ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Transcription

1 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized VIETNAM ELECTRICITY NATIONAL POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY PROJECT (TEP) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 220KV DONG ANH SUBSTATION SUBPROJECT Final Version Prepared by POWER ENGINEERING CONSULTING JOINT STOCK COMPANY 1 March, 2014

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY ON ENVINRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OUTLINE OF THE PROJECT SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS CAUSED BY PROJECT CONSTRUCTION NEGATIVE IMPACTS PREVENTIVE, MITIGATION MEASURES TO ENVIRONMENT PREVENTATIVE MEASURES AND PREPAREDNESS PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PROGRAM CONCLUSIONS PREFACE PROJECT BACKGROUND LEGAL AND TECHNICAL BASES FOR PROJECT PERFORMANCE METHODS APPLIED TO EIA REPORT Impacts identification method Forecast method of expert Quick assessment method AGENCY TO PREPARE EIA Chapter 1. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION PROJECT PROJECT OWNER GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION PROJECT DESCRIPTION Chapter 2. NATURAL CONDITIONS, SOCIO- ECONOMIC FEATURES IN PROJECT AREA NATURAL CONDIITONS Geomorphologic and Engineering Geological Conditions Meteo-Hydrological Conditions SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF PROJECT AREA Thuy Lam Commune Lien Ha Commune CHAPTER 3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT Project preparation stage Project construction stage Project operation stage Impacts caused by risk of environmental incidents Comments on detailed level, reliability of assessment... 79

3 4.1. PREVENTIVE AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS During project preparation stage In construction stage Mitigation in operation stage PREVENTIVE, RESPONSE MEASURES OF RISK, ENVIRONMENTAL INCIENTS In project preparation and construction stage In operation stage Chapter 5. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PROGRAM ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM Implementation organization Summarizing environmental management program ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Construction phase Project operation stage COST FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CHAPTER 6. COMMUNITY CONSULTATION COMMENTS FROM LIEN HA AND THUY LAM COMMUNE PEOPLE S COMMITEES COMMENTS BY AGENCY AFFECTED DIRECTLY BY THE PROJECT (FATHERLAND FRONT COMMITEES OF COMMUNE) FEEDBACK FROM PROJECT OWNER CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND COMMITMENT CONCLUSIONS RECOMMENDATIONS COMMITTMENT REFERENCED DATA, DOCUMENTS

4 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 1.1 Main construction components of substation Table List of primary construction material Table 1.3 Main equipment and construction vehicle Table First power equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation Table 1.5 Control and protective equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation Table Communication equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation Table 2.2- Mean monthly wind velocity Table 2.4 Analysis result of air, noise and vibration quality Table 2.5 Analysis result of surface water sample Table Analysis result of underground water sample Table Analysis result of soil sample Table 3.1 Impact sources to environment during construction stage Table 3.2 Air pollution factor of truck Table 3.3 Exhausted gas from means of soil and construction materials transportation 63 Table 3.4 Exhaust from construction machines, equipments Table Concentration of polluted matters from living activities waste water Table 3.6 Noise from some means of construction Table 3.7 Vibration of construction trucks, machine Table 3.8 Noise instrumentation at some locations of 220kV substation Table 3.9 Electromagnetic measured result at two 220kV substations Table Compensation Planning for affected households when the project is implemented Table 5.1 Related agencies in environmental management and monitoring program Table 5.2 Environnemental management program Table 5.3 Cost for environmental monitoring of the project Table 5.4 Environmental monitoring content of 220kV Dong Anh Substation

5 SUMMARY ON ENVINRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 1. OUTLINE OF THE PROJECT 1.1. Project location 220kV Dong Anh substation is constructed at paddy rice cultivated area at territory of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune and Ha Phong village, Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi. Total land occupied area of substation is ,38 m 2. - To the North, it borders with residential area of Huong Tram village - Thuy Lam commune. - To the West it borders with inter-commune road of Xuan Non - Thuy Lam. - To the South it borders with paddy field, further end is residential region of Ha Phong village, Lien Ha commune. - To the East it borders with the existing110kv Dong Anh - Soc Son transmission line. General layout of 220kV Dong Anh substation refers to the following figure: 1.2. Project size Taking topographical conditions of the area in to consideration, the substation which comprises of : 220kV switchyard is at the South and SW of substation, 110kV switchyard is at North and NW of substation, the substation core will be main access road, power PECC1 1

6 transformers, feeder protective and controlling room. Pumping station and fire fighting water tank are at North East of substation. Master control room, operation and management building and the substation gate will be arranged at South East of substation. 220kV Dong Anh substation shall have capacity of 2 x 250MVA and standby space for installation of third transformer in substation. Firstly, transformer AT1-250MVA shall be put into operation in Second transformer will be installed in period Third transformer will be installed in period Construction quantity for project Volume of main civil works and equipment estimated for construction of the 220kV substation are as below: Quantity of ground leveling for 220kV/110kV Dong Anh substation: of which removing vegetation soil layer is ,1 m 3, sand backfilled quantity for foundation of substation is 113,218.7 m 3, soil backfilled quantity for foundation of substation is 8,079.8m 3. Soil excavation at foundation pit of substation is 24,755.4m 3, soil backfilled for foundation is 14,574.4m 3. 22kV transmission line supplying AC electricity for the substation is made with the lengh of 1453m List of equipment and machine The project shall use mainly types of machines, equipment that save fuel which is available in the territory of Hanoi and its adjacent for construction of project components. Machines used in construction shall be contracted with contractors who shall implement by themselves and have Certificates for affirming environmental standards. List of main construction machines, equipments No. Machine, equipment Unit Quantity Remark 1 25 ton crane Piece lit concrete mixer Mixer lit mortar mixer Mixer 3 4 Plate compactor Piece 2 5 Small crane Piece 2 6 Pocker vibrator piece 5 7 Soil compactor Piece 4 8 Oil filter Piece 1 9 Electric welding machine Machine ton electric winch Piece ton oil jack Piece 1 12 Construction site truck Truck 2 PECC1 2

7 Main construction materials for construction No. Items of work Unit Quantity Remark 1 Cement kg Coarse sand m Aggregates 3 Fraction: 1x2 m Fraction: 2x4 m Rounded steel Φ < 18 kg Shaped steel kg Formwork timber m Brick piece Project construction schedule The schedule is proposed to carry out the project as below: No. Implementation schedule Time 1 Preparation of Technical Design and profesional reports Dec Preparation of Bidding Document 1st Quarter Preparationg of Construction Drawing for noneequipment component 2nd Quarter Breaking ground ceremony 3rd quarter Prepare Construction Drawing for equipment related component 4th Quarter Connection, operation 2nd Quarter Total investment capital According to Feasibility Study (FS) document of the project which was prepared by PECC1 in November 2012, total investment capital for the 220kV Dong Anh substation was: Vndong. From what mentioned above, it can be said that period for compensation and land PECC1 3

8 acquisition, for construction and installation of the 220kV Dong Anh substation shall be about 12 months. 2. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS CAUSED BY PROJECT CONSTRUCTION 2.1. Pre-construction stage Selection of 220kV Dong Anh substation position This place was approved by Architectureal Planning Department of Ha noi City in Document number 4130/QHKT-HTKT, dated 14/12/2010. (Details see in drawing Appendices - Drawings) Impact to society, environment due to layout clearance The 220kV Dong Anh substation is located on territory of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune and Ha Phong village, Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi. The project affected land area will be limited to agricultural land area of some households only, not to any residential houses nor public works available in the area. a. Affected land area Total land area required for construction of the 220kV Dong Anh substation is approximately m 2. Land area affected by the project is agricultural land for paddy rice cultivation. b. Project affected houses, properties, public works and infrastructures Construction of the substation shall not affect, remove any houses, tombs of people or any public works (schools, offices, pagoda, temple, power station, pipeline of telephone line etc., ) or historical relics, sightseeing places Construction stage a. Impact from dust and exhausted gas a1- Dust from spreading, leveling, backfilling construction site and removing overburden from transporting excavated material from transporting construction materials to the project site a2- Exhausted gas From vehicles transporting sand, soil and construction materials From vehicles and machines constructing the project The above mentioned impacts are unavoidable in any construction activities. Nevertheless, the project owner will adopt mitigation measures in order to minimize factors causing environmental pollution in project area. b. Project impacts to environment by wastes during construction b1- Waste water from construction PECC1 4

9 During the construction stage, water is seldom used. It is used only for mixing concrete or mortar. b.2- Solid wastes from construction Amount of waste construction material created during construction shall be about 0.1% total amount of raw construction materials ( tons ), equivalent to tons or 90.7 kg/day. c. Wastes from workers camp c1- Domestic waste water In this report, the environmental impacts caused by living activities of workers in the camp will be assessed for period when number of workers living there are maximum (150 people). The standard water supply during this period will be 150 lit/person/day. So the waste water amount will be 80% of supplied water: 100 littes/person/day x 150 people x 80% = littes/day equivalent to m 3 /day. Waste water before being released to the general waste water system, it will be treated by means of septic tank system so pollution will be minimized. Otherwise, contractor shall hire local labour, self-sufficient of living area so waste water volume will be reduced remarkably. c2- Domestic wastes The waste created factor applied to workers is estimated to be 0.5 kg/person/day. Taking into account the number of workers available at the site to be 50 people, then volume of domestic wastes will be: 75 kg/day. Though amount of this waste type is unremarkable but since it is easily to be disintegrated so there will be high possibility of making pollution to the air, surface and underground water environmental in case of overflowing on disposal area if the waste is not collected and treated promptly. c3- Fecal waste If case 0.3 kg/person/day of fecal waste is created by a person on average, there will be about 45kg/day of this waste created a day. Facilities to treat thoroughly this matter shall be constructed to protect environment in project area and its adjacent. Mobile toilets shall be put into usage. d. Harmful waste Toxic wastes comprise: oil/grease discharged from construction machine, battery, exhausted battery box, fluorecent bulbs, rags with full of oil, grease, exhausted oil (resulted from maintenance activities). If this very harmful waste amount not being collected, reserved and treated in compliance with regulation it shall cause badly pollution to soil, water and ecosystem in the project area and its adjacent. The amount of this harmful waste shall be contracted by the Owner with the agency who authorised for collecting and treating Non-relating waste impacts a. Noise and vibration PECC1 5

10 This kind of impact originates from activities and operation of various kinds of machines on site. In fact, the noise impacts created by machine and vehicles on site will be reduced by distance from source. Only construction workers shall be affected directly from noises of machine, vehicles at the construction site. From above material and in actual comparison at the project area shown that the noise and vibration shall affect directly to workers and local resident who live nearby the project area. b. Soil erosion As the substation locates nearby paddy cultivated field area with flat terrace, therefore erosion on surface when it rains is very small. c. Affect to ecological environment By the time of site investigation (June 2013) the 220kV Dong Anh substation locates on the area where the cultivated land area has been harvested. In general, impact from construction of the 220kV Dong Anh substation project to creature natural resources in the region is unremarkable. d. Impact to socio-economic environment in the region - Create job opportunities to local resident; - Loss productive land of some people there - Disease spreading from workers to local resident and vice versa - Community health - Causing community conflict, increase possibility of social evils - Labor safety, fire, explosion risk - Impact to public transportation - Impact to military zone and cultural-historical relics 2.3. Operation stage Waste related impacts a. Waste from living area of operators, staffs a1- Domestic waste water Operation of the 220kV Dong Anh substation will result domestic waste water. As has been estimated in chapter 3, amount of domestic wasted water created during this stage is estimated to be litters/day (2.73 m 3 /day). This volume of domestic wasted water will be collected into septic tank and subjected to biological treatment (self disintegration, decantation) before being discharged to the general drainage system in the region. a2- Domestic wasted solid Domestic waste Amount of domestic waste created by operational staff during this stage is estimated to be 0.5 PECC1 6

11 kg/person/day x 26 people = 13 kg/day. Fecal waste If a person on average creates 0.3 kg of fecal waste a day, there will be about 7.8 kg of this waste created a day. Volume of this waste type is evaluated as not so much, and it will be collected and treated by septic tank (self disintegration, decantation) and will be collected by the domestic waste collecting system in the region. b. Harmful waste b1- From domestic waste Domestic waste of this type comes from replacing lighting bulbs. It is estimated that about 109 bulbs will be replaced (equivalent to about 22kg). In addition, harmful waste can be from damaged battery box, fuse, other toxic matters such as: battery of the lamp, battery of phone etc., estimated approximately to be 5 kg/an. b2- Waste water after fire-fighting Waste water after fire fighting activity is available only in case if transformer is on fire, the amount of this waste water will depend on characteristic and extent of the fire event None- waste impacts a. Noises and vibration Construction period lasts not for long therefore noises and vibration will be a short-term impact and will be mitigated when reasonable mitigation measures are applied. b. Impacts to health by electric field It can be said that impacts caused by operation of the Dong Anh substation is unremarkable and locally. c. Impacts to ecological environment When the 220kV Dong Anh substation is under operation, it will cause no impact to ecological environment Impact by environmental risk and failure During pre-construction and construction stages Environmental risks and failure may occur during pre-construction and construction stages, including: labor accident, fire, explosion, natural disaster During operation stage - Electric shock, fire, explosion, due to some technical issues. Some failures may occur to the transformer under operation due to main reasons as below: - Breaking down by design defects - Breaking down due to bad effective manufacturing. - Breaking down due to materials defects - Negative operational situations. - Improper habits in maintenance PECC1 7

12 -Natural disaster. 3. NEGATIVE IMPACTS PREVENTIVE, MITIGATION MEASURES TO ENVIRONMENT 3.1. Pre-construction stage Compensation to affected households The Project Owner shall carry out compensation, allowance and resettlement to PAH. Compensation for damage, loss shall be proper, legislative followed, and satisfied with whom who are affected, loss their produced land. The Project Owner shall cooperate with Land acquisition committee of Hanoi city, of Dong Anh district to implement Government policy on compensation, land acquisition to ensure life of PAH will be soon stable Construction stage Waste related sources a. Air pollution mitigation Means of transport shall be forced to have operational Certificate of Vietnam Registration Department, with confirmation on standard for exhausted gas. Trucks transporting soil, sand, cement, disposal rock to specified disposal area or transporting construction materials to the site shall have cover sheet to cover the whole body to minimize dropping of materials, sand, soil and by that preventing dust spreaded into environment. All means of transport shall minimize their engine operation while stopping for materials unloading. In addition, to protect health of construction workers, it s necessary to equip safety working clothing, face-mask for workers who are working at the site to prevent from dust. Water is sprayed to moist the road surface and project area to limit dust scattering. b. Mitigation measure for waste pollution in construction Waste water during construction Every safety regulations on machine, construction vehicles, equipment shall be applied to minimize oil, lubrication and grease leakage during construction period. Solid waste during construction Collecting, recycling, selling for junk (box, timber planks, cement s bags, pieces of steel etc.,.). A part of such wastes shall be contracted with functional agency to transport to specified disposal areas, while the other part shall be reused for ground preparation, or dumping on road surface etc,... c. Waste from worker camp c1- Domestic waste water and fecal waste Domestic waste water and fecal waste resulted from workers shall be collected and treated at movable WCs which are provided at the site properly. PECC1 8

13 Waste from movable WC shall be collected and treated periodically by a hired functional agency on the locality. During construction period, the movable WC shall be provided in the project area, far from worker camp, far from surface water source to minimize impact to water environment in case of leakage and shall be located considering wind direction. c2- Domestic waste Domestic waste resulted from worker camp shall be collected into specialized tanks with cover. The Contractor shall sign a contract with urban environmental hygiene agency in locality for collecting, treating domestic waste. Workers in the unit are educated to aware on keeping clean, hygiene and protecting environment. d. Harmful waste d1- From construction activity Harmful waste is classified, collected and kept by barrel with cover and a functional agency for proper treatment. Signing contract with functional agency to collect, transport and treat in accordance with regulations. d2- From living activity in worker camp This harmful waste amount shall be collected, maintained and treated in association with exhausted oil from construction machines mentioned above, following regulation None-waste related sources a. Noise and vibration mitigation measures The simple and effective measure to reduce noise impact to health is to arrange construction time reasonably. Using specialized vehicles types and maintaining them periodically. Checking noisy level, vibration level during construction time, from that putting out reasonable construction time table to affirm the noisiness is within allowable limit. Using equipment that generating noise, vibration with low level and shall have licence from register agency (specifying on allowable noisy level). b. Erosion, landslides mitigation measures Applying measures such as building a protective piles wall surround substation area before excavating the overburden layer and dumping soil and sand for ground preparation to prevent erosion or sliding from happening which will impact to crops of local resident. c. Eco-system mitigation measures It is not allowed to approach to vegetation beyond area where compensation for land acquisition has been performed for project construction. Upon completion of project component where land is temporarily used, it shall be returned to local authority promptly and vegetation on such land area shall be recovered if PECC1 9

14 necessary. d. Cultural, socio-economic mitigation measures in project area d1- Mitigation measures for temporarily acquired land Access roads existing in the region shall be used for hauling of construction materials and other equipment. d2- Traffic safety and traffic jam mitigation measures Project owner and contractors shall arrange time, traffic on the road route reasonably during transporting materials serving for construction. d3- Mitigation measures for social impacts caused by workers Contractors shall be advised to employ local residents to minimize as far as possible number of those from other locals looking for job opportunities. In case if worker camp is located closely to local resident, Contractors shall coordinate with local authority to manage strictly workers in camp. e. Measure to affirm labor safe for workers On construction area, the Project Management Board shall assign staffs to monitor safety issues. Training programs on safety for workers and project staff shall be organized regularly Mitigation measures during operational stage Waste related impacts a. Waste from workers and operators a1- Domestic wastes and fecal wastes Domestic wastes and fecal wastes shall be collected into septic tank (sufficient in scale and environmental technique). Substation operating agency shall contract with urban environmental agency in the area to dredge WC septic tank in the substation periodically and treat environment in the same manner as the functional agency perform. a2- Domestic waste This type of solid domestic waste will be collected by means of trash cans with cover, which are located in office rooms and at the end of the day, such a waste will be collected by the environmental hygiene system available in the commune territory. b. Harmful waste Harmful wastes such as: rags used to clean oil, grease, amount of exhausted oil after maintaining periodically, repairing transformer shall be collected into the can, specialized boxes with cover and labeled for warning. These amount of waste shall be put carefully in warehouse with cover, free from water before being delivered to treat. c. Controlling emergency spilling oil Emergency oil (if have) will be collected in to oil pit and flow in oil pipe to emergency oil tank arranged in substation. According to standard emergency oil tank shall contain oil volume of one equipment with the largest oil volume None- waste related impacts a. Transformer noise and vibration mitigation measures PECC1 10

