: Joanne Offer/The IRC Groundwater Groundwater is water that has permeated or percolated into the ground. It is an important part of the water cycle. Groundwater is an
More informationLarge scale Bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated sites in desert environment
Large scale Bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated sites in desert environment 23 d International Petroleum & Environmental Conference New Orleans, LA 8-10 th Nov, 2016 Krishna Vangala Senior Environment
More informationRiverbank Filtration A Ground-Water Perspective
Riverbank Filtration A Ground-Water Perspective W I L L I A M D. G O L L N I T Z S U P E R I N T E N D E N T O F W A T E R P U R I F I C A T I O N C I T Y O F L O R A I N, O H E A R T H W O R K S W A T
More informationEVALUATION OF GRAVELLESS PIPE SYSTEMS FOR ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT ACROSS MINNESOTA
EVALUATION OF GRAVELLESS PIPE SYSTEMS FOR ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT ACROSS MINNESOTA INTRODUCTION S. H. Christopherson, D. M. Gustafson, J. L. Anderson Approximately 30% of Minnesota's residents rely
More information(this cover page left intentionally blank)
4. Siting the Well (this cover page left intentionally blank) 4. Siting the Well Chapter Table of Contents Chapter Table of Contents Chapter Description... 4 Regulatory Requirements Well Siting... 4 Relevant
More informationISOTEC Case Study No. 67 ISCO TREATMENT PROGRAM: IMPACTED GROUNDWATER TREATMENT UTILIZING ACTIVATED SODIUM PERSULFATE
ISOTEC Case Study No. 67 ISCO TREATMENT PROGRAM: IMPACTED GROUNDWATER TREATMENT UTILIZING ACTIVATED SODIUM PERSULFATE ISCO Treatment Program: O&G Superfund Site Site O&G Superfund Drum Reconditioning Site;
More informationSITE INVESTIGATION. Foundation Engineering
SITE INVESTIGATION Assist. Prof. Berrak TEYMUR Foundation Engineering Analysis Design Construction As a foundation engineer, you need to consider geotechnical/structural issues (involves geology, subsurface
More informationBioremediation of Comingled 1,4-Dioxane and Chlorinated Solvent Plumes
Bioremediation of Comingled 1,4-Dioxane and Chlorinated Solvent Plumes Bilgen Yuncu, PhD, PE; Jessica L. Keener, PG and Robert C. Borden, PhD, PE Solutions-IES, Inc., Raleigh, NC TCE PCE Stephen D. Richardson,
More informationRedi Rock Specification and Installation Manual
Redi Rock Specification and Installation Manual 1.0 General Scope This Specification covers the Design, Materials and Installation of Redi Rock modular block Retaining and Freestanding Wall systems as
More informationEALT. Groundwater. Drinking Water Program. Revised June 1995
H EALT D I V I S I O N H Drinking Water Program Groundwater Revised June 1995 Table of Contents Introduction... 1 Groundwater Usage... 1 Developing the Conceptual Model... 2 The Hydrologic Cycle...2 Where
More informationK ATALYST, INC. adding value to our natural resources facilitating community change
GROUNDWATER INVESTIGATION: City of Medford Maintenance Center, Medford Oregon (ODEQ # 15-96-0066) Prepared for: Brice Perkins, P.E., City of Medford Prepared by: Robert Coffan, Principal Hydrologist and
More informationSoil Temperature Monitoring and Study of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2015 Melbourne, Australia, 19-25 April 2015 Soil Temperature Monitoring and Study of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Du Jizhong, Yang Ze, and Yu Huiming No.280, Huanghe
More informationOverburden and Bedrock Remediation Using Activated Carbon Based Injectates. Mike Mazzarese AST Environmental, Inc.