15 Regularly inspecting, periodically maintaining machines, equipment to affirm that machine are always in good operation situation. b. Electric field mitigation measures To affirm absolutely safety for local resident and operators, the TL shall be designed in compliance with height, safety distance following Decree No: 106/2005/NĐ-CP dated 17/08/2005 of the Government on electric safety. c. Protection of right of way of the substation Right of way of the 220kV Dong Anh substation shall comply with regulation at Decree number 106/2005/NĐ-CP dated 17/8/ PREVENTATIVE MEASURES AND PREPAREDNESS PLAN 4.1. Pre-construction, construction stages - Control oil spilling emergency According to basis design of the FS of substation, the project shall construct sump to collect oil spilling surround foundation, emergency oil (if have) will be collected in oil sump or oil tank located right in the substation. According to regulation, emergency oil collected sump shall have capacity to contain oil volume of one equipment that has maximum oil volume. Besides, operational unit shall inspect, maintain regularly oil collection system so that this system is in good operation when necessary. Accident during construction Rules of working safety shall be popularized to all and every workers working on site. Working safety shall be trained and working safety cloth shall be equipped. The local clinic shall be co-operated for the first aid services in case happening working accident. The working site shall be provided with fence for isolation and protective purposes. Warning signs shall be installed and furnished at working site. Truck, car, vehicles in and out the working site shall be controlled suitably to prevent traffic jam and traffic accident from happening. Explosion and electric shock mitigation measures The working safety rules shall be posted right at the substation gate. Local authority shall be cooperated to popularizing working safety rules. Working safety in terms of fire prevention and fighting shall be ensure by equipping fire extinguishers and tools on site and in worker camp. Regulations and procedures of electric equipment installation and operation shall be strictly obey. Inspection and maintenance to construction vehicles, fire extinguishers and tools shall be performed regularly. Natural disasters Construction shall be absolutely prohibited in rainy days, flooding days to avoid any sliding and erosion. The contractor shall be ready himself by a prepared plan in case of storm and/or flood happening, in which procedures and steps of vacuating workers, staff, employees and vehicles to a safe, dry place shall be stipulated and described Operation stage PECC1 11

16 Electric shock Operator shall obey absolutely regulations, processes in erection and operation of electric devices, training programs on electric safety, fire and explosion preventative... shall be organized Risk of fire, electric detonation and conflagration Cooperating with fire fighting agency to train safe work, fire fighting for operator. The local fire prevention and fighting agency shall be cooperated to provide training on such issues to operators, staff and employees. Inspection and maintenance to transformers shall be regularly performed to ensure the equipments are always under good operation conditions. Technical faults In case if technical failure and malfunction happen, it shall be reported promptly to dispatch staff for proper settlement and direction. 5. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PROGRAM Environmental management for projects shall comply with law on environmental protection of Vietnam, each impact and each kind of project have different environmental management content. Based on project construction activities, impacts to environment and issues on environmental protection during pre-construction, construction and operation stages of the project. Content of environmental management is refered to Table 5.1 of Chapter 5. The environment will be monitored during construction and operation stages in order to minimize potential impacts caused by the project to natural environment and to local resident living in the area. The program is established to supervise wastes and none-wastes impacts which are potentially created during construction and operation stages. Content of environmental monitoring is in the following table: PECC1 12

17 Content of Environmental monirtoring of 220kV Dong Anh Substation No. CONTENTS No.of substation Monitoring quantity and point Monitoring frequency/time Implemented by 1 Construction time of the project a Air quality and noise 04 Residential area (01); Project layout (01); Traffic road (02) b Water quality 02 Camping area (01); Project layout (01) c d e f Solid waste Harmful waste Compensation - resettlement of affected households Preparing report of monitoring result Project area Project area On affected land area Project layout Camping area + warehouse/storage area Whole project 01 Reporting Hanoi City People's Committee 03 months/time Project Owner Natural Resources & Environmental (12 months) Department of Hanoi 03 months/time Project Owner Natural Resources & Environmental (12 months) Department of Hanoi Project Owner 12 months Natural Resources & Environmental Department of Hanoi Project Owner Natural Resources & Environmental 12 months Department of Hanoi Governments at all levels in Dong Anh district and related agencies: During the - Lam Thuy Commune People s Committee, construction Lien Ha Commune People s Committee. time to - The other related organization (Council of complete the Layout Clearance, compensation - project resettlement at all levels, other social organizations) 4 times Project Owner (12 months) PECC1 14

18 No. CONTENTS No.of substation Monitoring quantity and point Monitoring frequency/time Implemented by 2 Operation time a Wastewater 02 b c d The electric field intensity Harmful waste Reporting the monitoring results Residential area near substation sensitive area of substation In substation and residential area with resident Periodic monitoring 01 Reporting 3 months/time (*) During the operation time During the operation time 6 months/time During the operation time Project operation agency (PTC1) (*) when having complaint - (PTC1) immediately organize to add monitoring plan and technical treatment under Decree 81/ND- CP dated 12 th Oct 2009 and Circular 03/2010/TT-BCT dated 22 nd Oct 2010 Project operation agency (PTC1) Natural Resources & Environmental Department of Hanoi Project operation agency (PTC1) 6. CONCLUSIONS 220kV Dong Anh substation construction project is needed, it is proposed to put into operation in 2015 to meet the load growing demand of Hanoi especially is load of Dong Anh, Soc Son and some loads in area of Bac Giang province and Bac Ninh province (in report of the project). Northern Power Projects Management Board is representative of Project Owner committed to implement mitigation measures of the impacts described in Chapter 4 and is committed to implement measures, general provisions on the environment protection related to project implementation process and construction PECC1 15

19 PREFACE 1. PROJECT BACKGROUND Hanoi is located in the center of the Red River Delta adjacent to 8 provinces : Thai Nguyen, Vinh Phuc at North, Bac Giang at North-East, Bac Ninh, Hung Yen at East, Ha Nam at South, Hoa Binh at the South- West, Phu Tho at West. Commercial energy in 2009 all over the city reached billion kwh, increasing % in comparing with Growth rate of commercial energy in period and period was % and % respectively. Currently, Hanoi City is being supplied power from the power plants and 500/220kV substation, power line of the North Power System. Hanoi is supplied power from eight 220/110kV substations in the area with total capacity of 3625MVA and 220/11kV Pho Noi substation- 375MVA that supplying a part of power for the city (3 substations 250MVA Thanh Cong, 250MVA An Duong and 250MVA Van Tri have not been operated). 220kV line on the city of Hanoi is almost double circuit line, wires AC500, 400, 300. Conductor type applied the old Soviet standards so allowable over current is less. Actually, operation shows that 220kV line from Hoa Binh to Hanoi supplied power for Hanoi used conductor AC500 but in some times in 2009 it is still overloaded. Construction of 220kV Dong Anh substation is an indispensable need to reduce the load for substations supplying power for Hanoi area. This is a new construction project. In the period the substation is proposed to be scale of two 2x250MVA transformers (first transformer will be put into operation in 2014, the second transformer will be installed in the period ) and having redundant land to install 3rd transformer at the substation after 2030 depending on load growth of Dong Anh district and schedule to put 220kV Dong Anh substation 2, Dong Anh substation 3, Soc Son 2, Soc Son 3,... into operation Agency to approve Feasibility Study (*) The Feasibility Study of 220kV Dong Anh substation is owned by EVN National Power Transmission Co-orperation (EVNNPT). 1.3 Relationship of Project with Comprehensive Development Plan (*) New investment and cosntruction of 220kV Dong Anh substation to joint 220kV Dong Anh substation into a position suitable with National Master Development Plan in period with prospective to 2030 that approved by Governmental Prime Minister in Decision number 1208/QĐ-TTg dated 21/7/2011 and Power Development Plan of Hanoi city in period with prospective to 2020 appoved by MOIT in Decision number 4351/QĐ-BCT dated 29/8/2011. Related projects: PECC1 16

20 The project of 500kV Dong Anh substation and connection will occupy area of m 2, will be performed in the following time, owned by EVNNPT who is project owner when its construction is completed, it will be operated together with 220kV Dong Anh substation. 110kV Connection (4 circuits) is owned by EVNNPC. Compensation, layout clearance of whole 500/200kV Dong Anh substation area including layout of 110kV substation for connecntion are implemented. Scope and main technical solutions of 110kV substation for connection will be connected and supplied by EVNHANOI. 110kV connection (2 circuits) is owned by Hanoi Power Company (EVNHANOI). Basing on layout handed over by EVNNPT, EVNHANOI will have responsibility to invest and construct 110kV substation for connection and supply. 500/220kV Hiep Hoa Dong Anh - Bac Ninh 2 transmission line is owned by ENVPT that is under document preparation to borrow loan. New built sub-projects 220kV Dong Anh substation and 500kV Dong Anh substation are project under loan of WB so implementation of these projects shall conform to social and environmental safety policies related to WB. In following one or two years there is not any project except these two projects. 2. LEGAL AND TECHNICAL BASES FOR PROJECT PERFORMANCE 2.1. Legal bases The Environment Impact Assessment report of 220kV Dong Anh substation project was prepared on basic of: - Law of Land in 2003 Socialist Republic of Vietnam, came into effective from 01/07/2004 which was issued through National Assembly of 9 session 26/11/ Law of Electricity in 2004 Socialist Republic of Vietnam, came into effective from 03/12/ Law of Environment Protection of Socialist Republic of Vietnam, was approved by National Assembly XI course, 8th session on 29th Nov Law of Water Resources number 17/2012/QH13 of National Assembly of Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 3rd session was approved on 21/6/ The law adjusting and supplementing some provisions of Electricity law passed by National Assembly of Socialist Republic of Vietnam on 20/11/ Decree number 149/2004/NĐ-CP dated 27/7/2004 of Government on licensing for exploration, exploitation and use of water resources, discharge of wastewater into water source; - Decree number 197/2004/NĐ-CP dated 03/12/2004 of Government on " Compensation, support and resettlement when the State recovers land. - Decree number 106/2005/NĐ-CP dated 17/8/2005 from the Government on executing some articles of Law of Electricity on protecting high voltage network. PECC1 17

21 solid waste. - Decree number 59/2007/NĐ-CP dated 9th Apr 2007 of Government on managing - Decree number 81/2009/NĐ-CP dated 12th Oct 2009 of Government on amending and supplementing a number of articles of Decree 06/2005/ND-CP dated August 17, 2005 of Government detailing and guiding the implementation of some articles of Electricity Law on safety protection of the high-voltage network. - Decree number 29/2011/NĐ- dated 18th April 2011 from the Government regulating on strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment, and environment protection commitment. - Circular number 06/TT-BCN dated 26/9/2006 on guiding to implement Decree 106/2005/NĐ-CP. - Circular number 16 and 25/TT-MoRE on promulgating national technical regulations. - Circular number 03/2010/TT-BCT dated January 22nd, 2010 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade on regulating some contents about safety protection for grid. - Circular 18/2010/TT-BXD dated 15/10/2010 of Ministry of Construction on the application of regulations and standards in construction activities - Circular number 12/2011/TT-MORE dated 14 th April 2011 from Environment and Natural Resources Ministry on harmful waste management. - Circular number 26/2011/TT-MORE dated dated 18/07/2011 from Environment and Natural Resources Ministry on regulating in details some articles of Decree number 29/2011/NĐ-CP dated 18 th April 2011 from the Government regulating on strategic environmental assessment, environmental protection commitment. - Circular 28/2011/MORE issued in 08/11/2011 of Environment and Natural Resources Ministry on stipulates environmental monitoring process for surrounding air and noise - Circular 29/2011/MORE issued in 08/11/2011 of Environment and Natural Resources Ministry on stipulates environmental monitoring process of continental surface water. - Circular 30/2011/MORE issued in 08/11/2011 of Environment and Natural Resources Ministry on stipulating environmental monitoring process of groundwater - Decision number 12/2008/QĐ-BCT of Ministry of Industry and Trade dated June 17th, 2008 on promulgating national standard on electrical safety - Decision number 68/2008/QĐ-BLĐTBXH dated 28 th Dec 2008 of Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs issued a list of equipment, personal protective equipment for workers who employed, work involving dangerous and hazardous factor. - Decision number 16/2008/QĐ-MoRE dated 31 st Dec 2008 of Environment and Natural Resources Ministry on promulgating the National Technical Regulation on environment PECC1 18

22 - Decision number 35/2010/QĐ-UBND dated 16/08/2010 of Hanoi City People's Committee on issuing exploitation license and discharge of wastewater into water source in the area of Hanoi. - Decision number 878/QĐ-TCMT of Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment on issuing guideline handbook to calculate air quality index (AQI), dated 01/7/ Decision number 16/2013/QĐ-UBND dated 03/6/2013 stipulating on management of conventional solid waste in territory of Hanoi city. - Document number 4130/QHKT-HTKT dated 14/12/2010 from Hanoi Architecture Master Plan Department on location of 500/220/110kV Dong Anh substation. - Document number 332/SCT-QLĐN dated 14/02/2011 from Hanoi Industry and Trade Department on location of 500/220/110kV Dong Anh substation. - Document number 0476/NPT-KH dated 09/3/2011 from National Power Transmission Corporation on handing over management task and implementing consultancy of Feasibility Studies for 500/220kV Dong Anh and 500/220kV Hanoi West substations. - Document number 3431/UBND-CT dated 11/05/2011 from Hanoi People s Committee on agreement on location of 500/220/110kV Dong Anh substation. - Document number 1758/BTL dated 03/11/2011 of Command Ministry of Hanoi on sweeping mines and explosive material for the project " 500kV Dong Anh Substation and connection - Decision number 1299/EVNNPT dated 02/11/2012 of National Power Transmission Corporation on approving, adjusting Feasibility Study for 220kV Dong Anh Substation and branch 2.2. Technical base applied in report - QCVN 01:2008/MoIT- National Technical Rule on electricity safety. - QCVN 03:2008/MORE- National Technical Rule on allowable limit of heavy metal in soil. - QCVN 08:2008/MoRE National Technical Rule on surface water quality. - QCVN 09:2008/MoRE National Technical Rule on undergound water quality. - QCVN 14:2008/MoRE - National Technical Rule on waste water from living activities. - QCVN 05:2009/MoRE - National Technical Rule on air quality. - QCVN 06:2009/MoRE - National Technical Rule on some matters in the air - QCVN 07:2009/ MoRE - National Technical Rule on harmful waste limit. - QCVN 19:2009/ MoRE -National Technical Rule on industrial emission for dust and inorganic matters. - QCVN 26:2010/ MoRE -National Technical Rule on noise. - QCVN 27:2010/ MoRE -National Technical Rule on vibration. - TCVN : Cubicle of complete electrical distribution equipment and entire substation; PECC1 19

23 - TCVN : Solid electrical insulating materials, test methods, standard condition of ambient environment and sample preparation - TCVN : Solid electrical insulating materials, method of determining electrical durability with voltage AC and industrial frequency TCVN : Warning signs of electrical safety; TCVN 3259: Transformer and reactor wire - Safety Requirements - TCVN 6705:2009/MORE Normal solid waste. - TCVN 6706:2009/MORE - Classification of harmful waste. - TCVN 6707:2009/MORE - harmful waste Warning, prevention signs. - Decision number 1299/QĐ-EVN-NPT, dated 02/11/2012 of National Power Transmission Corporation on approving, adjusting FS if 220kV Dong Anh Substation and branch. World Bank Safeguard Policies Apply to the Subproject: An environmental and social screening of the subproject was undertaken in line with the OP 4.01 and it showed that the World Bank s policies on Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01), and Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) will be triggered for the subproject. The screening has also resulted in categorizing the subproject as a Category B project. In addition, the Bank s requirements on public consultation and information disclosure will need to be followed. Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01): Environmental Assessment (EA) is an umbrella policy for the Bank s safeguard policies. The overarching objective is to ensure that Bank-financed projects are environmentally sound and sustainable, and that decision-making is improved through appropriate analysis of actions and of their likely environmental impacts. The EA process is intended to identify, avoid and mitigate potential impacts of Bank operations. EA takes into account the natural environment (air, water, and land); human health and safety; social aspects (involuntary resettlement, indigenous peoples, and physical cultural resources); and transboundary and global environmental aspects. EA considers natural and social aspects in an integrated way. This subproject triggers OP 4.01 because it involves the construction and operation of a high-voltage substation and connecting overhead transmission lines, requiring the identification, mitigation and monitoring of potential adverse environmental and social impacts. As required by OP 4.01, the subproject prepared an EIA and an EMP that meet the Government s and the World Bank s safeguards requirements. By the TEP appraisal, the draft subproject EIA and EMP were disclosed locally at the project site and the Bank s InfoShop in Washington DC on January 24, 2014 as required by OP 4.01 and the Bank s policy on access to information. The final subproject EIA and EMP were disclosed locally at the subproject sites, at the Bank s InfoShop, and the Vietnam Development Information Center on April 18, Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) The Involuntary Resettlement policy seeks to prevent severe long-term hardship, impoverishment, and environmental damage to the affected peoples during involuntary resettlement. OP 4.12 applies whether or not affected persons must move to another location. The Bank describes all these processes and outcomes as involuntary resettlement, or simply PECC1 20

24 resettlement, even when people are not forced to move. Resettlement is involuntary when the government has the right to expropriate land or other assets and when affected people do not have the option to retain the livelihood situation that they have. This policy is triggered because the subproject it would have impacts involving the temporary and permanent involuntary taking of land and the loss of structures and assets associated with the land for the construction of the substation and the associated connecting line. By appraisal, the subproject has prepared and disclose the draft RP locally at the project site and the Bank s InfoShop in Washington DC on January 24, The RP includes the measures to ensure that displaced people are: (i) informed about the options regarding resettlement; (ii) consulted and offered alternative resettlement choices; and (iii) provided with effective compensation and livelihood restoration. The final subproject RP was disclosed locally at the subproject sites, at the Bank s InfoShop, and the Vietnam Development Information Center on April 18, World Bank Group Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines World Bank-financed projects should also take into account the World Bank Group 1 Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines (known as the "EHS Guidelines"). The EHS Guidelines are technical reference documents with general and industry-specific examples of Good International Industry Practice. The EHS Guidelines contain the performance levels and measures that are normally acceptable to the World Bank Group and are generally considered to be achievable in new facilities at reasonable costs by existing technology. The environmental assessment process may recommend alternative (higher or lower) levels or measures, which, if acceptable to the World Bank, become project- or site-specific requirements. This subproject should conform the Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution and the General EHS Guidelines.The Sub-project has been categorized by World Bank as a Category B project Documents, data sources prepared by Project Owner used during preparation of EIA report - 220kV Dong Anh Substation- Adjusted Feasibily Study (new position): Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 1 (PECC1) was prepared in December 2013 with following parts. - Part I: Report Adjusted technical measures (Report + Drawing) - Part II: Adjusted Total Investment - Status report of environmental sample and file of environmental analysis results (air, noise, soil sample, water sample in project area) - Project owner cooperates with Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC to implement. 3. METHODS APPLIED TO EIA REPORT 3.1. Method to Environmental Impact Assessment 1 The EHS Guidelines can be consulted at PECC1 21

25 The effects are divided by impact caused source related to waste, impact source not related to waste and forecasting risks and incidents. The used method of environmental impact assessment is divided into 2 groups: - Group of impact identification method - Group prediction assessment method Impacts identification method Method of check list shall be used to identify initial environment impacts. The check list presents relations between project s activities with environment parameters which could be affected by the project. This is one of basic methods of EIA, covers all of potential environment issues of project, allows preliminary assessment of the impacts and basic impacts orientation Forecast method of expert Basing on the experience of experienced experts. This method depends on the subjectivity and objectivity of expert Quick assessment method Rapid Assesment proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) is applied to assess the pollution volume of exhausted gas and waste water. Average reliability can be used to estimate volume when there is no condition for detailed calculation. Basing on the calculated results, the impacts are classified according to the degree of environmental impact Other methods Collecting data on natural, socio-economic environment and survey at site Field surveys shall be done at project site. Data is collected through field survey by questions, interviews... Data is also collected at the relevant agencies, opinion of experts is referred Field checking and laboratory analysis Natural geographical, socio-economic conditions, infrastructure... and the current state of environment in the project area are investigated. Measuring, sampling air, surface water, underground water, soil are done. Status is observed and intuitive comments of project site are recorded. Used method: water quality is checked in site visit/survey by inspection equipment. Air quality is checked during site survey by air analyzer. Noise is checked in site surveys of noise measuring machine. 4. AGENCY TO PREPARE EIA Report on environmental impact assessment of the project " 220 kv Dong Anh Substation" prepared by Power Engineering Consulting JSC 1 after the survey team was sent to study in the field. PECC1 22

26 4.1. Agency to prepare EIA Northern Power Project Management Board (NPPMB) is project owner of 220kV Dong Anh substation project. Project owner has cooperated with Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 1 to prepare Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIA). Main Consultant: Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 1 Representative: Mr. Nguyen Tai Son Position: General Director Address: km Nguyen Trai road - Thanh Xuan district Hanoi. Tel: Fax: After contract between Project Owner and Consultant (PECC1) was signed, Consultant together with Project Owner, co-ordinated with relative specialized organizations, site survey, sampling at project area and vicinity were done, Community consultationwas performed for Thuy Lam commune, Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh district as stipulated. After investigating at the site, data and materials processing, environmental samples and results synthetic, EIA report of 220kV Dong Anh substation is prepared. Content of the EIA report meets guidance of Circular number 26/3011/TT-MoRE dated July 18, 2011 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment stipulated in detail on a number of articles of Decree number 29/2011/ND- 04 CP dated 18 April 2011 of Government on regulation of strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment, environmental protection commitment. The specialized agencies have cooperated in the investigation, surveys at field, study project and EIA report are prepared. Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC JSC coordinates measuring, monitoring form of environment component at project site: air, water, soil. The relevant departments is under the People's Committee of Dong Anh District such as Thuy Lam commune, Lien Ha commune Participants in EIA report preparation Project Owner No. Name Profession/Position Agencies 1 Mr. Tran Quang Vinh Deputy Director Northern Power Project Management Board (NPPMB 2 Mr. Nguyen Van Hai Expert Northern Power Project 3 Mr. Nguyen Minh Phuc Consultant Deputy Manager of Technical Department Management Board (NPPMB Northern Power Project Management Board (NPPMB No. Name Profession/Position Agencies 1 Mr. Nguyen Tai Son General Director PECC1 PECC1 23

27 No. Name Profession/Position Agencies 2 Mr. Nguyen Van An 3 Mr. Nguyen Trung 4 Mr. Le Kim Anh Manager of Substation and Telecom Design Department Deputy Manager of Substation and Telecom Design Department Design Manger Manager of Environment Department PECC1 PECC1 PECC1 5 Ms. Cao Thi Thu Yen Master of Environment PECC1 6 Mr. Luu Quoc Viet Environmental Engineer PECC1 7 Ms.Hoang Thi Thu Ha Environmental Engineer PECC1 8 Ms.Vu Thi Doan Chief of Environmental Trang Engineer PECC1 9 Mr.Le Trung Dzung Deputy Director Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC 10 Mr.Nguyen Quoc Huy Technician Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC 11 Mr. Nguyen Duc Anh Technician Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC PECC1: Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 1 PECC1 24

28 Chapter 1. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION 1.1. PROJECT 220kV Dong Anh Substation 1.2. PROJECT OWNER The Northern Power Project Management Board (NPPMB) Representative of project owner: Mr. Phan Luong Thien Position: Director Address: 1111D, Hong Ha road, Hoan Kiem district Ha Noi Telephone: Fax: GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION Project position 220kV Dong Anh substation (herein and after refers to as the substation) will be constructed in paddy field of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, Ha Phong village, Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh district of Ha Noi city. - To the North, it borders with population of Huong Tram village- Thuy Lam commune. - To the West, it borders with inter-commune road of Xuan Non Thuy Lam. - To the South it is paddy field, further more is residential area of Ha Phong village, Lien Ha commune. - To the East it borders with the existing 110kV Dong Anh - Soc Son transmission line. Co-ordinate of land occupied limit of substation is as below: (*) PECC1 25

29 Symbol Vietnamese co-ordinate system VN-2000 B2 X= Y= B1 X= Y= A2 X= Y= A1 X= Y= X= Y= The substation location has been agreed in principle by the Department of Planning and Architecture of Ha Noi city in official letter number 4130/QHKT dated 14/12/2010. Project site Figure 1 The project location in Hanoi and surrounding areas PECC1 26

30 Positions of 500kV and 220kV Dong Anh substations PECC1 27

31 1.4. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Project purpose The 220kV Dong Anh Substation project satisfies the main targets: - growing load demand of the Northern National Power System particularly load demand in Dong Anh district, Soc Son district in Hanoi and some loads of Bac Ninh province and Bac Giang province. - creating strong connection between zones within the power system, enhance the safety and stable operation capability for national grid. - reducing energy loss in transmission network, increasing energy business, production efficiency of EVN Volume of work and scope of project components Decision Number 1299/EVN-NPT dated 02/11/2012 of National Power Transmission on adjustment of Pre-Feasibility Study of 220kV Dong Anh substation and branch. a. Substation * The capacity of substion: 220kV Đong Anh substation will be built with the capacity of 2x250MVA and land space for installation the third transformer at the substation. In this period, the first transformer AT1-250MVA is installed to put into operation in 2014, the second transformer is expected to be installed in period of Third transformer AT3 will be installed in stage * 220kV side: 220kV side is designed under double busbar diagram with transfer including the following bays: - 02 transformer bays 500kV-900MVA (the present time, equipment installation is done for 01 bay and in investment range of the project: 500kV Dong Anh Substation and connection line) - 03 transformer bays 220kV-250MVA (the present time, equipment installation is done for 01 bay) - 01 transfer bay (considered to install resistance limiting short circuit current) - 02 outgoing bays 500kV Hiep Hoa substation - 02 outgoing bays 220kV Long Bien substation - 04 incoming connection line bays in future * 110kV side: will be designed with two bus bar diagram with ring bus bar completely with 23 bays: kV transformer bays (in the present time 01 bay) kV-63MVA transformer bays (installing 01 transformer bay) - 01 transfer bay - 01 ring circuit bay - 06 outgoing bays PECC1 27

32 - 02 incoming bays to 110kV compensate capacity - 08 incoming bays 110kV connection line * 22kV side: - Auxiliary substation 22/0.4kV-560kVA is expected to be built to supply electricity for the construction of 220kV Dong Anh substation, then will to be used as a second auxiliary source at the substation. The substation is arranged in fence of operation management and shift rest area. - The swichgear is arranged outdoor. a1.2- Secondary part Control and protection equipment for substation are as below: - Control and protection equipment for four 220kV transmission lines. - Control and protection equipment for 220kV coupler bay. - Control and protection equipment for 220kV busbar. - Control and protection equipment for 220/110/22kV AT2 transformer. - Control and protection equipment for 110kV bay of AT2 transformer - Control and protection equipment for six 110kV transmission lines. - Control and protection equipment for 110kV transfer bay. - Control and protection equipment for 110kV coupler bay. - Control and protection equipment for 110kV busbar. - Equipment served for energy purchase b. 22kV TL supplying AC power for the substation Transmission line is 1453m long. Beginning point is connected from pile 208/31 Bay 480E1 of the existing 22kV Dong Anh - Thuy Lam TL, ending point is connected AC 22/0.4kV 560kVA substation in 220kV Dong Anh substation. The transmission line is cross rice field on territory of Thuy Lam commnune, Dong Anh District Construction method and volume of project Construction method In construction activity of 220kV Dong Anh substation will use cars from 12 cars and other motorbike. a. Soil Foundation leveling The excavator < 2.3 m 3 is used for removing the vegetation soil, and end-dump truck of 12 tons is used for transporting to disposal area with estimated distance of 25 km. 2.3 m 3 excavator.is used for excavating soil of substation foundation. Embanking ground: Bulldozer is used to leveling ground, soil compaction is done by 9- ton compactor. Embanking sand for ground leveling PECC1 28

33 Soil excavation of foundation Soil excavation for foundations of steel tower, transformer, emergency oil tank will be done by 0.4m 3 excavator combined with manual. Soil excavation in pile foundation, cable gutter, fence, road, water supply and drainage, foundation of functional room will be done by manual. Disposal soil/sand from foundation excavation of construction items of substation shall be moved to embanked place in substation by manual, its distance is estimated to be 100m b. Concrete Pre-cast concrete: pre-cast concrete elements will be placed at site. Local concrete work: local concrete work will be mixed by movable concrete mixer of 250 liters, compacted by machine combining with manual to get concrete compaction c. Reinforcement Reinforcement in pre-cast concrete and local concrete work shall be done at site. Steel structure: tower, beam, arm, supporting pole, cable support is made of local fabricated, galvanized shaped steel. Except pole of circuit breaker, support of disconnect which are imported. d. Formwork Formwork for concrete will use mainly wood formwork, manufactured at site workshop. e. Brick, rock masonry Mortar will be mixed by movable concrete mixer of 150liters, transported up by chain winch or conveyor f. Erection of fitting and equipment manually. Construction fittings: pre-cast concrete elements are mainly panels which are erected Steel structures: tower, arm, beam shall be assembled by manual, erected by crane and manual. Tower is assembled and erected manually. g. Hauling: Equipment hauling: equipment, transformer, electrical material shall be imported to Hai Phong port from where they will be transported by truck to substation with distance of 120km. Hauling of construction material: local construction material will be transported to the site by truck with average distance of 20km Construction volume a. Civil works 220kV Dong Anh substation shall be built with size appropriate with 220kV Dong PECC1 29

34 Anh substation in this stage and in consideration with coupling with the 500kV switchyard in later stage. The land occupied area of 220kV Dong Anh substation and access road: m 2. (land occupied area of 500kV switchyard in later stage is m 2 ) Leveling solution: Ground elevation of substation is selected at location where access road is lowest being 6.4m, average elevation is 6.8m (based on National Standard Elevation). + Planned average elevation of this area is m. + Submerged elevation with the deepest level measured in 2008 is 5.54 m. Materials used to leveling ground of substation are sand, soil. In this stage ground of 220kV Dong Anh substation is leveled, 500kV Dong Anh substation is not leveled so at the boundary between the two substations, soil dike is embanked equal to ground leveling elevation of substation, crest width of dike is 2m wide, dike foot is 9m in average. Vegetation removal volume: m 3 Sand volume to embank substation ground: m 3 3 Soil volume to embank substation ground: m Construction material and ground leveling will be bought by Project Owner in the local shop that has bussiness license (*). Retaining wall by rubble (3m height in average): 1.290m (including rubble wall around the 500kV switchyard). Functional houses are built to serve for management and operation + Central control house : (26.5 x 15.0) m + Control, guard house- 220kV& 110kV : (8.4 x 4.0) m + Rest house for shifts : (32.4 x 11.30) m + Fire-fighting pump station : (7.2 x 4.5) m + Receiption house : (6.0 x 3.6) m + Car park : (5.5 x 7.0) m Constructing water supply and drainage system Constructing and installing fire-fighting, preventation system Access road: Turning from inter-commune asphalt road of Lien Ha - Thuy Lam. This inter-commune road is now asphalt-chipping road with average width of 3.5m. This road is being constructed, improved and adjusted for straight north-south direction (according FS report) Labor demand: The labor demand is determined by the volume of work, construction method and the current labor norms (construction phase is expected to be approximately 150 persons participating in construction) Construction volume of project components is in the following table: PECC1 30

35 Table 1.1 Main construction components of substation No. Project components Unit Qty Notes I Civil works 1 Ground leveling Vegetation soil excavation 3 m ,1 Embanking sand to substation foundation 3 m ,7 Embanking soil to substation foundation 3 m 8.079,8 2 Foundation excavation, embankment 3 - Soil excavation m ,4 3 - Soil embankment m ,4 3 Asphalted concrete road 2 m 7.062,6 4 Concrete works - Local placed concrete m - Pre-cast concrete m 5 Steel works ,5 161,9 - Steel for concrete ton - Local galvanized steel ton - Electric welded steel ton 6 Construction, plaster - Constructing brick wall m - Coating wall, floor m - Paving m ,9 0,4 31,2 921, , ,8 Source: adjusted FS of 220kV Dong Anh substation, PECC1, 12/2013 b. Structural solution for outdoor civil work Transformer foundation - The transformer foundation will have dimension of 15x11.6m. Foundation plate will have dimension of 7x4m made by reinforced concrete with strength B15 (M200) aggregate 2x4 placed locally, bedding to foundation is placed by concrete M100 of 100mm thick.. - The oil pit bottom is constructed by concrete M150 aggregate 2x4 with thickness of 150, sloping to the oil drainage pipe. - Wall surrounding oil pit transformer is made by brick M75 with cement mortar M50, plaster inside and outside is cement mortar M50, thickness of 15. PECC1 31

36 Tower and conductor cross arm - All of tower and conductor cross arm at 220kV side are made of shaped zinc galvanized steel, height of tower is 22 m and 11m. - All of tower and conductor cross arm at 110kV side are made of shaped zinc galvanized steel, height of tower is H=15m and H=8m. - Foundation of tower is placed locally by concrete with strength B15 (M200), reinforcement AI and AII. Structure of foundation in same massive with beam system and 4 supporting legs. Foundation is embedded with bolts to connect with steel tower. Supporting pole and equipment foundation - All of supporting poles to equipment shall be manufactured by shaped galvanized steel, connected by bolts. Manufactured poles have good force bearing capacity, favorable in manufacture, structural erection. - Height of poles suits with equipment in substation and shall ensure safety distance under regulations on management and operation. - The pole foundation is placed locally by concrete with strength B15 (M200), reinforcement AI and AII.. Structure of foundation in same massive with beam system and 4 supporting legs. Foundation is embedded with bolts to connect with steel tower. Cable trench system - Trench for controlling cable and power cable trench: underground cable trench, with dimension of 1150m with depth of mm in comparing with foundation leveling elevation, cable trench is 650mm wide with depth of mm in comparing with foundation leveling elevation, 400 wide cable trench has depth of mm in comparing with foundation leveling elevation, steel cable tray is located directly on cable trench. Above cable trenches are closed by reinforced concrete panels with strength of B20 (M250), thickness of 60mm. - The cable trench is placed locally with concrete strength of B15 (M200), aggregate 1x2. Bottom of cable trench is sloped by 0.5% toward cable trench crossing road and drain water via pits along road. - Cable frame, trench are connected to general earthing system of substation. Civil solutions for controlling house. Central control house is a 2 floor one with size of 26.5m x 15.0m including rooms herein: First floor: + Control room with dimension of 7.4m x 9.0m, computer, power meter cabinet are located. + AC/DC and information rooms with size of 11.1m x 5.7m where auxiliary power and information cubicles are arranged. + Battery room with size of 11.4m x 5.5m arranges batteries for substation. Second floor: PECC1 32

37 + Room of substation chief with size of 3.7m x 5.7m + Canteen with size of 3.7m x 5.7m + Warehouse with size of 3.8m x 5.5m + Technical room with size of 7.6m x 5.5m + Meeting room with size of 7.4m x 9.0m + Toilet. Floors of working rooms and corridor shall be tiled granite brick. Platform of control, information room, batteries, panel of cable trench shall be tiled with granite brick 400x400x7. Floor of toilet shall be tiled with anti-slip granite enameled tile Civil solutions for protective controlling room 220kV and 110kV The protective controling room of 220kV and 110kV switchyards shall have dimension of 8.4m x 4.0m. This is a force bearing brick wall structure. Foundation is made of reinforced concrete strength B15 (M200) aggregate 2x4. Wall is made by solid brick M75 cement mortar M50. Roof is made of reinforced concrete with strength B15 (M200) aggregate 2x4, placed locally, on its top is the insulation configured iron. Wall and ceiling is plastered by cement mortar M75 thickness of 15. Civil solution for guard house Guard house shall have size of 3.6x6m. House has bearing brick wall structure, its foundation is made by brick. Wall of house is made by brick M75 and cement mortar M50. Roof is the local pre-casted reinforcement concrete with strength level of B15 (M200) aggregate 1x2, above of roof is covered by the heat-resistant iron-roof. Wall is plastered by cement mortar M150 with thickness of 15. Garage Garage shall have size of 5.5 x7m. Support pile is made by steel pipe, covered by iron-roof, floor is concrete M200 aggregate 1x2. Pumping station for fire-fighting Guardhouse of pump station shall have size of 7.2x4.5m. It shall be constructed by force bearing brick wall, reinforcement concrete foundation. Pumps shall be arranged on local pre-casted concrete platform with strength of B15 (M200). Air-conditioner and ventilation system Depending on function of rooms, air conditioner shall be equipped to insure working condition of operator and equipment of each room: PECC1 33

38 - Control house: + Control room shall be equipped with two air conditioners of standing wardrobe with capacity of 48000BTU for each one. + Information room, AC/DC room, technical room: shall be equipped with two air conditioners of 36000BTU and ventilation. + Battery room will be equipped with one air conditioner of one direction type with two boxes handed on wall, its capacity of 18000BTU and ventilation. + Battery room shall be equipped with absorb fan to take toxis gas outside of room Control house to protect switchyard shall be equipped with air conditioner and ventilation. Water supply, drainage system Water supply system Drilled well To have enough water for fire-fighting with the minimum flow of 1.5 l/s and water supplied for eating and drinking activities of the operator and management staff of substation and rest house for shift next to substation is 100l/person/daynight under standard, 1 drilled well with diameter of φ150 and depth of about 50 m shall be drilled and underground pump is used to pump flow Q = m 3 /h for water extraction supplying for the above mentioned objects. Domestic water treatment area Normally content of iron Fe + + in exploited water is greater than standard. To ensure the quality of drinking water in accordance with QCVN 02:2009/MOH it shall be treated with iron by rain rig then reverse filter tank and backward pump shall be used to deliver water to water tank on roof of control house and rest house serving for meals, activities of workers and operators of substation. Water treatment area shall comprise of filtration, sedimentation tank and spraying stage system to treat water. Water tank shall be reinforcement concrete with solid brick M75, cement mortar M75, plastered inside and outside by cement mortar M75, colored with pure cement. Spraying stage shall include galvanized steel pipes Φ25 with drilled hole Φ2 in even distance of 50mm and stainless steel tray for water division, on entire surface has drilled hole Φ2 in even distance of 50x50 All water supply pipes shall be zinc galvanized steel pipe of types dy=50, dy=32, dy=25 manufactured under BS PECC1 34