Overburden and Bedrock Remediation Using Activated Carbon Based Injectates Mike Mazzarese AST Environmental, Inc. SMART Remediation Toronto, ON SMART is Powered by: www.vertexenvironmental.ca Overburden
More informationGeosynthetics Cost/Benefit Analysis for the Development of a Landfill Expansion Module in Monterey, California
The First Pan American Geosynthetics Conference & Exhibition 2-5 March 2008, Cancun, Mexico Geosynthetics Cost/Benefit Analysis for the Development of a Landfill Expansion Module in Monterey, California
More informationThis document also includes proposed permit requirements, including response actions, when excursions occur.
Discussion of Zone of Influence, Area of Review, and the Aquifer Exemption Boundary for Class III Injection Wells used for the In-Situ Leaching (ISL) of Uranium Introduction: The purpose of this discussion
More informationSite Profiles - View. General Information. Contaminants: Site Hydrology:
Site Profiles - View General Information Site Name and Location: Description: Historical activity that resulted in contamination. Tiger Cleaners Memphis, Tennessee, United States Tiger Cleaners is located
More informationKentucky and Beyond BOS 200 Success Story. The RPI Group Approach to In-situ Petroleum Hydrocarbon Remediation
Kentucky and Beyond BOS 200 Success Story The RPI Group Approach to In-situ Petroleum Hydrocarbon Remediation 20 Years Serving the Environmental Industry Health and Safety is the number one priority at
More informationTime-Dependent Strength Behavior of Soil-Bentonite Slurry Wall Backfill
Time-Dependent Strength Behavior of Soil-Bentonite Slurry Wall Backfill Jeffrey Evans 1, and Christopher Ryan 2 1 Bucknell University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lewisburg, PA 17837
More informationLANDFILL GAS CONTROL SYSTEMS: DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS. Mike Bradford, P.E.
LANDFILL GAS CONTROL SYSTEMS: DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS Mike Bradford, P.E. 2 Today s Agenda SOLUTIONS YOU CAN COUNT ON. PEOPLE YOU CAN TRUST. What are we controlling? FOCUS: How do we control
More informationSubsurface Distribution of ZVI/EHC Slurry Validating Radius of Influence. Josephine Molin, PeroxyChem October
Subsurface Distribution of ZVI/EHC Slurry Validating Radius of Influence Josephine Molin, PeroxyChem October 2 2014 Presentation Objective / Outline To empirically summarize our experience from a range
More informationPD - 6 THRUST RESTRAINT DESIGN EQUATIONS AND SOIL PARAMETERS FOR DUCTILE IRON AND PVC PIPE
PD - 6 THRUST RESTRAINT DESIGN EQUATIONS AND SOIL PARAMETERS FOR DUCTILE IRON AND PVC PIPE 4 3 2 1 D D C C B B A A 4 3 2 1 Thrust Restraint Design Equations and Soil Parameters These equations and soil
More informationSanitary and Environmental Engineering I (4 th Year Civil)
Sanitary and Environmental Engineering I (4 th Year Civil) Prepared by Dr.Khaled Zaher Assistant Professor, Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University Wastewater Flow
More informationHilmar Cheese Company, Hilmar, Merced County, California. On behalf of Hilmar Cheese Company (HCC), Jacobson James & Associates, Inc.
May 13, 2009 Mr. Jan Alfson California Regional Water Quality Control Board Fresno Branch Office 1685 E Street Fresno, CA 93706 Subject: Data Gap Work Plan Addendum Hilmar Cheese Company, Hilmar, Merced
More informationROYSTER CLARK SITE Environmental Assessment Notes
General Background ROYSTER CLARK SITE Environmental Assessment Notes To meet state and federal labeling and quality control requirements, all fertilizer must specify its product constituents as a percentage
More informationAnnual Report 2012 Hydrogeological Assessment McDonald s Corners Waste Disposal Site. Township of Lanark Highlands
Annual Report 2012 Hydrogeological Assessment McDonald s Corners Waste Disposal Site Township of Lanark Highlands Prepared for: Township of Lanark Highlands Box 340, 75 George Street Lanark, ON K0G 1K0
More information