39 Drainage system On the layout for substation, manholes and concrete pipe system shall be arranged in accordance with the slope direction and layout to meet the drainage requirements of substation. Surface water drainage Rainwater on substation ground a portion flows into the trench along the fence foot of the substation, partly rolled down the road surface and is collected at the roadside manholes through concrete pipes dy = 300 and dy =500, flows to drainage points by concrete pipe dy = 700 out of the substation and joints into the drainage ditches in the area. Water in cable trench flows on bottom of trench into PVC drainage pipes to manholes and joints the drainage system of substation. Water collection pit, drainage well shall be: Bottom is made by concrete with strength of B15 (M200) aggregate 1x2, 200mm thick. Wall is made by brick M75 and cement mortar M75, internal and external faces are plastered by cement mortar M75 with thickness of 15, coloured by pure cement. It is covered by concrete panel with strength level of B20 (M250) aggregate 1x2. Surface water drainage system uses concrete pipe with standard load manufactured under TCVN-9113:2012. Wastewater drainage Domestic waste water in the toilets, septic tank in control house and rest house, treated water in emergency oil tank to ensure environmental requirements shall be discharged into the drainage system and outflow to drainage ditch at the North of the substation. Concrete pipe with standard load manufactured according to TCVN : 2012 shall be used for waste water drainage system. Civil solutions of rest house A rest house shall be arranged near fence at the West of 220/110 kv Dong Anh substation. Rest house shall be size of: - Area inside fence : 50m x 35m = 1750 m - Architectural area: m 2 In front of management and operation building is steel fence with height of 3m. PECC1 35 2

40 Gate of management and operation building is 3m wide, by box steel, operated by manual. Rest house shall have size of 32.4m x 11.3m, 9 rooms. Each room has size of 9.6x3.6m including rest room and 1 toilet. In front of house there is corridor of 1.7m wide along rest rooms. Domestic water is supplied from water treatment area of substation to water tanks located on the roof. Domestic water supply system of whole substation is PVC pipe. Access road Road outside of substation shall comprise of 2 sections: Access road to substation and road to rest house. - Access road to substation is 6m wide, 30m long. Slope of road is 2.9%, slope across road is 2%. Roadside is 3m wide, horizontal slope is 4%. - Road to rest house is 4m wide, 21m long. Slope of road is 1.2%, slope across road is 2%. Roadside is 2m wide, horizontal slope is 4%. Both two roads have similar structure and surface as road in substation. Path and concrete road constructed to return to locality Substation construction position: road outside of substation shall comprise of 2 sections: Access road to substation and road to rest house. Road for local people is remade for compensation with width of 3.5m by macadam and asphalt connected from the existing road to the planned road, total length of 120m. Concrete road for local people is remade for compensation width of 4m along the exiting ditch connected to cemetery, total length of 170m. Water trench for agriculture remade back to locality - Agricultural water trench No.1 is remade from fence at North of substation with width of 1m, total length of 112m. - Agricultural water trench No.2 is remade from fence at South and South West of substation with width of 1m and total length of 180m. - The trench wall, one side is the reinforced concrete wall of the substation; other side is the new built wall. Structure of wall is solid brick M75, inside is plastered by cement mortar M50 with thickness of 15. Top of trench wall is the reinforcement concrete in longitudinal section of trench there is a reinforced concrete horizontal brace arranged even distance of 5m for anti-overturning. - Trench bottom is placed by concrete with strength level of B10 (M150) of 10cm thick. Trench bottom is 20cm lower than the field surface in average. Trench has slope consistent with slope of the existing trenches in the region. PECC1 36

41 Water tank for fire-fighting Two water tanks are made in substation for fire-fighting, its diameter is 6m and height is 3.8m, by reinforcement concrete, laid on substation ground. Between two tanks, there is the connected valve system to ensure fire-fighting volume for the system. Oil tank and oil sump from transformer Oil tank is built underground, whole tank is made by reinforced concrete, plastered by cement mortar, and lid of tank is 0.15 m higher than substation ground. An emergency oil sump is arranged in location convenient for the oil collection of transformer. Volume of tank is V = 90m 3 (equivalent to over 78 tons of oil) insures to collect 100 % oil volume out of the machine when having problem. Oil tank is divided into two equal compartments of oil, oil and water dissociation tube is arranged in partition wall of oil tank. When there is a problem, fire-fighting water and oil flow into the first compartment of the tank. Lighter oil rises and heavier water sinks to the bottom. When the amount of oil flows into the tank enough volume, it will press water beneath flowing through the dissociation tube to second compartment of the tank. When water in the tank rises, it will escape and flow into drainage system of the substation. Oil sump of transformer is made by reinforced concrete in massive block of transformer platform, 0.3m higher than substation ground, sump bottom has slope of i=0.5% toward oil collected pipe, aggregate of 4x6 is spreaded in sump with thickness > 0.25m. Oil pipe from oil sump to oil tank is done by steel pipe dy 300, slope of pipe is i=0.5%, determined according to hydraulic calculation results, in the case 50% oil volume in machine and water volume for fire-fighting is discharged fully into emergency oil tank in the time not over 15 minutes (according to 11TCN ). Sections of agricultural canal and access road to the substation are in appendix. c. Organization on site Auxiliary works served for construction Temporary road: it is embanked by soil, made road base elevation at outside and inside substation to serve for construction. PECC1 37

42 Office: At site, office is arranged for technical staff and construction constructor, meeting room, medicine room of 45m 2 wide. Camping area: Temporary camping area of 150m 2 is arranged on standby land area in substation. Store, stock pile: It is proposed to take empty areas in the construction layout. Closed store is made by bamboo, roofed by cement panels. Its floor is paved wood girders, 0.2m higher than ground. Opened store is made by bamboo, roofed by cement panels. Component casted stock pile is made by concrete M 100, paved by cement mortar with thickness of 20. Stock pile for components: Leveling, compacting List of store and stockpile for construction is as below: No. Components Unit Qty 2 1 Closed store m Open-air store m Casted site for concrete m 200 component Source: adjusted FS of 220kV Dong Anh substation,pecc1, 12/2013 Electricity and water serving for construction: Auxiliary power source of substation. water from drilled well will be used in construction then it will be used in substation, Project Owner cooperates with relative agencies to conduct procedures for granting underground water exploitation certificate serving for water supply of substation. Construction materials Cement, sand, aggregate, brick... shall be bought at local facilities or neighborhood region of project under the materials purchase method transported to the construction site (they sell construction material and transport to construction project site). Quantity of construction material proposed for the project construction is listed in the following table: Table List of primary construction material No. Project components Unit Qty Notes 1 Cement kg 2 Coarse yellow sand m 3 Aggregate Fraction 1x2 Fraction 2x4 m m PECC1 38

43 4 Rounded steel φ < 18 kg 5 Shaped steel kg 6 Timber formwork m 7 Brick piece Source: adjusted FS of 220kV Dong Anh substation,pecc1, 12/2013 Machine and equipment serving for construction The project was built with using all new machinery, equipment or used time is short, good quality, ensuring safe and efficiency construction in the work of construction and machine assembly. Main construction machinery, equipment are in the following table. Table 1.3 Main equipment and construction vehicle No. Equipment Unit Qty 1 25 ton crane Piece liter concrete mixer Mixer liter mortar mixer Mixer 3 4 Plate compactor Piece 2 5 Small crane Piece 2 6 Pocker vibrator piece 5 7 Soil compactor Piece 4 8 Oil filter Piece 1 9 Electric welding machine Machine ton electric winch Piece ton oil jack Piece 1 12 Construction site truck Truck 2 Source: adjusted FS of 220kV Dong Anh substation,pecc1, 12/2013 Labour safety Safety monitored staff shall be available to monitor regularly during construction and installation of equipment. Technical procedures, regulations shall be taken seriously. Worker on site shall be equipped with labour protection and must have knowledge of construction safety in construction of electrical works. When excavating soil, foundation pit, it shall be excavated in accordance with regulation, not sit in foundation pit for rest. PECC1 39

44 When erecting components by crane, resettlement resistance for crane shall be take attention, safety measures for human and equipment, material shall be available during hoisting. Health man shall be usually at site Dangerous areas shall have sign. Safety for fire-fighting, protection at site shall be by some simple methods such as: Water tank, sand pool, bucket, shovel, fire-fighting ladder. Local fire fighting authorities shall be contacted to take measures to ensure safety when having fire/explosion incidents List of equipment and machine First power part First power equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation can be seen in the following table. Table First power equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation No. Equipment - material Unit Qty Notes A Transformer 1 Autotransformer 220kV 3 phases, oil submerged, outdoor Capacity: 250/250/50MVA Voltage: 225±8x1,25%/115/23kV Connection line: YNa0/Δ-11 Enclosed fittings set 1 2 Autotransformer 22/0.4kV 3 phase 2 wires, out-door, Oil submerged set 2 Capacity: 560kVA Voltage: 23±2x2.5%/0,4kV Enclosed fittings B 220kV switchgear 3 3 phase 220kV circuit breaker, SF6, out-door set 1 4 Disconnector set 1 5 Current transformer set 3 6 Voltage transformer set 1 7 Surge arrestor set 3 C 110kV switchgear 8 3 phase 110kV circuit breaker, SF6, out-door set 10 9 Disconnector set Current transformer set 3 11 Voltage transformer set 6 12 Surge arrestor set Current transformer set 9 Source: adjusted FS of 220kV Dong Anh substation, PECC1,12/2013 PECC1 40

45 Control, protective equipment Table 1.5 Control and protective equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation No. Equipment Unit Qty Notes A I 1 Equipment invested by NPT Equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation Control equipment by computer with double configuration, including: system 2 Protect, control cubicle cubicle 19 3 Connecting cubicle to out-door feeder 220kV, 110kV, 22kV. cubicle 17 4 Out-door connecting box Box 17 5 Equipment served for energy counting/ energy meter system 1 6 Low voltage cable and fittings (estimated) Set 1 Source: adjusted FS of 220kV Dong Anh substation, PECC1,12/ Communication equipment Communication equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation refers to the following table. Table Communication equipment of 220kV Dong Anh substation No. Equipment - material Unit Qty Notes A Optical cable and fittings 1 Metal optical cable NMOC ITU-TG.652 m Cable connection box OPGW-NMOC unit 01 3 Optical cable terminal box + optical fiber optic distribution stage (TB+ODF) unit 01 4 Optical patchcord of type FC-LC,LC-PC fibre 12 5 Plastic twisted tubes HDPE m 900 B Multiplexing equipment, switches, terminal 1 Multiplexing equipment PCM-30 set 01 2 Teleprotection set 04 3 Modem for SCADA set 01 4 Automatic electronic switchboard PABX set 01 5 Direct telephone communication (hotline) nos Fax set 01 7 Telephone set 07 C Power supply equipment System 1 1 Charge rectifier set AC-220V/50Hz set 01 2 DC distribution box box 01 3 Lightning arrestor, filter set set 01 4 Accu set 01 5 AC power distribution box box 01 6 Cable and connection fittings set 01 Source: adjusted FS of 220kV Dong Anh substation, PECC1, 12/ PECC1 41

46 Construction schedule 2013 Prepare Technical Design and professional reports: Prepare Bidding document: quarter 2014 First Dec., Prepare construction drawing for non-related part to equipment : Second quarter 2014 Opening for construction: Third quarter 2014 Prepare construction drawing for equipment related part: quarter 2014 Forth Full operation: Second quarter Total investment capital According to Feasibility Study Report prepared by Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 1 in December 2013, the total investment of 220kV Dong Anh substation project is : Vndong including environmental cost. In which - Cost of civil work : Vndong - Cost for equipment : Vndong - Cost for compensation, clearance& resettlement: Vndong - Cost for project management : Vndong - Cost for Engineering, Investment : Vndong - Others : Vndong - Ccontingencies : Vndong Project organization, management and implementation The operation of substation will be performed when an order is sent from dispatch center by means of the Power communication system. Mode of operation shall always be onduty. Staff and operator of substation shall be based on regulation of EVN, it is estimated to be 26 persons. Operation of substation shall be divided into three shifts 5 teams, they are usually in substation. Number of staff in substation is as below: - Head of substation : 1 person - Deputy of substation : 1 person - Operator : 24 persons Operator house is arranged near fence of the substation PECC1 42

47 Chapter 2. NATURAL CONDITIONS, SOCIO- ECONOMIC FEATURES IN PROJECT AREA 2.1. NATURAL CONDIITONS Geomorphologic and Engineering Geological Conditions Topographical condition 220kV Dong Anh substation and 22kV transmission line section supplying electricity for substation are located wholly on rice field of Thuy Lam and Lien Ha communes, Dong Anh district, Hanoi, average height is about 5.1m. There are many irrigation cannels, located inside of Ca Lo river dike, about 1.5km far from Ca Lo river toward North and about 2 km far from Ngu Huyen Khe river toward right side of the substation belonging to rather flat accumulated delta terrain, its elevation difference is not much. Soil formed to this terrain is mainly Clay, blended clay, sand, blended sand orginated from mixed river/ocean sedimention. On the basis of site investigation result and testing result of soil samples as well as engineering geological property of natural soil layers at substation area, survey and description are done up to depth of 20m, it is divided into layers from upper to lower as below: Pedagogical soil: It is m thick, covers almost all of substation site. Main composition is clay; blended clay of grey brown color, mixed with roots of grass, subsidiary crops, and solid is plastic, porous and humid. When leveling ground of substation, pedagogical soil shall be excavated and moved. Plastic, soft and liquid clay: The clay is brown grey, intercalated thin sand vein, mixed with rotten tree. Soil is in plastic soft state, medium dense, saturated. It is distributed of lense intercalated with hard plastic to semi-hard clay, spreaded over position where is proposed to construct substation, encountered at all drillholes. Thickness of the layer varies within 5.6 and 6.9 m. Hard plastic clay: Clay is light yellow, yellow grey, green grey, mixed with grits, intercalated with sand vein. Soil is hard plastic, meadium dense, saturated state. Layer is distributed all over position where is proposed to construct substation, thickness of layer varies within 5.6 and 6.9m. Hard plastic loam: Loam is light yellow, red brown, white grey vein, mixed with grits, intercalated with sand lense. Soil is hard plastic, medium dense, saturated state. Layer is underneath of hard plastic clay encountered at all drillholes in substation area. Thickness varies within 3.8 and 8.0m not yet full thickness of layer. Branch of 22kV transmission line is divided in layers from upper to lower as below: Hard plastic clay Liquid plastic loam Medium- fine sand Hydro-geological characteristics Surface water The position proposed to construct substation and 22kV branch is located on marine sedimentation topography, the terrain is quite low, hollow. In wet season, surface water can submerge entire region. PECC1 43

48 Underground water Underground water is about m beneath ground surface, underground water of upper water has close relationship to surface water, underground water has no corrosion to concrete. Investigation of water supply source served for the substation: some of 500m far from the substation area is residential area of Huong Tram village, Thuy Lam commune, local residents had drilled well by themself to take water for domestic use, dilled wells of the resident of 25-30m depth have plentiful water volume. Investigation document for annual highest submerged water level through asking local residents and measured at the site of 220kV Dong Anh that is proposed to construct being 5.12m, 5.48m, 5.54m and 5.03m in July/1971, November/1984, November 2008 and September/2010 respectively. Substation area near the irrigation canal system so drainage capacity is very good Earthquakes According to earthquake zoning map in Vietnam created by the Geo-physics Institute under National Technology and Natural Science in 1995, it is found that in the proposed site for substation and 22kV branch, the earthquake up to grade 7 may occur Physo-geological phenomena The proposed area for substation is located on marine sediment topography where engineering geological condition is complicated. The physo-geological phenomenon can occur such as sliding to foundation wall, swampy in shallow field. Suitable solutions shall be applied to foundation to ensure long term stability. Conclusion: Position proposed to construct 220kV Dong Anh substation and TL branch is located on rice fields that plant two crops, where terrain is rather flat, low and hollow accumulated delta. Engineering geological characteristic of ground soil layers is rather complicated, with common presentation of soil layer and lenses: Clay, weak clay, weak loam, intercalated with sand Meteo-Hydrological Conditions Meteorology 220kV Dong Anh substation and 22kV TL section supplying electricity for the substation are completely located within zone affecting by climate, hydrological regime of Red river and Ca Lo river as evaluated according to hydrological and meteorological records available in Lang gauging station (Ha Noi). Basically, it belongs to tropical monsoon climate zone, winder is cold and summber is hot and humid, rains. Wind: under windy regime in the Northern Delta region, average wind velocity is 2.1(m/s). Predominant wind direction. IV IX W, SE, E X- III N, NW PECC1 44

49 Wind pressure: According to 4.1 The zoning wind pressure by administrative locations (QCVN 02:2009/BXD) the proposed area for the 220kV Dong Anh substation and 22kV branch is located with wind pressure zone II.B as describing in table herein: Substation zone Substation and connection Wind pressure zone Wind pressure with return period (kn/m 2 ) II.B 20 years Mean annual ambient temperature is 23.6 o C. Maximum temperature may be up to C, it often occurs in May and minimum temperature may be lower 2.7 o C, it often occurs in January; - Mean annual humidity is some of 82%, Maximum humidity may be up to 100%, Minimum humidity may be lower 16%. - Mean annual rainfall in the area is classified as average type, some of 1611mm. Rainy season starts in May and ends in October, number of rainy day in average during a year are some of day. Number of thunder storm day in average during a year is about 58.6 days Wind: Maximum wind velocity may occur basing on time. Average wind velocity in months (m/s) can be seen in the following table: Table 2.2- Mean monthly wind velocity 0.95 Thunderstorm day/month/ye ar Lang station I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Annu al From table above found that thunderstorm is normally happen in any month in year but mainly is happened in summer from afternoons from 13p.m to night time, month with most thunderstorm is from May to September, coinciding with rainy period: time for 1 thunderstorm is wihin 1 and 2 hours, thunderstorm is happened together with lightning and thunderbolt. In November- March is period of winter monsoon, thus thunderstorm is rare, about 2-3 days in month. Table 2.3 Average density of thunderstorm during year Months I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XI I Annua l Thunderstor m day PECC1 45

50 Hydrology Under impact by topographical condition, climate characteristics, hydrological regime of rivers so the area proposed for substation has characteristics of hydrological regime in Red river delta area. - Total water volume to be 80.6 km 3 (domestic area) of Red river system with flow regime during a year dividing in two distinguished seasons to be flood season and dry season. - Dry season lasts in 6 months from November to May next year. Total water volume in dry season takes 20 30% total annual flow. The driest period occurs in Jan, Feb, Mar when total water volume takes only % of annual flow. - Flood season starts in Jun and ends in Oct. Total flood flow takes up to 70 80%. August is the month having the highest flow with total volume takes up to 19 23% total annual flow. During a year, the river water level impacting to substation varies deeply by season. - Dry season (coinciding with dry season), paddy fields during this period are always dry. - Flood season (coinciding with rainy season), under impacts from rain and large flood in river, it is always flooding in field particularly during Jul, Aug, Sep. Particularly historical flood recorded in Aug/1871 when flood was happened in many places within Ha Noi but the area proposed for substation and its connection which are higher were only affected by flooding rain of m in few days Status of environmental component quality in project site In September 2013, project owners, design consultant have cooperated with Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC (unit has responsibility to measure, monitor, sampling and analyze environmental samples) organized survey, environmental status monitoring, air and soil quality, water environment in the project area. Current status of environmental quality under property at 220 kv Dong Anh substation is described as below. Detailed results of the analysis, the coordinates of the sampling sites see Appendix 5 : environmental analysis form. Location of sampling site sees Figure 3 Figure chart. The location and coordinates of sampling sites see Annex 5: environmental analysis vote Quality of air, noise and vibration Air quality in Hanoi is very different in diferent areas. At the center, industrial zones and major roads and intersections particularly in the peak hours, the air pollution is high. However, the project area is located in agricultural land, population density and traffic are not high. At the monitoring location is the representative points likely increasing pollution such as roads, residential areas or construction site, Herein is the monitoring and measuring results of air samples in project area. Observation site of sampling points for air quality state in project area No. Symbols Position 1 At position proposed to construct substation in rice field of Bieu Khe village, K1 THuy Lam commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi 2 3 K2 K3 At residential area of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, Dong Anh District, Hanoi. At rice field of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi. (outside of project area). 4 K4 At measured position at Thuy Lam People s Committee (near access road to PECC1 46

51 project position). Table 2.4 Analysis result of air, noise and vibration quality No. Properties Unit Analysis result QCVN 05:2009/B TNMT QCVN 26:2010/ BTNMT QCVN 27:2010/ BTNMT K1 K2 K3 K4 1 Temperature Humidity Wind velocity m/s Suspended 3 µg/m dust NO2 3 µg/m 17, CO µg/m SO2 µg/m Noise dba Vibration db Extracted from: Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC- 10/2013. Through evaluating the analysis results of dust and some toxic gases in ambient air samples ( CO, SO2, CO... ), noise and vibration indicates that all targets are in the allowable limit of National Technical Standard QCVN 05:2009/MONRE on ambient air quality, QCVN 26:2010 / MONRE on noise, QCVN 27:2010 / MONRE on vibration. Noise level in the region meets the allowable Vietnamese Standard. Overall, air quality during construction the project have not been contaminated, thus, the health of people living in the area is insured Water quality Surface water: Surface water sources in Hanoi is diversity on pollution level. Water quality is quite good in the big rivers like the Red River but it is heavily polluted in main rivers within the city as Nhue River, Kim Nguu River... which is playing the role of city sewerage. Some taken water samples has typical position at project area and vicinity. The analysis results are presented in the following table: Observation site of sampling points for surface water quality state in project area No. Symbols Position 1 M1 At position proposed to construct substation in rice field of Bieu Khe village, THuy Lam commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi 2 M2 At residential area of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, Dong Anh District, Hanoi. 3 M3 At rice field of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, Dong Anh PECC1 47

52 district, Hanoi. (outside of project area). Table 2.5 Analysis result of surface water sample No. Properties Unit Analysis results M1 M2 M3 VN STANDARD 08:2008/MONRE (column B1) 1 ph Temperature oc Colour Pto 4 Smell - 5 Total suspended solid substances No color No odor No color No color No odor No odor - mg/l DO mg/l BOD5 mg/l COD mg/l Amoni mg/l Nitrat (NO3-) mg/l Total P mg/l Total Coliforms MPN/100ml Extracted from: Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC- 10/2013. Through evaluating the analysis result of water samples in and adjacent the project area and compared with QCVN 08:2008 / MONRE : The national standards on surface water quality and found that most of the properties are located in allowable limit, only Coliforms property at M2 sample is a little higher than the allowable property. Underground water: Observation site of sampling points for underground water quality state in project area No. Symbols Position 1 N1 At house of Mr. Nguyen Van Dong (water from drilled well) in Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi. At position proposed to construct substation in Bieu Khe village, Thuy 2 N2 Lam commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi The analysis results of groundwater quality ( water of drilling well) are presented in table 2:10 herein: Table Analysis result of underground water sample Analysis results QCVN No. Properties Unit 09:2008/ N1 N2 MONRE 1 ph - 7,25 7, PECC1 48 -

53 2 Smell - fishy fishy - 3 Total suspended solid substances (TSS) mg/l Total solid substance mg/l Clo (Cl-) mg/l Amoni (NH4+) mg/l Nitrat (NO3- ) mg/l Sunphat (SO4-) mg/l Asen (As) mg/l Lead (Pb) mg/l KPH KPH Iron (Fe) mg/l COD mg/l Total coliform MPN/100ml Extracted from: Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC- 10/2013 QCVN 09:2008/BTNMTL National technical regulation on groundwater quality KPH: not detected. Through evaluation the analysis results of the groundwater samples in project area and compared with QCVN 09:2008 / BTMMT show that most underground water quality have properties within the permitted limit. Fe property alone is higher than the allowable standard. Therefore, underground water quality at the survey location has higher Fe content, to meet domestic use purposes, underground water should be treated to reject metal before using in domestic purposes Soil quality To evaluate soil quality before implementing project, the survey team has conducted to take sample at soil locations in and surrounding the project area. Analysis results are presented in the following table: Observation site of sampling points for soil quality state in project area No. Symbols Position 1 At position proposed to construct substation in Bieu Khe village, Thuy Đ1 Lam commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi. 2 At rice field of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, Dong Anh Đ2 district, Hanoi. Table Analysis result of soil sample No. Properties Unit Analytical results QCVN 03:2008/MONRE 1 Asen (As) mg/kg dry soil Cadimi (Cd) mg/kg dry soil Bronze (Cu) mg/kg dry soil Lead (Pb) mg/kg dry soil Đ1 Đ2 PECC1 49

54 5 Zinc (Zn) mg/kg dry soil Extracted from: Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting JSC- 10/2013 QCVN 03:2008/BTNMT: Allowable limit of heavy metals. The analysis results show that most of the heavy metals in soil at the survey area have lower value and within the allowable limits according to National Technical Regulations on the allowable limit of heavy metals QCVN 03:2008 / MONRE. Soil in the project area is agricultural land to plant rice, this proved that soil quality at the project site is quite good, not polluted by heavy metal Status of ecological environment Through field surveys where 220kV Dong Anh Substation is proposed to construct in June 2013, it can be seen that the ecosystem here have following main characteristics Flora resources at project area Basic typical characteristics of vegetation in the project area The proposed site is a delta area within a populated zone nearby Ha Noi capital where urbanization is happening, local resident are living on farming and other trading activities; neighbor areas are industrial zones and urbans so vegetation in this area is mainly agricultural cultivation system with short-term crops (subsidiaries crops, foodstuff crops) predominant. Garden is perennial trees, timber tree, flower and bonsai, which are widely developed in the area with various types of tree. Besides are trees of various types. Forest vegetation in the area is almost nothing since this is delta area. Timber tree is only planted for purposes of shadow tree or being planted scattered on a small area for timber harvesting purposes. Thus, vegetation in the area comprises of some main tree as below: - Short-term industrial agricultural vegetation (subsidiary crops, foodstuff crops, concentrated planted flowers). - Garden, mainly planting fruit tree for family consumption. - Bonsai and flower in families. - Trees, shadow trees along roads. - Grass, bushes in abandoned areas. Short-term industrial agricultural vegetation: this is the main vegetation available in the project area. This is planted vegetation for purposes of families and partially for exchanging on local market and to supply to urban areas within the region. Main planted crop among this type is subsidiaries crops such as cabbage of all types, herbs of all types, gourd, bean of all types, etc. Foodstuff crops in the area mainly are paddy rice and corn. Home garden. This is a popular vegetation type in the studied area nearby the project. Home garden in the area is of average size of tens of m 2, where planting perennial trees such as longan, litchi, mango, jackfruit, guava, sapodila plum, starfruit, banana, lemon, etc Such fruit trees are mainly for family demand only, not for goods demand on local market. In garden, there is planting bead-tree for domestic timber and bamboo or Acalypha siamensis as fence. In the shadow of fruit trees, many families plant citronella bush, ginger, saffron, etc for daily meal. Tree and shadow tree along road. The trees and shadow tree along road and in public area nearby project area are quite developed. Some road sections within project area are planted with tree and shadow trees. This type of tree system is quite plently, mainly are nacre, eucalyptus, casaurina, malabar almond, bachang mango, clausena excavate burn, etc. Grass and bushes: this vegetation type in the area is distributed in small area, scattering in the area, as along road, along river banks, cannal, in many sections where the TL passes PECC1 50

55 Among these vegetation types, the herbaceous species group is predominant. Species normally seen in the region are Eupatorium odoratum L.,, Paspalum conjungatum, Themedatriandra This vegetation type has almost no value I terms of economy and environment Vegetation in substation area is mainly manmade vegetation, poor in families, species, comprising of some fruit tree as banana, foodstuff crop mainly is paddy rice and shrub land. The proposed site for substation is completely located on paddy rice field (other kind of vegetation is not existed), at the time of investigation, this area is under cultivation of paddy rice, some areas have been harvested (see photos 1 and 2) Terrestrial fauna Since the flora is quite poor and monotonous, besides, the project area is located rather far from residential area so there is almost no wide fauna in this area. Animal seen in the area is normal animal of small size and live closely to human such as field mouse, house mouse, wild cat. The project area is appeared with amphibian species such as frog, toad and some reptile species such as snake. The project area in fact is paddy rice field where during investigation, species of grasshopper and some insect species, colecptera species are seen quite many. Quantity of such insect is sharply reduced by time, when the harvest is done quantity of these species are reduced remarkably There is almost no large surface water in the project area, except for small ponds, irrigation cannel, low water level and dead. Here appearing some small fish species of low economic value. This watershed area is living by other aquatic organism species such as flangellate, mosquito larva, etc In addition in the project area there are feed animal as dog, pig and poultry as duck, chicken, etc, and some species of birds feeding a pet. Photo 1 All proposed areas for substation is paddy rice Photo 2 Paddy rice in substation site after being harvested PECC1 51

56 Photo 3 - Overview of vegetation in project area 2.2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF PROJECT AREA As stated above, the construction area of 220kV Dong Anh substation locates on paddy land in the territory of Thuy Lam commune and Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh District, Hanoi. Dong Anh District locating at the northern gate of Hanoi City, with a total natural land area of 18,230 hectares, the district has 23 communes and 1 town, 156 villages and 62 urban groups and population is over 331,000 people. Dong Anh district has favorable natural conditions for socio-economic development, has significant advantages in terms of traffic, facilitate for exchanges between Hanoi and North Eastern provinces. Administrative boundaries of Dong Anh district is as below: In the north side, it is Soc Son district, Hanoi. In the Eastern side is provinces of Bac Ninh and Gia Lam district South side is next to Red River. West side the province of Vinh Phuc (Nguồn: According to reports on the economy, socio-cultural situation, security and defense in the year 2012, trend, purpose of the year 2013 of Thuy Lam Commune People's Committee and Lien Ha Commune People's Committee, the socio-economic situation at the project area is summarized herein Thuy Lam Commune Economic conditions Economic keeps growing, economic structure is switched in proper direction, some indicators increased quite well in compared with the same period and exceeded the planned target Agricultural production Value from agricultural production, husbandry and aquaculture estimated to be 45 billion 155 million VND, increased by 2.6% compared to Total cultivated paddy rice area in 2012 was 1,273 ha. Area of spring crop was 626 ha, productivity was 54 quinta/ha, summer crop was 625 ha productivity 50 quintal/ha, rice productivity per annual estimated to be 52 quintal/ha, increased 2quintal/ha compared to Type of farm switching economic structure is developed and farm ownership kept creating economic benefit and has created jobs to a part of laborer. Model of special local PECC1 52

57 sticky rice was grew on 435 ha. Investment on this local sticky rice cultivation valued 130 million VND (for training, supporting on seeds and material buying). Husbandry in local is cared, there were two training classes on how to use veterinary drug, Industry, handicraft and basic infrastructure In 2012 industry and handicraft reduced 2.5% since the demand in market was reduced, loan from the State was limited affecting directly to handicraft and industry of local people. Except basic infrastructure increased 25% compared to 2011 (thanks to capital sources in people increased from Compensation for National Road 3 construction and sources for new rural development plan). Access road system in the commune was developed, there were 5 rural road works constructed with total investment capital of 8,670,000,000 VND (of which Cua Chua road took 320 million VND, Cong Duong- Manh Tan route took 2.65 billion VND, Cau Dam Co Mieu rout took 2.9 billion, Cau Dam Huong Tram route took 2.8 billion VND). Trade and service Value of trade and service is estimated to be 52,120,000,000 VND, increased by 9.7% compared to Power sources for trading were concentrated to push up services for industries as carpentry, mechanic, transportation service, trading service, tourism services in the area, etc. The added value for trading service as trading, agricultural product processing, forest product processing, services were increased. Basic infrastructure and site clearance Finalizing the planning field demarcation and concretizing irrigation system in Huong Tram village s field which is under a project cost almost 40 billion VDS invested by the city, district, commune. Site clearance for constructing newly kindergarten and junior high school namely Thuy Lam basically completed, however, the inventory work, finalizing steps of compensation process are now performing in order to prepare Action Plan to compensate for residents Social conditions Education and training The education sector finished the school year with 42.6% of primary and 25.6% of junior high school pupils were very good. Ratio of good pupil of primary and junior high school respectively were 39.2% and 35.7%; 100% pupils grade 5 were recognized as completing primary school program, pupils graduated junior high school level reached to 100%. The program of two no and constructing cultural house, good teacher, rule and responsibility shall be continued. Health, population and family planning Health care: performing well health care program and national management on health care section, activity and performance of private health care service. Population-family planning: popularizing reproduction health to women and nutrient care to children. In 2012, total number of birth up to 30/11 was 458 children, increased 52 children compared to 2011, in which the third baby by a mother was 87 children, increased by 4 children compared to The trend of unbalancing in sex is increasing, this ratio in 2012 was 100 girls/144 boys. Cultural propagandization - sport PECC1 53

58 Concentrate in setting up planning, implement efficiently the Program 07-CT/QU and program of raising up quality of cultural resident area. Organize and propagandize on celebrations of big ceremonies, holidays, politic events and propagandize to enhance awareness of people in implementing urban civilize way of living. Pushing up and raising up quality of movement whole population unite to set up cultural living in resident area and launch to support fund for poor. Social and policy Total number of poor families in commune under new criteria in 2012 were 153 households, reducing 103 households compared to 2011 but the ratio is still high compared to the whole district as general and to target assigned by the city. New rural program implementation The commune is now supplying for approval an urban living area of 9.8ha in Thuy Loi village and in commune center area in which the project construction of junior high school and kindergarten in Thuy Lam commune in an area of 35,000m 2 is now under site clearance phase and inventory investigation for compensation. The field centerization program implemented in the commune which is now concentrating at Huong Tram village, has done with inventory investigation under stipulated steps, and now next steps have been implementing and adjusting the field in various alternatives. Relative historical sites There are many recognized historical and cultural sites. During environmental investigation in the project area, it is found that the Sai Thuong temples are located quite far (some of 5km) from the project site so impacts caused by project construction will be none. Basic infrastructure Electricity: It is connected to National Grid 100% households are connected Water source: Drilled well water is used Almost inter-village roads have been concreted Lien Ha Commune Economic development Industrial production, handicraft production There are 65 companies and private production facilities in whole commune. Income of first 6 months in 2013 is estimated at 17.8 billion Vndong with 0.2 billion down in comparing with the same time of 2012, reaching 40.85% compared with targets of whole 2013 Agricultural production Total cultivated paddy rice area in spring crop in 2013 was 520 ha, of which rice with high quality goods is 110ha, 1.2 times effective than normal rice. The average rice productivity was estimated at 185kg/1 perch, productivity was estimated at tons (increasing tons compared to spring crop of 2012) hectares of rice is converted to grow vegetables of every types. Canal was dredged, excavated, total number of 51 sites, its quantity is m 3. Husbandry: Total cattle is 2,160, poultry is 172,000. Income from commercial services in the first 6 months of year was estimated at 10.3 billion Vndong (increase 0.1 billion compared with the same period of the year 2012). Land management construction order and urban transport PECC1 54

59 Land consolidation work is organized successfully to be piloted in Giao Tac village. Land consolidation of agricultural land was continuous to implement for the remaining 7 villages, so far 7/7 villages had finished establishing land consolidation plan, 2 villages were held to take unity opinions of the people. Document preparation was completed for the organization of the auction 14 plots remaining stuck in Chau Phong, Ha Lo, Ha Phong of Lien Ha Commune. Order management in construction, urban transport In the first 6 months of year, 22 cases were punished reducing 9 cases in comparing with the same period in Activity of farms The farms strictly abide with the approved contents of the project. Performance of farms was 3-5 times compared to rice, the production value was increased over 1 ha of cultivated land gained 105 million VND / ha to meet the proposed targets. Basic infrastructure In the first 6 months of the year, 05 projects was constructed with total estimated budget of over 13 billion Vndong Socio-culture Education: Lien Ha, Hoa Mai kindergartens: Total children go to kindergarten of two kindergartens was 87.8% and 93.4% respectively, children of 5 year old go to kindergarten reached 100%. Lien Ha Primary School: innovative teaching method was implemented seriously, in number of very good pupil was 531 reaching 68.9% (up 1.3% compared with the previous year) Lien Ha A Secondary School: Percentage of very good students achieved 60.4 % (up 1 % compared with the previous year). Good teachers were taken part in competition for good teacher of district level reaching two Third prize, one consolation prize. Teams of good pupils in 4th class, 5th class taken exam reaching two awards of city, 13 prize of district. Secondary School: Promoting good teaching - good study movement. The percentage of good pupil was % in Culture, Information- Sport Ceremony to receive the Third class Medal of Labor and Congress of Sports of Lien Ha commune of forth time are organized successfully, create a lively atmosphere emulation in the area. Health 100 % of children at the age of 6-36 months had received vitamin A. Percentage of malnutrition was 10.1 % reducing 0.8 % compared to Intersectional coordination was done to check food safety and hygiene. Sanitation 4 times for environmental sanitation were organized, trees, fruit trees of every types were launched to plant. 7 rubbish gathering places were planned of remaining 7 villages, survey, design, technical report were prepared for investment preparation at the end Population Family planning Total number of born children was 143, reducing 4 children in the same period in 2012, including 77 young boys, 65 young girls. Security and defense PECC1 55

60 100 % of households and over 2,000 pupils had signed commit to take seriously Decree 47-CP and Decree 36-CP of the Government. The defense tasks in local is performed well. Main militia workforce of 128 comrades was established. Basic infrastructure Electricity: It is connected to National Grid 100% households are connected Water source: Drilled well water is used Almost inter-village roads have been concreted Relative cultural and historical sites In territory of Dong Anh district as well as communes there are many recognized historical and cultural sites. During environmental investigation in the project area, it has found that the Sai Thuong temples are located quite far (about 5km) from the project site so impacts caused by project construction will be none. PECC1 56

61 CHAPTER 3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT The construction of 220kV Dong Anh substation shall have positive and negative impacts to the natural and social environment. When the project completes, it will meet load demand of the power system in the city, this will help improve power quality, meet requirements on local socio-economic development and some adverse impacts relating to construction process such as air, soil pollution in the construction area and vicinity. In the preparation and construction stages, sources causing environmental impact are mainly: (1) activities for preparing construction lay-out, (2) activities such as leveling, excavation and embankment and foundation (3) Camping area and construction workers; (4) construction machines assembles, (5) construction materials and materials disposal area; Transportation of construction materials and equipments. In the operation stage, sources causing impact are mainly from presence of substation operator and officers who operate 220kV Dong Anh substation IMPACT ASSESSMENT Project preparation stage Alternative to select project site Requirements for substation site - Natural condition: Topography, geology, hydrology. - Technical condition: Layout, connection line - Requirements on construction, operation, traffic, communication. - Requirements on environmental economy * Site of substation: Substation site is located on rice field, on territory of Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune and Ha Phong village, Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh District, Hanoi City. * Natural conditions: - Topography: Here is rice field area, its terrain is rather even and flat. - Geology: Geology in the area includes layers of soil, clay, blended clay, sand, originated from Quaternary Formation. * Technical conditions: - Broad space with expanded possibility. - Near planned road so it is very convenient. - Connection line: it is convenient for connection with high voltage transmission line such as 110kV TL, 22kV TL supplying power for substation s usage, for the area and vicinity. * Factors on construction, management and operation: PECC1 57

62 - Being convenient for equipment transportation and construction. - Being favourable for management and operation of substation. * Economic, environmental factors: - Compensation, layout clearance: Land cost (agricultural productive land) and asset on land (paddy rice, crops). Position of 220kV Dong Anh substation and branch had been approved by Plan- Architectural Department of Hanoi City in Document number 4130/QHKT-HTKT dated 14/12/2010 and agreed by Hanoi People s Committee in Document number 3431/UBND-CT dated 11/05/ Impact assessment caused by site clearance of project a. Impact to affected households * Land loss 220kV Dong Anh substation locates on Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, and Ha Phong village, Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi. Therefore, only a part of agricultural land area of some affected households in the village is affected during the project construction. Total land areas occupied by the substation is m 2. * Defining number of affected household Basing on preliminary investigation, loss statistic and resettlement plan in preparation of Feasibility Study Report by PECC1 in November 2013, it is as below: Total number of affected household by the project is estimated to be 110 households (440 people) of which 16 households in Thuy Lam commune, about 94 households are estimated in Lien Ha (because Lien Ha commune is under the progress of field centerization program, so the locality has not yet agreed for consulting company to conduct survey due to psychological fear of households in the process of implementing major policy of the State). All these affected households are in permanent land acquisition. According to preliminary survey, nearly 100% number of affected households are acquired over 20% their total owned land. * Land loss 220kV Dong Anh substation locates on Bieu Khe village, Thuy Lam commune, and Ha Phong village, Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi. Therefore, only a part of agricultural land area of some affected households in the village is affected during the project construction. Total land areas occupied by the substation is m 2. Permanent impact: Total permanent affected land area is m 2 it is summazied in the following table: PECC1 58

63 Table 1 Area of all land types is acquired N. Land type Unit Quantity 2 Paddy rice land m Irrigation canal land m Inner field concreted road Land m Inner-field soil path land m Total m Sources: Resettlement plan report for 220kV Dong Anh substation prepared bypecc1 in November 2013 Remark: Damage investigation result in Resettlement Plan Report at the survey time (November 2013) will be corrected in measurement, detail statistic periods after setting up landmark for boundary. Details of affected households see in appendix 3 of Resettlement Plan Report. Legal status of land. Investigation, survey results show that 100% of households in investigation were granted land use right certificate. * Impact to house and architecture There is not any household who their house and architecture are affected by subproject. * Impact to infrastructure There are 1120 m 2 of inner-field concrete path (its surface is concrete, 3.5m wide) and m 2 of inner-field soil path within land acquisition of the project. However, according to design company, when the substation is constructed, these paths shall be constructed to compensate for the locality. Besides, in within land acquisition boundary for construction of substation, there are 120 m 2 concrete canal in rice field. * Impact to trees, crops The entire project permanent or temporary land area which required for the project are the land that are being cultivated with two crops for rice by local resident, so there is not any tree, other crops affected by the project on this area. Compensation, support and resettlement are estimated to be Vndong, it is as below: PECC1 59

64 Table 2 Cost for compensation, supprot and resettlement No. Items Unit Quantity Unit Price (VND) Amount (VND) 1 Compensation for land Paddy rice land m , Compensation for tree, crops Rice (on permanent acquired land) m , Allowance Support for policy family Cash allowance equivalent to30 kg rice/person/month in 6 months Supprot for training, career changing Bonus for handing over the ground on schedule Draft estimate Person m , Household Total Contingencies (10%) Total cost Source: Resettlement Plan Report of 220kV Dong Anh project prepared by PECC1 in Nov.2013 Remark: Cost for compensation in 2013 was estimated. This cost will change (land price escalation, quantity arising) when project schedule is delay Project construction stage Impact sources relating to waste Main waste sources during project construction: - Dust, exhausted gas from means of transportation in-and-out project site. - Domestic waste water, surface water from rain. - Harmful and non-harmful solid waste from living activities and industry. - Waste water sources due to foundation excavation, however, these sources are not much because they are surrounded by bank, the affect to the project outside not remarkable. Impact sources relating to waste during construction stage are in the following table: PECC1 60

65 Table 3.1 Impact sources to environment during construction stage Generating Sources Type of waste Impacted objects Works relating to project Mud, soil of vegetable matter, - Air environment lay-out such as excavation, dust - Water environment embankment for Solid waste because of soil, rock - Officers and workers who foundation, substation base scatter construct the substation Transportation of soil, sand, construction materials to project site. Areas for assembling machines, materials, stores at project site, Construction machines at project site Living activities of workers at project site Installation of machines, equipment - Dust, exhausted gas, noise, vibration from means of construction, transportation. - Air environment - Construction solid waste such as - Traffic road mortar, brick, sand, cement during - Workers and local residents transportation process, crushed iron, steel, residual concrete, failed wood, wrap for equipments. Harmful solid waste: greasy clout, waste oil leak from repairing trucks, construction machines, waste water during construction Solid and liquid waste from living activities of workers Harmful waste such as waste oil, greasy clout. Noise, exhaust generated from machine (truck, crane) for installing transformer, other equipments. Water environment Soil environment Air environment - Air environment - Water environment Soil environment - Air environment - Water environment - Soil environment a. Dust and exhausted gas During the construction process of project items, main pollution sources to air environment of the project area and vicinity come from transportation of construction materials, project lay-out excavation and leveling, construction of substation items, operation of equipments, construction machine. a1- Dust in construction From leveling project lay-out, excavating and removing overburden In the report, pollution is calculated with the largest quantity of embankment, excavation and leveling during construction time with maximum construction strength. According to report, preparation time for project construction (overburden removal, excavation and removing soil, sand shall be implemented in 3 months (90 days). The quantity of soil excavation, embankment and leveling during this time is about m3/quarter. Materials serving for lay-out leveling taken from material selling places in the local area. Dust spreading resulted from ground preparation and excavation can be estimated basing on coefficient of pollution (E) and volume of excavation and embankment (Q); according to AIR CHIEF, American Environmental Protection Agency in 1995: PECC1 61

66 Pollution factor: E = k x x (U/2.2) 1,4 / (M/2) 1.3 Where : E : Pollution coefficient (kg/ton) k : Grain structure with average value: 0.35 U : Average wind velocity in the area= 2.4 m/s M : Average humidity of materials is calculated = 20% Applying above fomular, we can calculate pollution factor E = kg/ton and the mean monthly generated dust is 2.61 kg/month. It is expected to level in 2 shifts per day, dust caused by lay-out leveling is calculated equivalents to 1.51 mg/s. Comments: basing on calculation results, dust diffused from removing overburden and leveling lay-out at low level, maximum is 1.51 mg/s. The project construction lay-out area is quite large, not near any residential area, approximately 200m from residential area of Bieu Khe village, thus, it can be assessed that the pollution during levelling, embankment, excavation lay-out is not so much but more or less, affected to air environment of the construction area and vicinity, especially this affect shall directly impact to workers on project site. Dust generated during transportation of removed overburden and leveled soil, rock With the quantity of removing overburden, and soil, sand need to be transported is 137,240.6 m3 soil. It is supposed that the whole overburden volume will be transported by 15-ton truck Transprotation quantity and distance are as below: Equipment, transformer, electricity material imported completely in order form are transported to Hai Phong port. From Hai Phong port, trusk is used to transport to substation with distance some of 120km. Disposal soil, vegetation cover excavation will be transported to disposal area that stipulated by Hanoi People Committee. Transportation distance is estimated to be 20km, transportation means will be truck on traffic road of 2 grade. Transportation of construction material, sand that bought at locality will use truck to the site, its distance is draft estimated to be 6km. Dust volume on the transporation road is calcultated by the following fomula: L = 1.7k (s/12)(s/48)(w/2.7)0.7(w/4)0.5 (*) (*): Source: Technical treatment of air pollution and dust Institute of Environment Science & Technology University of Technology. Where: L: Dust volume (kg/km/truck time) k: Grain dimension (k=0.2) s: Soil quanitity on the road (s=8.9%) S: Average speed of truck (S=30km/h) W: Truck s load (12 ton) w: Number of wheel (10 wheels) Dust generating factor comes from trucks transporting overburden soil is calculated to be ,240.6 m3 soil, sand from overburden and leveling is necessary to be transported by 12-ton truck in 90 days. It is expected the road for transportation is 25km, time for transporting is 2 shifts/day. PECC1 62

67 The total dust volume generated on average on the road because of transporting residual soil is kg/day equivalent to 48.2 g/s. Comments: This dust volume pollutes air environment along the materials transportation from Lien Ha to Thuy Lam, however, there are many means of traffic causing air environment pollution. Besides, traffic sites are bituminized, the trucks shall be covered, so the pollution reduces remarkably. In fact, during construction time there will be rainy days, thus, pollution caused by dust will be less than the above calculated pollution. Dust caused by transporting materials to project According to the list of construction materials demand, for project, cement, coarse sand, aggregate, steel, brick, formwork wood,. with the total volume is ton (converted). Construction materials are bought from shops around project area with the distance to the project is approximately 6 km. It is supposed to use 12-ton truck for transportation. The construction time is estimated about 9 months, however, materials shall be collected at project site in 2 months (60 days). According to formula (*) above, dust volume generated on the way to transport construction materials is kg/day equivalent to 3.34 g/s. Comments: Dust volume generated from transporting construction materials pollute air environment along the transportation road. However, this material volume is transported in a long time and not continuous, thus, the pollution is assessed to be small. a2- Exhausted gas From means of soil and construction materials transportation Trucks used during construction materials is ton - Diesel trucks. Pollution of polluted matters was calculated based on the emission factor in the following table: Means of transportation Table 3.2 Air pollution factor of truck Unit (U) TSP (kg/u) SO2 (kg/u) NOx (kg/u) CO (kg/u) VOC (kg/u) 1000km S ton Diesel trucks ton oil Source: Environment Protection Book in Basic Construction, Construction Publishing House, Hanoi, 2009 Note: S content of sulphur in petrol (S accounts 0.05%) Materials, construction materials (sand, rock, gravel) serving for project are bought from local shops, requirements on materials, main construction materials for project are in table 1.2/chapter 1. Basing on the quick assessment method of waste sources as above, tonnage of polluted matters caused by means of transport in the construction road route is presented in the following table: Table 3.3 Exhausted gas from means of soil and construction materials transportation Tonnage Dust SO2 NOx CO VOC (Kg/1000km.h) (mg/m.s) Distance 20m (mg/m3) PECC1 63

68 Total (mg/m3) QCNV 05:2009 (mg/m 3 ) During operation time, these means consume fuel which cause some harmful exhausted gas to the environment. These exhausted gas are usually toxic such as: SO2, NOx, CO, VOC. According to the above quantity, exhausted gas from means transporting soil, rock is small. Dust diffusion in this stage changes, pollution depend on their speed, intensity of construction, temperature, direction and velocity of wind in the area, soil humidity, and ambient temperature, pollution mitigation methods. Means of transportation of soil, sand, gravel, cement,.diffuse dust in the air. Emission and dust can affect directly to workers on project site and people on the road and households living along the transportation road. This impact is assessed to be small, temporary and only become remarkable in dry season, that it will end when the construction completes. From construction machines on project site During substation construction stage, exhausted gas generated mainly from operation process of machine motion, construction equipments. Main machines for project construction during this stage are approximately 12 types of machine as in table 1.3/Chapter 1. According to Circular 06/2005/TT-BXD, guidelines on construction machine shift and construction machine, almost electricity-used construction equipments has 25-ton-crane, electric welding machine, soil compactor and oil-used truck, fuel using diesel oil (kg/working shift) of 25-ton crane is 81 l/shift, electric welding machine is 7.43 l/shift, soil compactor is 4.59 l/shift and truck is 56 l/shift. Basing on the pollution factor established by World Healthe Organization (WHO), tonnage of exhausted gas generated from construction machines, equipments is presented in the following table: Table 3.4 Exhaust from construction machines, equipments Machine Target SO2 S =0.05% NOx CO VOC Pollution coefficient (g/kg fuel) 20*S ton crane Soil compactor Electric welding machine Trucks (10-16 ton) Total emission (mg/s) Increased concentration with distance of 5m (mg/m3) Total (mg/m3) QCVN 05: Where: S Content of sulphur in oil (%) = 0.05%. PECC1 64

69 Comments: Emission due to construction machine with the calculated distance in the allowed scale, a bit higher than the status. In the near distance, pollution shall be higher and this impact mainly to worker, machine controller. Impacts took place in the short time and will end when the construction completes. This pollution is usually not big because the environment dispersement is large. b. Waste in construction b1- Waste water in construction Water used in construction stage is assessed to be small, water is used in mixing mortar, concrete, concrete maintenance. When it rains, water pumped from substation pile foundation has quite high turbidity. This waste water is not so large and then comes to culvert system in substation, so the affect is considered to be unremarkable if there are methods of collecting mud collection, deposite. Waste water from maintenance of machine, washing construction machine, transporting trucks, concrete mixer, washing construction equipments,. is not so much because these actions based on the design, shall be implemented at workshop, washing shop outside the project construction area. b2. Overflow rainfall Rainfall will overflow an extent depending on annual rainfall, the rainfall will take with it soil, sand, sediment, dropped lubrication, grease, etc from construction site causing pollution. Discharge and characteristics of overflow rainfall will depend on the rainy area and volume of pollutants on surface where rainfall is overflowing. The rainfall discharge within project area is defined by experiment formula used widely in the USA and other European countries. Discharge Q (m 3 /s) is estimated by following formula: Q = x Φ x h x.f (m 3 /s) (*) (*): Deputy Professor- Dr. Tran Duc Ha - Lecture on environmental protection in civil work- Hanoi Construction Publisher, 2009). Q- Calculated discharge (m 3 /s) unit converted factor h- calculated rainfall intensity (mm/h), h = 90mm/h F- project area (ha) F = 29,277.5 m 2 Φ- the flow coefficient depends on characteristics of overburden, sloping, in the case of project area, it is taken as The rainfall overflows on project layout area will be: Q = x 0.25 x 90x10-3 x 29,277.5 = (m 3 /h) equivalent to (m 3 /s). Concentration of overflow rainfall is m 3 /s. Concentration of pollutant in rainfall depends on successive rainfalls and hygiene conditions in area. Pollution will concentrate mainly at beginning time of rainfall (known as the first fall of rainfall: to be estimated from the time when rainfall is forming its flow on surface and lasting in 15 or 20 minutes after that). The rainfall will take with its flow sand, soil, suspended solid causing impact to water resources. If the overflow rainfall is discharged directly to channel, it will cause sediment which will effect to aquatic lives and create barrier to the flow channel. As has been designed, part of surface rainfall will flow on the substation surface through holes beneath fence to outside, the other part will be collected to drainage pits along road to PECC1 65

70 locations where it is discharge out of the substation to drainage channel in the area by means of PVC pipe system. Impacts from rainfall is estimated as unremarkable and negligible. b.2- Construction waste Waste from construction materials is mainly scattered during construction time such as soil, rock, brick, concrete, steel pieces, iron pieces, concrete cover during soil excavation and wooden debris (formwork). If these wastes could not be collected at regulated place, the landscape in the area will be affected. Construction materials waste generated during construction time is approximately 0.1% of the total construction materials (32,658 ton) equivalents to ton. With the construction time of 12 months, construction materials waste generated is approximately 2.72 ton/month, equivalent to 90.7 kg/day. This waste is not toxic and usually collected and bought or re-used for leveling lay-out. If there is no reasonable collecting method, waste assembled during construction time will get more and more that lead to locally-soil pollution, obstruct flow when it rains. c1- Waste water from living activities Waste water generated from taking bath, washing of officers, workers at the project site. In this report, environmental impact assessment from living activities of workers in temporary camps was prepared at the time the number of workers gets maximum (150 people). Objects affected by liquid waste is water, soil environments, aquatic organism and people in which workers take the majority. Norm for supplying water in this stage is 150 l/person/day. Waste water takes an account of 70%: 150 l/person/day x 150 people x 70/100 = l/day equivalent to m3/day. According to regulation TCVN 7957:2008, reference from the Environmental Protection Book in basic construction Construction Publishing House, 2010, emission factor of waste water in living water is presented in column (*) in table 3.5. From the emission factor, daily and nightly waste water discharge, concentration of polluted matters from living activities waste water during project construction time shall be presented in the following table. Table Concentration of polluted matters from living activities waste water Polluted matter Emission factor (g/person/day) (*) Waste discharge (l/day) Total volume of waste water max (kg/day) Average concentrati on (mg/l) QCVN 14:2008/BTN MT (column B) BOD5 65 9,75 619,05 50 TSS Total N Total P Cl Substances on surface PECC1 66

71 Waste water discharge generated from the whole workers (in case the workers live in a camping area in the project lay-out). According to the above table, concentration of polluted matters in waste water from workers camping area exceed the allowable limit of QCVN 14:2008/MoRE. Waste water comes from living activities in this stage contains waste dregs. suspending matter (SS), organic matter (BOD5. COD), nutrition matter (N. P) and pathogenic microorganism together with the excreted matter, waste water may pollute surface water and underground water in the area. Therefore, the surface water shall be polluted if this water wastes directly to the environment. Waste water discharge (15.75 m3/day) is calculated for the whole workers at project site. However, according to design, Contractor shall employ workers who can self-support their accommodation outside or at residential areas nearby. Thus, waste water discharge shall be much lower than the calculated discharge, waste water only generates during the time workers work in day time. Therefore, in order to meet sources quality of the construction area and vicinity, it is necessary to build the treatment, collection system for waste water before it flows to natural flow. Based on the plan, this waste shall be collected by mobile latrine, thus, the affect shall reduce remarkably. c2- Waste from living activities Domestic waste is generated from living activities of workers. However, this waste originates mainly from organic sources such as vegetables, fruits, residual food, packs, food tin by glass, plastic. Waste emission coefficient of construction worker is temporarily calculated 0.5 kg/person/day night. With the number of workers at the site is 60 people, living activities waste shall be: 0.5 kg/person x 150 people = 75 kg/ person/day night. This waste volume is equal to kg/year or 22.5 ton/year. Disintegrated organic rate (residual food) from waste from this source occupies 70% and the rest is paper, nylon, glass, wrap. Although the generating volume is not so much, this is disintegrated waste, pollutes air environment, surface water, underground water when the water flows via waste area if the waste cannot be collected and treated in time, protecting the environment in the area. However, the construction unit shall co-ordinate with the local environmental agency to collect, treat this waste. This impact shall disappear when the project completes. c3- Fecal matter It is calculated that 0.3 kg/person/day on average, it is approximately 45 kg/day. With the construction time of 1 year, this will be kg or 13.5 ton/year. This fecal matter is not so much but it causes unhygienic and pollutes air and water sources if it is not treated hygienically and technically, thus, it is necessary to build environment treatment systems to protect environment in the project site and vicinity. Based on the plan, the fecal matter shall be collected by mobile latrine, thus, this impact is assessed to be small. d. Harmful waste (petrol, oil, greasy clout) Trucks, broken-up construction machines are repaired at workshops, garage outside of the project area, only small failures are implemented at the site. Based on the Contractor s construction organization and number of construction machines, Circular 06/2005/BXD, some machines use electricity, there is a 25-ton crane, 04 soil compactors, 1 electric welding machine using oil. The waste oil for a 25-ton crane is 20 l/time/crane on average time of changing oil: 4 times /an operation year. For soil compactors, electric welding machine, it is about 3 l/time/ machine - time of changing oil: 4 times/operation year. For the whole project construction process, wasted oil is approximately 55 liters. Construction trucks and materials transportation trucks shall be changed their oil at the garage, workshop outside of project site. PECC1 67

72 Besides, oil scattered during fuel supplying process, repairing small failure and grease clout pollute soil, water environment, especially when it rains, water flows to vicinity areas. Wasted oil from construction machine is small 4.6 months/l, this wasted oil shall be 55l for calculation for the project area. This wasted oil is very harmful, if it is not collected, treated as regulated, it shall pollute remarkably to the soil, water environment and ecology in the project area and vicinity. Other harmful matters such as fluorescent bulbs blow out (containing mercury gas. phosphorus) comes from living activities of construction worker in the camp. This waste is quite harmful, if it is not collected, managed and treated, it will pollute the environment. According to the construction organization report, area for store, stockpile, camps is approximately 420 m2. It is calculated 10 m2/01 bulb on average (1.2m fluorescent bulb - 60W), 42 bulbs shall be in need excluding bulbs for construction area. If the lifetime of a bulb is 12 months, approximately 42 bulbs (equivalent to 8.4kg) shall be rejected, changed during construction time. Besides, leaden battery, other harmful chemical substances (paint, bulb battery, telephone battery. ) may generate from workers accommodation. In fact, this waste is unremarkable and shall be collected for selling. Name and bar code of harmful waste are listed in the following table: No. Name Bar code of harmful waste I Harmful waste generated during workers living activities 2 Fluorescent bulb Wasted battery II Harmful waste generated during construction stage 4 Device, machine spare parts have been used may blast 5 Wasted oil Wasted battery, lead storage battery Grease clout Paint and wasted plastic have toxic components Non- relating waste impacts a. Noise and vibration Operation from means of transportation and construction equipments at project site increases noise and vibration in the area. In order to assess noise impact to the area surrounding, some means of transportation and construction equipments shall be chosen. The noise affects to health of worker and residents around. Following table describes noise from some construction machine at distance 15m (*) and noise calculation results at different distances (detailed calculation is in Appendix for Noise). No. Table 3.6 Noise from some means of construction Machines. equipments Noise corresponding with distance (dba) 3.5m 7.5m 15m 20m 50m 100m 200m PECC1 68

73 1 Bulldozer Drilling machine Concrete threshing machine (*) Diesel compressor Machine for concrete pile drilling 1.5T Concrete mixing machine Truck QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT: Noise in the normal area 70 dba Sources: (*) Environment Protection Book in basic construction Construction Publishing House in According to 26:2010/MoRE National Technical Regulation on noise with normal area resident area is 55dB (21-6hours) and 70dB (6-21 hours). Equipments in the single table shall meet allowable standard on noise at distance of 100m. Construction machine at substation has so small capacity that the noise reduces remarkably. The noise higher than the allowed standard shall affect to people s health. Distance from resident area to the project site is about m. Only worker can be affected directly by the noise from construction motors, machines. Vibration is mainly from operation of construction machines. equipments at project sites and it also affect directly to worker s and residents health. According to QCVN 27:2010/MoRE, allowable vibration acceleration is 75 db. Vibration is quick defined based on data set up by USEPA as in the following table. (Source: power.pdf) Table 3.7 Vibration of construction trucks, machine Vibration No. Construction equipments 10m far from source causing vibration 30m far from source causing vibration 1 Soil excavator Bull dozer Heavy-transported truck Roller Drilling machine Air compressor Pneumatic excavator Source: USEPA In the distance of 30m, almost construction machines will meet requirements on vibration in comparison with allowable standard. PECC1 69

74 Based on the above assessment and actual comparison at project area, operation of means of transportation and construction machine at project site shall increase noise in the area. Noise and vibration directly affect labourers. However, construction time is not so long that noise and vibration has only short-term affect and this shall minimize when reasonable mitigation measures are applied. Means of transportation and machine can cause noise and vibration affecting to households along the traffic road and at construction place. Residential area and people living roadside is 20m far from the construction area may be affected when the truck transporting materials and equipments go through. However, these impacts are small, short-term and reduce when reasonable mitigation measures are applied and the impact happens only when the construction takes place. b. Erosion, dissolving soil when excavating foundation pit 220kV Dong Anh Substation locates in the paddy rice field, flat topography, thus, erosion when it rains is so small. For leveling the project site, foundation excavation and cable trench excavation, method against sliding, erosion shall be applied, thus, there is no sliding and erosion and do not affect land areas beyond border of the project area. c. Impact to ecological environment Excavation and embankment for substation foundation will affect to existing vegetation cover, mainly rice, farm produce. at permanent acquisition areas. Existing paddy fields, grass cover and vicinity trees may be adversely impacted if workers are not managed well. However, lay-out clearance areas for building 220kV Dong Anh substation is m2, totally locates on agricultural land area, at the time of survey (June 2013), this area has been harvesting. Vegetation near the project site comprises of ornamental trees such as nipa, areca,...and some trees for taking wood, shade. This area is very small and beyond the substation. thus, it will not be affected by the project construction. There is no nature reserve or any sensitive ecological zone need to be protected in the project site and nearby. There are no rare plants and animals or species need to be protected in the project construction area. There are almost no wild animals in the project area, except for such species as toad. small frog, frog, mouse, some small snakes and some intersects as grasshopper, locust and some small fishes, intersects living in other bog. However, due to the fact that chemical fertilizer and plant protection matter are used in agriculture, these animals and intersects exist with a very small number. Vegetation cover near the construction area is agricultural trees, rice. not be affected by the project. In general, impacts of 220kV Dong Anh substation construction for organism are not remarkable. d. Impacts to local socio-economy Creating jobs for local labourers Common workers can be employed at the construction stage, this creates jobs for local common workers who are unemployed. In addition, some services and restaurants, bases for entertainment may appear to meet demand of construction workers. Production land of some people shall be lost PECC1 70

75 The project develops on agricultural land, affecting land, trees, farm produces of some local residents that the serious impact is changing land used purpose. This impact shall affect income from agriculture of 110 households. However, with the favourable geographical conditions, and being gateway for the capital, people living here earn money apart from the agricultural activities, mainly from business, tourist services and working at the city, some other households work as salary eaners, less dependant on existing agricultural land area, thus, their income and livelihood(*) are still stable and ensured. Epidemic spreads from construction worker to local residents and vice versa. Contact between local residents and construction workers makes epidemic spread from workers to local residents and vice versa. However, the spreading level is not high because construction teams will be propagated and guided on measures against epidemic. Besides, there is a medical station in the project area in Thuy Lam, Lien Ha communes. Community Health Epidemic spreading from construction workers to local resident and vice versa may happen because workers come from many places. This impact is assessed to be small because some labourers shall be hired at the local province and they are familiar with environment conditions and health. There is medical station in all communes for workers; moreover, workers are propagated about preventive measures, thus, the affect to people and workers is assessed to be small. Community conflicts, social evils Due to the fact that living habits of workers and local residents are different, malefemale relationship between workers and local girls may lead to community conflict. The project locates at the place where evils relating to drug business, transport and using, the occurrence of numerous workers may become favourable conditions for business and using drug in this area. Workers with the man takes majority, thus, such social evils may develop as using drugs, prostitution. Contractors will employ local workers for suitable works, therefore, this impact is small. Safety at works, fire-explosion danger Accidents may happen for workers in the construction areas because of getting an electric shock, near big load machine, near crane, near foundation. When the construction is managed well, regulation on safety is executed seriously, workers are equipped with highqualified safety working facilities, this impact may minimize. In the project construction, un-safety may happen, fire explosion may also happen because of using gas cooker in living activities. Impacts to public traffic It relates to danger of road failure, subsidence for the road surface along intercommune road site of Thuy Lam Lien Ha into project (when heavy equipments, machine, materials. are transported). Some roads are used for transporting construction materials, increasing traffic density for the road site, National Road 3, inter-commune road of Thuy Lam Lien Ha (access road and near project location), this shall increase accidents which damage people s property, life in the project area. However, this impact is not so big because the project locates in Hanoi, bitumen road has been constructed well and this is convenient for transporting materials. This impact may be minimized by arranging reasonable construction time and installing suitable PECC1 71

76 signals. Transportation of over-load, over-sized equipments must follow current regulations to ensure safety for people and infrastructure. Impacts to military areas and cultural-historical relics 220kV Dong Anh substation does not affect to any historical relics, archaeological relics, famous landscape. The project does not also affect to any sensitive ecological zone, national garden of any natural museum, biosphere reserve Project operation stage Waste relating impacts a. Domestic waste a1- Waste water from living activities When 220kV Dong Anh substation is put into operation, it will discharge waste water. It is planned to have 26 people for 220kV substation management. These people shall be arranged into 3 shifts, 5 teams for frequent operation in substation. Number of workers in each shift is few, they use water for living activities only (septic tank). Waste water during this stage is 105 l/person/day night (taking 70% standard for supplying water for a person per day). According to man power arrangement for the substation, total discharge volume is l/day night (equivalent to 3.73 m3/ day night). This waste water is assessed to be much smaller because operators are arranged in 3 shifts and 4 teams, otherwise, the waste water is collected in septic tank and biological treatment (selfdisintegrated, settled) before flowing to drainage system. Therefore, waste water impact in living activities of substation operators is unremarkable and can be minimized. a2- Solid waste in living activities Domestic waste Waste comes from eating and drinking, living activities of substation operators. The average emission factor is 0.5kg/person/day night, with the expected number of people for operating substation is 26, waste will be: 0.5 kg/ person/day night x 26 people = 13 kg/ day night equivalents to 4.68 ton/year. Disintegrated organic rate (residual food) from waste from this source accounts for 70% and the rest is paper, nylon, glass, wrap. Although the generating volume is not so much, this is disintegrated waste which pollutes air environment, surface water, underground water and affect to people and landscape around. Fecal matter It is calculated that 0.3 kg/person/day on average, it is approximately 7.8kg/day. This fecal matter is not so much, it will be collected and treated by septic tank (self-disintegrated. settled) and then comes to waste collection system in the area. b. Harmful waste b1- Waste from living activities Other harmful matters such as fluorescent bulbs blow (containing mercury gas, phosphorus) comes from living activities of construction worker in the camping area. This waste is quite harmful, if it is not collected, managed and treated, it will pollute the environment. According to the design, areas for substation is approximately m2 including center controlling house, feeder controlling house, operation management and shift-break house, pumping and standing house. It is calculated 10 m2/01 bulb on average (1.2m fluorescent bulb - 60W), 89 bulbs shall be in need excluding bulbs for construction area. In addition, there are about 20 bulbs for lighting, protecting substation. If the lifetime of a bulb is 12 months, approximately 109 bulbs (equivalent to 22kg) shall be rejected, changed annually. PECC1 72

77 Besides, harmful waste may come from broken battery, failed fuse, other harmful chemical substances such as paint, bulb battery, telephone battery, temporarily calculated at 5kg/year (take reference from 110kV Gia Lam substation). Such harmful waste is so small (less than 120kg). According to Circular 12/TT- BTNMT dated 14/4/2011. the managing agency is not necessary to register waste owner. Quantity of above waste (harmful) is so small, unremarkable (less than 120kg), thus, according to Circular 12/TT-MoRE dated 14th April 2011, the project operating agency must not register for waste owner. b2- Waste water after fire-fighting action Waste water from fire-fighting action occurs only in cases of substation fires, this waste volume depends on the nature and scale of such fire. Water (pumped from contingency water tank) after fire-fighting action will flow to the water collection system of substation, then come to a tank locating a separation pipe between oil and water, if water and oil flow at the same time to the tank, oil will be retained and water drains to general drainage system None-wastes related impacts a. Noise comes from substation action Cores of transformer are produced from thin-laminated steel plates which experience with uneven expansion and contraction when they are put in magnetic flux. Therefore, they rub together and cause particular o o sound. Unchanged circulating forces have been generated in cores of transformer which cause vibration to different spare parts of transformer body. Thus, in an effort to reduce o o sound, noise and vibration should be paid attention to. Noise comes from disturb of a transformer can be heard and this makes people feel unpleasant, affects their health. Noise generated almost operation areas of substation, reference for noise values periodically measured in some 220kV substations operating in Vietnam is presented in the following table: Table 3.8 Noise instrumentation at some locations of 220kV substation No. Location of instrumentation 220kV Hai Duong substation (dba) (*) 1 Office kV Mai Dong substation (dba) (**) 2 Controlling house Transformer Local ground, roads area Information room - 63 QĐ /BYT Substation entrance Residential area in the North of project QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT 70 Source: (*) EIA report of increasing capacity of 220kV Hai Duong substation (Status and capacity increase 2012 (1) PECC1 73

78 (**) Environment Protection Project for 220kV Mai Dong substation. 11/2009 Both 220kV substations and 220kV Dong Anh substation putting operation in the future have similar voltage, ambient environment. Analogy method can be used for forecasting and assessing noise impact to environment and people s health when Dong Anh substation is operated as follows: According to Decision No /BYT, noise at different locations in substation and areas surrounding is below the allowable sill when the substation operates. Comparing with QCVN 26:2010/MoRE, noise level at some places as mentioned in table 3.8 will be higher (about dB). This noise more or less affects to officers, staffs working at the substation. Noise makes people here exhausted, stress, concentration- loss and may be hearing-reduced capability. However, the working arrangement is classified into 3 shifts, 4 teams, so each worker takes not so long time for his work, thus, noise affects to them is not remarkable. Residents around 220kV Dong Anh substation are quite far, thus, they are not affected by the noise caused from substation. b. Impact to health causing by electromagnetic field The electric field and magnetic field have always existed simultaneously around the current conductor. For AC, the fields are closely related to each other and form a uniform electric field. The high-voltage equipments over 330kV create a strong electromagnetic field affecting to human health. (Source: Some countries ( Soviet Union. Germany and Italy...) have conducted research related to the harmful effects of electromagnetic field for humans, calculation methods and instrumentation, fabrication of electromagnetic field, research and applied measures to prevent the influence of electromagnetic field are proposed. However, regulation on electromagnetic safety distance is not uniform. In Vietnam, according to Decision No.183NL/KHKT dated 12th Apr 1994 and TCN 03-92: Allowable intensity of electromagnetic and regulation testing in the working place, the intensity of electromagnetic (E) affected directly to humans is not higher than 25kv/m.. Allowable level for electromagnetic intensity (E) depends on the time (T) that people directly affected by electromagnetic are specified in the following equation: T = 0, when E > 25 ; T = 1/ 6, when 20 < E 25 ; T = 50 / E - 2, when 5 < E 20;. unlimited time (T), when E < 5. Under Decree 106/2005/ND-CP and Electrical code in 2006: Electromagnetic condition for housing area, works located in safe right of way of high voltage TL up to 220kV, electromagnetic intensity of 5 kv/m at any point outside house is allowed at distance of 1 m from ground and 1 kv/m at any point inside house is also allowed at distance of 1 m from ground. Relating to labor protection condition, a study of the electric field intensity distribution on series of 500kV substation under operation (different on operation time, the number of transformer, device type) in Ural Soviet Union of Russia shows that the electric field intensity is not uniform and the electric field intensity area larger than 6 kv/m occupied % the entire substation layout. It is recommended the staying time in area where the electric field>5kv/m for workers that may be risk on health effect as transformer maintenance worker, it is 3.7 minutes and it is 89.6 minutes for grass cutting worker. Source: =86&tab=). PECC1 74

79 Refering periodically measured electromagnetic value of some 220kV transformers under operation in Vietnam (see detail in appendix of Electromagnetic) following comment is given as below: Electromagnetic field intensity is mainly distributed unevenly in the construction of 220 kv substations. In the control house area, distribution room of electromagnetic intensity is very small; measured value close to the 220kV substation is greater than but it is also lesser degree. The area with the largest electromagnetic value (8.2 kv / m) in some locations of discounnector or circuit breaker (HD: 7 locations. MD: 3 positions) No Table 3.9 Electromagnetic measured result at two 220kV substations Measured position Hai Duong substation (*) Mai Dong Substation (**) Electromagnetic intensity kv/m Magnetic field intensity (A/m) Electromagnetic intensity kv/m Magnetic field intensity (A/m) 1 Central control room kV distribution room In front of rely cubicle Meeting room Canteen Information room Area of outdoor equipment 7 Transformer AT Disconnector Circuit breaker Cubicle Lighting arrestor of transformer Decision 183/NL/KHKT Working time of 8h 5 5 Working time of 3h Working time of 1h Working time of Working time of 10 >20 >20 IRPA (***) Source (*)EIA Report raising capacity 220kV Hai Duong substation ( The status and increase capacity (1) (**)According to the Environmental Protection Scheme 220kV Mai Dong substation11/2009 (***)Recommended level of International radiation safety Agency IRPA. At two 220kV substations and within the substation fence, the electric field intensity is quite small in most of the substation area. Most values are lower than the allowable limit. In the control house area, measured value is the lowest. Electric field intensity value at 7/30 positions ( * ) exceeds the permitted level of Hai Duong substation, 3/21 positions ( * ) exceeds the permitted level of Mai Dong Substation. Remaining positions meet standard limit. Comparing with the study of the electric field intensity at some substations in the above Ural region (Russia), the electric field intensity in PECC1 75

80 two 220kV substations is equal and fair. Forecast for evaluation of electromagnetic field intensity in 220kV Dong Anh substation later, most areas located in the allowable limit ( 5kV/ m, only a few locations of disconnector, circuit breaker, electric field is greater. Some locations near the disconnector, circuit breaker, electric field intensity exceeds allowable level in terms of working time of 8 h (5 kv/m ), however, it is still much lower than the allowable limit if the working time is 3h, 1h, 30, 10. Operating staffs of substations work primarily in the control room under regime of 3 shifts 5 teams, thus, time in the substation is 6-8 hours/day. Staffs may have higher health risks due electromagnetic field are 1-2 grass cutting workers (maximum continuous working time is 6 hours outside house) or transformer or equipment inspection person). We can say the impact of electromagnetic field when operating 220kV Dong Anh substation is small and local. c. Impact to ecological environment When it is put into operation, 220kV Dong Anh Substation will not cause any impact on the ecological environment. Besides, according to the design of the substation site, trees will be planted surrounding permitted area such as access road to the station, housing area of officials and substation operators. This work will increase vegetation cover in the substation area, the environmental landscape is beauty in the area. Surrounding substation, mostly is paddy land area so distance and safe elevation of station (under Decree 106/ND-CP ) do not affect to the growth of plants around substation. Domestic waste water and other wastes are collected and treated to ensure sanitation requirements before flowing to the local drainage system so it does not affect to the life of animals, insects in the area around the substation Impacts caused by risk of environmental incidents Preparation. construction stage of the project a. Risks caused by disarming bomb, mines - In the project preparation stage, bombs, mines, explosives which still scatter in the project area, Thuy Lam commune, Lien Ha commune, Dong Anh district will be detected in accordance with Decision No. 96/2006/QĐ-TTg issued on May 4th 2006 from the Prime Minister on managing and detecting bombs, mines, explosives. However, during the bombs, mines, explosives detection process, risks, accidents may happen which affect to human life and their property. Cause for this may come from carelessness and not compliance to regulation during the detection process. This kind of risk will not happen because the project owner will hire an agency which is speciliazed in investigating, looking for and treatting bombs, mines, explosives to implement this work. b. Labour accidents Causes can lead to accidents: - Workers do not strictly comply to labour safety rules. - Be careless causing electric shock when using electricity. - Materials and goods are fallen while unloading. - Being accident while hoisting, installing machinery and great accessories (transformers). - Traffic accidents in the area. Probability incident depends on the compliance to labour safety rules and regulations of workers in each specific case. c. Fire, explosion PECC1 76

81 Project construction activities take place outdoors with the use of a large amount of diesel oil fuel, electricity, incidents of short circuit cause fire, explosion likely to occur. Malfunction of ignition could cause damage to property and lives of workers at site and the adjacent units and cause environmental pollution. Workers use gas cooker for their living activities in camping area could cause a fire, explosion when they are careless. This can affect property and human lives. However, these incidents are very rare to occur when construction workers of the contractors had been thoroughly understood and guided the fire protection and fire fighting in construction and life. d. Natural disasters Heavy rains lasting several days may cause local flooding in project area, deep water may affect or damage to the construction machine, electric motor or the motor operating at the project. Petroleum storage areas (temporary storage) for construction vehicles, machinery such as bulldozers, cranes, excavators, hoes. etc... can be submerged in water and oil/petroleum may leak to the environment, oil/grease spreading on large-scale will pollute the water, soil and ecosystem in the area In operation stage a. Emergency oil spill One possibility is rare for substation that has been operated as transformer leaks oil. With the current transformers manufactured technology, it is very unlikely and can be controlled with the transformers inspection and maintenance periodically. The transformer oil leakage if have it will be a negative impact on the quality of underground water and soil quality in the area. However, this impact is very rare and can be limited by construction of emergency oil collection tank. b. Electric shock Electricity shock accidents occurred in substations and high voltage devices are often unsafe of life. Accidents and incidents of electric shock in substation can only occur when : Workers of substation do not operate in compliance with the regulations on electrical safety at work. Emergency from outside (off wire, underground cable opening, power leakage... Personnel (no tasks in substation) intrudes illegally into the substation area is prevented with fence separated from the residential areas around. c. Fire, explosion These problems may be caused by many factors such as power transformer, battery, circuit breaker or protection system not working or the wrong operation. But one of the most common problems is encountered around the problems related to switch and busbar joints. The problems of this type can ruin the substation and cause major damage. Besides. perhaps they have to stop implementing a number of switching plans because some circuit breaker/switches can not be opened, or can not be closed, or sparks when carrying load or arcing while cutting load. It can be caused by sparks on insulator strings at input of conductor situated on the top of transformer. For example, a transformer at 500kV Da Nang exploded (There is a sparks trace on conduction insulator at input of 220kV TL above transformer AT2 phase B before this transformer ignited). At 4h50 dated 09 Feb 2005 ( 1st Lunar Year ), a fire and explosion occurred at 110 kv substation - Nui 1, Thanh Hoa city that nearly half of the city and residential areas in the two districts of Dong Son and Quang Xuong lost power completely. Causes for this were sudden increased capacity and usage of obsolete equipments. PECC1 77

82 The phenomenon of dropping metal objects (wire, foil or other materials ) from the airplanes when they fly over transformer area may cause electric shock and transformer fire and explosion. Rice thresh causing transformer explosion: A household in Yen Phong district- Bac Giang province thresh rice near substation No.2 of Dong Yen village, their carelessness has made stack from threshing machine shot to transformer causing discharge (explosion) between high voltage phases at 9 o'clock 06 minutes on June 28th The consequence of this explosion is the national asset damage, damage to the economy and daily life of the people in power supply area from substation and adversely impact to ambient air quality and land. d. Due to some technical problems A number of problems can occur with transformer when it operates because of the following main reasons: d.1 Damage caused by designed defects Failures caused by defects in design can cause transformer failure: Failure in insulation part from pressed bolts, the magnetic flux density in the high steel core; Oil lot in coil is narrow; permutation is inappropriate; the distance between phase insulation is not enough; the design of heat diffused wings does not fit d2- Failures caused by inefficient manufacture The transformer manufacture is a skillful job other than manufacture of other machines. Credibility/reliability of transformer depends on the quality of raw materials and workmanship. There are a few steps that need to be done in manufactured stage so that obviously no mistake is made at this stage if not major defects would occur in the future in operation. d3- Damages caused by defects of materials The quality of used materials also affects to longevity of the transformer. A strict control of quality in all the successive stages in the production chain from raw materials to finished products shall be done to avoid causing failure to transformer. d4- Negative operation status The life of a conventional transformer depends on the longevity of the insulation. During normal operation of the transformer, the aging process is also normal level. The speed of aging is related to temperature, moisture content and loading duration. At temperatures greater than C, the gas bubbles are formed by the decomposition of the insulation. The bubbles are potential hazards in the surrounding area with high voltage stress. This may start electrical damage leading to punch electric discharge. Transformer 's expected life will be reduced by insufficient protection while it operates in abnormal conditions such as: The overload in tolerance, over-voltage operation, over-voltages caused by lightning, transmission over-voltage. d5- Habits of improper maintenance The poor/ not enough maintenance on the oil leakage areas, oil quality, critical components such as the adapters, the insulator at input, protection devices etc... will cause instability in transformer. In addition to these problems, there are a variety of overcoming problems encountered in the site such as moisture, oxidation, solids contamination, air bubbles, over-current, over-voltage, over temperature, short circuit, transformer protection shall be paid attention. Preventive maintenance is the best measure is to improve the reliability of the transformer. e. Natural diasters e1- Lightning Such a breakdown caused by natural disasters may happen as a lightning strucked substation. According to design for lightning protection from transformer, a lightning rod of PECC1 78

83 6m located on Portic of substation at elevation of 28m for the distribution side of 500kV and 22m for 220kV distribution side, 15m for 110kV distribution side shall be used for transformer. The entire substation equipment and civil works in substation shall be located within the protected area of the lightning rod system. Lightning rod system must be connected to the soil in the substation under the current rules so normally this incident won t occur. On the other hand, the device can be damaged by prolonged time or heavy rainstorm, such incidents can happen. Periodic inspection and test after heavy rainstorms shall be paid attention. e2- Natural clamity Heavy rains lasting in a long time may cause local flooding in project area, deeplyflooded water may affect or damage to transformer. For example, heavy rain had been occurring continuously since the night 30th Oct to 1st Nov 2008 with rainfall up to 350mm that Hanoi was submerged in water. Flood caused trouble of power system in many areas, caused comprehensive power loss for 3-4 days. From 31st Oct 2008, 220kV Ha Dong substation and many other substations all over city were flooded which caused local power outages across the region Comments on detailed level, reliability of assessment The implementation of EIA report preparation of 220kV Dong Anh substation has been coordinated closely by consultant with the project owner and the specialized agencies, concerned departments, localities where the project is constructed. Consulting methods used in the EIA study and preparation of 220kV Dong Anh substation have been used by many scientists, experts to prepare EIA Report of the FS projects so research, evaluation methods stated in the report is assessed to be effective. Following methods have been used in the report Statistic method: this method is used in collection and list of available documents, scientific reports. The document reliability depends on organization, statistic and research agencies. Quick evaluation method: this method aims to estimate pollution tonnage from project operation established by WHO. Pollution factors for each machine, equipment,...have been observed, analysed, studied, and statisfied from many sources through many years, thus, it is highly reliable. Comparison method: in this EIA report, analogy method in combination with document statistic method are used to implement the impact to electric intensity field, noise in construction and operation stage. Forecast method: The reliability of this method is quite high because the people who prepared report are qualified in environment field, emprical in EIA report, besides, environmental experts also took part in the report. Investigation survey method: The survey at the site was taken by the Consultant strictly, sufficiently and followed-up specialized requirements. Data, environment samples were collected to provide a basis for evaluating status and comparison when the project comes to construction, operation. Environmental indicators were observed, collected based on the technical specifications, and analysed on modern machine with high precision. Analysis results were compared with allowable indicators in the current Vietnam s standards TCVN, QCVN. PECC1 79

84 Survey work at field is taken by EIA Consultant seriously, fully and aligned with professional requirements. Materials environmental samples are collected to provide a basis for evaluating and comparing the current state of the project into construction and operation. The monitored and collected environmental indicators are right in technique, they are analyzed on modern machine with high precision. The analysis results are compared with the current allowable criteria in Vietnamese standard and regulation (TCVN. QCVN). Used documents sources All reference documents, data are refered from formal documents which have been applying in Vietnam. Textbooks have been using as teaching data and reference in Universities as Hanoi University of Science and Technology, University of Civil Engineering,...Stastistic data and documents on socio-economy in the project area are followed and calculated by the local authority, thus, the result is reliable. It can be said that the evaluation method Consultant used to prepare EIA Report for project will make the report quality better. PECC1 80

85 Chapter 4 NEGATIVE IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES AND PREVENTION AND RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTTAL INCIDENTS 4.1. PREVENTIVE AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS During project preparation stage Design, selection of project location Location of 220kV Dong Anh Substation was agreed by Department of Architecture planning of Hanoi with the written number 4130/QHKT-HTKT dated 14/12/2010. Position of substation is in rice field in territory of Bieu Khe hamlet, Thuy Lam Commune, Ha Phong and Lien Ha village, Dong Anh district, Hanoi. In design, elements of the natural conditions, technical factors, construction and operation and the economy and environment to construct the project have been considered. Investigation is done carefully, the economic and environmental impacts have been compared so that the optimal alternative of project is selected to minimize the impact to the natural environment and people's life in project area Compensation of affected households In the process of compensation for households, Project Owner shall cooperate closely with local authority: People's Committee at all levels and the relevant departments in the application of existing laws and a number of specific provisions of local in the investigations, statistics and real measurement on damages to plan specific compensation for each household in the land withdrawal area. Compensation for the affected households have been implemented and completed by Project Owner. Damage compensation must be consistent, compliance with laws and adequate for the affected households, loss of productive land. Economic assistance plan will be available for households who lost agricultural land when the family's main income from the requisitioned land areas for project construction, support for career change so that those households can stable their lives. The project owner shall coordinate with City 's Layout clearance Board, Dong Anh district to implement the State policy on compensation, site clearance to ensure the stable life of the affected households promptly. The plan implementation activities are in the following table. PECC1 81

86 Table Compensation Planning for affected households when the project is implemented No. Activities Responsible agencies 1 2 Holding meetings with affected households, local authority, social organization to announce of the project and policies, taking comments from people Surveying in detail and confirm households, area of land at all kinds, assets being affected Project Management Board, Compensation Layout clearance Council. Project Management Board, Compensation Layout clearance Council 3 Notifying to affected households Compensation Layout clearance Council 4 Decision on levels of detailed compensationsupported policy Compensation Layout clearance Council 5 Compensation payment Compensation Layout clearance Council 6 7 Internal supervising on compensation, site layout clearance Supervising independently on compensation, clearing site layout Project Management Board Fatherland Front Committee at commune 8 Solving claims Project Management Board, Comune People s Comittee; Compensation Layout clearance Council of Dong Anh District Mitigation measures for recreate layout, restore the affected areas Limit infringing beyond land use range to build Substation (not violate to vegetation outside substation construction site). Use manual methods to clear grass, avoid clearing by machines and using herbicides to protect plants as much as possible. Collect waste in designed dumps. Construction activities shall be arranged so as the temporarily occupied land (if any) in the construction phase is small. Areas of temporarily occupied land shall be restored (if any) in the shortest time. Project for re-constructing canal system, public roads for the locality insure quality and production activities for people at the occupied area by the project. According to the PECC1 82

87 project design, the occupied areas of road, channel will be made up. The manager of construction unit shall remove camps, temporary works and clean up construction materials at the temporarily borrowed land area, residual components, construction waste to the city s regulated area, and remove machines, devices serving for construction (if any) out of project lay-out when the construction completes. The manager of construction unit gives out regulations to prohibit dumping waste to the vicinity. For the temporarily borrowed land area (if any) after being borrowed to gather construction materials, the unit manager must clear camps, remove temporary works, and clear construction materials to hand over for land owner Mitigation measures to waste dumping areas. Residual earth, soil volume from foundation excavation of substation items is taken advantage to embankment locations in substation by manual, thus, the residual earth volume shall reduce remarkably. Project owner and contractor commit to dump at the disposal area regulated by People s Committee of Hanoi (the construction contractor shall pay fee for dumping waste which belongs to contract package between contractor and project owner). It is absolutely forbiden to dump waste at public areas where residents shall be affected In construction stage For sources related to waste a. Control air pollution In order to limit the air pollution in the project area during this period, following measures will be required by the Project Owner to Contractor to perform as follows : - The used transport vehicles, machinery, equipment shall have operation permit of the Vietnam Register Department, in which the emission standard is determined. - Appropriate plan and construction schedule shall be made so that work volume in digging, dumping, sand filling for foundation leveling, gathering construction materials are the most appropriate to limit largest amount of vehicles on a road section, to reduce emissions and construction dust by means that dispersed into the air. - Water spraying shall be done on hot sunny days and high wind at the soil excavation and embankment site for foundation leveling, stock pile of construction materials and on road. - Canvas shall be covered the excavated soil part, stock pile of construction materials to limit wind dispersal dust into the air. - The sediment, disposal rock/soil transport vehicles to the specifed disposal area or transportation of construction material to the site shall be covered, truck floor shall be sealed to minimize sand/sediment falling, material cause dust pollution along two sides of the transportation route. In addition, the excavation plan and transportation shall be proper, reasonable transportation routes shall be selected, transportation means shall be appropriate, PECC1 83

88 meet standard also contributing significantly to reduce dust pollution during construction process. - Machines and equipment after work must be washed, to avoid causing strewn/mud fall on road, dust pollution in traffic when they are transported to other construction site. - Besides, to protect the health of construction workers, they should be equipped with labor protection, and masks for workers at the site to prevent from dust. b. Environmental pollution mitigation measures caused by waste in construction b1- Waste water in construction As presented in Chapter 3, amount of waste water during construction is negligible. However, to minimize the impact as much as possible in the construction process on the environment, Contractors shall be required by Project owner to implement as below: - Take maximum advantage of the water resources to serve for civil works curing during construction process. - Water in mixing concrete should be saved, the loss to the environment shall be minimized. The construction process should be performed safely on machines, construction equipment, oil leakage must be minimized in the construction process. Water from the foundation pit due to rain, permeated underground water shall be pumped into storage pit, and treated by deposition method then flows into the drainage system of the existing substation. b2- Flowing raining water In order to reduce impacts of flowing raining water when the construction is undertaken and impacts to water environment, the contractor is requested by the project owner to implement following measures: - Arranging drainage sites, drainage culverts, and maintaining best working conditions of culvert and installing temporary pumping machine system to pump water to the discharge point. - Using or transporting embanked, excavated earth, soil volume, reducing the stored volume at the construction area. - Collecting solid waste from construction and living activities at the construction area and workers camps and hiring collection and treatment unit. Raining water drainage culvert Trash rack Man hole Receiving sources b3- Protection of supplying water and surface water, underground water sources The Client shall comply regulations, norms on protecting water supplying sources, surface water and underground water sources. The Client commits to drain raining water, waste water from construction and living activities which are untreated to the local drainage system. PECC1 84

89 b4- Solid waste in construction Solid waste shall be managed in accordance with the provisions of Decree No. 59/2007/ND-CP on the solid waste management. This kind of waste is usually not harmful to the environment or pollution, mainly is waste from construction materials such as scattered soil/rock in excavation and embankment and excess, bricks, spillage concrete lumps, debris, wood, damaged formwork, steel... One part is waste as scrap steel, scrap wood, cement bags, carton packaging equipment and machinery, foam box... will be collected and sold for sorting recycled material bases. A portion of this waste will be signed contract with the transportation units shipped down to the dump area specified in the area. Another part will be recycled for leveling base, paving road. c. Waste from camping area of the worker in the project c1- Domestic wasted water and fecal matter The amount of waste water can be limited by using local labor who have conditional self-sufficient in food, travel, not live in camping area. Construction units shall have workforce organization plan in the construction phase. As calculated in Chapter 3, the amount of waste water generated by the living activities of workers during construction on the site is around m 3 /day. Domestic wastewater of workers will be collected and processed in the mobile toilets located on site as described in the figure below. 2 mobile toilets are expected to be installed. Wasted water from mobile WC, periodically, shall be collected and treated by local environmental company. Frequency for collecting and treating shall be once per month. Photo 4 Portable toilets on construction site Mobile WC at the site shall be manufactured from Fiberglass refractory plastic (FRP) imported that can stand for cold, heat temperature as well as impacts from outside environment, bearing high mechanic impacted force and still can maintain original dimension, shape. PECC1 85